DE1769671A1 - Layers and slabs of bituminous compounds reinforced with synthetic threads and methods of their manufacture - Google Patents

Description

DR. ELISABETH JUNG, DR. VOLKER VOSSIUS, DIPL.-ING. GERHARD ~ COLDEWEY

MÖNCHEN 23 · SI EG ESSTRASSE 26 · TELEFON 3450 67 ■ TELEGRAM ADDRESS: INVENT / MDNCHEN

u.z .: AEtT 1155 (Pi / J / eb) 2 June 6, 1968

Algemene Kimstzi ^ äe VSnIe NV «
Arnhera, Netherlands

Layers and panels reinforced with synthetic threads from bitumen masses and processes for their production

Priority: June 29, 1967, the Netherlands Registration No.! 67-09049

The invention relates to a method for producing bitumen layers reinforced with synthetic threads these types are already known. An important problem with One such method is to ensure a sufficiently high level of adhesion between the reinforcing fabric and the to achieve the bitumen surrounding it. To solve this problem it has already been suggested to use adjuvants, e.g. light hydrocarbon fractions, solar oil or heating oil, when the reinforcement is made of coconut fiber.

Ee has now been found that when the amphibious material is out threads or yarns based on synthetic linear polycondensation products there is adhesion between bitumen and reinforcement fabric can be increased considerably if you use a very special auxiliary

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borrowed from the auxiliary substances mentioned above.

Bio invention is characterized in that the layers and slabs of biturn maize using TallÖlhar « as a bonding agent between the bitumen and the reinforcement thread are reinforced with threads made of synthetic linear polycondensation products.

For the purposes of the invention, bitumen is to be understood as meaning the substances referred to in English literature as "asphaltic bitumen" or bitumen as defined in "The Petroleum Handbook", published in 1948 by "The Shell Petroleum Company Limited" (vargl. Page 549) · The term asphalt should also have the meaning defined in the given literature reference.

Bituminous layers or panels are products in which threads of the type mentioned above form a reinforcement of a layer of bitumen or asphalt. Ozokerlt is also described under bitumen , to understand.

For the purposes of the invention, the bitumen layer with organic substances such as wood flour or cork flour and also with inorganic fillers may be mixed with a particle size of less than 0.074 mm. The expression "linear polyconolation products" is intended to encompass the thread-forming polyamides which can be produced from lactams, especially caprolactam, or diamines and dicarboxylic acids, especially hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, as well as the polyesters produced from terephthalic acid

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or their ester-forming derivatives and glycols can be prepared, in particular polyethylene terephthalate. It should be added that the terms "polyamides x ¹ and" polyesters "include not only homopolymers but also copolymers.

Under thread bind both twisted and untwisted multifilament yarns, Monofilament, spun yarns and more Understand fibers. In the method according to the invention, the threads serving all reinforcing elements can be used in loose form, in particular in the form of fibers. Will fibers used, eo they can be mixed with the bitumen or the asphalt before the mass is formed into a surface layer, e.g. a road surface or a layer of dyke cladding or is formed into plates. The threads and fibers can, however, also be used in the forest of woven or active substances or in the form of bound or non-bonded nonwovens are used «Preference is given to using fabrics made from continuous filament yarns. In In the cases mentioned above, the threads and fibers can consist entirely of synthetic linear polycondensation products, such as polyamides and / or polyesters, or with Threads made of another material, e.g. glass, cotton or regenerated cellulose, can be mixed.

If a woven or active substance is used as a reinforcing material , the type of product to be reinforced determines the degree of denier of the yarn to be used and the thread count in the woven or active substance. '*'

For fabric sun reinforcement of asphalt oases are preferred

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Multifilament yarns based on synthetic linear Polycondensation products with a relatively high denier, e.g. 1000 or more, and a denier des Single thread of 3 used. If necessary, they can The yarns to be used consist of yarns twisted together with a low denier «To improve the Adhesion between the woven or active substance and the Aephaltstoff v / earths preferably wide-meshed fabrics are used. Examples of such fabrics are woven fabrics that contain four warp and contain four wefts. Opposite to have active ingredients Woven fabrics have the advantage that they can be kept under tension more easily while they are being put into the asphalt mass embeds. By pre-tensioning the reinforcing fabric this reduces the risk of pebbles forming in the reinforced facings and slabs. In this regard it was further found that the best results are obtained when the fabric used for reinforcement consists of threads, which have a relatively low elongation.

For strengthening the bitumen layers that are used in large pools are used for Dachdeoken, are preferably used denser woven fabrics.

The aid used to improve adhesion can be used can be added in various ways. It is important that (! Let the tall oil resin soak on the contact surface at this point the threads and the bitumen or Aephalt mass is available, when the bitumen or the asphalt solidifies.

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This can basically be achieved in different ways, for example by adding the resin to the bitumen or Asphalt mass or by using it as reinforcement elements serving threads before embedding with the resin, cooled »

The latter method gives satisfactory adhesion and is more economical in that it requires less tall oil hair will.

The tall oil resin used according to the invention forms the resin acid fraction of tall oil from which the Hares is fractionated Distillation can be separated. Tall oil itself is a by-product of the manufacture of sulphate pulp

Tall oil resin also includes those containing tall oil resins To understand mixtures that still have the adhesion-improving effect of the tall oil resin »As a rule, such mixtures contain at least 20 Uevr» - ^ Tall oil resin »The specified minimum content depends largely on the type of the remaining part of the vegetable patch than 50 ^.

The physical and chemical properties and composition of tall oil resins vary somewhat depending on their origin. In general, the softening point is around 73 ^° C

appears as if the tall oil resin is being processed

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of hot asphalt, ^{carried out at temperatures above 10O 0} O, improves the flow of the asphalt on the surface of the reinforcement, this flow stopping completely when the mass cools ^{below 70 0 C.} This flow in turn improves the impregnation of the reinforcing material so that better adhesion is obtained. Surprisingly and inexplicably, the adhesion of the asphalt to the synthetic linear condensation products is also improved.

To achieve the best possible adhesion, it is advisable to coat the threads used as reinforcement with non-permanent tall oil resin. Preferably at least 30 dew. -4> unmixed tall oil resin, based on the weight of the threads, is used. The resin is most expediently applied to the threads by impregnating the threads with resin or spraying them with a solution or dispersion, for example an aqueous dispersion, of tall oil resin.

Suitable solvents for tall oil resin are triohloroethylene and perehloroethylene.

In order for the resin solution to be sufficiently thin, tall oil resin solutions in trichlorethylene are preferably used Part by weight of TriehloräthyIeη contain per part by weight of tall oil resin.

Such solutions have a sufficiently high viscosity in order to sure to «share that under the usual working conditions

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enough resin is applied to the threads.

The resin can be applied to the threads in different stages of work be applied, namely before or after the threads to Tissues are processed, in which form, as mentioned above, they are preferably used.

After applying the resin to the threads, the solvent dispersant must be removed, e.g. by evaporation.

The solvent, preferably trichlorethylene, can be completely removed, but the drying process will be preferably carried out in such a way that a few percent of the solvent still remains in the resin Resin avoided and prevents the heart from the threads splintered

Instead of impregnation, sprinkling can also be used to ensure that sufficient tall oil resin is present on the surface of the threads at the moment of setting. The strings can be sprinkled with pure tall oil resin or with a mineral carrier material which is impregnated with tall resin "

In the latter method, organic must be produced that the resin is evenly distributed over the fabric «

The following Yerglelchsversuche illustrate the effect achieved according to the invention.

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7.25 wt .- # of a bitumen with a penetration of 67 are ■ ν at 170 ί 5 ⁰ O with 45 wt .- # street grit 2/5, 39.75 wt .- # sand and 8 wt .- ^ medium-fine filler mixed. 20 '? ■> of the sand pass through a sieve with a mesh size of? _f 4 mm and are held back by a sieve with a mesh size of 0.42. 45 Φ paseieren dae sieve having a mesh width of 0.42 mm creased and be retained on a sieve with 0.175 mm clear Ifaschenweite and 35 $> Ietetgenannte pass the sieve and are retained on a sieve with O _v O75 min lights Maochenweite. The filler passes completely through a sieve having O _t O75 mm liohter Masehenweite.

At 145 - 5 ° C nine 1400 heavy samples of the mass obtained are pressed onto plates with the dimensions 15 χ 30 µm and rounded corners.

After the plates have cooled, three of them are sprinkled uniformly with 5.5 g of dry tall oil hair and three more with the same amount of montan resin. An asphalt varnish of the type commonly used as a binding agent in road construction is applied to the remaining three panels. One carries much asphalt coating on the panels that 7 g of solids remaining on each plate. The tall oil hair used has the following properties?

Erweichungepunkt 73.5 ⁰ O

Saponification number 174

Acid 158

Resin acid content 61 5 »

Unsaponifiable 5.5 #.

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The montan resin used has the following properties * Freezing point 75 - 76 ⁰ C
Acid number 30-40
Hardening number 55 - 65.

Polyäthylentorepnthalatgarne are then placed at intervals of 2.5 cm stretched lengthways across the panels

Each of the threads was twisted with 45 Z turns per Meters of three 1000 denier polyethylene terephthalate filaments, the consist of 192 single threads and have a twist of 70 S twists per meter.

A top layer of 2100 g of the asphalt maize described above is pressed onto each of the panels with the yarn threads stretched over them at 145-5 ° C. The compression is carried out in such a way that the plate does not contain more than 1 f> cavities.

The plates obtained in this way are cooled, after which one transversely to the direction of the thread on the sides 4 om sawn off.

The sawn off blocks are dated into an Instron draw knife Type ORB (Constant Hate of Elongation) clamped, whereupon a tensile force is applied to the thread ends. The train speed is 2 cm per minute.

It is measured at the high stiffness, the one at the thread ends occurs. This maximum pull is a measure of the liability of the Yarn in the asphalt maaae.

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In the panels made using tall oil resin the maximum pull for 40 tensile tests is between 14 and 18 Kp.

For panels made using montan resin, the maximum tensile strength is between 8 and 9 Kp. ^

In the case of the panels made with the help of the asphalt varnish the maximum tensile values are between 4 and 5

The particularly good adhesion between threads or fibers made of synthetic linear polycondensation products and Asphalt or bitumen which can be obtained through the use of tall oil resin is of particular concern to that different branches of the construction industry.

In the manufacture of roof cladding material and building panels, where synthetic thread material used to be used Reinforcing was used, the use of tall oil resin leads to a considerable improvement in the achievable Strength.

The progress that can be made in road construction is even greater. In the road surface, due to form in many places a soft substructure or the curvature of the road surface Jumps. The cracks lead to accelerated wear and tear. Embedding tissues can be beneficial in this regard impact, however, have so far been due to the inadequate Adhesion between the threads and the asphalt is particularly favorable

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Results not yet achieved. Duroh aie use of Tall oil resin improves the adhesion considerably. That the following practical example illustrates the invention.

example

To make a reinforced asphalt road endolw will be on a ground made of mechanically compacted sand, a 7 cm thick base layer made of asphalt made of grit »sand, fine filler and bitumen 80/100 rolled on · The mineral mixture contained in the asphalt had the following composition s

50 wt .- ^ pass through a sieve with 32 mm clear width and are retained by a sieve with an inner mesh size of 2.4 mm;

40 wt .- # pass through a sieve with a mesh size of 2.4 mm and are held by a sieve with a 0.075 mm clear width held back; 5 wt .- # pass through a sieve with 0.075 mm clear Masohenwelte.

The bitumen content of the asphalt is 5 »5 wt .- ^ t, based on on the weight of the mineral substances "

An adhesive layer of an anionic 50 $ Lgen bitumen emulsion is applied to the base layer with 40 wt. - # Tallölharss finished fabric rolled out will.

The fabric, which is made of polyethylene terephthalate, is

plain weave and tear four warp and four weft threads per em

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The warp and weft threads each consist of ewei streok twisted 1000 denier yarns (210 single threads), which are twisted together with 70 Z twists per a. The reed ear lump of the yarn is 8 to 9 f · The fabric is stretched and nailed in the longitudinal and transverse direction

After the bitumen emulsion has broken, 2 become 7 each strong Layers of asphalt are applied to the base surface one after the other and rolled · For these two layers of asphalt the same asphalt mass used as described above. The application of the asphalt mass is carried out at one temperature from 145 - 5 ° C. A 50 # anionic bitumen emulsion is then applied to this base. After this emulsion has been broken, a 4 cm thick binder layer is rolled up. The blinder mass consists of Grit, sand and a medium-fine filler as well as bitumen 80/100. The mixture of minerals in this BlnderaassV is like follows susamcengesotstt

70 Gew * -J (pass through a sieve with 16 mm clear mesh size and are fed by a sieve with 2.4 mm clear Hasohenwelte Office held {

25 wt .- ^ pass through a sieve with 2.4 mm liohter Masohenweite and used by a sieve with 0.075 at liohter Itasohenweite eurüokgehalt s \

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5 wt .- ^ pass through a sieve with 0.075 mm clear mesh size «

The slender mass of biturns is 80/100 5.5% by weight, based on the weight of the minerals. A bitumen emulsion is applied to the binder layer, which forms an adhesive layer on which a woven fabric is applied made of the same material as the first fabric and covered with a 50% bitumen emulsion.

After breaking the bitumen emulsion becomes 4 cm thick Top layer applied from an Aaphalt & asse, which is made from Grit 5/15, grit 2/5, sand, a medium-fine filler and bitumen 80/100 consists

The mineral content of this asphalt lake is as follows

put together

35 wt .- $ t pass through a sieve with a 16 mm clear masohen width and are τοη a sieve with 5.6 mm clear Masohenweit ·

Eurttek held}

22 wt * -g (pass through a sieve with 5.6 «m liohtor Masohenwvite and are τοη a sieve with 2.4 mm liohter Masohenreite euro held;

35 wt .- ^ pass through a sieve with 2.4 mm thin masohenwtite and are τοη a sieve with 0.075 mn liohter Kasohenweit · surüokhaltens

8 Otw. J * patel a sieve with 0.075 mm long Jüasohenwelte.

The asphalt * ·· * contains 7.2 wt .- ^ bitumen 60/100, sucked

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on the Mineraletoffgemison. The asphalt is at a Processed at a temperature of 150 - 5 ° C.

To produce this road surface, all layers of fabric are used used · However, more or fewer layers of fabric can also be used. The reinforcement fabric can be embedded in the road surface in different places, or »an can build the road surface on a fabric underlay.

In the latter case, the vehicles carrying the penal building material can use the fabric instead of the previous ones drive used metal strips. You swisohen adhesive strength the fabric and the hair is high enough to withstand this stress, among other things.

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Claims (1)

Λ 7 69 67 Γ Claims 1. A process for the production of old synthetic threads reinforced layers and plates from bitumen masses, characterized in that the layers and plates using Tallölhart as an adhesion promoter between the bitumen and the reinforcement threads reinforced with threads made of synthetic linear polycondensation products will" 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that reinforcing thread made of polyalkylene terephthalate uses will. 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that sum reinforcing fabrics are used. 4-. Process according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the threads used for reinforcement are also used Tall oil resin coats before being in Be brought into contact. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that At least the reinforcement threads with / 30 Oew.-jC tall oil resin on the weight of the threads to be coated. 6. The method according to claim A or 5, daduroh characterized in that the reinforcing thread with a solution of tall oil resin 109838/1651 oR ^ ν au ^ '-' ^tü treated in trichlorethylene and then dried « 109838/1651