DE1767885A1 - Method and device for bleaching cellulose and cellulose-containing fiber - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVOCATE !?

DR. MOLLER-BORE DIPL-ING. GRALFf DR. MANfTZ · DR. DEUFEL

8 MÖNCHEN 22. ROeERT-KOCH-STR 1 TELEPHONE 225110

D / hr - P 838

June f988

Pulp and Paper Hesearch Institute of Ganada "Pointe Claire, Que. / Canada,

Process and device for bleaching cellulosic and cellulosic pulp "

The invention relates to the treatment of Cellulosefaeersto.ff or cellulosic! Pulp, in particular wood pulp, with a gaseous agent, in particular the comminution of the fibrous cellulosic substance or cellulosic substance for use in particular in a multi-stage bleaching process in which it is brought into contact with a gaseous reagent.

In conventional practice, unbleached wood pulp is used bleached by successively, with reagents in

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aqueous solution is treated; The order in which the reagents are added is usually the following: chlorine, fluoride hydroxide and then chlorine dioxide.

In the aforementioned multi-step process, therefore, there is the first Operation for the removal of lignin and other IxUpraetanten, which usually the digestion (cooking) and a subsequent T.'aschatufe with Kraft-, Hatrön- or Sulphite process follows, in the treatment of the substance in aqueous suspension with elemental chlorine in solution in the aqueous phase. This operation is the first step in almost all wood pulp bleaching processes. Chloi. »Dioaqrd is sometimes used in this first stage with chlorine and sometimes it replaces the chlorine

The chlorination of the bleached fabric changes that Μgnin impurities in such a way that they become partially waeeerlöelioh, while not easily from that in water soluble fraction a part in alkaline solutions, such as dilute solutions of sodium hydroxide, Natriuaealflt or ammonia, löelioh Will. Substance that has been treated See the lignin contamination in waeeer and diluted Make alkali soluble, especially fabric that comes with smocks,

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How chlorine, chlorine dioxide and the oxides of nitrogen have been treated is commonly referred to as pre-treated fabric, and after the pre-treated fabric has been washed with water, it is extracted with a warm or hot solution of an alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, to remove To cause impurities that are insoluble in water alone. Hie extraction of the pretreated mechanical pulps with sodium hydroxide is generally carried out at a pulp consistency of 10 bis 14 f "at 40 to 70 ⁰ C with a Yerweilzeit from 60 to 120 minutes,"

After extraction of the pretreated substance with Hatriumhydroxyd and the subsequent SEN the washing, the substance is the extracted material with chlorine dioxide, generally "at a St of f koneist enz 6-15 $> and a temperature of 65 to 75 ⁰ C in a residence time of 3 "to 5 hours.

These three stages are multi-stage for almost all «! Lead earthroat applied, although many amendments were borrowed of the stages are possible. For example let in fabrics, which are made from certain types of Holse, between the Extraction with sodium hydroxide and the chlorine dioxide treatment, a treatment with sodium or calcium hypochlorite is desirable. "

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Dioxide treatment usually repeated, with an extraction " stage is inserted between the two stages of chlorine dioxide oxidation »

Regardless of the number of stages, the three treatments of the fabric are, as mentioned, in the form of a suspension at fabric consistencies that vary between 3 and 15 $> and in times that vary from 30 minutes to about 5 hours and at temperatures between ambient temperature and about 75 ⁰ O carried out. Due to the low consistency of the wood pulp to be treated with the reagent in the multistage bleaching processes mentioned above, the reaction rates are low and the residence times in each stage are therefore long. This results in bulky equipment, excessive material in the process, difficulty in controlling large span ranges, and waste of chemicals that are consumed in secondary reactions that do not contribute to the overall multi-step bleaching process. As stated in Canadian patents 733 012 and 752 864 and the Canadian patent applications 940 952 of September 20, 1965 and 988 of April 20, 1967, it has been found that by carrying out the treatment of wood pulp it is, for example, chlorine, chlorine dioxide or ammonia high fabric

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Consistency in the range from about 15 to 60 $ by comminuting the substances with a high consistency into porous aggregates that are accessible to gas, and by treating the substance with gaseous reagents instead of aqueous solutions of these reagents, the reaction times can be greatly reduced , the consumption of chemicals can be reduced and the yield of the bleached fabric can be increased.

In particular in. The Canadian patent applications described 940,952 and 988'372 a process for the treatment of wood pulp, which is the substance in the form of shredded moist flake at a consistency which conveniently ?? i 8sig between 20 and 60 "is to pass through a first zone of an atmosphere that contains chlorine in an amount - in excess of the possible amount of chlorine that reacts with the "substance," the residence tent of the fluffy substance \

and maintained within the first zone such that less than dl · possible amount of chlorine _f is aufgenonmen zweckmäesig50 to 65 £ is possible amount of chlorine through the flaky material, the Verweilzelt is advantageously of the order of 20 seconds to 5 minutes "and the flocculent material including the captured chlorine continuously through a second zone of a practically chlorine-free atmosphere

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Feed in such a way that the unreacted amount of absorbed chlorine can be removed from the fluffy substance possible amount of chlorine »as it is in these Canadian Patent applications and defined here is the total amount of chlorine, which with the lignin and other incruetanten in the wood pulp, determined by the usual and recognized Test methods, respond.

Oanadl's patent specification 752 864 describes a process for ammonium extraction from pretreated wood pulp, ie wood pulp which is pretreated with agents such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide and the oxides of nitrogen. They sea method comprising the action of an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia, at a temperature of about 60 to 100 ° 0 "at a dwell It Ton about 1 to 30 minutes for a serkleinerten flaky pretreated fabric at a consistency of 15 to 60 Jf ₀

Finally, in Canadian patent 733,012 a method for the treatment of unbleached or partially bleached wood pulp described, which consists in on comminuted fluffy wood pulp with a consistency of 30 to 40 Jt chlorine dioxide gas, which with an inert gaseous diluent to a partial pressure of chlorine oxide

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diluted by no more than 100 ram Hg, ^{allow to act at temperatures from 65 to 10O 0} O for a period of 5 to 30 minutes while the pH range of the mixture is controlled so that the final pH value is in the range of 3.5 to 6.5. The reaction of chlorine dioxide with lignin gives strong acids all by-products, which tends to lower the pH-value to rather low values, and so reduce the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide as a bleaching agent. "? As stated in this patent," it is preferred to incorporate a buffering agent such as a mild alkali or alkali salt of a weak acid into the fabric prior to contact with the chlorine dioxide gas. "

It has now been found that to achieve the full gate parts the gas phase reaction in the multi-stage bleaching of cellulose pulp, the comminution of the substance for Formation of the fluff must be of a special kind so that fragments result which are independent its size is low in density and porous through and through Have structure and practically free from any strong compressed parts, i.e. compact! fibers. Only when this form of shredded material is reached, the gaseous heating components can all!

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Reach crushed fragments of material and thus ensure that the reaction of the gaseous reactant with the fluffy fabric runs off quickly and evenly.

With an existing device to carry out the comminution of high consistency cellulose pulp with the formation of fluffy substance

a; either the material to be shredded on a stationary DeAl is worn, and the material is subjected to the action of moving parts, which extend over and in large cows s-u move the stationary parts and thereby dan material mainly by Seherun, * crushing, or b ^ the material to be shredded sswischea a two sets of parts constrained, one or both of which move close to one another, and between which the fabric of a bond is subjected.

For both types of devices, the fabric is additionally to a certain extent a localized, very high pressure due to the small clearance subjected between the shearing parts. This pressure effect is disadvantageous because at least part of the crushed Cellulose is highly compacted, i.e. in shape of highly compressed fiber bundles, and thus for

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the gaseous reagent impenetrable and also difficult to redisperse in water. is,

According to the invention is therefore in the treatment of fibrous cellulose fabric, with the fabric in flaky pom at a high consistency of more than 15 # with a gaseous reagent is brought into contact, “nasty substance at the stated consistency and before being brought together crushed with the gaseous reagent so that it has a practically uncompacted, porous, flaky structure has low density.

According to a particularly taisführungsform of the invention, preferred is in the multi-stage bleaching of cellulose pulp, said fabric WITA brought at least in a Stufβ in flocculent form at a consistency of greater al · 15 £ with a gaseous reagent into contact ₉ of the cloth at this consistency and before on contact with the gaseous reagent so comminuted that it is a practically uncompacted, partially flaky, low-density structure " ^: ". '

In order to use the shredded cellulose fiber for »

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multi-stage. To obtain bleaching process according to the invention, we4 the cellulose fiber fcoff, in particular wood pulp, with a consistency of more than $ 15 »in particular with a consistency between $ 15 and $ 60>, if necessary after dewatering to this consistency, fed to a comminution device in which im In contrast to the conventional disc or haramer mills, the material with high consistency is not supported (does not lie on top of it) and rarest broken open by Zontakt ait radially spaced cracks which are attached to a rotating shaft, so that practically no local compression of the material and thus formation of compressed paper bundles takes place

The present invention also provides an apparatus for comminuting cellulose pulp, such as wood pulp Formation of a practically uncompacted, porous, low-density material, referred to here as a fluffy material which is a horizontal cylindrical housing * a Y.'elle, which is arranged rotatably practically aehsial to this housing, the shaft extending radially several has crusher parts arranged in the circumference and along the length, which end shortly before this housing and a. distance leave in between, include instructions for introduction of the substance in the housing in the vicinity of the upper part

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the same xxiö. Auslaßeinrichbungen for removing dee crushed flaky substance In Hachbarsohaft contains the same to the floor. These inlet devices expediently encompass a cover which practically extends over the full length of the housing in order to allow the material of high consistency to enter under the force of gravity to all parts of the housing

Housing to facilitate, and the outdoor facilities Umfae.sea further expediently several, longitudinally spaced slots, which extend circumferentially around the bottom part of the housing e! ", The width of the slots can be adjusted appropriately by means of a screen or a Schietei3 , which is located near the bottom of the geliäu.se »whereby this diaphragm (which could also be referred to as a sleeve or sleeve) can be moved in the longitudinal direction of this housing, and contains several longitudinally arranged slots, which with the slots interact in the housing.

The improved fluff according to the invention can be used in any one of the stages of a multi-stage bleaching process to produce a bleached cellulosic fibrous fabric using a high consistency stock of at least 15 '4 and a gaseous reactant. In ε especially can, the substance in the initial treatment

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• ι- 12

of the v! bb flat substance from the cooking stage of the? 3 Kraft-J latron or sulphite process can be used »in which the substance with a consistency of at least 15 # is treated with gaseous chlorine or gaseous chlorine dioxide or a mixture thereof»

According to a particular embodiment of the invention is therefore a multi-stage bleaching a Cellulosefaeerstoffes, wherein the substance in flocculent form at a consistency of treated zweckinässig 15 to 60 $ with gaseous chlorine over 15 i * and the fact that the cloth at this consistency and before being wringed together, it is comminuted with the gaseous reagent so that it has a practically uncompacted, porous, flaky structure of low density.

In particular, the present invention provides a chlorination process! wherein the fluff is continuously fed to a first zone in which it is with a Atmosphere is brought into contact, which over he closes! ge ß Contains chlorine, the residence time of this fluff in this first zone is so limited that less than the possible amount of chlorine absorbed by the fluff, and the fluff including that absorbed

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Chlorine is passed through a second zone, where the unreacted chlorine can react with the fluffy substance. Thus, the wood pulp is first comminuted to a consistency of 15 to 50 $ according to the method of the invention of a dispersion of fibers and fiber aggregates, and the The material obtained in this way in the form of moist, comminuted, practically uncompacted "flake" is continuously passed through a zone with an atmosphere which contains an excess of chlorine gas or chlorine gas diluted with air, the dwell time in the cell being so limited that Less than the possible amount of chlorine is absorbed by the fluff; the dwell time is usually on the order of 20 seconds to 5 minutes, and the chlorine absorbed by the fluff is usually 50 to 85% of the possible amount of chlorine. The fluff including the chlorine absorbed in the first zone becomes then led continuously through a wide area where the flook The unreacted chlorine accompanying the substance is removed by a gentle stream of air in the vicinity of the substance, xm. pretreated pulp zn produce. The material treated is then conveniently washed, extracted with an alkaline reagent , the extracted material washed, oxidized with chlorine dioxide and washed again. TIn get completely fuel or liatron material au, know who

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so washed half-bleached fabric with an alkaline Extracted reagent, washed again, with chlorine dioxide oxidized and finally meshed.

If chlorine dioxide is used in the multi-stage bleaching process to pretreat the washed, cooked wood pulp of high consistency, which usually comes from the digestion stage of the kraft, soda or sulphite process, the washed wood pulp is in the form of moist, flaky material with a consistency of 20 to 60 $> treated with chlorine dioxide, with the night reactive gas, such as air, nitrogen or steam, is diluted, although qnd with a Yerweilzait, which is 20 seconds to minutes is generally gröBsenordnungsmässig ,, at a temperature which varies usually between 15 and 10O ⁰ C . Following the pretreatment stage with chlorine dioxide, the fabric is washed, treated with an alkaline reagent in order to effect extraction therefrom, treated by chlorine dioxide oxidation, washed and treated with a further alkaline extraction and finally washed and treated with chlorine dioxide oxidation. All Chlordicxydcxydationen in this multi-stage bleaching process can be prepared using dee comminuted material according to the invention are carried out ·

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Acc another Ausführungsforia the invention, the pretreated fa sr strength cellulosic material or eelluloeehaltige iäaterial according to the invention crushed and extracted by contact with a gaseous alkaline reagent, in particular ammonia zweekmässig at a temperature of from 60 to '100 ⁰ C. According to a particular Ausfünrungsform the Invention is therefore a pretreated fluffy wood pulp with a consistency between 15 and 60 i » duroh heating to a temperature of 60 to 100 ⁰ C ,, exposure to a gaseous ammonia-containing atmosphere for a reaction time of about 1 to 30 minutes on the heated substance and maintaining the reaction temperature during this contact, in the range of 60 to 10O ⁰ C extracted "Thus, the washed pretreated substance to Faber aggregates, generally a consistency between 15 and 40 $, crushed, the fiber aggregates are heated to a temperature generally in the range from 60 to 100 ⁰ C * preheated, the preheated fiber aggregates are exposed to an atmosphere containing ammonia diluted with steam, air, nitrogen or other non-reactive gas, for a reaction time that is generally of the order of magnitude about 1 to 30 minutes. After the reaction with ammonia, the treated substance is washed, oxidized with chlorine dioxide, washed, with a

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alkaline "ReagerxH" treated »waxed, with chlorine dioxide treated and continued to grow.

In the ChiordioxydOxydation of the fabric subsequent to the alkaline Extraktionestufe of the pretreated substance, the Kontafcizeit is gstvöhnlich 5 to 45 minutes, "and the l'emperature is zweckraäcsig in the range from 65 to 100 ⁰ C. In order to further consider the acidic substances au, which by treatment of alkaline extracted substance are formed with the chlorine dioxide, the pH value of the mixture is controlled in such a way that the final pH value is roughly in the range between 3, 5 and 6 ... 3, usually by adding an alka34 .see. Means to the substance,

Gemäf a further embodiment of the invention is a multi-stage bleaching a "Cellulosefaeeretoffes is an extracted with alkali flaky vprbehan $ elttn wood st of ι at a consistency of 20 to 40 $> with a mixture of Chlordioxydga" and an inert _{TerdÜnnungsgas?} so that the partial pressure of the Chloi-dioxydgasee is not more than 100 mm Hg, for- a period of 5 hie 45 minutes at a 'temperature of from about 65 to 100 ⁰ C in the presence of a puff "rungsiaittels to maintain a" pH ~ ¥ ertes of the substance during the reaction in the range of

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3j5 "'; generally 6 _$ 5 to bring together» Then the fabric can be washed »

If, in the multi-stage bleaching process mentioned above, chlorine dioxide is used to further free lignin from a wood pulp that has been partially freed from lignin,
the substance treated with chlorine dioxide is then thoroughly washed and then washed with an alkaline reagent
extracted "washed again" further with chlorine dioxide or another oxidizing agent, treated and finally washed ₀

It can be seen that the pretreatment of the cellulose
fiber it off with chlorine or ChIo dioxydj, the chile as end extraction with ammonia and the subsequent oxidation
with chlorine dioxide and extraction ^mi:; Ammonia all © can be carried out according to the method of the invention in a multi-stage bleaching process.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment

finding includes the multi-stage bleaching of

CeIl- ¹ Il eyelet fabric following steps: bags of cooked Cellu losefaserstoffeg, drainage of the substance to a.

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from 15 to 60 ^c />, comminution of the substance so that a practically undisturbed porous flaky structure of low density results, continuous introduction of the flaky substance63 into a zone with an atmosphere which contains an excess of chlorine gas or chlorine gas diluted with air Residence time in the zone such that less than the possible amount of chlorine is taken up by the flocculent material, continuous passing of the flocculent material including the taken up chlorine through a second zone with a practically chlorine-free atmosphere, washing of the pretreated material, dewatering of the pre-treated fabric to a consistency of 15 to 40 H _9. Comminution of the washed fabric at this consistency in such a way that a practically undeserved, porous, flaky structure of low density results, preheating of the flaky fabric to a temperature generally in the range of 60 to 100 ⁰ C, exposure to an atmosphere, the gaseous aaaonia, diluted with steam, air, nitrogen or another inert gas, for a reaction time, which is generally of the order of magnitude of 1 to 30 minutes, on the preheated substance, while the temperature is kept in the range of 60 to 100 ^° C. during the reaction time, rapid dee fabric, drainage of the washed fabric to a consistency

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from 20 to 40 ⁰ C, comminution of the substance, so that a practically non-compacted porous flaky structure of low density results, action of chlorodicecyd gas, which eats diluted with an inert Yerdünnyngsgaa to a partial pressure of chlorine dioxide of not more than 100 in Hg, to thereby control for a period of from 5 "to 45 minutes at a temperature of 65 to -TOO ⁰ G on the flaky substance, wherein the substance contains an alkaline agent, the pE value of the mixture so that the final pH Value is in the range of 3 »5 to 6.5, and 7a seeing the oxidized substance«

The order of the treatments can of course vary will; a conventional hypochlorite treatment can be inserted between the ammonia treatment and chlorine dioxide treatment The result can be after the first chlorine dioxide stage in the case of easily leadable substances such as suIfitstoif » be ended, or alternatively, in the case of fuel, the sequence can be correspondingly after the first chlorine dioxide stage can be broken off to produce semi-bleached fabric.

In the following, for a better explanation of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. Ee significant

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1. It is a partially broken off secondary cut a shredding device to prevent the flaky Substance as required in the process of the invention

Figure 2 is a section along lines 2-2 of Figure 1j

I ⁵ Ig ₉ 3 is a flow diagram for Durohf ührung the multi-stage bleaching process according to a "preferred embodiment of the invention;

. 4 int a vertical schematic sectional detail of the reaction! «vessel for pretreating the substance with chlorine gas"

Pig «, 5 is a vertical, thematic detail of the reaction vessel! for the oxidation of the extracted, pretreated substance with chlorine dioxide.

In Pige 1 un <3 2, the shredding device comprises a trouser housing 1 _f in which a shaft 2 is rotatably arranged axially and is driven by an electric motor (not drawn). Arranged on the skin 2 are several breaker parts 3 which are arranged at a distance in the circumferential and longitudinal direction and which are expediently in the form of pins, can be straight or curved in the direction of movement or can have straight and curved parts. the

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Ends of the pins 5 can expediently be pointed to the breaking action on the one introduced into the housing 1 To enlarge wood pulp with high consistency. The housing 1 is closed at each end by end walls, which Have bearings (not shown) for storing the shaft 2. The housing 1 has several longitudinally arranged and slots 4p extending in the circumferential direction which span about the lower half of the circumference of the housing. In contact with the inner surface of the housing 1 and Covering at least one sheet as large as the slots 4 is a slidable sleeve 5 with slots 6 therein arranged, these slots are about as wide as the slots 4 in the housing 1 and the same distance from Point center to center. A threaded rod 7 »through a the end walls of the housing 1 protrudes and with a threaded nut is provided, serves to move the sleeve 5 in the longitudinal direction to move with respect to the housing 1 in order to change the relative position of the slots 4 and 6 .and thereby the width of the slots to change which the inside with the Xusseren of the housing 1.

The housing 1 has an opening on the top for receiving a filling funnel or a filling rod 8,

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which is preferably practically over the full length of the Housing extends and is also preferably inclined to the vertical to prevent comminuted material from Inside the housing the funnel 8 flies up a distance.

The dimensions of the shredding device and all of its parts vary with the required throughput of material.

In order to increase the capacity, it is preferable to increase the length of the device rather than the diameter. The diameter of the housing 1 can suitably vary from about 15 to 60 cm (6 to 24 inches) and the length can suitably vary from a few inches to about one meter or more. The diameter of the pins 3 is preferably kept as small as possible, taking account of their mechanical strength and rigidity, and amounts expediently approximately 4 _t 7 to 19 mm (3/16 to 3/4 inch) and the length of pins 3 depends on the desired maximum size of the fragments and is such that a distance between their tips and the inside of the circumference of the sleeve 5 results. The spacing is typically between 3 and 25 mm (1/8 inch to 1 inch). The width of the slots 4 and 6 in the housing 1 and the sleeve 5 depends on the maximum size of the desired fragments, but rarely exceeds 25 mm. The width of the webs or fixed parts between the slots 4 and 6 is

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not critical, but is preferably that is -verträglich with the .Baufestigkeit the Torrichtung to allow an easy discharge of the crushed possible flaky substance · Since the minimum wirksams slit width is determined with respect to the housing 1 "by the position of the sleeve 5 a minimum The widths of the slots 4 and 6 can themselves be considerably larger than the desired maximum size of the flaky, comminuted material, but are rarely less than about 6 to? mm. The exact position and arrangement of the pins 3 on the base 2 are not critical and can be varied widely -Wave is dynamically balanced. The wave 2 is in the drawing as concentric with the Housing 1 is shown, but this is not critical and the center line of shaft 2 need not coincide with the center line of housing 1 o T-if it does not coincide with it, the center line of shaft 2 is preferably on the vertical center line and below the horizontal one Center line of the housing 1 arranged «

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The speed of rotation of shaft 2 and pins 3 should be be such that the linear peripheral speed of the tips of the pins 3 is sufficient to achieve the desired comminuting effect evoke, which depends on the substance to be treated; however, it is generally in the range of approx 450 meters per minute up to about 1850 meters per minute.

In operation, the material to be shredded is fed through the funnel 8 introduced into the housing 1 in the form of an endless track, a cake, leaves or large pieces. V'enn der Substance enters the housing 1 is its inertia, although the substance does not rest, such that only a small part it receives a sufficiently rapid acceleration to continue with the speed of the tips of the pens 3 to be worn. The pins 3 therefore tear the fabric and only carry a small amount with their own wear. speed away. Though by the same indolence one some compression of the material at the point of impact Pins 3 takes place, this compression is low and not disadvantageous, since the substance is nowhere. Fragments of the Substances that are larger than. the maximum desired size, and which could escape the first impact of the pins 3, fall to the bottom of the housing 1, where they then from the same or neighboring pens »

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hit and continue to be crushed until it is at a sufficient level are brought small size to fall through the slots 4 in the housing 1 and discharged from the device to become. The crushing effect on the fabric is extraordinary important in the process of the invention, and the fragments formed must be of low density and uniformity have a porous structure and are dotted as little as possible · With known devices, where the fabric is on a fixed rope placed at the time of shredding or is otherwise squeezed between cooperating ropes, it is subjected to undesirable compaction and is not suitable for uniform and rapid settling with the gaseous reactant.

According to 3? Ig. 3 is cooked wood pulp, which is expediently made the final stages of the Kraft process is obtained, * wash and tone to a consistency 15 to 40 #, in particular about 30 #, dewatered by pressing and a crusher 10, which expediently operates as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 fed, where it is supplied with chlorine gas flowing through line 12 occurs »for a period of. about 60 seconds at ambient temperature is brought into contact and that in the fabric

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present chlorine gas is removed therefrom by air, which is introduced through line 13, as will be explained in more detail below is explained

The chlorinated, ie pretreated wood pulp is then discharged from the reaction vessel 11 into a dilution container H, in which it is diluted with water to a consistency which is expediently in the range from 0.5 to 3 $> , and from the pump 15 zvl an Irommei washer 16 is pumped. The washed fabric leaves the washer 16 in the form of a thick web, which is pressed between press rollers 17 to a consistency in the range from 15 to 30 #, in particular about 20 £, and then goes to a reaction container 19 via a conventional Örobechnitzler 17a and a comminution device 18 similar to the comminution device 10.

In the reaction vessel 19 the fluffy substance is brought together with gaseous ammonia, which is then diluted with steam, and through conduction. 21 entry. The gaseous ammonia is zweckmSssig added in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0 i * of the fabric dry weight, and steam is introduced through line 20 to preheat to the fabric, wherein the total amount of steam sufficient to reduce the material to a temperature between 80 and 100 ⁰ C to heat. The contact time with the gaseous

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Ammonia takes about 60 seconds in two-fold form. The extracted material is then fed to a dilution tank 22, in which it is diluted with water to a consistency of 0.5 ", called 3 #, and fed from the tank 22 by the pump 23 to a drum washer 24 which is similar to the drum washer 16 The web of material obtained from the washer 24 arrives at pressure rollers 25, with an alkaline buffering agent such as sodium carbonate in powder form or solution form being fed to the material through the line 26 in an amount ranging from 1 to 1.5% by weight _9, which is sufficient in order to ensure that the pE-Vert of the substance does not fall unaffected at the end of the subsequent chlorine dioxide treatment in the heating vessel 29. The pressure rollers 25 dewater the web to a consistency in the range of 20 to 40 ¥, in particular 30 $, and the buffered substance reaches the reaction vessel 29 via a conventional (Jrobsohnitzler 27 and a comminution device 28, which is similar to the comminution device 10).

Ira reaction vessel 29 is the substance with Chlordioxydgae, the is diluted with steam and / or air and through line 31 occurs in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5 wt .-? 6 des. dry Treated substance, with steam through line 30 in sufficient Crowd occurs to bring the fabric to a temperature

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in the range from 65 "to 10O ⁰ C, and air enters through line 30 in sufficient quantity to ensure that the partial pressure of the chlorine dioxide gas never exceeds 100 mm Hg The treated substance is diluted with water at the bottom of the reaction vessel 29, which enters through line 33, to a consistency of 0.5 to 3% and through the pump 34 The washed web. from the washer 35 is pressed to a consistency of 15 to 30 $ by pressing machines 36, and the high-cone web goes to a reaction vessel 39 via a coarse chopper 37 and a crusher 38, which is similar Device 10 is

The fabric is in the reaction vessel 39, which is similar to the reaction vessel 19 j treated with gaseous ammonia, which is diluted with steam and enters through line 41st Dae gaseous ammonia -is supplied in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 i "of the fabric dry weight, and steam wirä through line 40 introduced to the fabric, vorzuerhltisen wherein the total amount ausreioht of steam to the material to a temperature of 80 to heat up to 100 ⁰ O * The contact riding

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is as del * about 60 seconds ... The extracted material passes from ReaktionagefäS 39 to a dilution vessel 42 _9% er vo to a consistency in the range of 0.5 to 3 i "is diluted, and from the pump 43 to a drum washer 44 pumped, from which the washed fabric emerges in the form of a web and is dewatered by press rollers 44a on an Eonsistena of 20 to 40 $> The fabric goes over ^

a conventional coarse mincer 45 and crusher 46j similar to the device 10, to a reaction vessel 47 o

In the reaction vessel 47, the substance is mixed with gasoline dioxide gas In Brought into contact, which is diluted with steam and / or air and through line 49 in an amount of 0.2 to 0.5 1 * of the dry fabric weight occurs. Steam passes through the Line 48 and air through line 49 under appropriate

• ■ i

Conditions as in reaction vessel 29. The completely ge ^

bleached material 7 / is diluted with a button ... which enters the bottom of the reaction vessel 47 via line 51 , to a consistency in the range from 0.5 to 3 $> _r and then pumped by the pump 52 to a drum washer 53, from where it is discharged for subsequent drying or further processing.

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The reaction vessel 11 is shown separately in Pig 4 The fluff from the crusher 10 is passed through the inlet 100 into a vertical cylindrical Vessel 101 inserted. The pre-treated fabric emerges from the Bottom end 102 of this vessel lake 101 into the dilution container 14, this bottom end 102 being a little smaller Diameter. The lower end of 102 is in the shape of a short inwardly conical section 111 to to hinder the free outlet of the treated substance before and to initiate a certain compaction · The outlet of the substance from this bottom end 102 is by means of a screw

103 set, the lower end of a hollow rotatable Well »104 is attached, which extends axially through the vessel 101 extends downward and is driven by a variable speed electric motor 105. The wave

104 is enclosed in tube 106 and chlorine is passed through line 12 down tube 106 and into the fabric through the Perforations 107 and air is drawn into the fabric from conduit 13 through the hollow corrugation 104 and radially outgoing therefrom Pipes 108 inserted the pipes .12 and 13 are rotatable with the shaft 104 and the pipe 106 (fall with the part 104) connected by means of rotational connections (not shown). Chlorine gas can also from the line 12 the substance in the vessel

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over a perforated ring 109. through connecting lines (not shown) can be suggested. Bas on this T.eise dem Substance in the vessel 101 displaces chlorine gas because of its high density the air in the fabric and rises in the receptacle 101, where it is detected by a filling device 110 which has a chlorine gas supply valve (not shown) in the line 12 controls so that the chlorine concentration at the level of the device 110 is maintained at a predetermined maximum value will. The chlorine gas absorbed by the substance in the vessel 101 is then washed out by the air when the substance through the vessel descends.

The level of the substance in the vessel 101 is determined by a filling device 112, like a sound detector, scanned the level by controlling the. Speed of the motor 105 keeps constant «

In operation, the fluff is added to the vessel 101 of the reaction vessel H. fed through inlet 100, the level of the substance in the vessel being supplied by filling device 112 is determined · The feed speed of the flaky Substance to the Heaktiongsgefäß 11 and the dimensions of the vessel 11 are so "dimensioned that the required dwell time of the substance in the reaction vessel. That in that

209808/1467

BATH ORIGINAL

52 -

Chlorine gas entering reaction vessel 11 through perforations 107 and 109 fills the reaction vessel practically to a level which is determined by filling device 110, and because of its high density the chlorine gas remains in the reaction vessel and does not rise. and does not escape from the top of the same. As it descends, the substance absorbs an amount of chlorine, which is determined by a ligain content and a passage time through the reaction vessel 11, through the supply of excess Ohlorgae thus formed. Air introduced into the reaction vessel via the perforated tubes 108 flushes converted chlorine, which is retained by the substance, out of the substance and thus reduces chlorine waste to a minimum. Part of the air flows upwards and is discharged through outlet 113 · during its passage upwards through the Reaktionegefgß 11 the air drags chlorine gas above the overall controlled by the device 111 prior Ψ _f but makes the entrained chlorine

gas on descending fresh substance, which reacts quickly with it and Bomit removes the chlorine gas from the air and an escape of the chlorine gas from the outlet 113 is prevented.

The rest of the air goes with the pretreated fabric on the floor 102 of the vessel 101, the conical edges 111 ensuring that most of the air is up into the Vessel 101 flows by obstructing the free outlet of substance

2 0 98 08M467

SAD ORIGINAL

and brought about a certain amount of compression in the fabric will* .

The reaction vessels 19 and 39 have a similar structure to the reaction vessel 11 with the exception that there is no filling device 110 is necessary because in these reactions a small amount of ammonia is measured into the reaction vessels, as required, and not an excess of it Gas, as it is required in the reaction vessel 11 »Besides the air inlet Ϊ2 and the perforated tubes 108 are not required, since no purge air is required, and parts 4 can be full. Finally, the gas perforations 10? and 109 higher up in the reaction vessel so that the contact old the substance earlier when descending through the vessel 101 is achieved, and alternatively the addition of steam and Ammonia gas split up to the reaction vessel so that first steam alone at a higher level is fed into the reaction vessel to heat the substance, and the Failure of ammonia gas and steam at a lower level . is supplied,

In the reaction vessels 29 and 47 shown in FIG longer reaction times are desired than in the reaction

209808/1467

vessels 11, 19 and 39 · The upper part of the reaction vessels is similar to that shown in Figure 4, and in particular, a vertical cylindrical vessel 120 has a stock inlet 121, a lower stock outlet 122 of reduced size Durohmesser and an inwardly conical lower hand 123 on. The passage of the substance through the vessel is regulated by a screw 124 attached to the lower end of a hollow rotatable part 125 sits, which in turn is through a Electric motor 126 is driven at variable speed, which is driven by a shutdown device 127 for the Level of the substance is controlled. A mixture of chlorine dioxide gas, steam and air is via line 126 into the hollow parts 125 and inserted through the holes 129 in the fabric. The mixture is also drawn from inlet 128 via the holes 130 introduced into a hollow sing. A temperature sensing device 137 is also provided.

The above-mentioned vessel 120 of the reaction vessel see 29 and 47 is used to bring, fabric and chlorine dioxide and de sen Bring temperature to the desired value · Substance and absorbed chlorine dioxide are then in the lower part of the reaction vessel, which is dimensioned so that the desired retention time results in order to terminate the reaction between the absorbed chlorine dioxide and

203808/146?

dem ^¥ έί off ^: ' to let it expire. "The material as a whole, look at the bottom '^;Tefi'i32," until a level133 is reached ^; which is scanned by the IT level sensor 134, which controls the speed 34 (or 52) 6o that a> JcoiiBtaiites 1Ϊ level results <>. Water is introduced via inlet 33 (or 51) "bit to level 135, v / above This NiVeaii is controlled by a & 1) touch device 136, which controls the feed rate. The buttons 134 and 36 and the speed control of the pump 34 are connected to the pump 34 in a corresponding manner with a device for controlling the consistency (not shown) The temperature sensor 139 controls the admission of steam through line 138 to maintain the temperature of the fabric in the lower portion 132.

It can be seen that the number of stages in the above-mentioned Lead cn pro ze ö can be varied, as can the result of the treatment of the substance with the various gaseous substances Eeagentien. So for sulfite can st off the bleaching iiü Waiter 35 are terminated, and with a Kraft pulp the termination in the fäscher 35 results in a half-bleached Fabric i It can be used for full bleaching of graft pulps be two-way, a common hypochlorite bleach level between

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SAD ORIGINAL

the washer 35 ″ and the carver 37. The Press rolls can be made by screw or disk press » or other drainage devices are replaced and the örobschnitaler can be omitted,

The; The following examples illustrate the invention · They show the conditions used and the results obtained in the bleaching of wood pulp according to the gas phase process borrowed from lib at low consistency and using the high consistency gas phase process according to the invention the same bleach chemicals with the same sequence of steps

example 1

Part of an unbleached Kraft cellulose from softwood _? characterized by a Roe chlorine number of 5 »4, P kappa number 34.1 and a cupric ethylenediamine viscosity of

34 ₅ 7 ,. was bleached in a 5-stage sequence according to the phase procedure with high consistency. Table I shows the conditions and results.

209808 / U67

BATH ORIGINAL

Table I. low consistency Working conditions high consistency Chlorination 6.5
25th
3.0
60 $> σι «.
Tempt ^U G
# Consistently
Time (ilin.) 3.7
35
30th
1 1. Extraction 3.0
70
10
90 tO Al Xl
Io after "
Temp * ⁰ G
ia consistency
Time (min.) 1.25
100
20th
1 1 · chlorine dioxide 1.20
70
ta
iao # GlO ₉ .
Temp · ⁰ C
$> Consistency
Tent (min,) 1.0
85
30th
30th 2. Extraction 0.5 I, U
70
to
90 Tempo ⁰ G
ia Koj'Sißtenz
Time (MIn,) 100
20th
1 0.35
η ^
teo
ι * ·. . i ClO ₉
Temp. ⁰ C
it consistency
Time (min.) 0.25
85
30th
30th • - *. ■ Results 90.2
8.4
20.9 Whiteness of the fabric -
Shrink $ ■>
CXD viscosity cP % Elrepho 91.2
5.3
28.9

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BATH ORIGINAL

109.8 102.8 13,325 12,500 100 95

Continuation from Table I.

Material properties at 300 CS ?:

Beretfalctor
Tear length (km)
Hot fallcor

Grinding time rev PFI mill 10 900 11 300

Example 2

A $ eil of an unbleached kraft pulp from Laubhola, characterized Darah a Roe chlorine number of 1.8, a kappa number of 15.5, and a 0.5 # Cupriäthylendiaminviekoeität 35.1, ¹ ^ Urde in a 5-row after stuflgen the sasphase method of working is bleached at a high consistency. A. Another * part was bleached in a 5 * stage sequence using the conventional working method with a low consistency. In Table II the conditions and results are given:

Table II
Working conditions high consistency low consistency

Chlorine solution; -.

^ Cl ₉ 1.3. 3.2

UempV ⁰ O 25. 25

# Consistency 30 3§O

Time (Μέη.) 1 45

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BATH ORIGINAL

1767S85

Port setting from waist II
T »■ E xtr act ion

# NH, 1.01 -

$ NaöH - '2.0

Temp. ⁰ C 100 70

Yj consistency ²⁰ 10

Time (Minο} 1 90

^ ClO ₀ 0.80 1.00

Teiap / ^o C 85 70

% Eonsirrtenz 30 12

Time (min.) 30 180

% RH- 0.3 -

9i IfaOH - t, 0

Temp, ° C 100 70

$> Consistency 20 10

Time (me,) 1 90

2 ο _i Ch3.ordioxyä. ""

i * ClO ₉ 0 _ρ · 25 0.40

Temp. ^ ⁰ G 85 70

5ί consicts 30 12

Time (Hin.) 30 180

Ergetoi'.sse

Degree of whiteness of the fabric - # Elrepno 91.8 90.4

Shrink $> 3.7 4.8

CAD viscosity cP 28 ₉ 2 19.7

Substance properties at 300 CSg ;

Burst factor 59.0 62.2

Hot length (to) 2.130 2.155

Hot factor S3 BO

Grinding time Bevo PPI mill 8 850 11

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BATH ORIGINAL

Example 3

A portion of an unbleached sulfite pulp from Hadelholz, characterized by a Roe chlorine number of 6 _f 2, a kappa number of 27.8 and a 0.5 $ » cupric ethylenediamine viscosity of 35.0, was made in a 3-stage sequence, according to the gas phase method with high consistency and • another portion bleached in a 3-stage sequence using the usual working method with low consistency. In Table III the conditions and results are given

Table III Working conditions high consistency low consistency

chlorination tion

* ^C1 2 ο

Tempo ⁰ C

i> consistency time (min _e )

extraction

i * HaOH
Temp. ⁰ C i » Consistency time (min.)

4.4 6 »2 2Θ 25th 30th 3.0 1 45 1.0 2.0 00 70 30th 10 1 • 90

209808/1467

BATH ORIGINAL

1, 00 70 12th 180 91 9 7, 5 37, 3 73, 5 10, 500 60 9 250

Continuation of Table III Chlorine Dioxide

# CIO «0.60

Temp. OC 85

56 Consistency 30

Time (min.) 30

Results

Cloth - $> Elrepho 92.8 Whiteness

Shrink $> 5.6

CAD viscosity CT 41.0

Properties at 300 CSF:

Bursting factor 75.5

Ripping length (km) 10.750

Tear factor. 61

Grinding time Reva PFI mill 7 900

Example 4

ti-

Part of an unbleached kraft pulp made from softwood,
characterized by a Roe chlorine number of 3.3, an * Eappa number of 21.2 and a cupric ethylenediamine viscosity of 21.3, it was half-bleached in 3 stages by gaseous phase bleaching with a high consistency semi-bleached at low consistency, Table IV gives the conditions and results «

2098087 U67

BATH ORIGINAL

Table Iv consistency low consistency Working conditions high Chlorination 2.4
25th
30th
1 4.0
25th
3.0
60 # Cl _{9 rt}
Temp? ⁰ C
# Consistency
Time (min ») extraction 1.0
20th
100
1 2.0
10
70
90 # NaOH
# Consistency
Tempβ ⁰ C
Time (min ") Chlorine dioxide 0.90
85
30th
30th 1.0
70
12th
180 $> ClO ₉
Temp. ⁰ C
i » Consistency
Time (min) Results 83.9
4.4
19.2 83.2
5.3
17.2 ^ Degree of coldness of the material - $> Elrephö
Shrink $>
CÄD viscosity oP Fabric iron sticks at 300 CSPj 99.5
13,150
101
48 96.0
12,650
98
61 First factor
Tear length (km)
Tear factor
Grinding time (Valley Dutch)

From Tables I, II, III and 17 it can be seen that aar Achieving practically the same degree of whiteness as the bleached one

209808 / U67

The chemical consumption of the fabric is greatly reduced, the yield of the bleached fabric is increased and practically the same Strength properties at a greatly shortened meal in the (xasphasenbleaching with high consistency according to the Invention can be achieved.

Example 5.

Two parts of an unbleached Kraft cellulose, made of Hadelholz, characterized by a Roe chlorine number of 4.9 and a Kappa number of 29 »4 were bleached separately in a 5-stage sequence using the gas phase method at a high consistency. Before each bleaching stage, the pulp was converted into flake form, with the shredding device of Fig. 1 and 2 for one portion and a Sprout V. 'aldron disk mill, model 103, with a number of plates of 18034 and a clearance of 0.79 mm ( 0.030 inch) was used. The material was comminuted to a consistency of 30 io , since the disc mill tended to clog and malfunction at lower consistencies. The conditions and results obtained are given in Table V:

209808 / U67

Table V Sprout V / aldron
Disk mill Working conditions Device according to
invention Chlorination 2.6
27
30th * ^C1 2 o
Temp ⁰ C
# Consistency
Time (min _e ) 2.6
27
30th 1st extraction 1.02
100
30th
1 ίο NH-
Tempo ⁰ C
# Consistency
Time (min ») 1.01
100
30th
1 Results 8.2 Kappa number 6.1 1 «, chlorine dioxide 1.0
85
30th
6 and 50 # ClO ₉
Temp / ⁰ C
% Consistency
Time (mino) 1.0
85
30th
6 and 30 Results 63.8
76.8 Whiteness of the fabric
at 6 min *
at 30 min. f> Blrepho
80.4
83.7 2. Extraction ' 0.3
100
30th
1 4> NH,
Temp? ⁰ C
# Consistency
Time (mino) 0.3
100
30th
1

209808 / U67

BAD ORiGJNAL

Continuation from Table V
2e chlorine fllosyd

% EonBi'.stens time (Mino)

Whiteness of the fabric at 6 min «, at 30 min.

Elrepho

O _f 25 85 30 6 and 30

89.7 92 _f 3

0.25 85 30 6 and 30

85.8 * 90.9

From Table V it can be seen that the degree of tearing of the fabric is higher and the kappa number is lower when the fabric is in the device. Invention is transferred in floo form "As can also be seen from the accompanying photos of Pig 6, the substance of Photo A produced in the device according to the Brfin" durig after 6 minutes treatment with chlorine dioxide is quite uniform in comparison to the stained , non-uniform material of photo-B, ie the material from the disc mill, which is the same Chlordioxydbehandlung was subjected »In Pig, 7 Photo A shows the laundered fabric of the pictures A of Pig" 6 and Photo B the washed material of photo-B of Pig “6. The dark fleoktn in Photo B by Pig. 7 contribute to lowering the degree of thickening of the substance, Ba the dosage of chemicals bai both proportions of substance which are equal to «« rare », the Zunahaa %». Weligrad can be attributed directly to the plocking method according to the invention.

^ JgTAK LANGUAGES »

209808 / U67

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

PATENT ALT SPRt) CHE: Method κατ treatment "of fibrous cellulose or cellulose-containing material, preferably wood pulp, by bringing together the material in flake form bai a high consistency of more than 15 $> and preferably 15 to 60 Jt with a gaseous reaction agent, characterized in that the substance at this consistency and before being brought into contact with the gaseous reaction agent is comminuted so that it has a practically non-pre-sealed porous, flaky structure of low density. 2β method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the substance with the gaseous reagent in the per se known multi-stage bleaching of the fabric is treated. 3ο method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the material is crushed by the action of a moving part that acts on the nictn * does not affect the surface of the fabric. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims. _f characterized in that the material is dewatered prior to crushing on one consistency between 15 and 60 +. 209808 / U67 BATH ORIGINAL · "■ 47 · - 5 "Method according to one of the preceding claims _r - characterized in that wood pulp 1ji Flockenforia with an excess of gaseous chlorine to deesen chlorination 2; us amme η is brought. 6ο method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fluffy wood pulp is continuously fed to a first zone in which it is brought into contact with an atmosphere containing excess chlorine, the residence time in this first zone is limited so that less than the possible amount of chlorine is taken up by the fluff, and the fluff including the absorbed chlorine is passed through a second zone with a practically chlorine-free atmosphere, where one does not ^{react: j} -Chlor is allowed to react with the flaky substance. 7c method according to claim 6, characterized in that that the unreacted chlorine in the second zone of matter is removed by passing air through, 8, The method of claim 6 or 7, characterized, in that the Verweilaeit betrögt 20 seconds to 5 minutes in the first zone, while weloher time are absorbed by the flaky material 50 to 85 jC of the possible amount of chlorine · 209808/1467 ÖAD ORIGINAL 9o method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pretreated fluffy wood pulp by contacting with a gaseous alkaline Reagent is extracted. 10. "The method according to claim 9» characterized in that ammonia is used as the gaseous alkaline reagent _o 11. The method according to any one of the preceding approach, characterized in that a pretreated fluffy substance is ^{heated to a temperature of about 60 to 10O 0} C, on this pretreated substance an atmosphere, the gaseous ammonia, diluted with a non-reactive gas, for a reaction time of about 1 to 30 Hinuten allowed to act, and the Reaktlonetemperatur during this contact time in the range of 60 bie 100 ⁰ C is maintained · 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the pre-treated flocculent material is preheated · 13 · Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that indicates that a chlorinated substance is used as a pretreated substance. 209808 / U67 BAD ONIGlNAL * ■ ... _τ · - Ho method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that all the pretreated substance is one with chlorine dioxide treated fabric is used. 15 »Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the fluffy substance has a consistency between 15 and 40 # 16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flaky HoIeselistoff is brought into contact with chlorine dioxide Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an alkaline, extracted fluffy wood pulp with a consistency of 20 to 40 pounds with a mixture of chlorodiaxide gas and an inert dilution gas, so that the partial pressure of the chlorine dioxide gas does not exceed 100 mm Hg is »for a period of time τοη 5 to 45 minutes at a temperature of about. 65 to 100 ⁰ C in the presence of a buffer to maintain a pB rertea of the substance during the reaction in the range ναι JJ _β 5 to 6.5 is brought into contact. 18. The method neon Ernest ά "ν preceding claims, 209808 / U6 / BATH ORIGINAL characterized in that boiled, washed, fluffy wood pulp with a consistency of 20 to 60 pounds with chlorine dioxide, which is diluted with a non-reactive (Jas to a partial pressure of not more than 100 mm Hg, for a period of 20 seconds, i.e. 60 seconds and is brought into contact at a temperature of 15 to 100 ^{° C.} 19 · The method for multi-stage bleaching of fibrous cellulose material or cellulose-containing material, characterized in that * brings a fibrous cellulose material or cellulose ·-containing fabric to a consistency of 15 to 60 1, shreds the material, the crushed material continuously to a zone with an atmosphere that introduces chlorine gas or chlorine gas diluted with air in an amount that is greater than the possible amount of chlorine that reacts with the substance, limits the dwell time in the zone so that less than the possible amount of chlorine is absorbed by the substance, includes the substance The chlorine absorbed by the substance is continuously passed through a second zone, in which the chlorine accompanying the substance is removed from the vicinity of the substance by a gentle stream of air, the pretreated substance is washed, the pretreated substance is dewatered to a level of 15 to 40 pounds, the washed fabric shredded, the fluffy fabric to a temperature in the range from 60 to 209808/1467 ßAD ORSGINAL 100 ° C preheated, on this preheated substance an atmosphere, the gaseous ammonia, diluted with steam, air, nitrogen or another inert gas, for a heating time, which is generally of the order of 1 to 30 minutes, act, with the The temperature of the reaction time is kept in the range of 60 "to 100 ⁰ C, the fabric washes, the washed fabric dewatered to a consistency of 20 Ms 40 #, the fabric comminuted, the fabric chlorine dioxide gas, diluted with an inert thinning gas to a partial pressure Chlorine dioxide of not more than 100 mm Hg, allowed to act for a period of 5 to 45 minutes at a temperature of 65 to 100 ^P G, the substance being an alkaline agent to adjust the pH of the mixture in such a way that a bond " = pH value in the range from 3t 5 to 6.5 results, contains, and washes the oxidized substance, in particular at each comminution step. the substance is crushed to a practically uncompacted, porous, flaky structure with a low density « 2Oo device for shredding a cellulose fiber or cellulosic pulp to form Particles of a fluffy substance with a preselected maximum size and low density and practically uncompacted structure, characterized by a horizontal cylindrical 209808/1467 BATH ORIGINAL Housing (1), one! Parts (2) which are rotatable in the longitudinal direction arranged in this housing, the skins looking axially extending therefrom has a plurality of breakable parts (3) which are arranged axially and in the longitudinal direction generally spaced apart and end just before the housing and leave a space between them, inlet devices {8) for introduction of uncovered material in the housing in the vicinity of the upper part of the same, and outlet devices (4 "6)" for removal of crushed fluff in the vicinity of the bottom of the housing * with the outlet means so are dimensioned so that they st off particles of the preselected Maximum size let through, and where the distance between the ends of the pins and the lower part of the housing is not is larger than the preselected maximum size 21. Device according to claim 20, characterized ge iohaet know that the V.'elle (2) let disposed axially in the housing (1). 22. The device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the inlet device has a rubble drift (8) which extends practically over the full length of the housing. 23 · Device according to one of Claims 20 to 22 »d * - · characterized in that the outlet device has several · SA 209808/1467 BATH ORIGINAL Longitudinally spaced slots (4), which extend in the circumferential direction around the bottom part of the housing (1) _o 24 «Yorrichtung according to claim 23, characterized in that that the width of the slots (4) by means of a fiülsteils (5) is adjustable, which sits on the bottom of the housing (1), wherein the sleeve part (5) eo is arranged that it is calibrated in Can move in the longitudinal direction of the housing (1) and has a plurality of slots (6) arranged at a distance in the longitudinal direction, which cooperate with the slots (4) in the housing (1). 209808 / U6T & -Λ, BADORIGJNAl Blank page