DE1660390A1 - Composite acrylic bulk fibers - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to composite Acrylbauechfasern and a method for producing the same _β Bisbesondere the invention relates to composite Aerylbauschfasf ^ n the high-grade Kräuselmerkmale, good bulking and excellent Kompressionsfederungsvermogen bsw "resiliency own, so the properties which ο make the fiber particularly suitable for use as a quilt stuffing It has been known for some time $ daiä eime Steppdek- "ken ~> or very useful eats Wattierungafüllung acrylic synthetic fiber because si has awarded a © © Wäsmeretenfcion _f spawns from Gewieht and in many other way

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looks is cheap.

However, the usual synthetic acrylic fiber is not sufficiently satisfactory in terms of appearance and bulk elasticity. Has fibers even in the case of composite acrylic represented by the same spinning, 7erstreckungs ~ and Heißrelaxierungsbehandlung, they VDE usually at ordinary acrylic fibers used are ₃ Paser produced an unsatisfactory low Young's modulus and is therefore not suitable enough for use as a quilt filling ο

It has now been investigated what behavior and properties are specifically required in a useful composite acrylic fiber, and it has been found. ₅ that two properties, namely high frizziness and a high Young's modulus, are the most important preconditions for any improvement in the structural and elasticity of a fiber of this type. The essential requirements s which must therefore be met by any susammengesetzöen acrylic fiber ₂ to be ^v erv.endbar as quilt fill or charge make successfully consist _in? that the fibers not only have a three-dimensional ripple aoll ₅ which is densely distributed ₉ but also a 110Iv ¹ I degree of ripple and a high Young ¹ see module *

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However, none of the previously known types of composite acrylic fiber are known ₉ which have all of these desirable properties.

It is now possible to manufacture a ausammengesetzte acrylic fiber _9, the MRA 10 or more crimps per 25, eist a crimp percent of 15% or more and a Young'echen modulus of 80 g / dea or more v /, so values _s make them particularly make it suitable for use as a quilt filling »

A comparison of the behavior of composite acrylic fiber of the invention and that of a conventional one-component acrylic synthetic fiber iat in Table I indicated, the specified Young's moduli were determined as follows "20 ram each mono filament were in a Tensilon tensile tester (Toyo Measuring Instruments _s Co _0, Ltd. .) was introduced, whereby a load of 0.1 g / den was applied for a meow o Then the mono thread was stretched at a speed of 50 5 lbs / min. The Young's modulus of this monofilament was calculated from the slope of the elastic zone in its strength-elongation curve

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TABLE I.

Behavior of the monofilament:

Crimp frequency

(Number of crimps / 25 mm) crimp degree (%) Young's module (g / den)

Fiber hot

relaxed according to Orion 21 stretching and, (according to the invention, prior to drying, according to the fiber as in the invention, acrylic fiber invention KxT an L von du Pont)

30.7
103.5

15.2

29.8
38.3

14.7

28.0
41 ₀ 1

11.5

18.5 41.4

Behavior of the quilt filling:

Specific volume (cnr / g) 1 g / cffl2 load Specific volume (cnr / g) 50 g / cm2 load

66.5
16.5

53.5
14.5

From Table I it can be seen that the composite acrylic fiber of the present invention has a higher Young's modulus than conventional acrylic fiber apart from its higher degree of curl and its greater number of crimps per unit length. As for the quilt filling, it is natural that in terms of bulk As shown in Table I, however, in the case of a synthetic acrylic fiber composed of consists of a single material component, ζο B ₀ Exlan L (Japan Exlan Company Limited) only a two-dimensional crimp, as obtained by mechanical crimping, with the result that, in terms of bulk, it is the usual composite acrylic fiber, ζο Bo Orion T-21 (E. . I ₀ du Font, USA), which has a three-dimensional screw crimp, despite the fact that both are almost identical in terms of the number of crimps per unit length and the degree of crimp ". Nevertheless, when comparing the quilt filling made from the known composite acrylic fiber with that of the composite acrylic fiber according to the invention, it can be seen that, as shown in Table I, even with a practically identical number of yarns and an identical degree of curl, the quilting

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The filler made of the composite acrylic fiber of the present invention is superior to that of the conventional composite fiber in both bulkiness and bulk elasticity. This phenomenon can only be explained by the fact that the composite acrylic fiber according to the invention has a higher Young ⁹ module

A composite acrylic fiber, which has the desired features just mentioned, can be produced in the following manner described in detail o Two or more solutions of different acrylic polymers ₉ which have different thermal behavior are spun simultaneously by the wet spinning process into a composite fiber, in which over the entire length, these two or more dissimilar polymer components arranged eccentrically sindο the fiber is washed with water and then projecting stretched and oriented then the fiber at a temperature not exceeding 80 ⁰ G and without voltage, bypassing a Heißrelaxierungsbehandlung or without voltage after the fiber into suitable Is cut to length, dried "In this way, a fiber is obtained which has a Young's modulus of 80 g / denier or more and which has a three-dimensional screw crimp with a high crimp frequency and a high degree of crimp"

In sharp contrast to the usual manufacturing method of

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composite acrylic fibers thus distinguished not OF INVENTION ° dung proper method by the step of drying the drawn and oriented fiber at a temperature of about 80 ⁰ C without voltage from _f wherein a Relaxierungsbehandlung is bypassed _s thereby ensuring a composite acrylic fiber _9, the high Young 'See module and possesses high crimp frequencies and high levels of crimp c

According to the method of the present invention _{, if the fiber is dried without tension after the steps of extruding 3} washing and drawing and a heat relaxation treatment is avoided, the Young's modulus of the fiber is lowered if the drying is carried out at a temperature above 90 ° C, since in this case the fiber is subjected to a relaxation treatment to a lesser extent (Table II). When this happens, the beneficial feature of the screw curl is also adversely affected, and accordingly the performance of the final quilt filling also becomes unsatisfactory.

ΤΑΒΕΗ, Ε II

Drying ^{temperature 0} C 30 50 60 70 90 110 Behavior of the monofilament:

Crimping frequency (An 15.4 16.4 14.4 14 _e 6 9.3 8.0 number of crimps /
25 mm)

Crimp degree (%) 28.1 3O ₉ 7 3O ₈ 5 24.7 16.5 10.8

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Young'seher module 115 _? S 103.5 98 _S 4 95.1 80.4 75-.O (g / den)

Behavior of the Steppdek = »kenfüll?

Specific volume 63 _f 2 66.5 62 _? 5 56.2 M? _t 9 44.3 (cm5 / g) (at 1 g / em2 load)

Specific volume 14.0 14 ₉ 5 14.0 12.8 11.8 (ca3 / g) (at 50 g / 2 load)

If the fiber dried as above and a fielaxierungswärmebehandlung is bypassed ₅ no crimp is formed _s when the drying is carried out under Spanaung, with the result? that the end product becomes completely unsatisfactory ο

The term "aery! Polymer ^11, as used herein _s means all polymers which consist mainly of acrylonitrile, including the copolymers of acrylonitrile with other copolymerizable therewith vinyl monomers and polymer blends thereof with other Polymerenο For vinyl monomers, and other groups capable of polymerizing compounds include, for example, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and other acrylic acid derivatives, acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and their related derivatives, vinylpyridine and its derivatives, allylsulphonic acid, methylisulphonic acid and its derivatives and all other monomers that are copolymerizable with acrylonitrile,

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Combinations of acrylic polymers that can be used to achieve composite aeryl fibers _{9, such as fiber 3} according to the invention, which have a high Young's modulus of 80 g / denier, high crimp frequencies and a high degree of crimp ₉ include (a) the combination of two or more acrylic polymers with different compositions and in particular acrylic polymers whose acrylonitrile contents are different from one another "(b) the combination of acrylic polymers ₉ which have the same composition but different molecular weights and (c) the combination of the two types mentioned above of combinations o

The inventive method particularly advantageous 1st ₈ when the spinning solutions of acrylic polymers in a solvent such as Natriumrhodanat "nitric acid, zinc chloride, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like, _B 'according to the wet spinning spun into a composite fiber werdenο

The following examples explain the invention without restricting it. All percentages are based on weight related

EXAMPLE 1

A copolymer consisting of 91 % acrylonitrile, 9 % methyl acrylate and 0.5 % sodium methallylsulfonate and a further copolymer consisting of 89 % acrylonitrile, 11% methyl acrylate

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and O ₉ 5% NatrlummethallyXsulforiat are each dissolved in a ^ 9% aqueous solution of Natriumrhodenat, _o prepare two spinning solutions, the solutions simultaneously to a cable in an 8% aqueous solution of sodium »rhodanate by means of a device as in of the well-known Japanese patent application 2M- 301/64 and to which two _{metering pumps are connected s} extruded, and after washing, the cable is pre-stretched to nine times its original length »

The spinneret used here has 6532 openings, each 0j09 mm in diameter ^ where the number of spindles is 20 ο Then the fiber is ^{dried without tension at a temperature of 50 0} G ο Then the fiber is cut to lengths of 51 mm, which are cut with Telon N -50 oil (Matsumoto oils and Fats Co », Ltd.) are sprayed such that 0 ₉ 4% can be oil adsorbed on the fiber * the fiber is then at room temperature allowed to stand undisturbed, so that the Cl bleibto moisture-free the above procedure is a composite acrylic fiber of 6 the (a) ₀ on the other hand, is dried part of the above hot drawn fiber in air at a temperature of the dry bulb of 120 ⁰ C and the wet bulb temperature of 78 ° C and then through a hot water bath at 80 ⁰ C run After mechanical crimping, the fiber receives a Heißrelaxierungsbehandlung at 120 ⁰ C without tension agent e saturated water vapor in

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a steam oven, and is then passed through a 0.3% aqueous solution of Telon N-50 (Matsumoto Oils and Fats Co _e, Ltd. ") · The run Paser is to lengths of 51 ma cut s at a temperature of 90 ⁰ C to be dried. The above procedure also produces a 6 denier composite acrylic fiber.

The properties of the two fibers prepared as above are summarized in Table III.

Then each of the fibers is formed into a web by means of a roller card, and 100 g of the web are formed into a A cube shape is introduced, the bottom of which is a 20 cm square, to make a quilting filling. These quilting fillings are subjected to (1) a load of 1 g / cm for 1 min, (2) then Subjected to load of 50 g / cm for 1 min and (3) the Loads are finally removed and the quilted fillings are left to stand undisturbed for 1 min Repeated nine times, and after applying a load of 1 g / cm and leaving the quilting undisturbed for 1 min the specific volume of each quilting filling is measured. A load of 50 g / cm is then applied and the quilted fillings are left to stand undisturbed for 1 minute. The specific volume of each quilted fill is measured. The results are summarized in Table III

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TABLE III

Behavior of the XSono thread ι (AWAY)

KrMuselfrequene (number of frills- 16.4 15.2 lungs / 25 mm

Crimp degree (%) 30.7 29.8

Xoung ¹ shear module 103.5 38.3 Behavior of the quilted filling Specific volume (cmVg) 66 »5 53? 5

1 g / cm2 load

Specific volume (cmVg)

50 g / cm2 load 16.5 1 ^ »5

Specific volume (cnVe) 66.7 53 * 6

after removing the load

From Table III it can be seen that the inventive composite acrylic fiber not only see a high roung's Modulus, a high number of crimps and a high degree of crimp but also has excellent bulk when used as quilting. This invention Composite acrylic fiber has desirable properties that make it particularly suitable for use as quilting, but it goes without saying that this is not the case means that the same fiber can only be used for this purposeo it can also be used with success in carpets, blankets, and various types of clothing.

EXAMPLE 2 The two different spinning solutions of Example 1 are used

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simultaneously spun and drawn under the same conditions as in Example 1 with the exception that the extrusion speed is varied ₉ so that 91 % acrylonitrile-containing copolymer and 89 % acrylonitrile- containing copolymer are extruded through common openings in a ratio of 30:70 o

The knitted cable is cut into lengths of 51 mm and subjected to the oil treatment. Then, the fiber 20 is 60 min at ⁰ G getrocknetα The properties of the fiber and the web produced by carding the fiber are shown in Table IV '

IV

Behavior of the monofilament:

Crimping frequency (number of crimps 1O ₉ 5 gen / 25 mm)

Degree of curl (%) 18.6

Young's module 97 »0

Behavior of the quilted filling (web):

Specific volume (cmVg) at 1 g / cm 69 »1 load

Specific volume (en Ve) at 50 g / cm ² 12.3 load

Compared to the fiber of Example 1 (A), it can be seen that the fiber of Example 2 has a lower curling frequency and the web which let »Pies shows that the curling characteristics of the fiber and the properties of the carded web can be varied by changing the ratio the two different polymers is varied "

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Claims (1)

Io composite acrylic bulk fiber, characterized by the eccentric arrangement of two or more acrylic polymer components along the entire length of the fiber, the composite acrylic fiber having a crimp frequency of more than 10 / 25DHBm _9, a crimp degree of 15% or more and a Young's modulus of 80 g / has or more » 2o method for the production of a composite acrylic = bulk fiber, characterized in that one of two ode? Compound acrylic fiber consisting of more polymer components with different shrinkage behavior, in which the components are arranged eccentrically over the entire length of the fiber, without tension at a temperature of not more than 80 ⁰ C after extrusion and stretching with the avoidance of a thermal relaxation treatment is dried ο 109820/1987