DE1435500A1 - Method and apparatus for producing thickened filamentary yarns - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for producing thickened Thread yarns

The "invention" relates to a method and an apparatus for the production of thick (bulky) thread yarns from polymers

The currently used method of making thick Yarn made from synthetic fibers, such as ζ · Β · made from synthetic fibers Acrylic fibers, includes the intermingling of »white fiber types with different properties for the first type of fiber has a high shrinkage when exposed to heat, while the second type of fiber only shrinks slightly when exposed to heat Those from such a mixture of fibers spun together manufactured yarns or products are heat treated, so that the fibers with high shrinkage can shrink. In another known method, the thickness of the Threads achieved in that aie yarns aurcli one with iioher Speed from a nozzle exiting air jet run, so that unreuelniciBi ^ e layers and loops in aeüi 3 fiber yarn be educated.

An object of the invention is to provide a thick yarn,

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that from continuous threads made of polymers, e.g. from acrylic polymores, is composed, and which has both a good thickness ("bulk)" and those advantages that the filamentary yarns and the 'dextile webs are peculiar to

Another object of the invention "is to provide a simple method of making one Fiber yarn *

Another object of the invention is to provide a ' simple device for producing such a yarn »

In short, according to the invention, there are a number of different ones fiber-forming polymers »which differ in thread form possess thermal shrinkage properties, at the same time extruded through a plurality of openings provided in a single spinneret to. continuous threads to form from a plurality of bundles with different proportions, the threads subsequently to form the thickness in the mixed yarn are heat-treated

In accordance with the invention, the above method is expedient carried out by using a spinning device with a spinneret, the plurality of in several groups has subdivided openings so that the term polymers through, the relevant composed of openings Groups are extruded.

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The invention wiru in the following with reference to the drawing; iiciiier ex-refined; show in the drawing:

■ 'Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of one for carrying out the method according to the invention suitable device,

2 and 3 are cross-sections of the same device along the section lines A-A and B-B shown in Fig. 1, respectively.

Figure 4 is a partial cross-section of a spinneret of the same Facility on a larger scale,

FIG. 5 shows a section along the line GG from FIG. 4,

6 shows a representation of another device of the invention corresponding to the view of FIG. 1,

7 and 8 are sections along the lines E-E and F-F in Fig. 6,

FIG. 9 is a partial section of a spinneret of the type shown in FIG Facility in enlarged letting rod, and

10 shows a section along the line G-G from FIG.

1-5 is a clamping device for manufacturing of thick yarn according to the invention, which generally comprises a spinneret 3 with a number of openings 1, 2 having. In the device shown, the openings are divided into two rows, namely an inner row 1 and an outer row 2 concentric to it. Inside an esophagus 6, a cylindrical sleeve 5 is arranged, the lower edge 4 of which into one provided on the rear side of the spinneret 3 Groove is fitted and between the inner opening.

row 1 and the outer row of openings 2, arranged as shown ' BAD ORiSiNAL

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'is. The spinneret 3 and the cylindrical sleeve 5 are shown in FIG assembled in a suitable manner and supported on the end of the esophagus 6 by means of a threaded ring 7 »In assembled Form an annular space 9 is formed between the esophagus "6 and the cylindrical sleeve 5. A different one Spinning solution or a molten polymer is introduced into each of spaces 8 and 9 from separate sources of food »Das First spinning fluid flows from the opening 8 into a chamber 11 down to openings 1. The second spin fluid flows off the space 9 into an annular chamber 12 through a plurality of openings 10 to the openings 2. Different threads are simultaneously extruded through the inner openings 1 or the relevant outer openings, so that a yarn composed of two different fibers or threads is obtained.

6-10 is another embodiment of a device shown according to the invention, which differs from the device shown in Figs. 1-5 only in that that the openings are divided into three concentric rows 1, 13 and 2, and that the deeper edge 4- the cylindrical Sleeve 5 is fitted into an annular groove made in the rear the spinneret 3 is provided and runs along and through the openings 13 of the intermediate row. The order of the separating edge 4- is made so that it is in each of the openings 13 extends into it while separating the inner openings 1 and the outer openings 2 from one another

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A different dope or a molten polymer is introduced into each of the seams 8 and 9 separated from one another by the cylinder 5 from separate feed sources. The first spinning fluid is extruded from the chamber 11 through the inner openings 1, while the second spinning fluid is extruded from the ring chamber 12 through the outer openings. In this case, these parts are two fluids of a viscous fluid extruded simultaneously as a two-component flow through the openings 13 of the intermediate Beihe%, so that two-component Fäuen or so-called · conjugate filaments are formed. By means of the device shown in FIGS. 6-10, a continuous _{hede o} arn or web is obtained which consists of three different types of threads.

It is clear that the number of openings and also the number of holes in the spinneret can be reduced or increased depending on the desired fineness of the fabric produced and the desired proportion of the various threads in the yarn, even if the arrangement of the openings can be changed and the apertures may therefore be arranged in a straight VieIzaiii Heiken, but the arrangement shown in the figures in terms of structural Überleguii is _ö -en to facilitate feeding of the different spinning solutions and facilitate separation of the solutions UNU preferable openings.

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! Furthermore, it is clear that, if desired, the openings in three or more rows divided or separated from each other and the spinning device can be modified to the effect, that three or more different spinning solutions stranded simultaneously through the corresponding groups of openings. can be pressed "

Saher can choose a suitable one Spinning device the most diverse, from different types Components in different compositions are extruded at the same time

They geaäß the threads of the AECF Indang forming components may be chosen from among the Yor & iaasetzung of various synthetic faserbilaen & s high polymers that components untrer ¹ äfoxilielien spinning conditions _t in load extrudable siad and dL & they ß as load different thermal shrinkage properties possess "·

Therefore, the components composing a type of thread can be selected, for example, from polycondensates such as polyesters, polyamides, etc., from polymers of monomers unsaturated with ethylene such as acrylonitriles, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, copolymers and other graft copolymers. Among them, acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers containing at least 80 % by weight of acrylonitrile are preferred because of the difference in thermal shrinkage of the components

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easily by copolymerizing acrylonitrile with an oaer several suitable copolymerizable monomers can be controlled, or by incorporation of one or more , additional substances in the form of graft copolymers or polymer mixtures in acrylonitrile polymer or a copolymer.

Typical "compositions that can be used in the invention, which are copolymerized with acrylonitrile or their I.

Polymers can be blended with acrylic polymers to -the thermal shrink properties of the resulting polymer to control are e.g. the vinyl esters of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, Vinyl butyrate, etc., furthermore the esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, etc., acrylates and methacrylates and so on and others ethylenically unsaturated Monomers.

It is also the storage of other substances that the Improve the dyeability of the threads, possible in the polymers. Examples of such substances are basic nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds such as vinyl pyridines, methyl vinyl pyridines, Vinyl pyrolidones etc., ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids such as vinyl sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, lietliallylsulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, etc., and ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acids, itaconic acid, Methacrylic acid, etc.

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These additives for controlling the thermal shrinkage and dyeability properties of filaments can be used as copolymers or graft copolymers with acrylonitrile or as polymers mixed with acrylonitrile polymers.

To carry out the invention, it is important to note the difference in thermal shrinkage properties between the various Choose threads appropriately. The difference in thermal shrinkage can be achieved in a desired manner by a suitable selection of the thread components and controlled by varying the temperature at which the subsequent Heat treatment of the threads is carried out. The difference in thermal shrinkage and consequently also in the The thickness of the web can vary depending on the particular application of the yarn can be changed. In general, a practically sufficient thickness will be obtained if a difference of more than 10% in the "thermal shrinkage occurs. In general the degree of shrinkage increases with the proportion of other vinyl compounds copolyzed with acrylonitrile * In addition, the size of the shrinkage increases with it increasing temperature at which the web is heat treated

To carry out the method according to the invention, any any spinning process can be used, e.g. a

• Wet, dry or melt spinning processes _e To reduce the titre deviation of the threads forming the yarn, it is

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that the different spinning fluids are not very one have different 'viscosity'.

The IFäaen extruded from the openings can be treated in a conventional manner by stretching them for molecular orientation and then twisting them to form a yarn. When the yarn or the product (books, articles of clothing, etc.!) Is heat treated in a relaxed state below, is formed therein due to the thermal shrinkage ä difference between the different yarn threads forming a Veraickung. If desired, the threads can be cut into staple fibers, which can be spun into the yarn prior to heat treatment.

In the case of wet spinning, for example, different acrylic polymers are dissolved independently in a concentrated (e.g. 40-55% by weight) aqueous salt solution with an inorganic salt such as zinc chloride, sodium sulfocyanide, calcium sulfocyanide, etc. separated rows of openings are extruded into an aqueous precipitation bath, which can consist of water or a thin (eg less than 3 ^> preferably 6-15% by weight) aqueous solution of an inorganic salt as mentioned above. Usually we keep the precipitation bath at a temperature between -5 ° C to 10 ⁰ O, -.

The felled threads are then grounded at Rauua or a

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Washed with water at a lower temperature and stretched to effect the molecular orientation. This stretching process can take place in the usual, known manner. For example, the threads are stretched 6 to 16 times their original length in hot water of more than 80 ^° O Two-stage stretching process is possible in which the threads are first stretched 1.5-4 times their original length at a temperature of -2 ° C to 40 C and then again by 3 to 5 times their length Length in hot water or D
100 ⁰ G can be stretched.

in hot water or steam at a temperature of 70 C.

Then "the Fäaeii dried. Goal are preferably this drying process is carried out _t as described in US Patent 2,984,912 in a drying atmosphere under particular temperature and humidity conditions. If the filaments are dried under such conditions, the structure the threads disintegrate, or the threads are structureless and condensed.

The preparation of a spinning solution from acrylic polymers, its spinning in an aqueous precipitation bath, the stretching of dex ¹ threads for molecular orientation and the subsequent drying are known per se and do not form ... ·. According to the invention, it is a feature, so that it is not necessary to go into it further.

Then the threads are twisted into a yarn. If desired,

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This twisting can be done after stretching, but before drying. When the end yarn or the product obtained therefrom in the relaxed state "at elevated temperature (eg 1O5 ° C - 160 ⁰ C).. Is heat-treated, because of the different thermal shrinkage properties of the yarn-forming threads is produced a thickening If desired, the end threads by after drying can also be treated in the conventional manner known in the art to produce fabrics for these yarns, thus, for example, the threads can be cut to the desired staple fiber length and the staple fibers, mixed with or without other fibers, are spun into the yarns. The yarns or their products can be subjected to a heat treatment in the loosened state to form the thickening.

The following examples represent applications of the invention. However, the invention is not limited to these examples. d All proportions and percentages, with the exception of the amount of thermal shrinkage, are given by weight. The viscosity Ch) was measured using a diethyl / amamide solution.

example 1

'Ζ · ηη parts of a copolymer (fe «0.21) from 89.3% acrylonitrile and 10.7% vinyl acetate are in 90 parts of a 48% aqueous solution of Nfttriumsulfozyanid to produce a spin vent * which with» " A " beMiohnet should be resolved. Another • ' / . IAD ORIGINAL

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Spinning solution, which should be designated by "B" ", is by-dissolving of 10 parts of a copolymer (k = 0.21) with 93.1% acrylonitrile and 6.9% vinyl acetate in 90 parts of a 48% aqueous solution of sodium sulfocyanide dissolved

These "two different-like spinning solutions are extruded simultaneously into a common precipitation bath of 8% aqueous solution of sodium sulfocyanide" at ^{0 0} O by means of a spinning device which is designed similarly to the device shown in FIG. 1 and is provided with two measuring pumps »The spinneret has 20 openings with a diameter of 0.09 mm each, which are arranged in two circular rows concentric to one another. The dope A is extruded through the openings in the outer row, while the dope B is extruded through the openings in the inner row

The coagulated gel threads thus obtained are washed with water and stretched eight times in length in boiling water. The threads are then twisted Z times at 50 per meter and wound into a strand. The strand is dropped is in a hot humid atmosphere at 105 ° Trockengefaßtemperatur of 0 and a Naßgefäßtemperatur 70 ⁰ O dried until the moisture content of the strand to 3%. The strand is subsequently heat treated in a relaxed condition for 4 minutes in saturated steam at a temperature between 105 ⁰ C and 130 ⁰ O. Die'Unterschiede in the thermal 'mix shrinkage between the two threads and the warmer' are .The following treatment temperature t.

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Temperature is the difference in heat shrinkage

"treatment between the" two cases

the A and B

105 ° σ 6, o%

115 ° C 8.0 %

125 ° C 18.2 %

130 ° C 29.0 %

The previous table shows that the yarn has excellent thickening when it by! Temperatures et- etc.

* ■ ™

wa 125 ⁰ C and higher is heat treated.

Example 2

The spinning solution (A) from Example 1 and another with (C) designated spinning solution obtained by dissolving 10 parts of a copolymer (U = 0.22) made of 89.9% acrylonitrile and 10.2% Vinyl acetate in 90 files of a 48% aqueous solution of Hatriuasulfocyanid is produced simultaneously in a precipitation bath βtranggapreßt, the threads then in the same Weis ·! treated as in Example 1, “You relationship between the noise treatment sterile and the thermal Differences in shrinkage between the threads forming the yarn (A) and (0) were as follows

nature
ehan the fs
dlunR irae- IAD ORiQiNAU Shrinkage difference
between the two fä the A and C 105 ⁰ C 4.0 % 115 ° C. 6.0 % 125 ° C. 13.0 % 130 ° G 20.0 %

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Example 3

Ten parts of a copolymer (h = 0.22) composed of 93% acrylonitrile and 7% methacrylic acid are in 90 proportions of a 50% aqueous sodium sulfocyanide solution to prepare a spinning solution indicated by (D). Another with (B) designated spinning solution is prepared by dissolving 10 parts of a copolymer (k * 0.23) of 91% acrylonitrile and 9% methyl methacrylate in 90 parts of a 50% aqueous sodium suliocyanide solution,

These two different spinning solutions are extruded at the same time into a common precipitation bath from an 8% ^{aqueous sodium sulfobyanide solution kept at 0 0} G by means of a spinning device similar to the one shown in 71g 6, which is equipped with two IfeB pumps. circular no-arranged openings aitj each diameter of 0.1 mm. The spinal oil (D) and the spinning solution (B) are extruded through the openings in the inner row to the outer row, while the solutions (D) and (B) are extruded on the same side through the openings in the middle row, so that they are conjugate two -Component threads form

The extruded gel threads are washed with water and The threads are then stretched eight times their length in boiling water

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long dried until the Feuclitgehalt the Fäaen dropped to 2% .. The yarn thus obtained then Wiru in the relaxed state for 10 min »in saturated water vapor at einer.Temperatur warmbehanaelt of 125 ° C. and subsequently dried at 80 ⁰ C. The resulting yarn is one of threads with the proportion (D), Fäaen. Yarn composed with a portion (E) and two-component threads, the two-component threads being composed of both portion (D) and portion (E). The yarn has a off a drawn thickness una against a variety of wet hot treatments including dyeing, etc. Appretierens resistant is.

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Claims (1)

Claims οΛ A method for producing thick yarn and its products, characterized in that a large number of different fiber-fatiguing polymers which have different thermal shrinkage in the form of threads, simultaneously by a large number of groups ■ Pen of orifices in a common spinneret are extruded be made to continuous filaments with a variety of bundles of different thermal shrinkage to get such that that out. the yarn made of the threads and its products "in a subsequent warm ■ "Treatment in a relaxed state a thickening around the egg experience the difference in thermal shrinkage. 2ο Method for producing thick acrylic yarn and its products, characterized in that a large number of different fiber-forming acrylic polymer fluids, which in filamentary form have different thermal shrinkage, are extruded simultaneously through a large number of separate groups of openings in a common spinneret are in order to .erhalten continuous threads with a large number of thread groups of different thermal shrinkage, in such a way that the yarn made from the threads and its products undergo ^{a thickening during a subsequent heat treatment in the relaxed state 1} due to the difference in the 'thermal shrinkage. 8098 09/0586 3; Process according to claim 2, characterized in that two different acrylic polymers are used, and that at the same time two different types of threads are produced, which consist of the first or the assemble a second acrylic polymer 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized e t that two different acrylic polymers are used, and that at the same time three different kinds of threads are produced, consisting of aera first, the second Acrylic polymer and a two-component blend of the first "or the second acrylic pole in question. 5 »■ Device for producing one of a large number of ■ 'different types of polymers of different thermal Shrinkage of composite yarn, mark g β Ice t through a common ported Spinneret »Means for dividing the orifices into a multitude of groups and a multitude of with the openings of the divided groups communicating spaces in the device, the spaces verbunaen with various sources of supply for the spinning fluids which have different shrinkage properties in thread form 6. Apparatus according to claim 5t characterized marked chn e t that the means for dividing the openings are arranged so that multi-component threads through some of the , openings are extruded · ^^ ORJSiNAL ADQADQ / DRflR • U35500 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 »characterized in that the openings along a plurality are arranged in concentric circular rows, and that means are arranged for dividing between adjacent rows, 8. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the openings are along a plurality of concentric circular rows, and that a device along a and extends for dividing by one of the rows, so _f that conjugated Vi el-component filaments by the openings in
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