DE1704331A1 - Process and device for the production of hollow bodies, e.g. plastic bottles and bottle containers produced according to this process - Google Patents

Description

13 e s c h r e i b u n g Process and equipment for production of hollow bodies, e.g. 13. of bottles made of plastic and produced by this process Bottle container.

The invention relates to a method and a device for production of hollow bodies z. 13. of bottles made of plastic and manufactured using this process Bottle container. Modern bottles made of plastic have so far been used almost exclusively Manufactured in the blow molding system, and in such a way that in blow molding machines by means of feed a plastic tube is inflated by compressed air and the bottles piece by piece separated by jaw elements or by Quetsoh tools and so finished from the Machine come.

This method has major drawbacks because the work is done once of blowing takes a considerable amount of time and even the previously known best and largest blow molding machines, those with three hoses and, for example, with work six shapes, throw p. Hour max. 1500 bottles. The bulk consumers on bottles, e.g. B.

Breweries or dairies, on the other hand, require hourly output of approx. 10,000, 20,000 or even more bottles for filling beer, milk and the like. Therefore, several blow molding machines would have to be set up next to one another to ensure the availability of bottle stocks at large filling companies.

However, since an automatic blower, compl. with an infeed conveyor, at least a considerable one It costs a lot of effort, huge car deliveries are required here if you have the bottles wanted to supply a bottling plant in the quantity he needed.

Such companies should also have this machine in their company set up, because a shipment of ready-blown bottles is because of the large Volume practically impossible.

All of these economic difficulties push the relevant ones Industries after a change in the procurement of bottles to supply the buyer as lucrative and as fast as possible.

The aim of the invention is to create a novel method of making bottles made of plastic, which avoids all these disadvantages and enables any desired number of such bottles in the brewery with the smallest possible space requirement to store yourself and without the need to be in the brewery or dairy itself to establish the large plants. This possibility is achieved in that the Bottle is no longer blown in one piece, but vacuum-drawn in two pieces.

The invention is based on that in the additional patent.

(Registration Sch 30. 190 I / 39a2 from 8/24/61) explained thoughts, that two hollow bodies, which are provided with a congruent Randilansch, by means of which the intimate and durable connection between the top and bottom of the bottle is produced, find use, with the upper half of the bottle on the bottle neck is provided with a filling opening by removing the cap. The applied * e The manufacturing process is basically the same as for the additional patent. in the It is therefore provided that at least two partial hollow bodies each consist of a thermoplastic n Plastic film vacuum-drawn, punched out and the top of the bottle with a Filling opening provided, the partial hollow bodies if necessary by means of a screen printing Od. Like. -device labeled or printed, then stacked and then the encased and sealed both partial hollow bodies connected to one another on the spot will.

According to this process, a bottle top is vacuum-drawn and also a flat lower part.

These two parts of the bottle are conical and can be used just like drinking cups or packaging cups, stacked one inside the other and at any point with the largest Savings can be shipped extremely cheaply.

According to the invention, these bottle tops and bottoms can both thermoplastic injection molded as well as vacuum drawn can be produced. In the latter In this case, the closure that is present at the filling opening during vacuum pulling is removed.

The production method of these two bottle tops and bottoms takes place in the quiet that from a roll of film in the corresponding thickness, expediently approx. 1.5 to 2 mm thick, this plastic film strip runs through a heating station * This heating station can be divided into several zones two to six times or even more and the more heating zones there are, the more rational the machine can be work. The film strip heated in this time zone runs into a vacuum pulling device. In this, any number of form stacks run into the material, press the same downwards and conically deform the top of the bottle. Do the same in the parallel machine for the bottle base.

After deforming, it becomes coherent in one piece vacuum-deformed band part conveyed into the punching unit. Here the bottle tops are or subdivide separated from the foil strip by punching, the die cut is separated ejected and the top or bottom of the bottle

-bottom parts run on a conveyor belt. The bottom part of the bottle that may have a cylindrical shape or is slightly conical is fed directly to a stacking unit via a discharge belt and is added to the stack the bulk bottling companies (breweries, dairies or the like) forwarded.

The top of the bottle, on the other hand, is still closed on the filler neck st, goes through a so-called

Finishing machines, in which the bottle neck with a filling opening is provided by punching or cutting off the cap. Then this also runs Bottle top automatically to the stacking station, where it is stacked one inside the other and shipped in cardboard boxes. In this way you can now have unlimited quantities made of such bottle tops and bottoms and dispatched.

Details of the invention, as well as the further development in the filling plants is essentially explained in more detail in a schematic drawing, and between show: Fig. 1: The development of a bottle from the film to the punching, Signing or printing in a screen printing system, stacking the two partial hollow bodies, connecting the two bottle components, filling and closing the there, filled bottle; Fig. 2: in a side view, the production process for the top of the bottle up to the stacking; 2a: the same for the lower part of the bottle; Fig. 3: the attachment and connection of the bottle parts placed one on top of the other, as well as alternatively Fig. 3a: the filling and sealing of the bottle neck by means of heat and finished bottle, as well as FIG. 3b: molding of an edge bulge or a thread at the neck of the bottle, filling and closing with a crown cap or screw cap, as well as finished, filled bottles; Fig. 4: a modern type of packaging several bottles or a range of bottles.

In the illustration according to Fig. 1 (sheet i), the film is denoted by i, which as an endless belt from the supply roll 2 is deducted. The partial hollow body of the bottles, namely Fla's upper part 3 with neck approach 3a and bottom part 4 of the bottle are two-way conical and are Vacuum drawing process by means of a punching tool 5, leaving one horizontal, flange-like connecting edge 6, separated from the film i, and between a punch hole 7. The remainder of the film 1 forms waste. The shape of the bottle tops or * -bottom parts is not limited according to the invention to the conicity, The upper part and / or the lower part of the bottle can also have a cylindrical shape.

With the punching tool 5 is another for the bottle top 3 Cutter 8 switched in line, walches the bottle neck closed by the pulling process 3a opens by cutting off the cap. A screen printing device is used to label the bottles interposed, which either the top part 3 and / or the bottom part of the bottle 4 with an inscription or an image 9 or the like. Identifies.

The production sequence is indicated by the arrows 10 in each case. To During the printing process, the bottle parts 3 and 4 are each separately usable, in any case, however, stacked in larger quantities and the individual stacks 11 or iia are sent to the large filling companies. In the large filling companies (breweries, Dairies or the like) are top and bottom by means of machines set up for this purpose 3, 4 placed one on top of the other and, according to the invention, with one another by means of ultrasound tied together. The previously mentioned edge areas form the connecting surfaces.

In Fig. 1, the connecting tools are designated by 12 and 13, respectively. The now finished bottle 14 is fed to a filling station 15 and then by means of Schwaißschieben od. The like. Firmly closed on the neck 3 by pressing together.

Fig. 2 ff. Shows schematically the development according to the invention in Side view. The film 1 is by means of pressure or transport rollers or rollers 17 supplied to one or more heating stations 18 before the vacuum deformation by means of the draw plates 19 takes place. However, vacuum deformation is not the only option for shaping the bottle parts 3, 4. These can also be carried out to the same extent Injection tools made by injection molding (not shown in the drawing) will.

After the deformation, as mentioned, the drawing pieces were punched out 3, 4. This process is also expediently carried out in separate work steps, in order to achieve separate stacks for the top and bottom of the bottle 3, 4.

After punching out or after shaping, the bottle parts arrive 3, 4 in the Sibbdruckeinrichtung 20, which the special shape of the bottle parts because it is designed as a rotary machine. On a downstream conveyor belt 21, the partial bodies arrive in separate stacking devices 22, from which they removed after their attachment by means of a cover 23 which can be pivoted downwards can be. For the exact stacking of the partial hollow bodies 3, 4, in particular for smooth machine removal from the stack, the bottle parts are in the vicinity of the circulating The connecting edge is provided with an integrally formed stacking edge 24 * In Fig. 3 this is Placing the bottle parts 3, 4 on top of one another is illustrated. The stacked parts of the bottle 3 4 each fall from a vertical tube 25, 26 with the aid of jaw elements 27 on e in conveyor belt 28, the shape that on each one flat lower part 4 intermittently a bottle top 3 comes to rest, which parts together in the downstream Welding status 29 are firmly serbudez From here onwards arise two alternatives (Fig. 3a and 3b) in the design of the bottle closure. According to Fig. 3a, the bottle 14 of the filling station 15 and then immediately the Closure (Sohweiß-) station 16 is supplied and the bottle is ready for dispatch. It can however, there are possibilities in which a closure welding is not required appears, so that in the conventional way of locking by means of KronenkErken or must be used by means of screw caps. This variation shows the Fig. 3b. An intermediate tool is used on the empty bottle 30 a bead 31 is applied to which a crown cap after the bottle has been filled 32 is pressed in a well-known manner (see also Fig. I).

If the intermediate tool is stored differently 30, a screw thread can be applied to the bottle neck 3a, so that the Bottle contents prevented from unintentional emptying by a screw cap e 53 will.

According to the present results it is possible according to the invention for example with a forty-fold fori and six-zone heating approx. 40,000 Bottle tops and bottoms in one machine each p. Hour to manufacture.

So there can be unlimited quantities of such bottle tops and bottoms can easily be produced in a fully automated operation. The parts are packed in cardboard boxes and thus reach the large filling stations of breweries and dairies or the mineral water companies. During further processing in these large filling stations then only one machine is required, which is the bottle tops and bottoms welded together continuously. According to the invention, as indicated, this is expediently done by ultrasonic welding. But where, as indicated, another type of connection is preferred or must be preferred, this is by means of the flange-like after outside edge parts of the bottle parts possible without difficulty It It goes without saying that the bottle is made of different plastic raw materials can be produced. Scjilag-resistant polystyrene, which against Impact and fracture are largely insensitive} in any case, decidedly less sensitive like the previous glass bottles. Of course, high-pressure polyethylene could also be used as the raw material or the like. Be used.

With this configuration of the bottles, a color-contrasting design is also possible Manufacture of the bottle tops and bottoms or an execution z. B. with transparent or covered parts of the bottle, so that also in this respect the relevant Inudstrie hardly faces difficulties any more.

The above method is of course also suitable for the production of all Types of undercut hollow bodies, such as vases or the like.

In Fig. 4 is still a new type of packaging of bottles of the aforementioned Kind shown. Due to the flange-like protruding connection edges Bottles in Grulipen of three or five and more through a profile band, which is provided with an inside groove, summarize as a packaging unit. the The groove of the ring band lies close to the named edge beads.

The profile band is expediently made of thermoplastically deformable materials manufactured and can easily be closed together at the ends Unite ring.

Claims (4)

Patent (Sohutz) claims 1. Process for the production of bottles made of plastic, suitable for filling any liquid, according to additional patent .......... (Registration Sch 30 * 190 X / 39a2), that at least two partially hollow bodies each vacuum-drawn from a thermoplastic plastic film, punched out and the top of the bottle provided with a filling opening, the partial hollow body, if necessary, labeled or written by means of a screen printing or similar device printed then stamped and then the two parts hollow body in place connected to each other, filled and sealed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges the partial hollow body (bottle upper and lower part) designed as connecting edges are. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that for the upper part of the bottle is a film as an endless band after passing through one or more Heating stations is plasticized, then a fully automatic vacuum drawing machine with downstream punching device with bottle neck opening device for attachment a filling opening, a screen printing system and a stacking device will* 4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized gekeilnzeiohnet that for the bottom part of the bottle the same film as an endless one Band is plasticized after passing through one or more heating stations, then a fully automatic vacuum drawing machine with downstream punching device, is fed to a screen printing system and a stacking device. 5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two stacks of bottle top and bottom each be introduced into an automatically operating delivery unit, from which these Parts successively and intermittently delivered to a conveyor belt and to one complete Bottle placed one behind the other and then firmly together at the edges get connected. 6. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, This is indicated because # the connection between the two upper and lower parts of the bottle takes place by means of ultrasound or by means of high-frequency welding. 7. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, thereby gekeunzeichnett that the bottles in the direction of the further production process filled in, closed with a sealing device and ejected or possibly are fed to the packaging units. 8. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, gekennzeichnett that the bottles after connecting their upper and lower parts by means of a molding device with an edge bead or with a thread, for application z. B. a crown cap or a screw cap. 9. Bottle container produced by the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of two interconnected partial hollow bodies (Bottle top and bottle bottom) consists. 10. hollow body or bottle according to claim 9, characterized in that that the two partial hollow bodies are welded together. ii. Hollow body according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one of the two partial hollow body means Screen printing is labeled or illustrated. 12. Hollow body according to claim 9, characterized in that it is colorless or colored transparent or opaque. 13. Hollow body according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the partial hollow bodies are horizontal on the lateral surface Have edge approaches as a stacking edge. 14. Hollow body according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 13, characterized in that both the binding edge and the edge approach at the same time represent a stabilizing edge for stacking n. 15. Device for performing the method according to claim i, characterized characterized in that it consists of a vacuum drawing machine with upstream heating units, as well as a punching device with a bottle neck separator and a stacking device, for their removal, a dosing device for successive delivery of one of the associated Partial hollow body, a welding device, a filling station and a bottle closure device consists. 16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that between Welding device and the filling station alternatively a requesting device for an edge bead or for a screw thread for a mechanical bottle closure (Kronenkorkei or screw cap) is arranged. 17. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that a Screen printing device is provided. 18. Apparatus according to claim 15 to 17, characterized in that the connection between the individual stations by conveyor belts od. Like. Established will. 19. Apparatus according to claim 15 to 18, characterized in that for all Operations synchronously switched control means are provided. 20. Quantity of bottles that can be combined to form a packaging range, thereby characterized in that this can be configured by a horizontal ring to form a closed ring Profile tape can be produced. 21 * Packaging range according to claim 20, characterized in that that the profile strip is provided with an inside groove in which the connecting edges are located of the range of bottles.