DE1719455A1 - Method and device for multiple flash evaporation of liquids - Google Patents

Description

»00 FRANKFURTA.MAIM Frelherr-Yom-Stem-Str. 18-J

Carl Johan ^; . ockman
ütockholm / i. sweden
Rindögatan 14

DfIPATIIITANWJILTE
EHpl.-Jng. I.3OURDAN Dipl.-Jng. W.BEY6R < _? ι η / -r ς

Patent application.

Priority dker ü *, patent application Aerial Jio. 272 654 dated April 12, 1963

Process and supply line for multiple decompression inoculation of liquids _:

The invention relates to methods and devices for the multistage voltage evaporation of liquids and relates to a new method of multi-voltage evaporation as well as a suitable device.

In all of the multiple expansion evaporators proposed so far, the steam generated in each stage is used to heat the liquid fed in with the aid of indirect / poor t from brazen. ^! In the last stage of the action - 'iv-ird' the vapor is condensed in an indirect 'arm exchanger' - while the liquid fed in is preheated, the steam passing from the next to the last stage of the action heats this liquid further and further from stage to stage, the liquid temperature is consequently increased from stage to stage by the condensation of the vapor, which occurs from the last to the first when it relaxes on the path. tiife in the evaporator it occurs. Finally, additional steam is added in order to heat the liquid further up to a temperature which causes relaxation in the first stage.

BAD ORIGINAL ι 3065 / 9.4.64 0098447U6'3

As can be seen from this, the methods known from the gate are based and devices based on the principle of the heat dissipating from the steam as it relaxes from step to step is released to use to preheat the liquid, which is deflected at the end and the system to relax again is fed. In addition, the preheating is done by applying a series, "often a large number of indirect heat exchangers accomplished. The invention, on the other hand, is based on and achieves a completely different basis same end results following different principles.

The multiple flash evaporation according to the invention works with a direct condensation of the steam from each utufe in the condensate and with the help of it in the subsequent stage. In this way, instead of the temperature, the Liquid raised the temperature of the condensate by the relaxation. This is also done directly with the help of a direct ^ heat exchange executed so that indirect heat exchanger be avoided. The final hot condensate is then used to preheat the liquid that is fed in used in a single indirect heat exchanger.

According to the basic idea of the ϊ, ΐ-invention, a type of relaxation evaporation is used, by means of which the method according to the invention can be carried out in a considerably simpler manner than the requirements of previously known methods. Various designs of simplified apparatus can be used because all condensation-heating interfaces for the steam generated during the expansion are eliminated. Instead, only a central, indirect liquid-liquid heat exchanger is used to recover the heat from the hot condensate. It is therefore primarily the aim of the invention to introduce a new basic idea into the technology of multiple evaporation.

BAD ORIGINAL L 3065 / 9.4.1964 009844/1469

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Another aim of the invention is to provide • in ·· new processes for multiple evaporation.

Sin further ·· The aim of the invention is to simplify and more economical design of a device for multi-purpose evaporation

High a. other · The aim of the invention is simplification and more economical design of businesses from multiple " Evaporators.

Further inventions and the increase in the non-liability of the multi-fueled vaporizer by reducing the amount of money needed to operate required energy, by reducing flow avalanches, by reducing the times to the one Apparatus and by reducing the workloada to General entertainment by simplifying the construction.

Special Objectives of the Invention Bind to reduce the Aniahl of indirect heat exchangers on three as well as essentially avoiding sound pumping losses and of automatic Controls.

Other sluices and features follow partly directly from the The following description in conjunction with the drawing are partly explained in more detail therein. It show ι

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a strong

Simplified embodiment of a multiple discharge voltage evaporator according to the invention principle of the embodiment based on it Procedure »

TIg. 2 is an elevation of a preferred execution

example of a device for executing the Method according to the invention in. Schematic Representation, with an arrangement in the form of a vertical stack is made.

00984 4/1 L £ 9
3065 / 9.4.1964

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Fig. 5 · 1η · η enlarged vertical unity by «in Einittil dtr In the system after rig. 2 applied construction,

4 shows a horizontal section along line 4 - 4 in Pig. 3, viewed in the direction of the arrow,

Fig. 5 shows a larger part of the picture

GelCKJIte plate according to FIG. 4 with an explanatory shape of the condensate partitions arranged therein,

FIG. 6 shows a horizontal plane along line 6 - 6 in FIG viewed in arrow direction,

Flg. 7 shows a sectional view similar to FIG

Modified arrangement for conveying the condensate clay from one stage to another shows

6 shows a schematic representation of an elevation

Toa another embodiment of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 9 is a front view of a further modification of the Stack or column arrangement according to the invention,

Fig. 10 is a section along line 10-10 in Fig. 11, Fig. 11 © in a top view of it.

In the in Flg. 1 basic arrangement shown eohtmatiech shows the multi-vapor evaporator shown there only animal Levels which are represented by rectangles 1, 2, 3, 4 analogously * ur Serial number of the tier are shown. For an economic operation, $ would be a considerably larger number ▼ on levels with a lower pressure and temperature gradation ▼ on level su level can be used, for the purpose of the pilotage illustration, the representation of four levels is sufficient.

L 3065 / April 9, 1964

Starting now on the left side of Fig. 1 it can be seen that the liquid is fed through a line 5, while the finished product through a line 6 at the other At the end of the system. In relation to the total Fluid flow in the system makes jtdooh the amount of the withdrawn product from only a small part. Furthermore, the addition of liquid fed in is in the Ratio quite. 'Small, since it has a considerable proportion of Liquid is circulated again and again.

If the liquid fed in at 7 gets into the circulation line system and it is assumed that a liquid used by a pressing process is used, even if the invention is by no means restricted to the evaporation of such material, then the liquid, which has an initial temperature of 38 ° G, for example, arrives first in a heat exchanger 8, where it is heated in indirect heat exchange with the mixture of circulating condensate and condensed, relaxed vapors that come from the hottest stage of the system and thus have the highest temperature. Assuming further that the mixture of condensate and condensed vapors at a temperature of about 124 ⁰ C by a line 9 before entering the heat exchanger 8, the liquid would exit the heat exchanger duroh a line 10 to a temperature of about 121 ⁰ C. and immediately fed to another indirect heat exchanger 1T, where they are further heated by real steam, which enters through a line 12 and leaves the heat exchanger as condensate through a line. The liquid, which has now been heated to a temperature of approximately 135 ^° C., is fed to the first action stage 1 through a line 14.

L 3069 / 9.4.64

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The liquid / relaxes eioh. in the first stuf · 1, wherein, in the partial vapor V "fumes and duroh flow through a conduit at a! temperature of about 127 ⁰ C. This heiseen vapors rermisohen with the condensate duroh a line 17 by a pump 17a into a direct heat exchanger 16. The condensate in the heat exchanger 16 has already been heated to a high temperature duroh condensation of vapors during previous releases. For explanation, it can be assumed that this temperature is about 92 ^° G. After the condensate at this temperature with mixing the steam from the first reaction stage 1 and this is condensed 127 ⁰ C at about P, the resulting mixture is a temperature of about 124 ⁰ O have under which! temperature it effectively through the pipe 9 under the 'a pump 9 and in the Heat exchanger 8 flows.

In continuation of the explanation of the system, the liquid flows from the throwing stage 1 through a line 18 to the second working stage 2 or the relaxation chamber formed by this, where the vapors ^{relax at about 93 0} C and through a line 19 into a direct heat transfer or mixers arrive at the next lower temperature along the flow circle. Here the vapors mix in turn with the condensate introduced by means of a pump 21a via a line 21 at a temperature of about 64 ^° C. and are condensed by this. Next, the liquid L from the Wirkungestufe 2 flows duroh a line 22 in the effect of stage 3, relaxes at approximately 65.5 ⁰ C, and the expanded steam flows through a line 23 into a direct heat exchanger 24 where it joins the condensate mixed, that in the Y / arm thaw rather through a line 25 by means of a pump 25a at the next lower temperature, in this case about 37 ° C, was pumped into it. The relaxed vapors heat the condensate at about 27 ° to about 64 ⁰ C

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Bottom line measures, shown as a selector, the liquid L for the third effect "tuf * 3 through a line 26 into the upper level 4" relaxes see therein at a temperature Ton approximately, Jt ⁰ Ct and the resulting vapor flows through a line 27 into a direct heat exchanger 28 and emits its heat therein under BrMhrarang des duroh a line 29 with an initial temperature τοη 32 ⁰ C arriving condensate to a resulting temperature τοη about 37 ⁰ C.

With the tertiary liquid L, clay of the animal effect level 4 flows off through a line 30, returns to a pump 31 * and is then pumped back into the first indirect heat exchanger 8 through a ventilation section 32. When flowing through the conduit section 32, part of the liquid can be withdrawn through the conduit and counter to the injected liquid iron, and the remainder can be thinned through the conduit.

Next, consider the condensate as if the indirect heat exchanger 8 is flowing out. Dleeee loses a weeentHohen amount of heat to the flüeelgkeit in this Wärmetftuaeher until it 1st this through the line 33 Terläset with its femperatur dropped to about 43.5 ⁰ C. This feaperstur doesn’t let it go deep enough to be able to feed it back into the tiered stage as a coolant, consequently the condensate is fed into a speloher or overflow sump 34, the bottom of which is by means of a pump 35 in the third and last indirect Warmth & usoher is conducted. Here ee is further cooled in indirect heat with cooling water, which flows in through a pipe 37 and out through a pipe 38. This cooling sets the temperature of the condensate τοη to an input value τοη.

value τοη about 43.5 ⁰ C to an Auegangewert τοη about 32 ⁰ C down-

L 3065 / 9.4.64 00984t / Ηβί -BAD ORIGINAL

Wtnn dl · supply of condensate mixture to the tank 54 »of this Wants to raise the liquidity level, controls a level sensor Control device dia level height, dia via aina storage line 39 ain Yantll 40 actuated, then arranged in ainar line 41, in communication with the line 42 between the pump 35 and the heat exchanger 36 is available. Corresponding to the catfish the position of the valve · «40 on the rope of the condensate from the Bye tasi pumped out through line 41.

From represents Toretehenden description easily understandable basic embodiment of the invention shows that trots the Tatsaohe that represents evaporator rom Mehrstufentyρ, the Aneahl τοη indirect heat exchangers at three reduced and that trots the utilization of the steam relax for heating the duroh the system umlauftnden. Liquid the vapor «heat the condensate in direct hot water and mix with it. If this Ssjaiech reached its highest temperature, it will sur warming ä @ T liquid in a weoentliehen amount in a single Stuf © ISMM ΆΛ Is used an indirect Wärmetausohers.

Even if in dam voret «h®ui Is & j eteebenen and» ak »» 4 ~ * ii: P Flg. 1 Comprehensive Taraiiiohamliijihtfn Auafflli ^ imgsbeispiel the @rundsystens der ErfiM'aag baatiaat-ä'aiügesillhari; * ^for overeturan those who Btafea sageoran «t

v tie

the Teape ^ & ti ^ ta mi entepr «®fe # ai oigsar Aause .'- i will« ale ä: m faeshae-aa

«! Asu eaat, 1.iBut

na els ^ l-di®ee well-resurrected, only a ^ publicity of the system exx knows limit in a kfdm way rTaat-arichiada, just as the pressures of actuators vary in finer ways.

In Pig. 2 eat * on elm # n

Column "eier Stapf 1

shown,

that

aeus

la isil

of the invention .1 »Application

veraüeohaulioht, «isr» ls vertical is- · - «There are --- 'If Ctufen

1st, wu sä * <■ ··:, ■ «» * ■ ^ aohaullohen, mm drünätm d®r. ^ Er ^

L 3065 /

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at the highest pressure and temperature in the bottom part is introduced into the column and flows upwards, whereby el · relaxes at the same time, as described below will. The condensate, however, and the relaxed vapors that Mix with the liquid, flow downwards through the column. As can be seen, the column widens towards the top.

Starting from the point at which the liquid is injected into the system analogously to the representation in Mg. 1, the liquid is introduced through a 45V pipe a pipe 46 is returned. All of the combined liquid is pumped through an indirect heat exchanger 48 by means of a pump 47, where it is heated in indirect exchange with the hot condensate which flows in from the last stage of the column through a line 49. The liquid heated in this way passes from the heat exchanger 48 upwards via a line 50 to an indirect heat exchanger 51, where it is additionally heated with the aid of steam introduced at 52. The condensate formed from this steam flows after passing through a water lock 54 at. The liquid, which has now been heated for relaxation, is introduced into the first stage of action through the side wall 55 of the steam vessel. i

The levels of effectiveness in Flg. 2 are with the letters A to M. denotes, with A the first step on the ground and M the the last stage at the upper end of the vessel are marked. BIe levels of effectiveness F, G and H are omitted to save space been.

With reference to the individual cell representation in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6, in which a specific embodiment to enable a liquid flow upwards and a flow of the condensate and the condensed relaxed steam near downwards

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BATH ORIGINAL

1 Vt 94-5 5

Let us show that the side walls of the steam vessel are the parts of a single continuous cylinder with the exception of the places where this extends outward, as at 56 and 57 in S ¹ Ig. 2 is provided with the reference number 55 as in FIG. If the lowest effect in FIG. 3 is considered, that of the third effect level from the bottom in FIG. 2 and thus represents impact level C and if it is further assumed that the development of impact level C is common to all impact levels, it follows from this that it is only necessary to describe this impact level in detail.

The inner wall of the stage consists of a bottom part in the tower of an outwardly and downwardly inclined ring 58, which is connected to the wall 55 at 59 and at his inner periphery into a nearly upward cylindrical one l'eil 60 passes. At the top of the cylindrical part extends the wall near upwards and again outwards in the form of an annular part 61, which, however, in one short upwardly directed cylindrical collar 62 ends in a radially near inwardly directed distance from the side wall 55 and thereby leaves an annular gap 63 free for relaxed steam to flow through «

A circular plate 64 is connected to the side wall 55 in a liquid-tight manner at 65, where the inclined bottom ring of the next step also touches the side wall. This plate 64 is, as au »& mn Fig. 4 to 6 seen from a region close sera to the externa * periphery aue inwardly with a plurality of holes 66 provided, which form a pattern of concentric rings. These holes 66 allow condensate to pass through the plate 64 near the bottom. They are advantageously provided with dividing pins which have a considerably smaller duo diameter than the Löoher 66 and a head widening near the outside

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cross-shaped structure 68 have. The lower sections of the inclined strings 69 of these structures 68 easily penetrate the Löoher 66, but the often larger sections are larger • Open the Löoher and thus hold the shafts 67 on their plate. On the druaA itr cross-shaped formation, however, the heads 38 leave, how best from? ig. € is recognizable, considerable «passage · IUB HlnAurehf Hessen of the condensate naoh bottom duroh the Löoher along the Aueaeneeite the shafts 67 frti. Task of these pens lit it «dl · slow down the condensate flow and daa K & ndenaat rings around on the surface of the shafts 67 to distribute • ine groaae fittone en condensate in contact with the relaxed I. Bring Diapfan eu, the near up through the Ringapalt 63 etröaen. Bieee dampening will consequently condense, «loh with the condensate reralaehen and the wall part 61 down into the ■ Fliaaaen ylindrisohen part 60 and then repeat the doorway, consists in the fact that they are through the Löoher 66 in the lower Plate 64 length 4ar Sohifta 67 hlnabfliesaen.

la tat tu »eaohten that the rings τοη Luohern 66 do not reach as far as the sentrua of the plate 64, but that the plate has a single rargus-like opening 75 in the middle area, which is open to the BnAa ainaa Hohree 76. The first tube is erected above the normal condensate pagels within the cylinder 60, as is appropriate for 77, and is set up in a suitable white { kit of a cap 78 to prevent the liquid from flowing off »and tarhindarn, but on the side the discharge rates are not Kondenelerbarar Däapfe eu enable. In this way the oasis will find its way up through the opening 75 to the next rod 64 and through there sewn pipe 76 and so on out of the upper end of the system.

Even though the liquidity is calibrated in the lowest level A euf highest temperature and highest pressure is, and consequently the striving has, from level eu level upwards through the Fleas column eu, temperature and pressure are not enough for this

L 3065 / 9.4.64 QQSSiL / MS « _B AD

the end. Provision is therefore made for the liquid that it flows out of each stage through a large pipe 79 » that extends through the side wall 55 ", tile out can. This tube 79 is bent near the bottom and is provided at the lower end with a basin-shaped part 80 which, if necessary can be removed with the aid of a flange connection 81. A smaller upward flow tube 62 is within of the downwardly angled part 83 of the tube 79 and eentriert extends eioh out of the tube 79 upwards, where it fulfills the same function as the tube 50 in fig. 2 and eioh extends into the interior of the S stage.

At the lower end, the tube 82 merges into a frustoconical part which is inclined towards the bottom and inward and which serves as a valve seat for a float valve 85 of a corresponding conical shape. If, however, the float valve 85 is lifted close up from its seat, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3, such lifting taking place as a function of the level and pressure of the liquid L in the level of action C, some liquid can move upwards into the pipe 82 flow and, since the pressure on the liquid there is reduced because of the connection of the tube 32 with the steam chamber of the next stage, the liquid relaxes to a certain extent, creates a turbulence and builds up pressure. This creates the necessary additional buoyancy, which causes the liquid to flow upwards and thus into the next "action level" through the pipe section 50. Due to the relaxation is Äl $ liquid flieset in this way, from "a aweiphaaigen Demisch whose weight spesifischee let somewhat reduced.

The same arrangement and mode of operation are present from the step through the entire height of the column. Through the && $ »*« tube 50 in the last Sfmft M, the liquid relaxes, and the "ew ^ lftibeMf" collects liquid near one

BAD ORIGINAL 13065 / 9.4.64 0Q98AA / 1A69

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Splitting back and down through line 46, if the level of unity collected in the last stage Ho Oh. is enough, actuates a level control 86 via a control line 87 in valve 88, which allows the yiüesigkeit to flow away End product made possible by a pipe 89. The remaining liquid sweeps with additional items back to the heat exchanger 48 via the pump 47, as already has been explained.

The non-condensable oasis leave the system through line 90 at the top of the column and through a vacuum pump 91

That in the hot state through the line 49 downwards ™ Long condensate is by means of a pump 95 through the Heat exchanger 48 is pumped in that it gives off a substantial amount of heat during the heating of the cold liquid. After leaving the indirect heat exchanger 48 The condensate flows through a line 92 and is at A further indirect heat exchanger 94 flows through it continued to cool by using it in indirect heat exchange Cooling water is brought through, a line 95 in these flows in and out again through a line 96. That Condensate continues to rise through line 92 and is through a line part 92a in the dome-shaped upper end of the uppermost Effect level H directed. The condensate then begins its | Way back down through the column as has already been completely drilled. ,

A somewhat modified embodiment of the levels of action and the operating means for them is shown in the broken vertical line in FIG. 3. 7 »It is self-evident that the detail shown there is based on a vertical multi-stage evaporator. 2 can be used, with the special design naoh yig. 7 daratellt an alternative to the entspreohenden parts in Fig. 3.

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In FIG. 7, instead of relying on the expansion of part of the liquid as the cause of the flow from ^level to level of the column, a positive liquid flow is generated. When considering the particular details of a stage, denoted by CC and bearing in mind that the other stages in FIG. 7 are constructed in the same way, it can be seen that the cylindrical side wall 100 is penetrated by a pipe 101 at 102 in order to remove liquid to be introduced into the chamber 103 for relaxation. This chamber has a frustoconical inclining outward and downward-P de bottom wall 104, which is connected to the side wall 100 and a frustoconical upward and outward inclining Deokenwandung 105, which is in a vertical cylindrical neck 106 at a distance from the .andung 100 ends. This creates an annular gap for the upward flow of the relaxed vapors. Above the upper edge of the neck or collar 106 is a perforated plate 108 of essentially the same design as the plate 64 in Fig. 3 and sealingly connected to the wall 100 along the periphery of the bottom wall 104 of the closest effective level. This plate 108 has pins in its holes in the same way as shown in FIGS.

There is a smaller difference in this embodiment in that the plate 108 has an eccentric opening for receiving a ventilation pipe 110 for the withdrawal of the not has condensable grasses. This tube 110 also eccentrically penetrates the bottom wall 104 and the top wall 105 of the closest level of effectiveness and has a hood 111 at the upper end in the same way as the tube 76 in FIG. 3.

The main difference between this form of training and the naoh Fig. 3 consists in the fact that the condensate is pumped down, instead of with new condensed steam, that of ° tufe flows up to stage due to its own buoyancy to be mixed. To this end, each assigns

00984WU69

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Deokenwand 105 a · line 112, which is in the center let connected, with the Samael vessel for the condensate duroh dt «walls 105 and 106 is formed. The administration is led out through the wall 100 to a pump 113, from which is another line 114 below the line 112 again Burüok duroh the wall 100 extends and at 115 to the center connected to the bottom wall 104 of the effect level considered is. The pump 115 is used to do pumping clay from the condensate SaamelgefIss above the wall 105 through the line 11.2 down through the pump 115 and back inside through the Line 115t which de-condensed the condensate for mixing with it Dump into the level of effectiveness below gives away.

There is a pump 11 for each operating stage? provided by which the pressure differentials and the stages no longer go through the spatial arrangement of the condensate tower is be ^ tiwa.V, but Poeitiv duroh the pumps is determined. That way did the liquid I at the bottom of each step is a sufficient one Pressure to flow through line 116 and upward su to be caused to the next stage, in which it is led into relaxation by the wall 100, i? ie tied at 117 iot. According to Pig's arrangement. 7 becomes ulso the liquid tone level to level without reducing its specific, fishing weight guided in an eweiphanigen current. It however, there are more pump means, pump connections and line connections necessary.

The modified nut guide form shown separately in FIG untereoheidet see from the / guiding form according to Ilg. 2 in that the steam vessels and the direct condenser in shape two separate towers are formed. Furthermore, the Flow in the steam vessel tower directed downwards instead of upwards. This execution avoids any problem in relation on moving the liquid from one stage to the next by the fact that the liquid is of a higher pressure

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-16- 17,194 5

to a lower level immediately below Prints is flowing. The two-phase conveyance of liquid from As a result, one step to the next is avoided, albeit the pump entrances are also larger and steam lines are also required are.

The two towers shown in Fig. 8 are denoted by the letters H and S in their overall structure. Tower H only serves to condense the relaxed vapors and to ensure that the mixture formed by them flows through the tower from level to level to wait. In the course of this flow, the mixture is heated more and more until it is finally drawn off through a line 125 at the bottom of the tower after it has reached its highest temperature. From this line 125 the condensate is pumped by means of a pump 126 through a direct heat exchanger 127, where it gives off its' arms of a cooling liquid which flows through a line 128 into the heat exchanger. The heated liquid! Goiter «uroh aiae line 12 $ back into the system, whereby, wens g« wHas © 2it ζ * i'3- # $ il daTon as end product - through a line 130 afeg®sogfef & vi *: $ meas The rest of the way upwards

'Through «in the® Inäliiag 131 fresh liquid goods $ · # Sfiinre & iiüäg as result? i «* ³ -'Ivknag ainer level control device * 1-32 Eugo ^r! '? .ft vy-srd!? n, Hj & ni «ine transmitted through" line 1553 "'! ggsl ^ rseig. * miiYfT'l ^: '· ητΛ fin valve 134 lsi of line 131 et @ u @ rt _? wodhoy-Si viv «Front ¹ -loh near or less new liquid ^{i r} i?: l-- ε Agalei'Gö ⁴ ; ^": - ■ -.- ßifc · 'line 129 enth. "- ij.t then warmed up again m> ii & a £ ^ mo?! il & ait% lz% ii, ύί · possibly .with something fresh Plüssijfteiiitegiit; gsaisoht is. The "eee GemiJüh is in" inem ausätalichiiB ΐζ · Λ1 ^ βΚ \ ύη ^ ärrae thaue rather 135 ml "help von © öhtern steam , who is äsi Hi ^ l / »5öl®itet _r w« 44 »«? - «ipfei: * fi5 ^: l» a »# and e% rÖM * sl-i KCiidsasat böi 1 ?? doa Y .'ärmetauscher v --- il.4t ': 33t, further heated ».üsiH Vorlago ^ i Sss' .VErmetausohers via ui line 138 bifinöet sieve the PlusPl ^ fI-H- β« ιώ to ä®a, highest ?! ? fva «« rötur-. ■ md Bri'oknirgaa ua <i - ^ i.:. ^ 1ks: ^. 739 in dl? Dampfka *:.-.'-... · <4 ^f '^i; -: i 'first Ctufe of 71 ii ^ tI: * !.' : 'i. \. *> ~ .iTi & B prefaced 3055/9 ^, 61 - ^ S Λ A / 1 4 6 ϋ - ^{8AD 0RJGiNAL}

In order to adapt the comparable units of the liquid tower and the condensate tower and to make it clearer which units interact with one another, the stages of the liquid tower in FIG. uor "» uselessness) is added as an appendix. The entapreohenden units in the KondenBatturm also have the designations Λ to Q, but here with the suffix T (from "condensate"). In a similar way, the steam lines which connect the steam vessels of the liquid tower with the steam chambers of the units of the condensate tower are designated with the letters A to H and the addition V (from "vapor ¹¹ » steam).

The one at the highest! Temperature and pressure level at 39 in the Liquid introduced into the vapor chamber HO of the unit AL collects at the bottom of this unit, as indicated by L, whereupon a certain part of it relaxes. The relaxing portion flows through the steam line AT, which leads to the condensation unit AC of the condensate tower leads at 141. Here come the same as with the earlier embodiments hot vapors in contact with the condensate that the pins which are loosely inserted into holes in a plate 64, the structure of the plate being generally the same like the plate naoh Pig. 3 to 6. Oh, let's leave the record here 64 where they are at the cylindrical Auesenwand 142 of the tower 143 touches, with this tightly connected, where at the same time the periphery of the part 144 of the condensate container lies. This The condensate container settles upward from the wall 144 in the form of a cylindrical portion 145 of reduced diameter continues and widens again upwards and outwards in a frustoconical part 146. In this case, the Periphery of part 146 diohtend with the outer wall of the Tower connected at 147 because the steam instead of from below from the Is initiated from the side. In these catfish it collects with condensed steam due to the condensation process in

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BATH

of the unit BC mixed condensate in the clay on the walls 14-5,144 collecting vessels formed before it passed through the holes the plate 64 passes and is in contact with the steam the line AY coming from the unit AC. The mixture of condensate and condensed steam from the unit AC on the bottom of the stack collects only in the cylindrical collecting vessel 148, from which it flows through the line 125, for his? To give off heat as described at the beginning.

In continuation of the description of the liquid tower, each of the stages from AL downwards to OIL in this tower now has a perforated base 150. During a * # - 4ie * eW # iee a certain amount of the liquid introduced into the stage AL at 159 relaxes and flows through the line A7, and the rest passes in this manner, the fortgesetat is replenished, down duroh the fierforierungen in the bottom 150. in this relaxed g _r in the free cross section of the unit BL, with the result that the relaxed vapors flow off through the steam line BV, enter the condensate collecting vessel BC and there, as already described, are condensed by the condonsate flowing down there at the pins 37.

The liquid collected on the bottom of the BL unit flows in turn downward through the perforation into the associated perforated floor 150, and in turn relaxes in the unit CL, where the temperature and pressure are even lower. This process is repeated all the way to the bottom of the Flüsaigkeltsturmes S, while at the same time the vapors relax and in the corresponding units in the condensate tower H trespass. The individual procedural steps are the same everywhere same, and it does not require repetition of the description

The liquid that collects in the bottom chamber 151 of the liquid storm S flows through a line 152 and is from a pump 152a is pumped into the heat exchanger 127 where they, like

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L 3065 / 9.4.64 0098AA / 1469

eohon described, is reheated. Dae τοη the heat exchanger 12? incoming condensate flows after there is heat has delivered, under the action of the pump 126 through the line 137 SU to another indirect heat exchanger 154 »where ea in Oegenitrom with cooling water that enters the heat exchanger at 155 and flows out of the dleeem at 155a, which is further cooled.

Since the volume of the condensate present increases with time, Toriorfe also let a file of it hit depending on the level in the let et ea Sumel vessel. For this purpose, a control device responding to the level in the Saarael vessel 148 acts via a line 156 and a control device on a valve 158 in an output line 159 and controls the opening and closing of this valve. As shown, the line 159 is connected to the return line 153 at a point where the condensate has completely cooled. The drained condensate can of course be used for cooling in other operating stages. The remaining cooled condensate in line 153 is fed back into the head of the steam tower at 154, where it becomes effective in the HC unit for coadenation of the separated vapors, in which case the coolest vapors from the HL sod unit are absorbed dee yiüaeigkeiteturme »3 through which the HV line can get there.

Let us continue to note that the steam tower R is similar to the Steam exercise near Fig. 3 and 7 vent pipes in each stage ■ UBB Aöiiehen the non-condensable vapors. the total non-removable vapors are at the upper end of the Wlrkuafsstufe HC duroh a pipe 161 derived, which with a vacuum pump 162 is in communication while of this Pump sucked in a vacuum, the non-condensable Vapors extracted and either discharged into the atmosphere or discharged somewhere for the purpose of exposure.

L 3065 / 9.4.64

0 98ΑΛ / 1469 .'... 'BADORfGiNAL

" ²⁰ " 171345

It is assumed that from the combined description The structure and the mode of operation of the embodiment according to FIG. 8 clearly shows how this embodiment forms the basic ideas of the invention realized. It can be seen that in this embodiment there are no difficulties with regard to the Transport of the liquid from one level of activity to the next result in that it flows from a higher pressure stage directly to a lower pressure stage below. However, Ee also becomes relaxed vapor from the liquid used to heat the condensate in direct WÄrmetausoh in contrast to the previously known methods in which the ^ Liquid from such a pot is heated in indirect heat exchange ™ will. Ultimately, the mixture is effective in this configuration from condensate and condensed vapors in a single indirect heat exchanger 127, where it gives off its heat Heating of the liquid.

In Figs. 9-11 the essential features are one shown in other forms, but in the same way Way as the embodiment of Fig. 8 works and differs in nothing other than the steam tower, which although is by and large the same as in Fig. 8, at-4ea the however iei-Pitteeirgk-e ** · * «*» surrounds the liquid storm in the middle in the form of a radially divided ring.

If one first considers the structure of the in its entirety

with 200 designated steam turas, which corresponds to the steam tower according to Fig. θ so let it be seen that it consists of eight units, with eight units consisting of the divisions of the the liquid-containing ring are connected. The steam line that leads out of the hottest liquid unit, opens into the condensation unit, in which the existing condensate has been heated to the greatest extent. The simplicity sake are In the Flg. 9 to 11 the units of the steam tower,

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BAD ORiGi & U.

beginning with the first stage or the hottest end _{r designated} with 201 Ms 208. The ring designated in its entirety with 209 is subdivided into segments on the units of the Dainpfturm in a corresponding manner designated with 211 to 218. The liquid in this system is under sufficient pressure so that it flows from each compartment under higher pressure into the vapor gap of the next liquid chamber, in which the pressure is lower. The same piping system in the form of angled pipes 219 in each stage is used for this.

The pipelines that lead the expanded vapors from the expansion chamber in the segment-shaped liquid compartments to the condensing areas in the Kondensatturm are, as far as they can be seen, designated in the drawing with 221 to 228, the last digits of these reference characters being the last digits of the reference symbols the units of the steam tower as well as the units of the liquid compartments. The pipe 221 has its upper end above the liquid level in the compartment 211 in the same way as is shown for the pipe 223 in FIG. The tube 221 extends down through the bottom of this compartment and nearly inward through the side wall of the condensing unit 201. This causes the tube to introduce relaxed steam into the annular section surrounding the upper and lower frustoconical and annular partitions 231 and 232. This steam comes into contact with the condensate, which flows down the pins 67 inserted loosely into the holes in the bottom 64 of the cylindrical condensate collecting chamber 232. The pins 67 and the bottom plate 64 are the same in all respects as in FIGS. 5 and 6. In this way the final hot concentrate collects again in the bottom chamber 233, from which it is suitably comparable to that shown in FIG 8 is shown and described, is subtracted. In a similar way, the pipeline 222 guides the vapors from the segment-shaped liquid compartment 212 near the bottom into the annular vapor gap 230 of the unit 202.

BADORlGiNAL t 3065/9 * 4V64 0OS84A7 1469

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The pipes 224 and 225 are not outwardly from the Ring 209 led out, but rather extend directly into the annular ampfkammern of the stages 204 and 205 »so that no further breakthroughs in these 7 / andings required are when the pipes 226 and 227 are shown in FIG they would suitably lie in a plane along the line 10-10 to Fig. 11 and the tube 226 would expand behind the pipe 227. In order to be able to recognize it better, it is in the representation after Pig. IO offset radially inwards fenced in. Similarly, in Fig. 9, the tube 227 is after outwardly from its position behind the tube 228, where it would be located if shown in detail. That Tube 228 extends from a-segment compartment 218 upward into the steam unit of the uppermost stage 208, as shown in FIG. 9. Ea is again taken care of to reheat the liquid, to cool the condensate, to remove the finished product, for adding new liquids to the Discharge of non-condensable gases etc., in this embodiment in generally the same "Seise as according to Mg. 8, so that individual repetitions are not required. Besides, will assumed that the mode of action of this embodiment is sufficient clearly emerges from the description thereof, especially when this in connection with the description of the preceding embodiments is looked at.

Even if only presently in the above description preferred and particularly modified embodiments of devices are explained in order to show how the new basic idea of the invention both in terms of the invention Method as well as the variety of devices suitable for this can be realized, the invention is self-evident not limited to the embodiment shown and described. Of these representations and explanations expert observing is able to make changes without further ado, without departing from the basic idea of the invention.

Patent claims /

L 3065 / 9.4.1964 / S 0098Ü / U69 - - '. \

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

- 23 ■ -: - V / '^ O Claims Process «for multiple expansion evaporation of liquids, characterized in that the liquid« for the expansion and emission of vapors is caused that the vapors are condensed in direct heat exchange with a liquid coolant «whereby they heat this and« in accordance with the coolant and form the condensed λ vapors, and that this mixture is used in indirect färmetausoh with the liquid to be relaxed to heat it. 2. Procedures for multi-faculty iintspaxiiiujigBTerdaiapfung of opportunities, characterized by the fact that the eu is relaxing Fluidity guided by a number of levels of action in each of which the oil fluid to relax is initiated, that the vapors originating from each expansion of the liquid in direct heat exchange with a »liquid coolant can be condensed, whereby bχβ heat theee · from level BU level and a öemieoh off form the same with the condensate, since this mixture B * i subtracted from its highest temperature and that the Liquid for subsequent relaxation by passing the same in indirect närmetauach with the mixture whose highest temperature is heated. 3, method naoli Jnepruch 2, characterized in that condensate from previous releases as coolant Un4 condensation of vapors is used. 3065 / 9.Λ.64 OQSBLL BAD ORiGSNAL ΓΠ9455 4 * Method according to claim 2, characterized in that »daes the liquid in indirect heat exchange with a exothermic agent is further heated and returned to the relaxation that begins again. 5. A method for multiple relaxation evaporation of liquids, characterized in that the liquid for Induces relaxation in a variety of levels of activity each of which has a duck tension part and a steam condensation section with decreasing pressure and Fe temperature level from stage to stage as a result of introduction of fluid in the duck tension part of the first stage at the highest pressure and temperature level that · the evaporation of a part of the liquid is allowed and the reed of the liquid is collected that this remaining liquid to the relaxation part of one of the action levels with the next lowest temperature and Pressure level is conveyed, daee a part of the conveyed liquid is given the opportunity to calibrate to relax and steam in the next stage of action that this promotion and relaxation is continued through the multitude of stages of action, daee a Heet of liquid at the lowest temperature and pressure \ n level is left behind and that, in accordance with bit, the vapors resulting from the expansions are fed to the condensate parts of the action stages and are condensed there in direct heat with the condensate formed by previously condensed vapors, this condensate being heated and an oemiseh of the condensed vapors is formed so that by the vapors from the Entepannungeteil with the highest temperature and Druckhiveau in the condensate! expectant onsteil condensed with the highest condensate temperature door ^{# n} md the vapors from the Entepannungsteil with the next highest L 3065 / 9.4.64 009 84 ^ / 1469 ^ BAD ORIGINAL 1/1 ^ - 25 - Temperature and pressure level are condensed in the condensation part with the next lower condensate temperature and this type of condensation is continued in the same order of priority through the multitude of effect levels, since the condensate is drawn in the state of the highest temperature and indirectly at ^Tf? Then the liquid is passed by at its lowest temperature in order to heat it and to cool the probe, that the liquid is further heated in indirect heat exchange with a heat-emitting agent, that the condensate is further cooled in indirect heat exchange with a coolant and that so the The heated liquid can be returned to the de-tapping part of the first stage and the cooled probe to the condensation part of the last stage. 6. Yerfahren nacia claim 5, daduroh gekennsjeichnet that the liquid is carried upwards from step to step while the condensate is conveyed downward from level su level. 7 .. procedure according to. , Cont ^ .OH 5, characterized in that sowoiil '-J & Uzzi 8F ^ ^ ei * ^a ls also the condensate ein'Herab-flow ^ & ^ pm stage is allowed to stage ^. 8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that da3s the liquid horizontally from level to level every week promoted "., will" «-. . 9. The method according to claim 5 »characterized in that "some of the fluid is induced to depressurize, as it moves from level to level, and that pressure from this relaxation to support it used for promotion from stage to stage. L 3065 / 9.4.64 1 (K Vtrfahren according to claim 5, characterized in that the condensate positive downwards from stage to stage is promoted. 11. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the liquid is given the opportunity to flow down from 3tuf e to otufe. 12. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that some of the fluid at the end of the relaxation cycle All end product is withdrawn and fresh liquid is good is added after peeling off. 13. Device for performing the method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by an oerie of Kanmern to relax the fluid, Means for conveying the unpressurized liquid from chamber to chamber, means for condensing that from the expansions resulting vapors in direct heat exchange a coolant within with the ventilation chambers connected chambers, an indirect vV & rmet from rather to conduction of liquid from the inde of the series of expansion chambers through its one passage and to the conduit of Condensate from the condensing means at the end of the condensation chambers through the other passage in order to heat the liquid through the condensate in one stage. 14. The device naoh claim 13, characterized in that the first indirect heat exchanger in relation to the Fluid flow a second indirect. '/ Heat exchanger for further heating of the same downstream i3t and that the first indirect heat exchanger with regard to the condensate • in the third indirect heat exchanger for further cooling of the same follows. BAD ORIGINAL L 3065 / 9.4.1964 00984W1469 15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that daee the chambers are arranged in a vertical tower / ti. Method according to claim 15, characterized by means «Ur upward conveyance of the liquid from a chamber sur others within the vertical Turmee, these Gowns, pipes and tents arranged in them. "-. ■ ff. The method according to claim 15, characterized by between Pumps arranged in the condensation chambers for »pumping down the condensate. ^ f8. Method according to claim 13 * characterized by surfaces Formative means to favor the touch of the relaxed steam and a coolant. %%. Method according to claim 13, known without by swei Tertical towers do the one who do the means but creation a series of tension chambers for the liquid and the other tower contains the condensation center. 20. The method according to claim 13, gekennseiohhet by a single vertical fmrm with a »of an annular file-surrounded »central part, with 4 ring-shaped part t »compartment is subdivided according to which the relaxation * Chambers form the londeneationekeifl around the ontral part contains. . '"■-' ■■ ■ '.- ■" ■ - ".' ■, ■■ · - ■; ^·: ■■ .--; - .: ■ ';. 3Oi5 / 9.4.19 «4 / S QQSSLL / '" BAD ORSGlNAL Blank page