DE1604684A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SHAPING AND ORIENTING POLYMERS AND ARTICLES MANUFACTURED FROM THEM - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for forming and orienting

Polymers and made from them

The invention relates to a device for conditioning thermoplastic polymer before its Qrie & tie: rang _a Farmer, it relates to a method and a device for the production of oriented objects from thermop3, astiBchem cushion by blow molding. It also relates to novel articles made of oriented thermoplastic® polymers Finally! It also relates to novel articles made of oriented polypropylene

It is known that “numerous crystallizable thermoplastic polymers, such as 2, B ₀ polyethylene, ₉ polypropylene, poly-1” butyl and their copolymers and higher mono-1-olefins are solidified by orientation

BATH

brought about by stretching the polymer structure, preferably biaxially at temperatures below the Eristallsohaielsspunkt of the polymer, while these processes are suitable for staged operation, the regulation and control of continuous process sur production of molecularly oriented Structure more difficult.

The invention now relates to a device and a method for producing hollow in eingigartigerweise solidified articles, such as g "B _o bottles, canisters, carboys, and the" same by Blasfornrang, aachdem the om 3? A Hohres extruded polymer temperature conditioned "or" air-conditioned was. in one aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus for conditioning or "conditioning an extruded tube of thermoplastic polymer prior to its orientation _β, this device has an elongate Klassierbiichii © that can be attached to the die, exiting the Sas tube, in conjunction with means for the space between the extruded crude: and the wall of the sleeve% vl evacuate "further has means, except to the extruded Rolir _s ktihlen once it into the can enters further Einriebfctmgen to at least the surface of the tube again s; u ötwa before it leaves the can «This device can be used to to divide out an air-conditioned pipe _{ . the inflation T or. _? taffelasen or pulling over a D

30980 7/0322 BAD ORDINAL

Extension ring can be oriented *. Inflating © äex-Aufblaoen may be continuous in the preparation of should or should be carried out intermittently by a loaaasttiok (parison) which is disposed between Pormhälften to prepare hollow articles © ^ extended WI3? D _e

According to the invention can distant? the temperature air conditioning canister described above in combination with a bottle watch follow-up be used. This Yorriciatungekombinatioii has facilities «around a poraistüek

strangsupressen, further comprising means sw to the mold cooling ,, facilities vm this re su warm ₉ obligations by 3 o? raßtüek from the hot device draw "a Tielsstihl of IPlaschenfomen" the eo are angeorilaet that they consecutive rope © of erwämten Porm " pieces closely surround _e wßä EinrichtuBgen, vm jeien -Ponastück part within a mold by internal pressure with the help inflate a medium * Erfirahmgsgemäß is a? erfsi1aren provided * by hollow G-egenstände crystalline from thermopÜ & tisehcim Poljpmer to mold by blowing, wherein a Pomstüek is pressed etsaij This Pormetstück is cooled until the "polymer is in a uniform crystalline state" with the! molded piece being heated again "on a.

309 807/03 2 2

is performed "and there by internal pressure with the help of a Medium is expanded and pressed against the wall of the mold ο It has also been found that the hollow articles made in accordance with the invention are unique and desirable Have properties, when formed from polypropylene

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the following described on the basis of the drawing:

Fig. 1 shows, in section, the cooling and rewarming bags! or sleeve of the invention »in connection with a Behnungsring ^r? : r the production of oriented foils «

Fig _o 2 geigt the bar table the device sur $ emper & ti * i4: lirss, ti sizing the extruded tube and sur subsequent reshaping of this tube in bottle shape and

3 Does a modified external fiamMgöfo show »this? Cool"

t ctecb die Anklebezn Ses

inside the Mchse to a minimum liera ^ geoetst wt% & ₉ \ in & die in combination with a continuously working shear molding device

The Terfalirea according to the invention waä the Vorricütuag daeu-germinate in the production of counteratltaöen what any thorno ^ plaotleckea Poljme ^ irerwenSe't »because aommlortreiee are extruded ,, mm- or ^ bubble-shaped wM, but the Erfit ^ un- ^

309807/0322

particularly advantageous for those crystallizable polymers that can be oriented by stretching at carefully controlled temperatures, especially just below the crystalline melting point of the polymer. Polymers such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, nylons and various cellulose derivatives can be processed with the device according to the invention, but are preferably processed worked with the normally solid polymers of the mono-1-olefins, which contain up to 8 carbon atoms, and in particular with these polymers, which have relatively high degrees of crystallization, β, »those with high specific gravity, such as the ethylene polymers and the isotactic Polypropylenes, poly-4-methylpentene-i , polybutene and the like.

Torzugsweise the invention is carried out with the olefin polymers-1 Hono olefins a Krlstallieatlonsgrad of at least 70 and preferably at least $ 80 at 25 ⁰ G have "Especially useful are the homopolymers of ethylene and the copolymers are clay ethylene with higher that a spessifisches weight have from about 0.940 to 0.990 g per cm 'at 25 ⁰ C,

The counter name used "specific weight ^11, inspects calibration on the weight per unit volume (g / cm **) of the polymer at 25 ⁰ C, the specific gravity of the polymer should be determined,

00807/0322

"_ ■■ -. 6-

while the pole pair sample is in thermal and phase equilibrium. In order to ensure this equilibrium, it is desirable ₉ to heat the sample to a temperature 15 to 25 degrees Celsius above its melting point, after which it is allowed to cool at a rate of about 2 degrees Celsius per minute, to the temperature in which the specific gravity is to be measured ο Any standard method for determining the specific gravity of a solid can be used «The crystallization of the olefin polymers can be determined by X-ray deflection or nuclear magnetic resonance»

Before determining crystallization, it is desirable that the polymer sample be treated to achieve thermal equilibrium in the manner described above in connection with the determination of specific gravity. The higher crystalline olefin polymers referred to above do not have They have a single solidification and melting point, rather they have a crystal solidification point at which maximum crystal formation occurs when the molten polymer is cooled, and separately from this a crystal melting point at which the crystallization apparently disappears when a polymer sample is heated from a cooled crystal state the latter temperature several degrees above the crystal solidification point. The crystal freezing point; these polymers can be determined by the fact that a poly-

The sample is measured, and a thermal element is introduced into the molten polymer, whereupon the polymer slowly cools down ^ eit ~ feapemtur ~ Ku: nre _? . In polyethylene eine® specific "" weight of "0.960 .Approximately the Kristallerstarrungöpuakt is let about 122 ⁰ C, the point of these polymers are bestiBHt iann, a film ©) miter crossed Polaroifien gu ind'em. Kunstßtoffsteels a -CgewÖhniich in Ernest Hikroeköp ® solidification brought - wiijd _p that with facilities g \ a® heating of the polymer is _Q When the sample is laiagea® heated and the - Schsiölspmikt is the temperature of S @ r- the birefringence 'is forgotten' with polyethylene with one Ultimate weight of about 0.960 the Kristallesiaaelgpiankt. similar _: about 133 ⁰ Oe

The ideal temperature for these high crystalline polyiiere is stretched out ₉ iseas ^ iehtigf ,. w ^ nsi eime saxissale Or-ien ^! tation and solidification - of the polymer should be achieved

^s It is, for example, aotweadigp -that the ■■ polymer "prktinch

crystalline state "'has".but' if "the temperature is low. _c so "the ■ extension can be unequal

deo bimed iUiffeawB tends to mvm Äeiseesie. It is

30980 7/032 2

■ = 8

Therefore, it is desirable that at least one rope of the Polymerwasjd temperature conditioned 1st, so that they are in a crystalline

from left

State very close to the melting point of the polymer crystallites β is a gate direction which is used to carry out this sera-perature air-conditioning can be used ,, is shown in Figure 1 «

In Pig β 1 the Kraitzkopfpjreßforai 10 has an Eormkopf 11 and the temperature air conditioning bush is attached to the mold head so that the extruded tube is inserted directly into the bushing. The temperature conditioning bush has an elongated cylindrical wall section 12 against which the extruded Tube is pressed by internal pressure with the help of a medium. A dumbbell 13 completely surrounds the cylindrical wall section and delimits a multiplicity of annular chambers between the dumbbell and the wall section Cooling liquid connected »When extruding I-olefin polymers such as sB« Ethylene polymers or polypropylenes where pressing temperatures in the range of about 17? - 204 ⁰ C are used for this purpose is water with room temperature, "h _e about 21 ⁰ Q _f suitable. This cooling water flows through the line 16, through the annular space 14 and exits through the line 17. The cooling water circulates in turn

309807/0322

16Q4684

the upstream end of the cooling tub and it has a temperature sufficiently low that at least the surface of the extruded tube is cooled so that the pile near the outside of the tube reaches a crystalline state when the tube passes through this tubing section of the sleeve is guided, a! temperature gradient is created across the thickness of the pipe. hold, the pipe is then passed through the downstream "emie of the air-conditioning sleeve, where the temperature is regulated by a heating medium introduced through line 18, circulated through annulus 19 and exiting through line 20 ο hot pressurized water or any other heat transfer medium can be used for this purpose «If, for example, polyethylene with a specific gravity of about 0.960 is conditioned or» air-conditioned, pressurized · »water with a temperature of about 113 - 116 ° G can be used» Annular chambers 21 and 22, which between the dumbbell and the inner wall portion of the cooling sleeve are connected to means for creating a vacuum so that the space between the inner wall of the air conditioning sleeve and the extruded tube can be evacuated. As shown in FIG Connect the space between the sleeve and the tube by a plurality of holes 23 «These vacurea connections, which are most volatile

309807/0322

* »,. - · - ■ "". ■ "'■■■■

■ = ■> ■. ■ - -

Shad © of the EliBsatisierfeüchse and are arranged at their center, allow the operation of extrusion and SP temperature air conditioning * so that the pipe wall is firmly held on the inner surface of the air conditioning sleeve, whereby the heat transfer improves “Other vacuum connections can be made if desired and one at the most downstream end the climate control box is very useful when eating iris «

The temperature-conditioned tube emerges from the inner wall 12 of the condensing sleeve and runs between guide rollers 24. The tube can then be stretched or stretched outwards Rod 27 is held. The oriented film 28 can then be sucked into the suitable Aufnahraeeinrichtungeii, not shown. This type of process can be used to clear tough Polyäthylenf lime to produce, at draw ratios of 10: 1 or less:? *, Reasonably clear films were measured at a bead of about O ₉₁₂₅ m reached very high S-fcreckverhältnisse (draw dowü ratios ), ZaB. 100: ward 1, can nit this method achieves en _ö In the operation of Figure 1, it is usually desirable with a relatively Holien temperature but below the softening point dee polymer s work "This is special at the beginning. the case, in order to stretch the tube over the tendon length

3098077 03

facilitate »In many cases, however, the desirable stretching temperature is somewhat higher than the temperature at which polymer softening begins. In these cases it is desirable to change the air conditioning unit, as shown in FIG. 3, by increasing the inside diameter of the wall section at its downstream end. Since a vacuum tap is not provided at this point, the pipe does not come into contact with this rope on the inner wall of the air-conditioning sleeve and the final re-heating is carried out by radiation. This section with enlarged diameter is designated in FIG. 3 with the BeEUgssseichen 29. It was also found that the hot plastic can be guided over a sharp core, which preferably consists of an insulating material, without it sticking at temperatures An annular plate 30 is therefore provided at the end of the conditioning sleeve, as shown in FIG In place of the hot circulating liquid, el ^ tsische Witerstaiiidsheig devices can be used in the downstream section 29 of the onditioni @ rMchse »

Very useful during the device described above

3Ό9δ07 / 0322

BSI is the conditioning of polymer tubes that are stretched to produce oriented films is ÖIE also well be used in conditioning of fittings (parison) to be used in the blow molding _β In this invention, the reheating can of stranggepreSten pipe are controlled such that the outer part of the tube is in a crystalline state and is solidified by orientation, while the inside of the tube is kept relatively sticky and in a bondable or fusible state, 00 that when the conditioned tube is tightly enclosed by the molds, a tight, tight connection is created between the ropes of the pipe, which is closed by gluing together. One gate direction that can be used to make solidified containers formed by blow molding is shown in FIG. The thermoplastic polymer is extruded from the cross head mold 31 through the opening 32 into a classifying and cooling bit 33. In this arrangement, the sleeve or sleeve 33 does not have the task of reheating the pipe, as in connection with the conditioning sleeves of the figures 1 and 3 , but only serves to cool the extruded pipe, or at least the exterior thereof, so that the pipe can be fed into the WasBeantel 34, where all of the polymer of the pipe is brought into a uniformly crystalline state is then through from the water jacket

309807/0322

ORIGINAL, ^, _w ,

Pull out the strapless belts or blinders 36 and 37 and take them to the Heizffiantel or JBeiskanal 38. This helical jacket can have a porous shell through which high pressure steam is blown or through which a hot heat transfer medium is pumped, or it can contain a bath of a heating fluid, eg ethylene glycol, becomes a bath this type used "so" wirdauf demXthylenglykol a pressure maintained aussuglelchen to any internal pressure, which is maintained in the tube to inflate this downstream of the Heisbad "in the Heisbad the pipe to a temperature within a few degrees is, for example, within about 8 ⁰ C, brought below the crystal melting point of the polymer. This is the preferred temperature for orientation in order to obtain a maximum solidifying effect.

The heated tube may be further conditioned in a porous sleeve 39 _f which the tube sttttst when it is passed to the bottle shape 40 »Bie Plaschenfoxm 40 has two ffonrhälften that can be zuBanaaengebracht to as & heated tube herua" if it porous by the Sleeve comes. The end of the tube is closed by clamping with the aid of the bottom piece of the mold through which the bottom of the plate is formed. Heating elements 42 can be arranged in this rope of the porm, around the rope of the pipe sa, the duroh Abklemmea gs-

closed, so that an effective tight seal is formed · The rest of the mold is cooled by reacting a 4 coolant circulates through coils 43 · After the mold has enclosed the extruded pipe, through indoor ^l pressure with the aid of a gas through the crosshead preSform 51, the pipe is pressed in “apart” and against the walls

pressed into shape? that forms the bottle An air ring or jacket 44 may be provided surrounding the porous sleeve 39 to further aid in temperature conditioning the tube prior to molding. Ύοά Instead of using compressed air within the tube, means may be provided in the form of bottles to fill the space between the pipe and the walls to evacuate the mold so that the tube is conditioned © vakuumverfoxmt within the mold "

Figure 3 shows a further embodiment that is preferred is used for the continuous production of relatively small containers. Bas extruded tube that is inside the sleeve, like previously described, suitably conditioned, runs directly to a formula direction 46 which contains a plurality of halves of the formulas 47 that are on endless belts or belts 48 and 49 are consolidated »Bas band 48 sits on wheels 50 and 51 while belt 49 sits on wheels 52 and 53. When these wheels or disks rotate, the belts bring mold halves 47 in

BAD ORieiNÄL ί

309807/0322

a position "like el" - represented by the foia halves 47 © Since these halves of the foam are broken apart, close them by AbKLesnaen a rope of the extruded Hehres «,

■> ■ how fiddled between the front halves 47b let ο if the closed forsa halves move forward, the tube is pierced by the needle 94 through the air is blown into the enclosed middle of the shape, as shown between the front halves 47c the tube is thereby forced to conform to the Pom, such as "wipe d @ n lOrsthälften 47 iet d fgeseigt _£ and since the forms move after rorn * is the tube section ewiechen dea forms by Hesser 56 cut the üOnshälften be geöffaet _s when the Tapes

\ 48 and 49 through the gears 51 bsw "53 run _v and the molded bottle can be ejected from the mold and fall into a AtudToBhmebehaltere In the operation of these devices 1st it desired, the belts 48 and 49 so zn Move © m _e Ä @ Q wean die 'Formhalf ten susEsssmenkomien, a suggestion on the loniling

^S} exercises so that he nacli with bucket Öeschwimäigkeit which is somewhat larger than the StsssgpreBgeselMia from bewegtwir & e ,, Daturch is the konditipniesten losssliBg © ia © - 'spanatmg auegeübt and it develops in ü®m © railing in Mngsrlchtung a molecular! Orientienmg τογ S ^ Femen ", by this initial MagsstreclmYig the E8are is solidified" go that it. Tears less easily odsr b @ Ä: blisters

309807/0322

thin spots forms "The gas pressure in the tube bu DE® punctual, when the molds are closed, in the cable of the tube _s is enclosed by the mold," held so that wiping by an evacuation of the space of the mold and "learning molding this wedge is pressed of the blanks against the walls of the mold and with these Übereinstimte by a suitable combination of these Merlanale a sufficient bridge may be continuous ia the str & nggepreßten molding maintained w®xuQn _t so <leave only a slight reduction of pressure in the form of eating necessary to the desired inflation of the 3? Ormlings

Items such as S ₀ B ₀ bottles erfindungsgemäS of oriented polymers from 1 "olefins, particularly polypropylene, are made" have unique characteristics, so that these items can be verwenSet flti sahlreiche purposes in Sechnik, Zn this Bigenschaften include other orientation relief tension Impact-Suction stress and Blaeti ^ ity modulus in bending »

Polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.960 g each at 25 ⁰ C was continuously extruded in the form of a ca diameter of about 5 UNAE a thickness of about

300807/0

804684

, Biese lead wait, uraaittelbar'in a vain box j as inclined in Figure 3, where. it was immediately cooled by -WfluEieer, dme with a temperature of about 21 ° 0 through the jacket of the can or sleeve © s2a $ x & ii!? fee -you. The surface of the tube was quickly brought below the softening temperature and the tube was then reheated to about 121 ° C in the hot section of the conditioning sleeve. > When the pipe emerges from the sleeve, it is stretched in the longitudinal direction and then the porous halves are enclosed, that is to say, the pipe encircles the pipe tightly, and both ends of the pipe, which are in the form * tightly connect * the bottle then produced by evacuating the space between the mold and the molding so that the molding is pressed against the surface of the mold and coincides with it. The bottle produced in this way has a molecular orientation in its walls and is much stronger bsw »stronger than a bottle that is made directly from the hot JOrmling, without the description!

example 2

Blow molded bottles with about 296th car contents were made Homopolymer polypropylene and homopolymer linear polyethylene manufactured »The extruded Pormliuge from each of the

³ ° ^{9 8} ° ⁷⁷

■ ■ - 18 -.

Both plastics are blow molded to both heather-blown to produce blow-molded bottles from the molding that jLn was in the hot melt state immediately after it came out of the Extruders came, they also oriented blow-molded bottles from the Foypliragen, which is initially based on the. State of the environment cooled and then warmed up again to one temperature which was slightly below the melting point «whereupon they Bottles have been blow molded.

The following table gives the main terms and conditions the equipment used to:

- Table _in I.
Requirements for extrusion of the

Check the main line conditions and the equipment used are divided into the following eusaisaaen.

A general

Extruder; 38 <^ am ^ screw press (manufactured iron Modern Plastic Machinery Corporation "64 Lakeview Avenue" Clifton, New Jersey)

Die: 90 ° cross head die
Hat opening: 10.6 in diameter Hat hoop end: 8.2 aaa diameter
Snail HyIon type

309807/0322

B Pormliiage for oriented

Rolbxteiiper & irsir ,, vom Röhrt eisperat «r ₉

Aführ

Head & jerk

Imneiiäruck ta SOrmliag ^:

Resulting diirch @ chnitt llehe Wanfiäicke dee

221 O ₀ 221 ° e 204 O ₀ 204 ° 0 199 ^ö o 199 ° 0 41 CB! /! & ln » 48 CBi / jaitto 151 k & 183 k ^ c® O ₉ Q? k { g / cm ² 0 _s 42kg / cii2 .3, T ynsa 3 _f 2 BSD 44 TJMa ? eh _a / jat si, 44 Uiadreli./i

"Vora

Yerfciatoagestttck and head ⁰ O ⁰ C ° 0

1.77- '° 0. 166 ° 0 215 ° 0 ■■ 43 1t

The inferring Tafoell® gives the for the-

807/03 2

jgabelleja

and. Procedure ", even

The Hamptbedlngungeti for the Blaefomung of Plaschen are the following:

A Hei% e!> Read Plaschen

Pormlisgbedingung like extruded PoEiamfbau: Porm for 296 aP bottle of the standard Phillips

Petroleum Company, using 1i5-CRA

Bylitidem for the closing pressures

11 · Pol ^ propylene bottles

a) Pomling extruded into the state of porra and paused »

b) 85 l / h 'üuft sug © leads around the front closed «

c) 4 seconds pause © * then given a braek of 2 _S 1 kg / cm for a further 4 seconds.

d) bottle removed and procedure repeated "

Beraerkoig: Pom Surch water cooling to SSissmer temperature

held »■ '■

2ο polyethylene bottles

a) Ponallng extruded in Pormeustand and stopped.

b) 233 l / h air fed in and closed at the front

c) 1 second pause and then elm for another 4 seconds Pressure of 14 kg / cm applied »

d) Plasche "removed and procedure repeated"

water cooling kept at 13 ⁰ O

30 9 807/032

B Oriented © Plssshsa ■, '■■' ·:

1 "! Dempeicaturkoiidltionierbloclc for the

Material: aluminum. ·

Heisververfahren 3Jämp £ passed through hollowed out block ID block: 2.2 cm
Ximemuekleiduxtg: Teflon

2. Conditions for preheating and Blaaformtmg Length of the poral log: 7f6 cm, shape: StanSard E96-> cm ^ -Porm of the Phillips Petroleum Company Pormlingaugj 150 ^

PolTproT> ylene polyethylene on block 5.6 kg / om 2.1 kg / cm ²

g rare 6 min * _v 7 ftia *

Aa or shrubbery that g & ss & Q clen above conditions have been produced is carried out en following tests for comparisons Review ·.

Search carried out

The vei, «euche carried out for this equal flteet assessment were the following:

A Pomsstesse, pellets as obtained 1 × PUeßgeschwisidigkeit: ASIMD 1238-62 "D, 230 ⁰ C

a) 2160 g leaves

b) 21 600 g BölastviÄg

309807/8322

B bottles a test samples on the side wall

1 "Specific gravity: ASSM D 79 ^ -60 T" procedure. A ,, water immersion *

2c Thickness of the side wall © of the hooks used for the experiment were used"

3 "Shrinkback, maximum in" both sides ο Orientation relief voltage: maximum in both Main directions; AS3M 2) 1504-61,

5 «Orientation relief temperature at Haxim & lbeanspru» ohung in both main directions; ASTH D 1504-6 U

6 «impact-tensile stress in both main directions at 23 ⁰ O, 4 ⁰ C and -18 ⁰ O; DeBeIl u "RichardBon Incorporated, Paralleletreifeix-Filmatoß-Experimenti, Eureprobe,

7 «modulus of elasticity when bending in both main rhinestones; ASSK B 79Ö-63o

β. Power transmission: ASiM D 1003-61, method B (Aufseichnungsspektrophotoiieter using the visible wavelength range of 400-700 microns) _ö

bottles like fozsnt

1. Case StoSviderstandsfähigkeit at 23 ⁰ C in all bottles

except for those made of oriented polyethylene «on the floor, on its side and at 45 ° against the floor. In addition, an attempt was with Lall carried out on the ground at 4 ⁰ C in all Piaschentypen; ASSH H 20 committee, proposed preliminary test procedure to determine the FaH stoltoider resistance of blow-molded containers & o

2. Vaoserdasrp transmission: 38 ⁰ C, 90 $> relative humidity "with a drying agent inside the bottle"

309 807/0 322

fork III

the

ASM. S 1238, 230 ⁰ Oj

Fließgesehwia- str-pressed in diameter in

/ aaa

Bureh area through area

Section

Polypropylene, Profax
6723

0-.95

21600 ° g load

Ό, 9-ί, 0

123-131

2 _t 74 2.7-2.77

, Marlex 6009

1 _e 05-1 _s 15 3.30 3,23-3 ^ 35

309807/032

ffabelle IY

"at Versucfasproibeft from the. sidecars of the bottles. ■

Oriented
Poly propylene

Hot gs

Polyethylene

Oriented

area

- Area
cut

Overview

cut

.902-.905 .906-.908 0.908 0.946 _e O 946-O, 947 0 ₉ 956 0.954-O ₉ SSI 0.28 to 0.48 0.18 to 0.46 0.28 0.25 O ₉ 20 -0.33 0.18 0.15- «0.20

6.0 1 -15 37 27 - 45 38 34 - 42 50 U - 53 4 * 0 1 - 10 37 26 - 47 14th 10 - 18th 54 41 - 63

0.55 0.55-0.56 0.18 0.098-0.25

11.5 9.5-12.6
10.9 10.6-11.5

0.15 0.07-0.18 4.6
no burden 5.7

4.5-4.6

163 162-163 161 155-167 141 140-142 136 173 173-174 164 156-173 no Verstiea 139

157-140

στ »oo

Tabel

© ■ co co ο

Hot blown
Pll

⁰ O.-

1,
1.18: O ₉

1.26, 1,

1 ₈ 43

0 ^ 902-0.905-

O ₉ 36 0.28-0.48

Oriented

Äarch area schmitt

.6.55 8.06

8.47-9p5T-4.79-9. · 31

10 · 1-

: '■ 7.05-10.1,, 1 ■ <9 »? $ -. 1O, 9 '". ..0.906-0.908

2.18

1.93 r, 68 1.26

1.09-3.4 1.35-2.9 1, '2-6-2.5

4.45

, 946 Oji'946-.O, 947 0.956 Ot.954 ^ 0.957.-

0.28 0 _B 18-0 _$ 46 0.25. · .. Q ₉ 20-Q ₉ 33 / Ο, ΐβ .. 0.15 * 0.2C

27-4 "5 ^:
26-47

11.2 9.5-12.6 10.8 10.5-11.2

38 34-42

14 / 10-18

0.12 0.07 ^

..no Laat

18th

;, 6

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on the

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ο. 'tiexie & Xe height;, f »: ^M ^ ⁰ ,,' ■ SGäad®a ⁿ ■. ■■■ '' ■■ '■',.

ο Mi »a« 9thil & © f

ro

23 ⁰ O. ' )

f, part

animal Tereuchaer ^ ebalese -rom Jlasehea

46

92, 92 prieatieiiteo

370

370 210.

61. (e) 340 61 240 (fe), U)

Hot (gelblasones

■ 46 (e

152 152

213 152) »(o)

aiclit

fateelle Yl

Hot Blown® Polypropylene

Oriented

Hot blown Pläthl

Oriented

fell on the

tested)

H & sfiestliöhe ta

■ the ■.

Sefeadenart

Meaigkeit in g
0.025 i® / 24 & ₉ at
ω 38® <3 _V 90 £ travels

ο puity η »one
desiccant in

"sr bottle.

,. 0 ₉ 127. 0 "121

0 _? .207 ₉ 0 _e 204.0 "213 0 ₉ 135.0 ₉ 160 ₉ 0 ₉ 128 0 ₉ 126 ₉ 0 ₉ 136.0.120 / 0" 127 _P 0.114

(a) Cracked at the pinch closure position® of the floor

(b) The ground was torn in the direction of travel

(ο) Torn lengthways from the floor upwards

The examination of the above patern clearly concludes: "■■ ..-.. - \ ■■■■■ · ■ ■ '■ -.

1 * The tradability of the two yerbindiassgenes used in this assessment is essentially the same. With shear resistance * and apparent viscosity are the beicien Points for every connection on the same curve as these » the one for Hi-Pax 1400 (Schmelziiidex 0.8 g / 10 miHo)

"Processing cf ihennoplaotic materials" At the higher speeds under normal The procedural conditions should include this connection

Treatability «own»: \:;. '■■' ■

ο suffer lat © r £ alart @ n miMen in bottles oriented at 2eaperäturan just below? the corresponding ScteaelspunlEten _? mat Orientieriasg zn received. This orientation iruside iureh the ßr & S of the corner hull aroundd the orient

about the fact eu begrüadeii, ' a, significant-.orientation; '.. "in the oriented lla- _ ■

. is present ". Si © orientation: in the hot-blown Xlasohen is Te £ u®, ellis. @ igbär _e ds no noteworthy. SatlmetME ^ ßsparasimg; .erfelte? i.-wuMe _? although. even eia rel®.-tir higher Rüakschr »apfgrad in samples of the hot-blown

became · Piese special 'return »

30.9 ^ 0.7 / 01

This fact is supported by the extruded diameters in the heat-melt tests, which show that polyethylene has a significantly larger diameter (3.3 dm compared to 2 ₉ 7 w & for polypropylene) _β

The StoSabaorptlonsworthiness of polypropylene is made by Orientation improved very effectively, proven by the blow SS ^ - and the flasher fall attempts «unexpectedly is generally obtained in this respect from polypropylene a greater improvement than polyethylene

The orientation towards polypropylene also makes a difference Toughness, by which it is at! Temperatures below Horasaltaperatur uses we'M © n kaiaa, where the ordinary is not oriented polypropylene cannot be used «3a ~ especially because of the ISreofeinnng - the orientation with polypropylene resulted in a plastic, which in certain physical with mechanical properties significantly different is, so there are many possible uses that are not possible with morasleia polypropylene

309 80 7/03 2 2

Bie Xfoxbeit nasty

the

da®, © a ©

■ ge

The the

trad

r al

e j

I-Di® ofetgea Bat © a

Results

bucket seX'bea tecliiiisGlt- valid »Y @ rfahrea». so

You, © Ιβ ^ β Yesgleieli wieehea fiea

all Yeimiolt © la - © iaer-

© ime ^ f © siiie3? A.tmr vet «230 0 _B eiaer 4 ·

BATH'

309807/0322

corresponding loads of 2160 and 21 600 g for you two attempts. Double tests were carried out in each case.

led · you connections have been investigated! as obtained in pellet form "The standard equipment described in the above ASSM-Buoaer was used with load weights _{9 to} apply the Xast".

B Spessiform weight

Procedure A according to ASXM D 792-60 3? "applied as an immersion medium, distilled water was used and the test sample consisted of the main central part of a bottle, having about 6 cm long, and using the entire üm £ angs _o A small weight was attached to the Vereuchsprobe so that they sank under the water surface ,

and a small percentage of a wetting agent became added to reduce the surface tension «. !Five Tests were carried out on each type of surface, with in 5 different bottles were used in each case «

Thick. ■ ■ _ / ■ -

All® bottles used for this evaluation were on Prof 11 surround Five measuring points examined at three longitudinal points on the bottles

. Seals were made circumferentially at each point in the center, 6 mm (1/4 inch) from the bottom and 6 mm (1/4 inch) from the top

309807/0322

The Seiti5ntvaM removed · A standard micrometer was used used with a ball socket that abutted the concave!

D shrinkage _v

All test bottles were tested for reticence & shrinkage using one of his test samples cut out from each major direction of the bottle. Pas DeBell and Riehardson reverse shrinkage device was used with white mineral oil as the immersion medium. With Polyäth ^ leii i ^ ar this temperature 149 ⁰ G (300 ⁰ P), and with polypropylene 171 ⁰ C (34O ⁰ S ¹ ). The temperature tolerance during immersion was i 1 ⁰ O (i 2 ⁰ P). Test and error tests have shown that 10 seconds in each "paIl represent a suitable tent for an aaxlmal return test" mirOe expressed as the percentage change in length that occurred during this high-temperature immersion.Itormalesweiee attacks Hinoral oil polyethylene and polypropylene, but the time was known when such an attack could have worked and possibly affect the shriveled figs ο At least one sample of each major reddening evaluated Plaoche was examined

. ^ 309Ö0 7/0322

E Maximum orientation circumference ~ release voltage This property was measured using the essential methods according to ASSM D 1504-61 o The Instron-Xest device and a test sample "consisting of a" strip with parallel bands, 6 mm (1/4 inch) wide, was clamped between the pulling jaws "was enclosed whereupon this Vorsuchsanordnung by a cylindrical Heisgerät, which was adjusted so that it produced a ErwUraungegeschwindigkeit of 10 ⁰ C per Hinute" Di © discontinued from the experimental arrangement load was recorded automatically and the Maximallaet was prepared from this curve taken out to the uaxlaale Orientlerungsspannung su calculate _o Erwärmungegeschwindlgkeit was controlled by tape by the £ elstunge '"receiving the cylindrical heater was go adjusted, that they followed a Standarderwäraungskurve, which was superimposed on the recording apparatus smaller by a thermocouple with Inertia was operated, u nd with the thermocouple positioned within 5 mm (1/8 of an inch) from the center of the test sample, but not touching it. Two values were determined for each type of surface in each major direction.

F Orientation de-soldering temperature at maximum load or ο Haximal8pamnung

This property was discovered during the process described above

BATH ORREINAL 30980770322 - ⁴

gur Bestltnau ^ «Her

starred The Semperatm? bet Haxiinalspaiiniiae ι «Η & β bestiamt, by taking the temperature from the Surf- ©, di @ on the Sempermuf & eiehnufiggerät sufgeseichuet mixde, ia AugettbHok der

the Jet & uGhapreibe was siitnoMaen.

This MgeBöc & aft ^ urde in be idea Hatiptirtchtangeia. from © ilen ty ^ en bei! EeraperatiH? ea voa 23 ° G _t 4 ⁰ CaRd -18 ⁰ C ge-Bi © applied * @ Tereucbismetlioae yar the DeBöll-tjsdtsfeifer.-Schlag-Eug-Vörsuoß «ntcr Yer-

\ mwi \ wg der Kiarsprofee =, 10 Heeeungen were given for each 51 in each direction diircbgeuBg to Am 3ald%? in

was denied, whereby liquid COg is poured in, in the test device under UorsaalteBj) © - ratur su © 3? lmltea _e Me Yerenclisprobe usd which they 2ialtende

@n completely in the äbnelmbaren © iiagesclilosseia wsä both for a time of 3 meows gate the strike on the test gate BegiHfö simtlleher test series wiode the

for the test item almost cooled down _o - '"" ■■ -.-

Scmpera-feiarkomtrollQ MMe mnuell carried out, inäeiff

dee OO ^ KÜhlratittöle adjusted accordingly vurde ₉

309807/0322

around the temperature Within a range of * 1 ° C (- 2 ⁰ P)

desired »! keep temperature» the test samples

5 om (2 inches) long by 6 xsm (1/4 inch) wide, you
"were carefully manufactured msTüen by SSIT beech itten a new ecliarfea razor blade and then the cut edges under ¥ © rgrdßerung examined to make sure £ u, SaB the Bastier are not damaged," All experiments were old ia O _i 55Hmkg '' (4 Suß- Pound) «- Schlaghaisaaer carried out

H KLaetisltiltsnodttl. for bending

The test samples were 6 tm (1/4 inch) wide and 25 mm (1 inch)

l & ng tiEd with a £ & @ lerkllng® in both building directions tier area her ^ UBgeschnitteiio They span was 12 _r 5 bm (1/2 inch) ₉ under a one-3 point "" where the SpltEesraäiue uizS the radius of the supports

(1/16 of an inch) was «For this® work this was done
Xnstron meter uses ₉ at an Lsetberelch of
O - 0.1 kg (Q " Og2 pounfls). The crosshead speed CB @ la. @ Tmng @ g @@ chwiMIgk © it) was Q _t 5 wm per minute (0.02 inches per minute) ρ and @s wxsae assumed ₉ ctass the Burchblegupg the V@r3uehepr0.be in.weelichen identical with fier Quei · - h & uptbewegtmg is _P which was used for the calculations «, five H © 0smng @ n were carried out in each building direction for each type of surface ₉ _ ^:

309807/03 22

Me lichtdixrel & ässigkeit was "with each type of bubble under VexweMung: von TeraucliSpEo ^ öii old annlherBÄ de3? S9l1ien bead feeettaat "whereby the samples are taken directly from the fla6öhei» rM3id © n lieratsssscbut were »^ Ur the Tersuelie became a

Iioab-AufzQiclmimgsspeirtrophotoiieter (Spectronic 505) under Benttteung the visible Lieh I celebrate 3 of 700 siükron * Me LichtdurohlÖQa igkelt was expressed as a percentage of represented duron the Tersuohsprojbe carried L9M £ & NEN light with use of a Sezugsstranlee, the $ 100> permeability "Uta The comparative evaluation of the test samples was shown below, a comparison device made of microscope glass was used, the thickness of which corresponded to that of the test samples (O ₉ 2115 only) Test samples Boppel measurements were made "The test specimens were examined as they were cut out of the bottles" without being brought into a plane or flat shape

it was the BHtUrXlohe Erügmumg the Flasohenwand this Iiiohtdurchlässigkeiteversuchen VO 3 handeno? The herauegenofiaäenen for comparing values were those "tie green when Tioletg and obtained red" at wavelengths at 400, 550 and 700 nMikson, ie _e.

J bottle drop versions -

You llsscliöiafall-shock resistance was determined in the essential procedure which was suggested by an ASTK B 20 loraeaauseelxiiB vm & die 'raging "Veräuehevesverfahren ssma measuring the FaH shock resistance & capacity of whitewashed containers *" This procedure recommends three types of bait "one on the ground the side and one at an angle of 45 ° to the bottom, 10 views of each type of polyethylene "except those made of oriented" polyethylene, were examined for drop-impact in every recommended way at 23 ⁰ °, the hashes with water, that the experimental test _{temperature had been filled to 9} "Ba only a limited view! of bottles made of oriented polyethylene were available, these were excluded from this series of experiments.

The experimental apparatus for regulating the angle of impact and the height consisted of a horizontal door arrangement, which at every height up to about 3.6 m (12 IuS). could be arranged, and one had a holder that held the bottle in the exact drop position, and which was also provided with a release mechanism through which the trap door could be folded down and away from the test bottle, and was such that the Bottle free and without ^; Rotation, could fall so they are exactly in the same position

309807/0322 B "ow" M * L

opened * Sie'sie suvor “, when she was ordered on the Itellttir. The same experiments were carried out at 4 ⁰ O aurelj, whereby all types of hash were examined, 3eöoeh nm- üe '£!' all examined on the shops

Ib each of these terswehe w & ed, s in all 10 Yersuclispro ^ em made _s in the Sen area fits? every gu rialten _o This "berelcii mir-Se feestisMt ,, imteM -you imxisiale Höiae was determined _e at the germ break, tmd the height of the bump at the break _o 3> he range formed by these two values αίτεα essentially than the MizsSeetsehmdensliöhen »feereieh der Fl & sehes viewed« You kind of damaged was written in every pail on »Each? L & 8c & e« was tightly closed by a: SchratibMppe tightly closed © ssea ₈ sschö © m it completely filled bit IieituEgsi ^ esar- 'at Ter &uchetesar-' at Ter & uchetes

the

the goose bottle in an environment of 38 ° G · ■ (1OO ⁰ I) imt

Fitness has been exposed'- ₉ - w © l> ei 150 g

\ i '- "■■■""■

· * ^M "' ^rs t & i & d die 6ewi © hts ©, nsfsss, fea © over the' tent Tantersueht wffiSs«

IFlasehea rom -j-edesr.-Syp were-so- «evaluated _f where drieging methods Tescwendet« urdea «tiedureh ASS E 96 estff t. with tyeniget © i>B'drei successive daily

_BAn ^ ■ - ■■■■ 309807/0322

Lieoeungen that essentially make up a straight line The course of moisture uptake over time resulted in · The The thickness of the bottles was determined by cutting after the test and Hessen starred with a micrometer »and this bead '■ was included in the calculations for water vapor permeability

sucked in, the latter in the unit ax 0.02!

'24 hours

is expressed. This embossing of the bead in the calculation allows a direct numerical comparison i-wisohen the Elasoh types, the bottles were effective sealed under a screw cap, using a resilient poison seal

30S807 / 0322

Claims (1)

1 _n A process for producing hollow articles from a themoplastiscbeffi crystallized em material fiurcli Straagpressen _p of moldings from this material and this © s ^j molding is performed loxm in one and extended by IimeKdruci 'Kit Help © a medium "so that it is this form übereinstiiamt to "MSST or" ffiit her _f characterized in that the extruded molding is _cooled-9 u »© ine Kristslliaierung this material herbeieufuhren ^ dAb di @ °" EER molding further ussmittelter before dieseir Äustahnung "BSEA * Erv / @ iterung reheated gets to a, femperatu ^ öahe hot but below the melting point & iee @ s'Materials *. . 2 ο method according to claim i _r characterized ^ dai This cooling and rewarming of the outer surface of the moldings "welcomed eissi ₀ and that better siaer: he -;. S © £ J .--. 3 '. · Terfahren "aiar;. Manufacture; -ton Piaschön nach'laepnack or 2 _f characterized * that pairs of mold halves UBi aufeteandea? inferring parts of this molding are closed "" let the closed molds be moved along the line of extrusion at a higher speed than the extrusion speed, so that the reheated molding is given a longitudinal expansion, especially that every section of the molding within " a mold is inflated by internal pressure with the aid of a medium. 4 · Device for conditioning or »air conditioning of a compression-molded drill made of thermoplastic! Polymer gate of its orientation by stretching according to one of claims 1 - 3» characterized by an elongated classifying tube or? Sleeve, which are mounted on the scanning Strangpreßmatrise _s from which the tube exits, further characterized by means (21 _C 22) SSUA evacuating the tree between the extruded tube and the wall of the bush, ztsm further by means (14 »16,17) Cooling of the extruded tube when it enters this sleeve, and finally by means of C18 ₉ 19.20) to reheat at least the surface of the tube before it leaves this sleeve » Mö .0 9807/032 5e Ilassierhtilse sur use with äev Tss-rfÄtnssg fto the extrusion and stretching of pipes with claim 4v characterized by an elongated! ^ linSrisehes wall section (12! a coat (13)? ^ ^{εΓ lX;} & ie8ea Waaöabschnitt arranged let and a variety tos.ste & el & en ring-shaped Kaosmern (£ 1.22) between this @ ii Ma3, t®.l, * limited to this WanSabechnitt _f further characterized by a 7Ielfsa.nl of IlSchem (23) through this wall portion ", the tree within this section with at least one of these annular chambers connect" further by first lines, the said annular chamber, with this punch _f are in communication with means sum evacuating the Kaamer antagonize "further by second lines (16) connecting a ring" fürmige Kamaer (14) ^ in the upstream Bfölfte this sleeve with a Ktih Lmittelquelle the _f finally through third lines (1S) _9, an annular chamber · ( 19) Connect this sleeve to a source for a heating medium in the downstream aid. 6 »Device according to claim B _9, characterized in that the inner diameter of this wall section (29) is enlarged compared to this chamber» which is connected to the hot water source, that furthermore an annular blade 309807/0322 which has a relatively sharp inner edge, against which the pipe presses or is stepped on, attached to the downstream end of this sleeve 7 c Device for the production of hollow objects thermoplastic polymer according to one of claims 1-3 »characterized by devices sum extrusion this Polymer from the molten state in the form of a tube, with a Katriee having an annular opening (32), a classifier sleeve or sleeve (33) »the one on this die is attached that this sleeve also has facilities to at least deter the surface of this pipe bsWo su cool, further by means of a cooling bath (34) which is arranged immediately downstream of this classifier sleeve to cool this tube further, furthermore by a heating bath (38), which is arranged downstream of this cooling bath, further by means (36,37) * around this pipe therefrom To promote cooling bath to this hot bath, furthermore by a mold (40), which can close around the tube when it emerges from this hot bath, finally through a device to expand this tube and through against the walls of this mold Press internal pressure with the help of a medium su δ «device according to claim 7? characterized in that ftftfi Al · Vom has a heating device (42) inside its walls at the points where this tube is closed by sealing ο 309 807/03 2 2 Flat glass device for carrying out a process according to one of claims 1-3 with devices for extrusion molding of a molding, a device for cooling this molding, a device for reheating this molding, or a device for pulling this molding out of this reheating device, characterized by a plurality of Flascheoformen (47) which are arranged so that they close around continuous ropes again heated blanks, further characterized by means (54) to _f each Formllsgabschnitt within a mold by inner pressure to inflate with the aid of a medium ,, 10, molecular-oriented bottle made of a crystalline polymer of ethylene, characterized by a circumferential orientation relief tension in the range of 4.5-4 »6 kg / cm, an axial orientation relief tension in the range of 5.3» 4 »6 kg / cm ² , a flexural elasticity module in the circumferential direction at 23 ⁰ O in the range of 173 - 209 gm / cm ² , further a flexural elasticity module in the axial direction in the range of 254 - 314 gm / cm ² , an impact tensile strength in Vmfangsrlohtunf at 23 ⁰ C in the range of 2 , 10 - 5.45 mkg / om, and due to a flexural strength in the axial direction at 23 ° C in the range of 3.53 - 4.8 a mkg / cm ⁰ _o j Bad ORiGi _NAL 3098Q7 / 0322 11 ", molecular-oriented bottle made of a crystalline polymer of polypropylene, characterized by an orientation relief stress in the circumferential direction in the range from 9.5 - 12.7 kg / cm j an orientation relief stress in the axial direction in the range of 10, 5 to 13.5 kg / cm ^2, a flexural modulus of elasticity in ümfangsrichirang at 23 ⁰ C in the range of sound from 231 to 297 gm / cn _f a Biegeelas bizitätsmodul in the axial direction in the range of 249 - at 287 gm / cm, an impact-tensile strength in IJmfangsrichtung 23 ⁰ C in the range of 5 to 13 _S 7t30 kg-m / cm and an impact-tensile strength in the axial "direction at 23 ° e in the range 6.46 to 9» m ~ 55 kg / cm · 3098 07/0322 ill- Blank page