DE1175385B - Process for the production of voluminous, yarn-like structures from a molecularly oriented film strip of a synthetic, organic polymer - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Boarding school Kl .: D Ol d

German class: 29 a -6/20

Number: 1175 385

File number: P 20848 VII a / 29 a

Filing date: June 11, 1958

Opening day: August 6, 1964

Filament bundles and yarns produced from continuous filaments are much stronger than the spun staple fiber yarns; But they lack many desirable aesthetic properties of the spun game. Because of Because of their uniformity and smooth surface, the yarns made from endless threads have a poorer quality Handle. The individual continuous threads lie close to one another in the yarn, and the distance between adjacent yarns is in Tissue is low. This compactness leads to denser tissues, which are one per unit of weight have less "warmth" and opacity. Because of this, a large part of the total production will take part Continuous filaments made from synthetic materials such as viscose, cellulose acetate, polyamides, polyalkylene terephthalate and polyacrylonitrile, cut into short stacks and spun into staple fiber yarns.

The production of a yarn from natural as well as synthetic staple fibers is time consuming Treatment in which the alignment of the fibers is usually carried out in a longer treatment sequence Merging into a sliver and stretching the ribbon into a smaller diameter having to be carried out, which then twisted together to form a roving and / or a yarn (spun) is. These treatments add significantly to the cost of the finished product Yarn at. Furthermore, the loose ends of the staple fibers easily occur to form undesirable ones Lint and knobs through the surface of the fabric and the like. This so-called pilling can be largely eliminated by a high twist of the yarn, but it can be eliminated as a result in turn increases manufacturing costs; in addition, the formation of easy soft tissues becomes impossible.

According to the invention, voluminous yarn-like structures are now made from a molecularly oriented one Film strips of a synthetic, organic polymer obtained in such a way that the film strip in a flaccid state or only under very little tension due to a high speed flowing gaseous medium is guided, so that the film strip in a network of single threads is divided.

The fibrillation or division is advantageously carried out continuously and the film strip in the process passed through a zone of rapid, uneven turbulence created in the flowing medium. Under "unevenly turbulent flow" is a rapid flow with non-laminar turbulence to understand. To achieve good efficiency, the film strip is used at least for a short time guided in countercurrent to the flowing medium.

Method of making bulky
yarn-like structure from a molecular
oriented film strip of a synthetic,
organic polymer

Applicant:

E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company,

Wilmington, Del. (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr.-Ing. W. Abitz, patent attorney,

Munich 27, Pienzenauer Str. 28

Named as inventor:

James Rushton White, Chadds Ford, Pa.

(V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America June 11, 1957 (665 087)

The flaccid state or very low tension required for the treatment of the invention can easily be obtained by moving the strip of the turbulent zone at a higher velocity inward than outward from her. In general, satisfactory results will be obtained if the excess of the feed rate is between 3 and 30%.

A zone of sufficiently high turbulence is generally obtained when the flowing medium, like air, with about half the speed of sound or higher, which is at least the Can approach the speed of sound or exceed the same, enters the zone in which it with comes into contact with the filmstrip. To achieve a higher degree of efficiency, the trajectory of the strip at the point at which it comes from exiting the flowing medium, run at an angle. This angular deviation of the trajectory of the strip from the straight part should preferably be at least 30 °. Even better Results can be obtained when the strip is at the point at which it is out of the direction of flow of the medium emerges, strikes a solid surface. If desired, can be obtained yarn-like structures are rotated; this rotation can e.g. B. immediately after leaving

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of the strand from the zone of high turbulence, which, in relation to the transverse sequences, cut distributed number of single threads and the number As already indicated above, the treatment ends are different from each other. As a and to direct turbulence conditions so that the extremes are obtained from a yarn-like product Fibrils or single threads of the yarn-like structure 5 a network of longitudinally directed single threads with the formation of a uniform network and essentially free of loose ends stay connected to each other. Also that is divided, and as the other extreme, a network that is a Filmstrip of the effect of impact forces has such a large number of loose ends. Thin and tall Some fibrils that are exposed to under oriented film strips can be more easily than strong ones Forming loose ends are torn. Divide io or less oriented strips. By ge-awardees Results can be obtained with a suitable choice of strand thickness and orientation strip, which from an addigrade and the turbulence can be yarn-like tion polymer, preferably polyacrylonitrile or network structure with all the desired properties the copolymers of which exist or are produced.

keep. The divisibility of the polymeric material 15 The yarns produced according to the invention with can be increased by considering the net and braid-like structure as such serving film only stretches in one direction. The on-a spun staple fiber yarn is right divisibility of the stripes is also increased if this is unequal than the length of the individual threads of the mesh Polymeric material contained in a mixture of the plant is generally greater than about 5 cm from at least two chemically related or 20 and many more. Also own different polymers or mixed poly- they spun staple fiber yarn compared to even unmerizates represents, which are only partially twisted with one another, have a high tear strength and stand out are bearable. in the untwisted state by a tensile strength One can treat one and the same of more than about 0.1 g / den from (determined by means of turbulent zone also more than one strip of the 35 on an Instron tester at one clamp spacing subject to divisible goods, with at least 2.5 cm); they also show unequal sponne two Film strips made of the same or different staple fiber yarns, in which the staple length Polymers can exist. Single thread can be used if desired, usually the same throughout the entire yarn one passes through the turbulence zone along with elements of random length that are forming one or more non-unitary strips are connected to the (n) divisible strip and according to a divisible one Structures such as yarns or endless thread guides have a significant number of protruding ones bundle, lead. showing loose ends. In the drawings shows

The structure according to the invention can consist of a fig. 1 in a schematic representation of a device

Fibrillating a plexus forming a unit with a vortex nozzle for carrying out the

or thread elements exist, so from network or 35 driving according to the invention and the leadership of the

be network-like structure. The single threads can be film strips,

a substantially trapezoidal cross-section F i g. 2 the nozzle according to FIG. 1 in end view,

to have. A beneficial effect on the overall F i g. 3 in a longitudinal view a divided (fibrillated)

Properties of the yarn-like structure is obtained, structure according to the invention, which is essentially

if the mean cross-section of the individual threads in the 40 has no loose ends,

Range from about 10 ~ ^e to 10 ~ ² mm ² . FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the structure from FIG

If desired, the yarn-like structures F i g. 3,

contain loose ends which lead to the bulkiness F i g. 5 shows a fibrillated structure in a longitudinal view

and add opacity. Those according to the invention according to the invention with a substantial number

produced structures have the "warmth" and the 45 loose ends and

aesthetic properties of spun pile F i g. 6 shows a cross-section through the structure of FIG

fiber yarns, but are distinguished from these in relation to FIG. 5.

by a much higher strength, even un- According to FIG. 1, the film strip 1 is rotated with, off. The voluminosity of the most ingenious speed of the rollers 2 and 3 according to the structure produced is at least 50 supplied to the vortex nozzle 4 and, through its cylindrical shape, is passed from the threshing passage 5 to that of a spun staple fiber yarn. In the passage 5 the same total stars. opens into a bore or inlet 6, the axis of which, in the method according to the invention, preferably intersects the axis of the passage 5. Contact of the flowing medium with the film The axis of the inlet 6 can be perpendicular to the axis strip to a kind of splitting or tearing 55 of the yarn passage 5, but also in relation to the effect by which the strip fibrillates, ie in filamentous When the thread material runs forward or backward, parts of the type, single threads, are dissolved. This tends to be. Preferably, however, the inlet 6 is more irregular, as fibrils represent ramified threads in FIG. 1, slightly inclined forwards so that the length, which all form a unit, the flow of the medium through the inlet, the fore and of which a random number of the thread material through the nozzle at regular intervals along the related and a self-threading of the device separates the thread-like structure from one another and leaves. In some cases it may be desirable to meet again. the axis of the working fluid inlet tangential to. If the turbulence is sufficiently strong, it can run through the passage, so that a twisting effect is actually exerted on the thread material in the event of the splitting effect acting on the strand,
also lent to breaking a substantial part of the The treated strip will lead from the nozzle 4 thread-like elements. By changing the turbulence by means of rollers 7, 8 and then wound up, a variety of products is created or processed in any other desired manner. It

Any nozzle suitable for producing voluminous yarns can advantageously be used. It is often advantageous that the strip passing the nozzle becomes noticeable when exiting the air stream Change of its trajectory is forced. To achieve the best results, this change of direction should 30 ° or more (measured between the exiting airflow and the direction of the yarn take-off).

be a gas. Air is preferred, but other media such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, Steam, etc., find use.

The air pressure required to carry out the treatment depends on the type of nozzle, the type the film, the film speed and the desired effect.

The obtained in the method according to the invention

have tube or are provided with a nozzle opening. There are numerous, to a variety of Changes to the device leading to results are possible.

Another device suitable for performing the method according to the invention is shown in FIGS Figures 8-11 of U.S. Patent 2852906 are shown.

bring small strips of sandpaper that are wider than the film, and then the two pieces of sandpaper reciprocate perpendicular to the direction of stretching of the film. The exam can be taken Perform homely by putting the pieces of sandpaper-film-sandpaper between your thumbs and forefinger shifts against each other. If the film is narrowing in the usual threads resembling it If the stripe breaks up, the films can be viewed as divisible. One or the other of the previous ones in the device.

The passages seen can, but need not, a The flowing medium can be a liquid or

have a uniform or cylindrical cross-section. In certain cases it may be desirable that one or the other of these passages has a right or with respect to each side of the cone axis 15 has an obliquely conical cross-section, d. i.e. that the cross-section of the conical part (section through its longitudinal axis) can be symmetrical as well as asymmetrical, and for certain purposes

it may be desirable that one or more yarns, also called "plexus threads", have Several of the passages take the form of a venturi - providing substantial strength without requiring any rotation

necessary is. The resistance to elongation forces (ie, tear strength) can be improved by rotating it on a conventional device 25. To achieve a comparable increase in strength, a much smaller twist is required here than with spun staple fiber yarns. The following table compares the effect of twisting on the strength of the product. Fibrillatable or splittable films are from Example 2 with the effect that can be produced with any additional polymer that can be permanently oriented by twisting a conventional staple fiber yarn. Examples of suitable will. The strength of untwisted staple fiber polymers are: Acrylonitrile polymers and yarns or yarns are essentially equal to zero and copolymers; Polyacrylic and polymethacrylic with turns of less than about five per inch ester such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride 35 (197 per meter), no comparisons with and copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl are possible according to the invention, esters, acrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride u. like; Vinylidene chloride polymers; Polystyrene: polyethylene; Polytetrafluoroethylene; Polychlorotrifluoroethylene; Polyvinyl acetate; partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl esters; Polyamides 40
such as polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyethylene sebacamide, polymethylene bis (p-cyclohexylene) adipamide,
Polycaprolactam; Polyurethanes; Polyureas; Polyesters such as polyalkylene terephthalate, polythioester,
Polysulfonamides, polysulfones and many more. There are mixed 45
all types of polymers can be used. To achieve
of films that have a desired degree of strength
and are not brittle, the polymers should preferably have a molecular weight of min. Yarns produced according to the invention are at least 5,000 in volume. The polymers are deformed in any way in any desired manner into strip-like or thread-like yarns than corresponding ones spun from staple fibers and thus result in a larger "warmth" structure. and better coverage. They also deliver on film strips that are used for the production of yarns. The reason for the novel thread and / or fiber cross-section according to the invention should be cut and the distribution of the thread and / or comfortable at least 0.25 mm wide. For light 55 fiber length fabric and the like with an unusual processing, the thickness of this film strip should be ins- and very desirable handle. The improved cover particular of the wider strips after stretching force illustrate tests in which the are no more than about 0.13 mm. The film diameter of the projected microstrip yarn profile can be as thin as desired, but films are measured scopically. This results in a spun with a thickness suitable for easy handling and / or for cutting 60 nes 90 denier staple fiber yarn with 13 clockwise twists. Yarn with films made from the polymers listed above 14.5 clockwise turns per inch (571 clockwise turns can be made divisible by dividing the films per meter), which is made from film according to the inventive method of generating a unidirectional 65 run, a diameter Orientation stretches. A simple sample for loading 1.265 mm.

The mood of the splittability of a film consists of yarns produced according to the invention, possess a

In it, put a small strip of the varnish between two of sufficient uniformity to spread over the

Twists per meter Tear strength, g / den woven polyacrylic nitrile staple fiber yarn product from 250 den per inch 0 from (Thread count 3 den, 197 Example 2 Stack length 7.6 cm) 394 <0.01 0 787 1.3 0.01 5 2.2 0.71 10 2.5 1.0 20th 3.3

subject bundles to the action of a turbulent flowing medium strong enough to separate the individual Separate threads from each other and form loops or loops in them.

However, the claimed method differs from this known method in terms of the starting material in that the present method of oriented film strips from a high molecular weight synthetic material assumed

easy to handle conventional textile machines and process into high-volume fabrics and the like without losing the bulkiness or the character of the thread linkage. You can do without Difficulties being processed on automatic weaving and knitting machines. The increased opacity of woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and the like made from the voluminous product produced according to the invention the production from smaller quantities of yarn.

Since the requirements for the processing condi- io will. It also determines the strength of the turbulence of the floods in the production of films, the medium is not so dimensioned that splitting is possible

of the film takes place in a network of individual elements and possibly a part of them as a result an occurring tearing effect is broken on the 15 individual threads formed. So it can after the method according to the invention a network-like yarn product in the form of an endless uniform Brilliant yarn-like braid can be obtained in which the single threads are aligned lengthways game can be made of the linear polyethylene of Example 1 20 and essentially free of loose ends, and easily a yarn with a Bw.-No. of 250 manufactured the other to be considered when using one, and according to the present process, particularly high turbulence is a similar yarn yarn with even higher Bw-Nr., like 1000, achievable structure, but has loose ends, bar. Spun yarns of this fineness are, however, according to the state of the art

not made from synthetic fibers. 25 Technique voluminous yarns from an endless artificial fur it enables the high strength that these thread bundles borrowed partly over their circumference Yarns themselves have untwisted, loops or loops protruding lengthways themselves with low housing numbers. and maintain the direction of the individual threads. Voluminosity regardless of the number. Furthermore, it is known to change threads by means of a gas band. So far, it was necessary to achieve high housing numbers. 30 currents at high speed against a baffle plate necessary to give the yarn a high twist, to lead only to a crimp effect

as sharp as in the production of threads, yarn-like structures can now be made from polymers are produced from which no yarns were obtainable by previously known methods.

According to the invention, yarns with an extremely low total denier can be produced. Such yarns with a cotton count of above about 100 are easily available. In addition

and a method with which a high volume no. is available at low rotation, represents one represent important technical progress.

With two or more strips of film, a composite yarn of higher total denier can be relatively thin films can be built up. By simultaneously dividing polymer films of different Composition can mixed game

aim. However, this known procedure does not lead to the voluminous ones produced according to the invention Yarns.

Furthermore, threads have also been made from oriented plastic film strips. But it happened according to these known methods, the division of the films in a different, mechanical way, see above by rolling and squeezing motion, through

static yarn by splitting together film strips made of polymers, the opposite static charges result in a work medium jet.

According to another embodiment of the method according to the invention, one subjects together with one or more strips of film one or more yarns made of continuous filaments under the action of the

getting produced. A particularly valuable rubbing, brushing, turning or the like consists in producing an anti-appropriate method is known towards this

Technological process simpler.

Finally, it also touches on another known method, according to which endless threads pass through a stream of air are dissolved in single threads and the divided threads in irregular and only approximate parallel position od on a round bobbin Laps are converted into staple fibers, the

Work medium jet. The working medium jet does not divide the method according to the invention; because the latter serves in the film and gives the yarn a volume for a completely different purpose, namely the production of nosity, whereby a firmer, voluminous yarn is obtained from staple fibers and not the direct production, which is exhibited by new properties of voluminous yarn-like structures, as it draws, it is due to the thread loops and loops 55 present along the upper surface of the yarn obtainable by the method according to the invention,
receives those with solitary threads and protruding
Fiber ends are interspersed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, an oriented film strip is through a Working medium beam guided, which, following the circumference of the strip, is guided around it and given him a rotary motion. By plasticizing the film strip (e.g. by applying heat) is a voluminous, elastically stretchable yarn with

Preserved an unusual grip. 65 0.13 mm doctor blade poured onto a glass plate and at

It is known per se to dry voluminous yarns from this final temperature. The film received,

which is approximately 0.01 mm thick and 22.1 mm wide, is stretched 12 times at 90 ° C. The one with it

In the following examples, parts and percentages relate, unless otherwise stated, on weight.

example 1

A solution is obtained by dissolving a linear polyethylene (melt index 0.2) in decahydronaphthalene produced, which contains about 10% of the polymer. The solution is at 160 ° C using a

to produce loose synthetic threads or bundles of threads in such a way that one threads or thread-

resulting oriented film (approximately 0.003 mm thick and 1.6 mm wide) is blown at a speed of approximately 9.1 m / min, using a device according to FIG. 1, which is operated with compressed air of 0.35 at is operated, guided by an air jet 5. The yarn obtained in this way is characterized by a substantial bulkiness and consists of a multitude of oriented synthetic organic Threads of random length. Each individual thread has a trapezoidal cross-section with a middle one Width between about 5 and 40 microns and a thickness of about 0.003 mm.

Using the same technique, a similar yarn is obtained at an air pressure of about 4.22 atm Dimensions and untwisted has a tear strength of 1.10 g / den.

Optimal workability is obtained with air pressures of approximately 2.81 atm. The thread-like Individual elements of the yarns obtained under these conditions have average widths between 5 and 30 microns. When the pressure is increased to approximately 5.6 atmospheres, the fibrils are medium-sized Width between about 5 and 20 microns.

Example 2

A 13% solution of polyacrylonitrile (intrinsic viscosity in N, N-dimethylformamide 1,4) in Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide is poured onto a glass plate at 95 ° C using a 0.10 mm doctor blade. After removing the solvent, a film about 6.35 mm wide and 0.089 mm is obtained Thickness removed from the glass plate and stretched 12 times over a hot plate (130 ° C). The film so oriented (about 0.003 mm thick and 1.78 mm wide) is made under an air pressure of 0.35 at passed through the nozzle according to Example 1. A voluminous yarn is obtained that consists of oriented monofilaments of random length, each of which is essentially trapezoidal Has cross-section. The width of the individual threads varies between 5 and 40 microns.

Using the same technique, a similar yarn with a tear strength is produced at an air pressure of 0.88 atm of 1.3 g / den in the untwisted state.

The optimal air pressure for processing this film is about 1.41 at. At higher pressures a higher volume is obtained at the expense of the tear strength. Receives at lower pressures a lower volume.

Example 3

A 10% solution of a polyamide (intrinsic viscosity in sulfuric acid of 1.35;) is prepared by reacting m-phenylenediamine with isophthaloyl chloride) in Ν, Ν-dimethylacetamide, which contains a small amount of lithium chloride. The solution is made using a 0.05 mm doctor blade cast a film at room temperature. The resulting film is 1 hour at Dried at 160 ° C. The dried film is stretched 5.5 times over a rod heated to 250 ° C .; the film so oriented has a thickness of about 0.003 mm. The movie becomes roughly 6.4 mm wide strips cut and at an air pressure of about 1.06 at through the nozzle according to Example 1 led. A voluminous yarn is obtained which consists of a large number of oriented, branched threads of random length, each of which has a substantially trapezoidal cross-section. The voluminous yarn has a linear density of about 55 denier and a tensile strength of approx 0.9 g / den.

Example 4

It is a 10% solution of a polyethylene terephthalate (intrinsic viscosity in a 60:40 mixture of tetrachloroethane and phenol 0.73) in trifluoroacetic acid manufactured. From the solution is made using a 0.05 mm doctor blade at 50 ° C cast a film and dried at the same temperature. By stretching a 3.2 mm strip of the film at 80 ° C to 5 times becomes an oriented Film approximately 0.003 mm thick and 1.6 mm wide was obtained. This oriented film strip is fibrillated according to the methods of Example 1, 2 and 3 (i.e. divided into individual threads), by operating it at air pressures between 0.4 and 5.6 at a speed of 4.6 m / min, passes through the device according to Example 1.

Example 5

A polyurethane (intrinsic viscosity in m-cresol 1.5; produced by reacting 2,5-dimethylpiperazine and the bischloroformate of ethylene glycol) is mixed with a solvent which contains 8.8 parts of methylene chloride and 12 parts of formic acid. The mixture in turn is dissolved in an amount of a mixture of 95 parts of methylene chloride and 5 parts of formic acid, that the solution of 10 ⁰ / o containing polymer. The film obtained from this solution by casting at room temperature using a 0.05 mm doctor blade is subjected to partial drying at room temperature and then kept at 55 ° C. for 1 hour for more thorough drying. The dried film is stretched 4.5 times at 80 ° C, thereby obtaining an oriented film having a thickness of about 0.003 mm and a width of 1.52 mm. This film strip is passed through the device according to Example 1 at a speed of about 4.6 m / min, using an air pressure of 1.76 at. The resulting bulky yarn, the physical nature of which is similar to the products obtained in the preceding examples, has an untwisted tensile strength of 0.86 g / denier and a linear density of 130 denier.

Example 6

A solution of a copolymer (intrinsic viscosity in N, N-dimethylformamide 1.4) is obtained 94 parts of acrylonitrile and 6 parts of methyl acrylate in N, N-dimethylformamide with a polymer content made by 25%. The solution is poured into a slit 1.3 cm wide and 0.10 mm high aqueous, 52 percent by weight Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide containing bath of 75 ° C pressed out. The wet obtained after removal of the solvent The film is stretched 9 times over a surface heated to 150 ° C. The fibrillation of the oriented Film is made by making a strip of the same approximately 0.005 mm thick and 0.20 cm wide leads through the device according to Example 1, which is operated with compressed air of 1.41 at. It will be a obtained bulky yarn, the physical nature of which in the preceding examples

409 639/294

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resembles held products and which has a few free ends when untwisted. This product is similar Tear strength of 0.9 g / denier and a titer of greater than a volumi-80 produced from endless threads that has. nose yarn than one made from staple fibers

Example 7 ^Ga ™ · ^ ..... ■ " _u - · ■ λ ■

5 The rotary nozzle can be used in combination with the in

A mixture of 70 parts of polyacrylonitrile (nozzles described with the previous examples

an intrinsic viscosity in N, N-dimethylformamide can be used to post the threads of the product

of 1.4) and 30 parts of tetramethylene sulfone will hold the fibrillation of the film together

made by the tetramethylene sulfone. .

with mechanical stirring into the polyacrylonitrile ίο example 10

powder sprayed. The mixture is applied to a film strip similar to that in Example 6

Rubber grinder ground at 200 ° C, with 6 turns on a conventional ring twisting spindle

both rollers rotated at a linear speed of inches (236 revolutions per meter) each. The ge

8.2 m / min, are driven and the softened twisted film strip is fibrillated by moving it

Polymers through loading 15 set at a distance of 5.1 cm at a speed of 45.7 m / min

boundaries is enclosed. In one pass one of the F i g. 1 corresponding nozzle that leads with

through the grinder a film of compressed air of 2.81 at is obtained. After this

8.9 cm wide and 0.003 mm thick. The soft passing of the nozzle relaxes the product,

Maker is made of the resulting film by passing it over a hot plate (180 ° C).

Stripped of water. A 3.2 mm wide strip of the resulting bulky product (80 denier)

The resulting film has a tensile strength of 3.2 g / den and an elongation in a bulky yarn

converted by using the technique of 17%.

Example 6 passes through a nozzle. If a fine fabric is made of this yarn in a physical constitution similar to that in FIG. 4, the covering power and uniformity of the products obtained in the above examples is better than when using the same and has a denier of 1600 denier. Polymer of spun yarn. Also own. -ίο such woven goods have a soft, dry, silk ^{ß e l s} P * ^{e l 8-} like handle, which is suitable for fabrics that are for use-From a solution of 17 percent by weight poly- purposes such as shirt and underwear fabrics beacrylnitril (intrinsic viscosity in Ν , Ν-dimethylform- 30. The extraordinary amide 1,4) in Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide is obtained at 110 ° C for a film with these voluminous yarns using a 0.51 mm doctor blade Textiles show z. B. knitted tricot, cast. After removal of the solvent, the light reflection of 77 ° / o versus 50 ⁰ / o, the film (about 3.8 cm width and thickness with conventional polyamide jersey of the same weight 0.05 mm) in the presence of steam at atmos- 35 ( 102 g / cm ² ) and a light transmission of only spherical pressure stretched 8 times. The film will give 4.5%> compared to 15% of the same polyamide tricot through a nozzle corresponding to Example 1.

which, however, is used to accommodate the larger film example 11
has a larger bore and with compressed air

of 4.22 at is operated. A voluminous 40 A stretched film strip is obtained which

Nöses yarn produced with a similar physical composition is similar to that of game 8, is made on a usual

same as the methods above, but the ring twisting spindle with 3 turns per inch (118 turns

untwisted has a tensile strength of 0.8 g / den. increments per meter). The fibrillation occurs

The titer of the voluminous product is by passing the twisted film strip through a

2000 den. 45 similar nozzle as in Fig. 1, but which leads to

Example 9 would take this stronger filmstrip a larger one

Has bore. At an air pressure of 4.22 at

A film strip similar to that in Example 6 is obtained as a voluminous product with a titer of 1900 due to a twisting action on the thread material. This sample becomes a three-training nozzle according to FIG. 1 led. When using 50 ply yarn of 5700 denier. The yarn is subjected to an air pressure of 6.33 at and through the nozzle with a linear cut pile of the following specification at a speed of approximately 9.1 m / min for the purpose of producing a carpet material with a film strip on it, a jute fabric underlay is incorporated:
Fibrillation or breakdown of the film to form

a voluminous yarn that resembles the thread, s5 ^Florhone 9.5 to 11.1 mm

that in the above examples under the tuft spacing, from center to

application of the nozzle described there is obtained. Center measured 4.0 mm

The main difference, however, is that the warp threads are 2.4 to 2.6 per centimeter

weight of the pile portion produced by means of the nozzle giving a rotation ... 966.3 g / m ²

Thread has fewer free ends and that these 60 _{Unterl Jut 406 9} ^ _m ,

under the rotating action of the nozzle around the main r

strand of thread are wound around. Through this ^latex ^ ^Ki> \ Ψ £ ^{Ά d} ' ^en '

The combination will roughly have the effect of a knob-styrene mix

yarn received. polymer), at

When increasing the thread speed to less than 6 ₅ room temperature

about 64 m / min, (so that the thread is curing the nozzle under

a tension of about 3.5 g) becomes a The material obtained has a very

obtained fibrillated voluminous product, the very desirable full handle, good rebound properties

(Elasticity), good coverage and good resistance to felting of the pile. In relation to these properties are superior to wool or polyamide thread materials of good quality.

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Process for the production of voluminous yarn-like structures from a molecularly oriented one Film strips of a synthetic, organic polymer, characterized in that that the filmstrip is slack or only under very little tension is passed through a gaseous medium flowing at high speed, so that the Film strip is divided into a network of single threads. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowing, gaseous Medium has almost the same or higher speed than the speed of sound. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the turbulence of the gaseous medium is so high that at least some of the individual threads tear. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a film strip is used that has been stretched to a high degree in only one direction. 5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the film strip consists of a Mixture of at least two chemically related or different polymers or copolymers which are only partially compatible with one another. 6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least two film strips from the same or different polymers can be used. 7. The method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that together with the divisible Filmstrip a non-divisible structure, such as a yarn or an endless bundle of threads the flowing gaseous medium is guided. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 667 234, 763 277;
French patent specification No. 1115 551,
1111163, 1100 529;
British Patent No. 418 226. 1 sheet of drawings 409 639/294 7.64 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin