DE1816072A1 - Watercraft with landing gear - Google Patents

Description

Watercraft with landing gear The invention relates to watercraft with chassis for overland transport in a combination, characterized in that that the wheel sets on the watercraft swung out with a drawbar, Can be lowered or slipped on, the bottom contour when traveling in water is not interrupted and Jd. Porm can have, and the drawbar is retractable, removable or is arranged pivotably.

Watercraft equipped in this way are for overland transport no boat trailer necessary. It also eliminates the amount of work that Bringing watercraft with trailers to water and land requires.

To this day, watercraft are used at Vberlandfahrt with the help of special trailers transported. These have adjustable devices to accommodate watercraft With the most varied of code forms and a drawbar with a coupling for attachment on road vehicles.

When driving on the road, the watercraft must go through with the special trailer Belts, ropes or the like are connected.

If the watercraft is to be brought into the water, it is loosened, and driven into the water on the special trailer until it begins to swim. Then the special trailer is pulled ashore again.

In order to then bring the watercraft back onto the special trailer, the special trailer must first be pushed into the water. Now the watercraft is steered on the special trailer waiting in the water, with the bow line or egg winch temporarily attached and pulled out of the water.

The same amount of work is required when using the watercraft by means of a crane from the special trailer ina water is lifted These two methods are time consuming, costly and require some skill, especially when the water is gone. As a rule, at least two people are responsible for this work necessary.

Caravan boats are known which fatigue from road to water are convertible. With these either the wheel set is removed or remains as protruding part under the caravan, and thereby considerably reduces the water travel properties (See German utility model 1 963 300, 1 9o3 502 and "Botte" magazine, booklet 4 / ö ?, 3rd year, pages 28/29).

The invention avoids these disadvantages and solves the problem in a simple, safe and economical way.

The invention saves an additional special trailer and that Time-consuming fastening of the watercraft for road travel, avoids the cumbersome Handling when bringing the watercraft to water and land is unnecessary additional person when retrofitting, and in no way diminishes the water handling properties.

The invention relates to a watercraft construction that performs the function a special trailer and a watercraft combined in that Swing out and lower wheel sets on the watercraft equipped with a drawbar or are arranged so that they can be plugged in, the bottom contour not being interrupted when traveling in water is and can have any shape, and the drawbar can be retracted, removed or swiveled is arranged.

Instead of the special trailer, two step on the watercraft fortified resilient wheel sets and a drawbar with coupling.

The wheel sets come with a swivel plate through 90 to 270 degrees, preferably swiveled 180 degrees out of the wheel arches in the direction of travel, so that the Wheel set is in the center of gravity of the watercraft. The two wheel arches are located are in the side wall and are tight towards the interior. The one opposite the wheelset The side of the swivel plate has the contour of the bottom of the watercraft or the stern of the watercraft depending on the attachment of the swivel plate, so that the bottom shape when the wheelsets are swiveled in is not interrupted.

Another embodiment provides a two-axle watercraft represents, which in heavier watercraft such. B.

Caravan boats, cabin boats, motor cruisers and sailing yachts are necessary will.

This heavy watercraft comes with four individually resilient wheelsets equipped. Each individual wheel set is rotated 90 to 270 degrees with a swivel plate, preferably 180 degrees, swiveled out of the wheel arches in the direction of travel.

In the plan view, the individual swivel plates can be one behind the other, be arranged side by side or offset to the side. The load of the watercraft is balanced on the wheelsets.

Serving another form of the invention provides that the two sets of wheels with two or more socket pins each in receptacles in the side wall, the floor or singly plugged in and locked in the stern of the watercraft. With water travel these wheels can be removed.

Furthermore, scissor-like wheel suspensions are possible, which can be adjusted by adjusting a threaded spindle or a hydraulic cylinder or the like to equip the wheel sets or retract According to one embodiment is characterized the Invention by swiveling the wheel sets transversely to the direction of travel by 30 to 200 degrees to the left or right around a pivot point in the Kahe of the outer lower side edge of the watercraft.

Another variant is a watercraft with horizontal fins are arranged foldable. This houses the two sets of wheels that are used when driving on the road be folded down by 3p to 270 degrees, preferably by 90 degrees. The suspension is this wasgrecht housed, with the strut of the wheel arch the impact forces transfers to the spring.

The storage of the spring is horizontally displaceable, for. B. through one Spindle or the like, and thereby causes the folding movement of the tail fin.

According to a further embodiment, the wheel sets are increased by approx.

270 degrees around a triangle at the deepest point with the so-called. Rear plate pivoted. The suspension is provided by trailing arms, which are either are resilient or by means of additional spring elements such as rubber pressure and spiral springs or the like, are cushioned.

Another embodiment of the invention are trailing arms for the wheel suspension, which are designed as a spring and also by pivoting in the direction of travel, or across it. take action. Rigid handlebars, too, which are sprung to support the wheel sets Can be brought into the driving position through a flap in the bottom of the watercraft.

The trailer drawbar with coupling is mounted in a receiving tube. The receiving tube itself is firmly connected to the watercraft and can be used in the Construction to be included for stiffening. When traveling on the water she can follow Loosen the lock either pushed in or removed completely.

It is better to have a recess in the front keel area into which the coupling is sunk in the inserted state and covered by a cladding flap will.

A special embodiment provides the connection between the swivel mechanism the wheel sets and extending the drawbar. The drawbar end is with the Elappmechanism of the wheel sets connected in such a way that with the pivoting of the Wheelsets - at the same time the drawbar is retracted so far that the coupling is either comes to stand close to the keel or even disappears in a recess. These The recess can be closed automatically by a spring-loaded flap.

Another embodiment of the drawbar is angled at the front Tube, the coupling must then be arranged vertically. When driving on the road the drawbar is locked with the bow downwards, and when the water is moving, the Coupling swiveled 180 degrees upwards and ends directly under the bow tip of the Watercraft 0 For all of the above embodiments it is true that the wheel movement from water to road travel and vice versa electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, can be done mechanically, by hand or in combinations. A hand-operated Remote control can also be connected.

The advantages achieved by the invention are that the watercraft and special trailers form a unit and are not laboriously coupled or detached Need to become.

This unit can be used for water or road travel in just a few simple steps can be converted, even by one person2 The user becomes independent of expensive and rare berths. \ in addition, he can move the watercraft I drove home comfortably every day The watercraft takes over the function of the special trailer frame due to the static design that is required anyway.

This significantly reduces the total trailer load.

At the same time, the sea humidity is significantly increased the movable wheelsets, the bottom shape of the watercraft is aerodynamic, since no part is resisting the water. It's as fast as a pure one Water fan, so there is no difference in terms of seaworthiness to conventionally built watercraft, the economic advantages of this construction are essential.

When driving on the road, this results from the lower center of gravity of the watercraft with landing gear in one unit, compared to the watercraft on the special trailer, significantly better driving characteristics and thus increased Safety.

The invention is illustrated below in a few exemplary embodiments schematic drawings described in more detail.

They show: FIG. 1 a watercraft in side view during water travel with swiveled wheels and turned up drawbar.

Figure 2 shows the side view of a watercraft during Stra3enfahrt.mit swiveled out wheels and coupled drawbar.

FIG. 3 shows the top view in the area of the wheels in FIG.

4 shows the side view of a watercraft with two-axle pivoted landing gear and pivoting plates lying next to one another and offset wheel sets with a pivot point; FIG. 5 shows the top view of FIG. 4; and two pivot points.

Pairs of swivel plates Figure 7 shows the top view of Figure 6.

FIG. 8 shows the side view of a watercraft according to FIG. 4, however with swivel plate pairs lying one behind the other.

FIG. 9 shows the top view of FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 shows the side view of a watercraft with the receiving sockets.

FIG. 11 the same as FIG. 10, but with the wheel set pivoted up.

FIG. 12 a water vehicle with attached wheelset when driving on the road.

FIG. 13 shows a side view of a watercraft traveling on the road.

FIG. 14 shows a watercraft in water travel with a scner-like suspension Wheels.

FIG. 15 shows FIG. 14 when driving on the road.

FIG. 16 a watercraft in a view from the rear with wheelsets, which are swung out of the bottom of the watercraft.

FIG. 17 shows a watercraft in a view from the rear with wheelsets, which are pivoted out of the side wall of the watercraft figure 18 the top view of a watercraft with tail fins and built-in wheel sets (in Water) Figure 19 shows the side view of Figure 18, with dis: teckfinnen with the installed wheel sets are swiveled away for road travel.

FIG. 20 shows the side view of a watercraft in the stern area Water ride.

FIG. 21 the same watercraft as FIG. 20, but driving on the road.

Figure 22 shows a watercraft with pivoted wheel sets and resilient ones Trailing arms on the road; FIG. 23 shows a watercraft in a side view while driving on the road attached to springs with rigid trailing arms.

FIG. 24 shows a cross section through a watercraft with torsion bar suspension when driving on the road, the rider pivoting movement being coupled with the tiller movement is.

FIG. 25 shows the side view of FIG. 24 during water travel shows a watercraft on the water with a curved drawbar 1, the drawbar receiving tube 2 and the locking bolt 3.

The coupling 4 is swiveled up under the bow.

The wheel sets 5 are rotated about the pivot point 6 with the rocker plate 7 and held in this position by a lock 8. The wheel arch 9 is to the interior sealed off.

In Figure 2 is the side view of a watercraft driving on the road shown. The coupling 4 is pivoted downwards and is locked by the locking bolt 3 held. The coupling ball 10 from the motor vehicle takes the trailer coupling 4 and is locked 0 The wheel sets 5 are here by approx.

Swiveled out 180 degrees and by the tension spring 11 or compression spring 12 or by torsion bar suspension 13 at 6 resiliently mounted. On the swivel plate 7 5 splash guard boxes 14 are formed in addition to the attachment of the wheel sets.

FIG. 3 shows the top view in the area of the wheels with that to the interior 15 tight wheel arch 9.

FIG. 4 shows the side view of a watercraft with two-axle swiveled-out chassis with two swivel plates each lying next to one another 7 supported in only one pivot point 6 and wheel sets 5 arranged offset thereon.

FIG. 5 is the top view of FIG. Z with the adjacent ones Swivel plates 7.

Figure 6 is a two-axis construction with a little offset next to each other lying wheelsets 5 and two pivot points 6, the spring movement optionally by compression springs 12 of all kinds such as rubber, hydraulic, pneumatic, steel springs, torsion bar springs 13 wind recorded at the pivot point at q or tension springs 11. The pivot plates 7 are so offset in one another in the pivoted state that the bottom of the watercraft is not interrupted.

FIG. 7 shows only the top view of FIG. 6 with the respective wheelsets So 5 arranged to the right of the pivot point 6 In FIG. 8, a watercraft iit two-axle chassis shown, the swivel plates 7 one behind the other are arranged, 0 The wheel sets 5 are once to the left and once to the right of the pivot point 6 arranged. The suspension corresponds to Figure 6.

FIG. 9 shows the top view of FIG. 8 with the one behind the other Swivel plates 7.

Figure 10 is a side view of a rear half of the watercraft when traveling in water with two receiving sockets 18 which are sealed to the inside. These serve to accommodate clip-on spring-loaded wheelsets 19 with built-in springs 21.

Figure 11 shows the same boat as Figure 10, but with the swiveled up sprung wheel set 19, which is held in the retaining sleeve 20 in this position. The sprung wheel set 19 has a built-in suspension 21 and a longitudinal guide 22 and can thereby, as FIG. 12 shows, the suspension when driving on the road take up.

Figure 13 shows the wheel set 19, which is in a to the interior of the Water vehicle tight wheel arch 9 can be pivoted up about the pivot point 6 and is held in the retaining sleeve 20. When driving on the road, the sprung wheelset 19 locked by the lock 8. Here is when swiveling out the wheel set 19 the bottom flap 23 is pushed open.

The bottom flap 23 has exactly the shape of the watercraft bottom and is kept closed automatically.

FIG. 14 shows a watercraft in water travel and with it removed straight drawbar. The drawbar receiving tube 2 is at the front opening with a precisely formed closure flap 25 closed. The wheel set 5 is scissor-like suspended, with the wheel sets 5 for road travel by turning a spindle 26 can be extended through the floor. Figure 15 shows the same water fan As in FIG. 14, but when driving on the road, the straight drawbar 24 with the trailer coupling 4 is inserted and locked in the drawbar mounting tube 2. The wheel set 5 presses when extending the resiliently held up bottom flap 23. A simple suspension is for example the resilient spindle 20.

FIG. 16 shows the view of a watercraft from the rear, in which the wheel sets 5 about the pivot point 6 transversely to the direction of travel from wheel arches 28 be pivoted down from the watercraft floor 27. To cover the entire floor is an angled bottom flap when pivoting the wheel sets 5 23 with, which automatically when the wheel sets 5 are approached by the angle 29 attached completes the bottom of the watercraft. The wheel sets 5 are so on the swivel plates 7 attached so that they can absorb the spring movement when driving on the road.

FIG. 17 is a rear view of a watercraft in which the wheel sets 5 pivoted from the wheel arches 9 in the side wall by 180 degrees downwards are held around the pivot point 6 by support rods 33.

Figure 18 shows a watercraft in a plan view while sailing, in which the wheel sets 5 are housed in two tail fins 32. Those tail fins 32 as wheel arches 9, also serve as fuel protection when driving on the road.

FIG. 19 shows the side view of the watercraft according to FIG 18, but when driving on the road with the tail fins tilted 32. The adjustment of the Pike fins 32 can be made, for example, by a spindle 20, wherein the support rod 33 as a connection between the spindle nut 34 and the tail fin 32 is appropriate. The necessary suspension is provided by a compression spring 12 between the spindle nut 34 and the support rod 33 is located.

Figure 20 shows the side view of a watercraft in which the Wheelsets 5 are attached to the rear plate 35, which is designed as a swivel plate and for switching to road travel, as shown in FIG. 21, by 270 degrees around the pivot point 6 must be swiveled. Here too, the wheel arches 9 are sealed off from the interior 15 of the boat. The trailing arms 36 are in Pivot point 37 is stored, where the lock 8 of the plate 38 is attached. The pivot point 6 of the pivot plate 38 lies in the rear lower corner of the watercraft.

Figure 22 shows the arrangement of a sprung trailing arm 36, the pivoted about the pivot point 37 by about 90 degrees with the wheelset 5 when driving on the road is. In the bottom of the watercraft, the spring-loaded clamp opens at the same time as it extends Bottom flap 23, which takes over the side splash guard and at the same time at the rear with a further area in orN-a circle segment designed as a splash guard is. The trailing arms are locked by the vertical locking flap 41 when driving on the road held down. With rigid trailing arms 36, the suspension 12 can be in the locking flap 41 are placed. When traveling in water, the locking flap 41 is used to hold up the Trailing arm 36 with the wheel set 5.

FIG. 23 shows the side view of the stern of a mass vehicle Road travel, which with a set of 5 wheels on rigid, rotatably mounted trailing arms 36 fitted did. The wheel swings around the pivot point 37 in the direction of the Stüt @ linkage 33, which is mounted in the guide 42 in a spring-loaded manner. In the case of water travel is through Rotating the support rod 33, the suspension 12 is released and the trailing arm 36 with wheelset 5 lifted up and locked again by turning. The upright support rod 33 can also be designed for water ski towing or pennant poles.

FIG. 24 shows a cross section through a watercraft in the area the suspension. As the fulcrum 6 of the pivot plates 7, on which the wheel sets 5 are attached, torsion bar springs 13 are provided in the center of the watercraft are supported by the semicircular disk 43 The space 44 and the Wheel arches 9 are tight towards the interior 15 of the watercraft.

FIG. 25 shows the side view of FIG. 24, but during water travel, the drawbar 24 in particular is shown.

In a drawbar receiving tube 2, which leads to the interior 15 of the watercraft is sealed, the drawbar 24 is tightened by rotating the swivel plates 7 by approx. 180 Degrees pushed out of the recess 49 by the bolt 47 in the disk 43 that the coupling 4 can be operated for attaching en a motor vehicle. Of the The bolt 47 moves firmly in a longitudinal slot 48 with the drawbar 24 connected is. When the pivot plates 7 are pivoted in, the bolt 47 moves in the longitudinal slot 48 and thus pulls in the drawbar 24 at the same time. The disk 43 can be provided with a suitable toothing so that it can either be replaced by a Spindle 2o or by remote control is made to rotate and thus the Swiveling out the two swivel plates 7 with the wheelsets 5 and extending the Drawbar 2} 4 can be made with coupling 4. When driving on the road rests in each case the bolt 47 at the end of the longitudinal.

slot 48 and transmits the spring vibrations completely without to load the adjusting device 26. Also the forces exerted by the drawbar Road travel on the watercraft will occur due to braking or pulling Transferred through the longitudinal slot 48 to the bolt 47.

Claims (1)

Claims 1) Watercraft with undercarriage for overland transport in a combination, characterized in that wheel sets on the watercraft equipped with a drawbar are arranged pivotable, lowerable or attachable, the bottom contour is not interrupted during water travel and can have any shape, and the drawbar is arranged retractable, removable or pivotable. 2) Watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Wheel sets (5) are mounted on a swivel plate (7) and rotated through 90 to 270 degrees, preferably by 180 degrees, in the direction of travel from the wheel arches (9), which are tight towards the interior (15) can be swiveled out. 3) watercraft according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that Wheel sets (5) on four swivel plates (7) in pairs next to each other in a pivot point (o) or laterally offset or swiveled out one behind the other in two pivot points (o) with the function of a double axis. 43 Watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Spring-loaded wheel sets (19) with two or more socket pins in the mounting sockets (18) can be inserted and locked in the side wall / ues watercraft-ages. When traveling in water, these wheel sets (19) can be removed or placed around the upper receptacle (18) by approx. Pivoted 90 degrees and through the holding socket (20) in a horizontal position Position to be held. 5) Watercraft according to claim 1 and 4, characterized in that the sprung wheel sets (19) are mounted in inwardly sealed wheel arches (9) and When swiveling out, press on the automatically closed bottom flap (23). 6) Watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Wheel sets (5) can be extended or retracted by means of scissor-like wheel suspensions (17). 7) watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Swivel direction of the wheel sets (5) transversely to the direction of travel by 30 to 200 degrees left or right around a pivot point (6) near the outer lower side edge of the watercraft. B) watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Wheel arches (9) as tail fins (32) together with the wheel sets (5) fastened therein in the rear area be folded down by 20 to 20 degrees, preferably 90 degrees, these as tail fins (32) protrude at the rear or end with the stern plate (35) of the watercraft. 9) watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Wheel sets (5) by 0 to 360 degrees, preferably 270 degrees n a pivot point (-) at the outermost lowest point can be pivoted with the rear plate (35). 10). Watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the Wheel suspension is carried out by trailing arms (30), which are either designed to be resilient on their own sird or obtained springs (12) built in during the pivoting movement. 11) watercraft according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that that the adjustment of the wheel sets (5) hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically, mechanically, is carried out by hand or in combinations 12) Watercraft according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the S @@ lowering plates (@) @@ er F @ thanks flap (23) or the tail fin (32) or the rear plate (35) in the closed state the Lodenfo @@ or Außenko @@@@ des Wasswefs @ rzeugs has. 13) watercraft according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that that the trailer drawbar (24) with coupling (4) in a receiving tube (2) in the watercraft is stored and locked by locking bolts (3), (47). Can be used for water travel the drawbar (24) can be removed completely or pushed in as far as the keel even disappear in a recess (49) in the keel. A closure flap (25) or The cover closes the recess (49). 14) watercraft according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that that the drawbar (1) is rotatably mounted and the coupling (4) when driving on the road vertically from the trailer coupling (10) and when driving in water by swiveling stands 180 degrees at the tip of the bow or disappears in a recess. 15) Wasserfahrze @ according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that that the extension of the drawbar (1) or (24) is coupled with he wheel movement.