DE1902700A1 - Artificial bones and joints for the human - body - Google Patents

Abstract

Carbon fibre reinforced plastics are used for the manufacture of artificial body members or joints by moulding. The thermosetting or thermoplastic synthetic material may be used as a coating for a shaped length of woven fabric or carbon fibre to produce an artificial member.

Description

Eastern bones, joints and other parts for the human Body The invention relates to artificial joints, bones, and limbs other parts that are used in place of the natural ones in human body Sollefle These parts are hereinafter referred to as artificial limbs.

For making such artificial limbs for the human body stainless steel, titanium, plastics, wood and protected materials have already been like for example Vitallium, used, however, bring all of these Materials have certain disadvantages in that they are sometimes too heavy or have support or storage surfaces that wear out during use.

The invention awakens such artificial limbs for the human To train body so that these disadvantageous phenomena eliminated or on a Minium be traced back.

This is achieved according to the invention in that artificial limbs, Joints or similar parts for the human body made from a molded plastic part consist or have a part made of a plastic that is reinforced with carbon fibers is.

These artificial limbs can conveniently for example by Forming a specific shaped limb by means of a molding process and therefore it is possible to have them with a single Autbau or in the form of a number of complementary sections The plastic from which such links are made can be anything signed Material can be used and it can be either thermosetting or thermoplastic be.

Examples of such thermosetting, usable plastics are polyester, Phenolic and epoxy resins and a member made from such a resin can be suitably used be molded by press molding. Examples of thermoplastics are Polyethylene, nylons, vinyl chloride polymers and copolymers. One from one A link made of thermoplastic material can expediently be injection molded be brought to his fona.

The carbon fibers with which the plastic is to be reinforced can from organic, polymeric fibers by controlled pyrolysis at temperatures up to up to 3000 ° C. The resulting fibers are made of pure carbon have remarkable strength. The graphite crystals in the fibers are preferential aligned along the fiber axis rather than having a random orientation and the tensile strength of the fibers can be 17.6 kg / mm² (250,000 pounds per square inch) or more. Fibers with the greatest tensile strength and the highest The module is made from polyacrylamide and has a lower tensile strength is obtained from Reych.

The proportions of fibers and plastic in such an artificial one Link according to the invention can, for example, from about 20 up to 75 wt.% vary in carbon fibers.

A suitable material is, for example, a thermosetting moldable Composition sold by Courtaulds Limited under the name "thermosetting molding compound Grade XI "is supplied. This is an epoxy resin with about 20% by weight Carbon fiber. If necessary, however, a larger proportion of carbon fibers can be shipped will. Suitable thermoplastic materials are also a number, for example of mouldable compositions manufactured by Courtaulda Ltd. to be delivered, each plastic containing 20% by weight of carbon fibers. These plastics encompass malleable compositions of nylon 6, nylon 66, polypropylene, and polymeric pentene.

After another execution according to the invention can be termed kü @@@@@ that ma @ @@@@@@ wraps.

The @@@@@@ @@@@@ before - @@@@@@ after winding up impregnated the mandrel. This mandrel can form part of the product or it can be removed when the formation of the artificial limb is complete is.

In the event that the artificial limb is likely to be in use If it is exposed to special stresses, it must be designed in such a way that it in certain directions by preferentially aligning the carbon fibers in them certain directions before the hardening of the plastic is reinforced, so that the composite product with maximum strength in the required directions Has. However, if a softer construction is sufficient, make it a random or arbitrary orientation of the carbon fibers is permissible and such Construction is of course easier and cheaper to manufacture.

As already indicated, such an artificial limb can according to of the invention, for example, in the form of a limb, i.e. an arm or a leg, be made or it can be a part of such a limb or a bone form. A joint can also be used as an Erzata for a damaged joint in the human Body, for example in the arm or in the leg, or it can be in the instep of the foot or as an orthopedic device, such as a support for the spine. When the dinestial limb is formed as a galenk, can For example, a two-part joint with rugel and ball socket or a three-part joint Joint zein in the manner of a shear. Dahei can only be part of such a thing Oelenkee aun - @@@@@ feformten part from @@@ tatoff @@@@ hen, which starts with @@@@@@ @@@@@ part aun @@@@@@@ Artificial limbs and many kinds of similar ones Parts are known (see, for example, "Artificial Limbs" by L. Gillis, edited from Pitman Medical Publishing Company Limited) and they are commonly for example made of metal, wood, leather, fiber and celluloid. The artificial limbs according to the invention have a number of advantages over those previously known in that they have a higher or equivalent strength with a lower weight and have a resilience. It is also made in limbs and joints Metal necessary to lubricate them occasionally, which is a quite significant disadvantage is, while the artificial limbs according to the invention do not need any lubrication to have. They are also less subject to corrosion than the previously known ones made of metal.

Suitable materials for such artificial limbs should be chemical inert, non-sticky, non-hygroscopic and abrasion-resistant. You should also be non-toxic and do not cause difficulties for the wearer by, for example Cause eczema, inflammation, suppuration or growths. For example, if for reasons of convenience in the manufacture of artificial links from a plastic to be produced, the one with the body with which it is used in A-rUhrung if »is not sufficiently well tolerated, it is necessary on the surfaces to apply a permanent coating to this member made of a material that is sufficiently compatible with the body.

For example, embodiments of artificial joints according to FIG Invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows, partially in section, a ball joint with a ball and ball socket.

Fig. 2 is a similar illustration of a hinge joint.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the joint of Fig. 2, with some Parts are omitted.

In Fig. 1, a two-part joint with a ball and ball socket is shown. The two parts of the Gelonkes bastehan from a part 11, the one with an approximately U-shaped End portion 12 is provided, and a part 13, the end piece 14 of which is spherical is trained. The ball 14 is inserted into the U-shaped section 12, see above that there is a joint with a ball and ball socket. It can be part of the joint Either both parts can be made of one plastic, reinforced with carbon fibers, be made by a molding process, in Figures 2 and 3 is a three-part Joint shown in the manner of a hinge. Ea consists of awei linked together Parts 21 and 25 with generally U-shaped end portions 22 and 24, respectively, and one cylindrical joint part 25. The part 25 is between the opposite side walls 26 and 27 of the U-shaped section 22 of the part 21 inserted or twisted and fitted into the U-shaped section 24 of the part 23. The part 23 is thus rotatable about the joint part 25. It can be one, two or all three parts of the joint consist of plastic reinforced with carbon fibers0

Claims (7)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Artificial limb for the human Body, for example in the form of limbs, as a joint or the like, d u r c h e k e n nn z e i n e i n e t that it is made of molded, with carbon fibers made of reinforced plastic. 2. Artificial limb according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z it is true that the formed limb has a uniform research. 3. Artificial limb bach claim 1, d a d u c h g e k a n n z e i c h n e t that it is designed as a two-part joint with a ball and ball socket at least one part of this molded reinforced plastic. 4. Hosiery member according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n g It is true that it is designed as a three-part jangle in the manner of a Sharai at least a portion of which is formed from this molded reinforced plastic. 5. Küastlichen member according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k a n n a it is true that there is a feformed Baha made of chain goods made of coal fani, contains, which is covered with plastic. 6. Küastliches member according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, it is not stated that the plastic is a hard and hard material Narcissus is. 7. Küastliches @@@@@@ the claims @@@@@ that dar @@@ 2 tharmo - @@@@ L. e e r e i t e