DE1752045A1 - Method and tools for assembling and fastening a linear element, such as a guide ruler, a rack or the like on a machine - Google Patents

Description

iGGRAVEDipl.-Phys.
5 Cologne, Friesenstr. 84

{am Hohenzoifernrtui} T «l 2141 96. -

22.3. HJ

Societe Anonyme des Anciens Etablissements Charles BERTHIEZ, 5, rue Montalivet, Paris δ \ France

"Methods and tools for assembling and securing a rectilinear element, such as for example a guide ruler, a rack or the like on a machine ".

In the particular field of machine tool guideways to reduce the wear and tear of the slideways and in some cases to use rolling elements, it is necessary to provide slideways or roller tracks that are advisable. The best results have been obtained using hardened steel and at this point it is common practice to place rulers on the cast iron or welded steel elements of the machine.

The attachment is made of hardened steel rulers

the elements mentioned here is most commonly used by . Screws or flange fastening achieved * tftii but in this palIe to avoid having the rulers between the Fastening organs are poorly supported, the number of these latter is often multiplied and the crossover is often multiplied the rulers, which is expensive and generally a hindrance. On the other hand, in the special field of racks for machine tools every rack on its carrier element ment in such a way that their run-off level is absolutely parallel to the guide rails. Also must this rack must be attached very well so that there is no risk of it being under the action of the Shifts the stresses to which it is exposed.

In general, the rack is fixed in place by cylindrical or conical pins or by locking flats at the ends and fastened with screws. According to a well-known embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the toothed rack 1, which must rest on the support surface 2 of its support element, is brought into abutment against a vertical surface 4 with the aid of screws 5 and tightened thereon, these screws extend parallel to the working plane of the toothing β of this 2ahnötange »The disadvantage of this design form is the fact that * the screws can not keep play because * on the run-up laugh« 3tnUttht »

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In addition, the holes of these screws must be provided in the thickness of the rack itself, which leads to to increase the strength of this rack beyond what is normally expected from the simple toughness point of view the teeth out would be necessary.

After a second known embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the fastening screws extend 5 perpendicular to the working surface of the toothing, around the rack against the support surface 2 of the carrier element 3 and tighten it. But in this case it is it is necessary to lift on the rack and over there of the toothing 6 lateral edges 7 in which the Holes for the screws are arranged. The disadvantage of this embodiment is the fact that the width this rack is increased considerably.

In one case, as in the other, the type of fastening doubles by screws approximately the space required by the racks, which is all the more cumbersome as this is usually between the Slideways must be installed where there is not much space.

The invention has set itself the goal of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the assembly of a rectilinear element to avoid, regardless of whether it is a leadership

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ruler or rack acts by an ancestor is created, which consists in giving the rectilinear element a trapezoidal cross-section and in the support element to provide a groove of complementary cross-section, between the inclined planks of the groove and those of the rectilinear Element to provide a small amount of play, to introduce this element freely into said groove and vigorously to act on the wedge-shaped edges of the groove to flare said rectilinear element, this If necessary, the method also consists in pressing the rectilinear element to push it against the bottom of the Groove to be pressed before flanging is carried out.

Indeed, this beading presses the lower surface of the rectilinear element firmly and evenly against the Support surface of the groove cut into the carrier element. In the circumstances, and if the straight forward Element eh guiding ruler depends on the straightness and the parallelism of the slide or runway depends on the precision of the machining of the groove and not on it on the type of attachment. In addition, if the rectilinear element is a rack, its working plane is for the same reason as mentioned above, eggs absolutely parallel to the slide or roller tracks Leadership rulers.

In addition, the flanging ensures an extremely energetic

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Clamping the rulers and the racks, like that that these elements can withstand very high loads without deformation or displacement, better than when they are attached to their carrier element by punctiform fastening elements get connected.

Finally, flaring is permitted to a considerable extent and W'-dse the cross-section of the guiding rulers and the Reduce racks by limiting their width to that of the organs being guided (sliding shoes or rollers) and on that of the engagement organs (pinion), whereby their strength is also reduced, to exclusively considerations to meet resilience *

The invention also extends to a tool device to carry out the above-mentioned method, which consists of a tool carrier on which freely rotating at least one flanging wheel is mounted, which has two protruding collars, which essentially Are profiled in a V-shape and their distance from one another is greater than the free width of the ruler «

The tool carrier works together with a pressure roller which is arranged in front of the flanging wheel.

The movable part carrying the pressure roller is mounted for rotation about a tool carrier axis parallel

to that of the flanging wheel, this part is connected to at least one spring which is supported on the tool carrier.

The invention finally extends to the type of fastening a guide ruler and a rack on a machine support element and in particular one such a machine tool, according to which the guide ruler and the rack have a trapezoidal cross-section have and element in the cross section of a groove of the carrier are embedded and by two flanged grooves are limited. Various other features of the invention incidentally result from the following, detailed description.

Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are given as non-limiting examples in the attached Drawings shown. Show it:

Flg. 3 and 4 partially schematic cross-sections, the two characteristic process steps of the invention for assembly and fastening represent a guide ruler,

Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Figs. 3 and 4, the shows the application of the procedure in the assembly of a rack,

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Flg. β and 7 partial longitudinal sections, one of the show the outer stop elements of the ruler and the rack,

8 is a side view in the same plane as that of FIGS. J and 4, with the crimping tool is shown

FIG. 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX of FIG. 8,

FIG. 10 shows a section along the line X-X in FIG. 8, with the tool device being shown in the rest position.

Flg. 11 shows a section along the line XI-XI of FIG. 8, the tool device in the crimped position is shown, the main elements of this tool device, which lie behind the cutting plane, are delimited by dashed lines,

FIGS. 12 and 13 are views corresponding to FIGS. C and 11, showing the application of this tooling device to holding slides or racks made by accessible below.

As shown in Fig. 3, the guide rule 8 to be attached, regardless of whether it is made of a single piece or

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consists of several juxtaposed sections, a trapezoidal cross-section. The carrier element 9 of the machine, on which the ruler is to be mounted has a groove 10, the cross-section of which is also trapezoidal and complementary to that of this ruler. At 11 and 12 there is a small amount of lateral play between the sloping flanks of the ruler and those of the groove. When the lower surface of the ruler rests against the bottom of the groove in a suitable manner, this clearance is preferably between 0.01 and 0.1 mm, its size in Pig. j5 exaggerated is solely to make the invention easier to understand. The game in question is about intended to make the attachment of the guide ruler 8 extremely easy.

According to a second phase of the method according to the invention the material making up the edges of the groove 10 is compressed at 1j5 and 14 (FIG. 4) to press it against the flanks to push back this groove. So there is a constant contact pressure of the flanks of this groove on those of the ruler on the Place created where there was previously a game. Dadurcu is set the ruler and by the action of the slope the flanks pressed against the bottom of the groove, which gives the arrangement the same rigidity as if it were made of a single piece. It can also be advantageous to apply pressure to the ruler to keep it against the floor

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of the groove before pressing the metal at 15 and lh .

The procedure described above is exactly the same for Mounting a rack 1 applicable. As shown in Fig. 5, the lower part I5 of the rack 1 has a trapezoidal shape Cross-section on. It is pushed freely into a groove 10 of the carrier element 9, because of its presence of the game 11 and 12 and is there by pressing the metal at 1j? and 14 absolutely determined. This embodiment allows the strength of the rack to be limited to the amount that is absolutely necessary for the resilience of the tooth root, i.e. two or three times the module. It also allows the actual width of the rack to match the width of its To restrict gearing. After all, it allows to reduce the strength of the support element because there are there are no longer any internally threaded holes.

With regard to the guide rule 8 in particular, it can consist of a single piece or of several precariously short sections must be made, the can easily be machined with great precision. The ends of these sections can be perpendicular to the longitudinal 1 and or η lie. But it is beneficial to avoid any deviation should be avoided, especially if the

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fenden roles are single and not multiple, oblique Provide ends. The various sections of the ruler are then inserted end to end into the groove 10 so that their ends are in contact with each other. It does not matter whether it is about the assembly of a guide ruler 8 or about which is a rack 1 is at least one stop member in the vicinity of at least one of the ends of the Arranged rulers or rack.

Each stop member can consist of a pin 16 which with pressure in the guide ruler 8 (or in the rack 1) is used to protrude into the groove 10 (Fig. 6).

Each stop member can be represented as a modification of a flange 17 which cooperates with a screw 17a, which is introduced into the carrier element 9. The flange can also allow the ruler sections to be opposed to one another to press. The compression of the material at 13 and 14 can be done by hand using a hammer and center punch but it seems more convenient to do it automatically with the bundling device, which is described below with reference to Figs. 8-13. In the Indeed, the result obtained is safer, more even and of better appearance.

The tool device consists of a tool carrier 18,

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which is provided with an axis 19 which protrudes laterally. A flanging wheel 20 is mounted around the protruding part of this axis, via a needle bearing 20a Plain bearings or the like. So the knurled wheel can rotate freely, but it is for example in the axial displacement determined by shoulders provided on the axle or on the wheel.

This BördeIritzel has two protruding ring-shaped % collars 21 and 22, which are essentially V-shaped and the distance between them is greater than the free width of the guide ruler 8 or the rack 1. If under these circumstances the flanging wheel 20 is applied so that its frets lie over and over from the guiding ruler or the rack, at an equal distance from their flanks, and when the flanging wheel is pressed against the carrier element 9 and the tool carrier 18 is shifted to make the flanging wheel roll in said carrier element two pressure point grooves 1j; and 14 and the material is pressed towards the inclined flanks of the groove.

These operations can easily be carried out by placing the tool holder 1G in the head of the planing or milling machine which was used to produce the groove 10 is arranged. With the help of the cross slide of one or the other

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With another of these machines, the flanging wheel 20 can be centered in order to bring its diametrical plane of symmetry into agreement with the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the rack -1 or the guide ruler 8. With the help of the main slide of this machine it is possible to press the knurled wheel against the element containing the groove 10 and to determine the depth 25 of the flange. Finally, with the help of the longitudinal slide of the machine, the displacement of the flanging wheel of the machine and the flanging over the entire length of the element 1 and 8 are brought about. Of course, the tool carrier 18 can be mounted on a different machine than that which was used to produce the grooves 10. For example, it can be mounted on an independent special machine that is specially designed and has a press and a driver device. The independent machine then has guide and support means that are connected to the machine element that is to be provided with the guide rail 8 or the rack 1.

The tool device can also, in combination with the flanging wheel 20, have a pressure roller 24 which runs in front of the flanging wheel, because it is intended to press the rack 1 or the guide rail 8 against the bottom of the groove 10 before the flanging is actually carried out.

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In the embodiment, as it is shown as a non-limiting example, the pressure roller 24 is mounted freely rotating with a needle bearing 25 or a sliding bearing around an axis 26 which is housed in a movable part 27. This latter is actually a fork part (FIG. 9) which is articulated about an axis 28 which engages in the tool carrier. The Acüöen 19 * ^ o and 28 are parallel to one another, so that by tilting the fork part 27, the height of the pressure roller compared to that of the Bürdelwheel 20 is changed. In addition, the pressure roller 24 is immobilized in its displacement with respect to the axis 26 and its cantilevered position is determined such that its diametrical plane of symmetry corresponds to that of the handwheel 20.

which is clearly shown in Fig. O - 10, the diameter of the pressure roller 24 is slightly larger than that of the flanging wheel 20, because when the tool device jj approaches the element 1 or 8, this pressure roller must be in contact with these parts before the Collars 21 and 22 of the flanging wheel come into contact with the edges of the groove 10, when the approach of the tool device continues, it is necessary that the pressure roller 24 exerts a considerable pressure on the said guide rule 8 or the rack 1 in order to counter them print the bottom of the groove / ai. For this purpose, the movable part 27 is connected to at least one elastic member, such as one.

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In the embodiment shown (FIG. 10), this movable part 27 is made in one piece with an extension 29 which is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the axes 26 and 28. At the end of the extension 29 an eyelet 30 is formed into which a fork piece 31 is inserted, with a hinge axis J ^J \ a. runs through the eyelet and through the legs of this fork piece. The latter is provided with a rod 32 onto which a spring 33 is pushed, which preferably consists of a stack of Belleville spring washers and is supported on a shoulder 34 of the tool carrier 18. The rod 32 passes through a hole 35 »which opens into the shoulder 34 and its threaded end cooperates with a nut 36 which limits the travel of this rod, ie the extent to which the part 27 can rotate.

k In the rest position shown in Fig. 10 are the Belleville spring washers 33 relaxed and the axes 19 * 26 and 28 lie in the same plane parallel to the element 8 or 1. In this position in view of the The fact that the diameter of the pressure roller 24 is larger is than that of the crimp 20, this pressure roller can be brought into contact with the element 8 or 1 before the collars 21 and 22 come into contact with the edges the groove 10 stand. As can be seen from Fig. 1 and in

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which a pressure is exerted on the tool holder 18, its downward movement is evoked and the penetration the collars 21 and 22 of the flanging wheel in the edges of the groove. But considering the fact that the The pressure roller 24, which was initially in contact with the element 8 or 1, cannot move further downwards, rotates the fork piece 27 turns around the axis 28 and calls the penetration the rod 32 protrudes into the hole J55, which is the effect hat, the Belleville peder washers J ^ under To bring tension, which accordingly a considerable ™

Apply pressure to the pressure roller 24, which tends to move the element 8 or 1 against the bottom of the groove 10 to press. If then the tool carrier is moved in the direction of arrow P (Fig. 11), the element or 1 gradually pressed against the bottom of the groove, namely by the pressure roller 24 and then this takes place Flanging thanks to the flanging wheel 20 (Fig. 11).

The same tool device also allows the flanging λ of the element 8 or 1 in a downwardly open groove (Fig. 12 and 1 ^). For this purpose, the slide of the planing or milling machine no longer works by pushing but by pulling. In fact, the flanging wheel 20 and the pressure roller 24 no longer rest on the edges of the groove or the sections of the guide ruler with their lower part, but with their upper part, which is possible because the knurled wheel and the pressure roller are mounted expansively.

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Pig. 13 also clearly shows that in this case at the crimping the fork piece 27 rotates in the opposite direction to the previous case. This Incidentally, part is no longer subject to the compressive force of the Belleville spring washers 33, but to the Forces of other Bellevllle washers 38 that on of the rod 32 and inserted between another shoulder 39 of the tool carrier and the nut 36 are.

The flanging wheel 20 can consist of different parts, so that it is possible through an intermediate disk To change the distance between the collars 21 and 22. In addition, these frets have different heights, depending on whether that Knurled wheel is intended to be a guide 8 or to crimp a rack 1. In addition, several flare wheels can be fitted in series to make a whole series to represent, whereby the flanging depth differs from a Flanged wheel changed to the other. In addition, several pressure rollers can be mounted in series to create a to form a whole set of rollers that distributes the contact pressure over a greater length. Finally, the pressure roller can or pressure rollers are mounted on a part that can move independently of the tool carrier, and in this Case, this movable part is attached to a pressure element, which is simply a helical compression spring hydraulic or pneumatic pressure pot or the like. Can be.

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The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and described in detail, because various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

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Claims (8)

Patent attorney I.G.GRAVEDipl.-Phys. 5 Cologne, Friosenstr. 84 IG / seh (amHohenzcll «rnring) Tel. 21 41 95 2d» 3, 1968 Society anonyme des Anciens Etablissements CHARLES BERTHIEZ, 5 »Rue Hontalivet, Paris 8 °, France. 1. A method for assembling and / or securing a rectilinear component or element, such as a Guide rulers, a guide rail, a rack or the like on a support component of a machine, characterized in that the rectilinear guide component (8) with a trapezoidal cross-section and the carrier component can be formed with a groove of complementary cross-section, between the inclined Flanks (11, 12) of the groove and those of the linear component are provided with a predetermined small amount of play the component is inserted loosely into this groove, P and then the wedge-shaped edges of the groove a relative exposed to high pressure and thus the straight component is crimped or positively locked by the groove edges (11,12) is or will be bordered. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that before the crimping or edging on the rectilinear component (8) a pressing it against the bottom of the groove Pressure is applied. 3. Tool device for carrying out the method - 2 109820/0536 according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one freely rotating Bö'rdelradchen is arranged on a tool carrier, which has two protruding, essentially V-shaped collars, the distance between which is greater than the free width of the guide component _e 4. Tool device according to claim 3, characterized in that the tool carrier with a pressure roller works together, which runs in front of the flanging wheel. 5. Tool arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that net that the free pressure roller is carried by a movable part that is guided on the tool carrier and is connected to at least one pressure element. 6c tool device according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the movable, the pressure roller bearing TeU. arranged rotatably about an axis of the tool carrier which lies parallel to that of the flanging wheel, this part having at least one on the tool carrier supporting spring is connected. 7. Tool device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the rotatable part carrying the pressure roller is provided with a rod on which two oppositely acting springs, such as Belleville spring washers are threaded, and that these springs are turned on between three stops, of which at least one with, learning tool carrier is firmly connected. 8. Tool device according to claim 4, characterized in that the flanging wheel and the pressure roller opposite the tool carrier are arranged or formed cantilevered. 109820/0536