DE1609716A1 - Prefabricated buildings and wall elements for the production of prefabricated buildings - Google Patents

Description

Jean l> eteeton, 5bls Bate Kleber, "Le Chesnay {France;)

Prefabricated buildings and wall elements for the production of prefabricated buildings

The present invention relates to a new method for making clay prefabricated buildings and on wall elements that are used for the production of such prefabricated buildings are used "

It is already known to manufacture prefabricated houses from prefabricated elements in order to increase the cost of buildings reduce"

It is especially beautiful at industrial buildings known to produce wall elements and ceiling covering all fixtures, ζ · Β »Windows, Türenj central heating systems, etc. _e contained, these elements are then assembled on site.

These manufacturing processes have the disadvantage that Wahdelemente of complicated structure are required, which are geared precisely to a specific purpose »Furthermore, the manufacture wall parts a considerable weight on what is relative Expensive lifting equipment was required from this G-rounds are the known processes of the aforementioned type in mean limited to large structural units »the one size of unitary dwellings include ·. -

Prefabricated buildings according to the present invention coniien on the other hand * using prefabricated standard elements to create elite »diö are easy to transport (the QHswiekte d & r iinaeiteile lie on the order of ToO

They can do a lot with the beams according to the invention ii built up w@ied.eiij so tiä® in everyone

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an adaptation to the special wishes of the client can be made can »So you can with the components according to the invention both Erect multi-storey buildings as well as single-storey buildings.

The present invention has. a prefabricated, including _e a prefabricated house, the G-UBJECT, which is characterized in that its outer walls consist of reinforced concrete wall elements having vertical tilting, the amount of which corresponds substantially to the thickness of the walls, wherein the wall portions with the interposition of .Dichtungsorganen adjacent are constructed, and that cladding elements are provided for the inside of the 7 / and elements "which are preferably attached to the tilting of the concrete wall parts" The strength of the building is provided by reinforced concrete * which is filled in at least part of the spaces between the concrete wall elements and the inner cladding walls and ensured by the presence of concrete ceilings or reinforced cast concrete, which clamps the upper parts of the various wall elements together.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, v / elcne single-storey As far as buildings are concerned, the rigidity of the construction is ensured by the presence of reinforced concrete, which in the spaces between the wall elements is filled can be left free at the cantilever of the building and which can also be poured in at various other points around the individual Wall elements at their top with a continuous To connect masses of reinforced concrete with each other »

The present invention also has a prefabricated wall element, for example made of reinforced concrete, which stands for the Erecting the buildings described above is suitable »This wall element is characterized» that it is on one side

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a flat surface aufweist- which is optionally substituted with a plaster, a coating or the like provided · while andelementes two parallel ribs are on the other side of the V / provided, which extend in the vertical direction and andelementes before the edges of the v / end to leave a free space for inserting concrete ceilings or anchors

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper titqßfläche the wall elements on a recess whose shape a corresponding projection on the underside of the corresponding wall element

In the event that the inventive wall elements for single-storey Buildings are intended for the top floor of one multi-storey building or used for facades are the upper ends of the vertical tilts interconnected by a horizontal rib of the same height, which is parallel to the upper one Hands of each wall element and die_ to a certain extent a floor formwork for the concrete anchorage to be poured in, '

The normal aandeler.ente of the wall are irlit ribs, which about at a distance of one! Quarter of the panel width of. - lateral Plate edge from; run, among other things on .this way with a lifted order; of the wall elements an "equal spacing of all ribs from each other to "achieve · ν - - ■■ '"

? Ur "lexi case, in which a ^ 'KaiJSr opens, - ^ z _m B" - faults, · advantages - "verden., Sets ^: nan on both sides of the openings each · a converter ceicie ribs along ■■ Depending .One; edge of the wall eleni gent extend, said Nasr outwardly facing surface DER Begrenzuii ^ · sriPTre likewise. 'a Fertigputzscijicht ^or:. sonstifXen -iiberzUi; - eriiält ,, · how it' the planar . ";& ujienfiäcr-, e- the .wall / has. "■ - ■ '■■■ _ -. * -"' ^ -? . ^-::: ϊύ <-}: · -1: · · .. -.- _- ■ '■' ■ '- ■ · - · -..- ■ "- - ^1...' '■■ · - :, r -' ·: * .;: Ί- ^ τ ^ ΰ - ",? Λ- - ^.:;: _ ■; -. · ... ..- _r;, y $;

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the fallii that one has a relative

wall elements * are used for which the iippeß length of the respective side edge de © lleinentes run, waböi the outer surfaces in turn with a plaster layer or the like * can be provided.

The erfißdungsgeniäßen waitdelemente can on their belts frnit exception of FaIIeS _first that: runs along the same eln & fiippe) run out in the form of a flange into a mandrel zone of reduced thickness, in order to be able to form a groove when the wall elements are put together and the thinned BaBtdzones complementary course, in which a sealing tape can easily be inserted *

The gates of the building can be made from special converters. stand * These Eokelements have a lj-shaped cross-sonicity and their bands are designed in such a way that they have a shape, the grain- » complementary with the shaping of the bands of the Körmal Klemente 1st The tightness of the Bckelemente is achieved that lengthways the connection line with the other panels between the joint * surface a warning element inserted wire. The jüekelemente will ' held together with the adjacent wall elements ^ that reinforced concrete is poured into the space between them Elements and / or the hips of the adjacent wall elements formed will. .-... ".

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the farm wall elements have a height that corresponds to the one floor ^ z ".B · m 2.65 m at a clear tfeschoßweite Yon 2.50 and a cover ^en ~ thickness of 15 cm« _

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the places. *, Which are provided with foren and windows, no prefabricated wall panels over the entire width of these openings

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elements of the aforementioned type are used. The connection between two wall elements, which limit the openings, takes place on upper part of these elements through a prefabricated lintel made of reinforced concrete, which is designed, that he himself merged with the Wandeleraenten, which are located above it- " sets are »The parapets for the openings are made of one Isolation material produced and preferably form a structural Unit with the frame that holds the window) where the Whole attached to the tilting of the wall elements: which the Limit openings *

In another embodiment of the invention, the wall elements which effect the inner lining of the walls are in one a certain distance from the ribs in order to achieve the best possible heat and Achieve sound and moisture isolation by using each Heat transfer bridge is avoided "

It turned out to be particularly advantageous when certain in the vertical .Direction extending free spaces as Ventilation slots are used. The ventilation slots are there between-two hip and enable. it, that Bringing the interior of the wall element into connection with the outside air by providing an opening in the lower part of the wall element is associated with an opening at the upper part thereof, the ventilation path formed from the one opening longitudinally of the space between the wall element and the cladding panel to the other opening. «-" -

Other features and peculiarities of the invention emerge from the following description of several exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures above without restricting the inventive concept .

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Pig »1 is a horizontal i'eilsc.initt through a snos-.siges Building or the facade of a multi-storey building Building., Which has an anchoring on several floors

.b'ig · 2 is a horizontal section through a corner. one more storey building with load-bearing walls,

Figure 3 _e is a vertical section in enlarged scale taken along the line Hi - m of Pig. 2 .

Pig. 4a and 4b are vertical sections, vvelcne on the one hand the upper and, on the other hand, the lower limit of a window opening of a multi-storey uau with several Illustrate floors and load-bearing walls.

üige 5 is a vertical section in enlarged Haßstab longitudinally

of the line V - ν of u'ig. 1 «■ · ....

J? Y. 6 is a perspective view showing la. Elevation of a compilation of elements. illustrated in a one-story construction

ü'ig. 7 veranscnaulicht partially edged out a, perspective, vische view of the Pig »6 illustrated in circle v-II Section, where it is shown, how the inner lining of the wall to the ribs "of the concrete wall parts can be attached.

In the drawing, reference number 1 denotes a plate-shaped, / andelernent illustrates v / which has a flat outer surface 2 and two Has ribs 3 and 4, approximately at a distance of a quarter the width of the slat from the edge of the plate. The Ränuer of the Wall element have a reduced thickness at point 5 ,,, so that a sealing tape 6 can be inserted between them.

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Aas dien fig * % and 2 is also a Vfandungi-ielemeint T e-rsifcht- * liciiji weXchfis öiöii toii Since other ** Waaäuögsteiigii äaäurch Wilders olle Met * that the clan © ant Halide des Waiidelenieates * around a ^ itlictlie & egrenaut zn form * iiiti

9§ whose tilting 10 and tt be £ <| e run along the side edges of the building element, mids the lateral window openings with its outer shell.

isekwandeliöment 12 has abutting edges j, the shape of which is koniplemen * läf 2U is the hand parts 5 of the wall parts 1 and 7 *

Bie ianere Yerfcleidung ij> of the wall is, for example yorgefertigter "from a hollow wall 14 'which of two by connecting" Oipsplatten a cellular intermediate layer produced, is and is eiÄem isölationsüberzug 15 of foamed Bolystyren from Slaswolle or a s-feeinwollsehißht Yersehen ·

According to Fig. 1, only the recess is on the inside of the BökviandalÄmentes 12, filled with reinforced concrete 16 | while in the embodiment according to FIG which are located between the tilts of the wall parts, init concrete 16, which is reinforced if necessary,

'The Ausführüngsform' according to Fig * 1 is for a one-story building gedaoh't, while the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is used for a building with several floors, in which it is necessary to form a load-bearing outer wall that has great "strength"

In both cases the concrete poured -is after-the wandeiemente irerschiedenen have been brought by appropriate means into their position and ^ riehtige .wurde mounted naendem a removable bChalung _t which rests on the Rippeli *

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It can be seen from the drawings that the wall elements according to the invention are at least partially also used as formwork elements for serve to pour the concrete.

The inner wall 13 is at a certain distance from the ends of the hip and thus, also of the poured .concrete "

From Figures 3 to 5 it can be seen that the upper edge of the wall elements has a recess 17, the shape of which corresponds to the lower edge7 Approach 18 of the wall part above corresponds to, in order to prevent ^ that liquid can come through between the wall elements * A seal 19 can never be inserted between the two wall elements lying one above the other.

The reinforced concrete 16, which is poured between the ribs, is connected to the ceiling 20, the inner wall 13 in one a certain distance from the reinforced concrete mass is kept.

From Fig. 4a it can be seen ^ how a lintel 21 is provided on the upper side of the window opening y which is connected to the ceiling 2q and possibly to the concrete 16 which is poured between the ribs of adjacent slabs.

A frame 22 carries the window sash 23 and the parapet 24 » which is provided at the lower part of the window and rests on a support 25, which for example consist of "a casting can (.Fig. 4b),

Fig. 5 shows * how it is possible to provide ventilation through the To create space through the zv.-ischen of the inner wall 13 and the wall element 1 of the concrete wall parts. For this purpose, an opening 26 is left on the lower part of the wall element free to allow the introduction of air along the arrow Ft.

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This air circulates along the file F ¹ 'into the cavity between the inner wall 13 and the outer wall element.

In order to facilitate the discharge of the condensation water that occurs, one sees a recess 27 at the lower end of the space between the inner wall 13 and the outer wall element 1, which has a slight slope towards the exit »

From the figure 5 one can see how the connection of the wall elements takes place with the base 28 over reinforced concrete., The Anchor irons embedded in the ribs of the wall elements engage in the concrete 28 ". The anchors 29 are made in the factory at the Manufacture of the wall elements let in and are fixed to them connected «, when placing the wall elements on the base they into the recesses, which are provided for the pouring of the concrete 28, which causes the final connection "and with is provided with an additive made of a plastic material «,

The horizontal rocker 30 allows a simple manner. Pour anchorage from reinforced concrete 31, which is sufficient Stiffening of the upper wall element ensured

± n the Figo 6 is the compilation of a corner element 12 illustrated with two wall elements 7 which form with their ribs 8, the lateral boundaries of a window opening "The in b ^v ig _e 6 illustrated compilation of wall elements corresponds to the embodiment in which the mutual anchoring of Elements by pouring concrete in the upper part of the "wall elements" (Fig. 1 and 5) _e

Furthermore, one recognizes from ü ¹ ig _β 6, how a prefabricated window lintel 32, which has an approach 17, which is formed identically to the corresponding approach on the upper hands of the wall elements according to the invention, is set. The anchor pieces 33 to the

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The inner surfaces of the wall elements serve to reinforce what is to be cast ± setons.

The frame 22 that carries the parapet> 4 and that for the bracket the i'enster is used, is attached to the ribs 8, which act as stops serve for the metallic angle pieces 34 »

In FIG. 7, the type of fastening of the frame 22 can be seen on an enlarged scale. The frame 22, which is provided with angle pieces 34, is attached to the rib 6 r.ixtelo of the bolts 35, which can be screwed into sockets provided with u-ev / inde, which are inserted into the ribs 8 during the manufacture of the Wall elements are embedded.

The parapet 24 is installed in a frame 22a, which in turn is mounted on the frame 22 and for fastening the inner Cladding wall 13 is used »

The tight connection between the frame 22 and the rib 8 is guaranteed by the sealing cord 36 »

It goes without saying that the illustrated embodiments do not represent any restriction of the idea of the invention and that all desired changes can be made to the same without departing from the scope of the invention.

The invention is particularly suitable for uniformly graded dimensioning, fence using a Diine ns ic nierungsmoduls τοη 30 cm (European module). m this ü'ulle measures the JWormal element 1 either 0.59 m, u, 39 m or 1.19 va in width (the width of the flanschfö'rmigen. 1st edge terminal included it to the adjacent plate), resulting in MO canal plate widths of u, 60 τη, 0.90 in or 1.20 m. The Clement 7,

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which has a lateral border for a window opening and a flange-shaped connection with internal penetration on the other hand, measures 259 m »O * 5-95 m> 95 m or 1.195 m» v / with only one flange width It is taken into account so that it results in a nominal width of 0/3 ti, ü, bm, 0.9 m or Ij? m. The small nt 9 * which has smooth borders of the perister openings on both sides has exactly the dimensions 0 ^ 3 m, nt Usδ uij O ₁ 9 or ϊ +? .. m. The Ücteleroeiit 12 measures 0,2Q5t χ Qj? 95 with a ß Waininalseitenlänge of 0.3 ra.x \ O "3" m.

Claims (1)

Claims ' 1) Wall element for the production of prefabricated buildings, thereby characterized in that it forms a flat surface on the outside, while on the inside it forms two parallel and vertical surfaces Has ribs running in the direction, the height of which is essentially correspond to the wall thickness of the building. 2) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of reinforced concrete 5) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that its the flat outer surface is provided with a layer of plaster. 4) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs do not extend to the edges of the wall element. to leave space for inserting ceilings and / or anchors, 5) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper edge has a recess on the front edge, the shape of which is complementary to a recess that is on the lower edge the plate is provided on the rear edge of the same, 6) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the The distance between the ribs and the side edges of the element is about a quarter of the ± width of the wall elements. 7) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that one Rib runs along a side edge of the wall element and that the outer surface of the rib optionally with a layer of plaster or any other coating. 0098 1 4/0437 ; 8) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that A flange-shaped stop on at least one of the side edges of the I-plates is provided". , ". 9) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the two ribs along a aeitenrandes d§'sv / andelementes passes, wherein the outer surfaces of the ribs, optionally, a IPertigputzschicht or the like have © _e V. 10) Wall element according to claim 1, characterized ^ that to- ■ in addition, a horizontal rib; is provided in parallel runs to the top of the element and the ends of the two. the vertical ribs ^ connects ·; 11) prefabricated construction, characterized in that the same from wall elements constructed according to at least one of the preceding claims is, and that the holder of the Wändelernente reinforced by Concrete is poured into at least one part of the gaps is poured between two adjacent ribs, with an additional bracing by means of reinforced concrete ceilings and / or anchors on the upper part 'attack the wall element © ο. ■: 12) prefabricated structure according to claim 11, characterized in that 'a inner cladding wall is provided at a certain distance attached from the ends of the ribs of the wall elements • 13) prefabricated building according to claim 12, - characterized in that a part ₌ il of the spaces between two adjacent ribs of the wall elements is connected to the outside air via openings at the lower part of the same and through these openings an air inlet into the free space between the. Wall elements and. the inner lining of the same takes place » _: QQ98 147 0437 ^; : /