DE1601585A1 - Process and gas turbine for converting chemical binding energy into mechanical energy - Google Patents

Description

. o - nforschn.nrjsanlr ^ -; o «.". borrowed de ρ! v.wic-ss No -c'rhein-w'estf alon-e. V.

ν ';: <' ΛΠ, Ι ·: .οη and gas turbine for converting chenis-oher Bindunrsonor ^ ie in mecUaniscl-e .'ine:. 'p · ic

. : C: '. Ni.:un7 concerns a faucet and a gas turbine between - V: v: - ^! ; \ n-Ali \ ng of Ebonl's binding energy in mechar.ir · ■ ·. ■ "!! 'nor ^ ie.

/ - ■■ hLsher ^; : o!: r.nntcn G'ε turbines are operated onbv.'ode.v with .I'i'enom o.lo: - rait sesclilop-jencai cycle. Here \. ± -C for.s 71 uid, i.e. air or another gas, in the compressor at a higher pressure and at a higher temperature; obr;:. 3ht. Subsequently, the flux J is brought to a high temperature by the V / arms released in a combustion chamber or fed into a V'arsiotransmitter at approximately the same pressure, whereupon the turbine is subjected to a pressure and temperature drop. iis service is withdrawn, of which only a part as!. "... taleistuns au:. · is available because part of this .Yü;.: ;;!: ung der.i pre-sealer has to be supplied., Sine much-L. Ά '. Applied improvement of this procedure to Bet:, ci ..) on oino:

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te air or gas flow through the exhaust gas from the turbine before entry into the combustion chamber or into the heat exchanger is preheated. Through this * hatred becomes eggs The efficiency of the process 2w> r increased somewhat, it lies but still considerably deeper &! · looking for a Garnet's Principle of the maximum temperature and the ambient temperature certain efficiency since the 7 / arm intake far below the maximum temperature and the heat extraction above the surrounding tarred door.

Based on the well-known "Eriesoa process is going even been suggested * _t at a hot air machine from a compressor üöd an expansion machine is, etas working gas, SB. Air or helium to be heated between the thickener and the expansion machine and to convert part of the absorbed heat into mechanical work during expansion (cf. e.g. E, Schmidt, TheraodyÄami *, 10, edition, Springer, Berlin 1963, p. 134) . The theoretical efficiency of a machine operated in this way is equal to the Carnot efficiency, i.e. it is given by the upper and lower temperatures and pressures used in the process. A necessary prerequisite for this, however, is that both the depression of the working gas in the compressor and the expansion in the

Turbine or isothermal in the expansion machine. 'However, this is \ or only with a very considerable effort to konstujirktiven with the previously known devices; realize, and indeed £ 0 ^r 'in such a way that the

Compression process into smaller steps "will be ^killed; after each adiabatic compression, it is only cooled back to the original part. This applies in ν 00984 ^ / 0354 _{; :}

correspondingly also for the expansion process, whereby between the individual adiabatic sub-steps the working temperature must be heated up again.

The object of the invention is, therefore, a method and a Gas turbine for converting chemical energy into mechanical energy Energy <zw jschaffen, in the case of the gas or gas mixture . is expanded at a temperature which approximates the Temperature corresponds to the gas or gas mixture of a known per se, suitable for heat transfer Device, such as a heat exchanger or, also a nuclear reactor, been granted eats *

This object is achieved according to the invention in that something known per se at a predetermined temperature under, absorption of chemical heat of formation at practically constant, temperature decaying or revolving, converting gas or gas mixture by means of a nuclear reactor, a heat exchanger or some other inherent information Device for heat transfer through, heating up to above the decomposition or transformation temperature to Decomposition is brought about or converted, and that the decomposition or conversion products at a below -, Zerialls- or Uiawandlungstemperatur lying temperature.

-.under a running temperature at practically constant Expansion can be recombined in the gas turbine. The recombination in the gas turbine takes place according to dei? Creation in the manner of a known catalog

It is a matter of judgment that nJLs work gas is an intrinsic one to use French gas. It is. it. .practical, at Implementation of the method according to the invention

009845/03

To dehydrate gas in the facility provided for heat transfer.

A preferred measure for carrying out the method according to the invention is to use as the working gas athan, which is broken down into ethylene and hydrogen in the heat exchanger or another device suitable for heat transfer. It is advantageous, the ethane in a manner known per se Pressure: k of about 40 atm and to provide a temperature of about ⁰ C IGOO.

The gas turbine for carrying out the method according to eier The invention is expediently designed so that the for recombination of the decomposition or conversion products of the;:.: .- working gas The required catalytic converter is provided on the guide and rotor blades of the gas turbine. That can happen, for example, that the guide and rotor blades of the gas turbine in a known manner with be provided with a catalyst coating. To the process To promote the recombination at a practically constant temperature, it is advantageous to use the coating of the guide and rotor blades from the inlet side of the gas turbine to the outlet side with increasing thickness to train. When using athan as the working gas and non-pyrophoric nickel under the designation Raney nickel is known, 'is used as a catalyst It is advisable to increase the coating from 10 μm to 1 mm. In addition to or instead of this, it is also possible to change the concentration of the catalyst used. Another one advantageous measure to ensure a practically constant temperature during the recombination is, the catalyst coating is porous, with from the inlet side to the outlet side of the

00984S / 0IS4

Gas turbine to form increasing pore size. "CI: This canoe easily through the use of Haney-IT. G1 different grain sizes are realized as KcitalyndDr also proved to be a fine-grained platinum, which is known as platinum black, to be very suitable in law may as catalysts.. Depending on the working gas, the Übersanfipelements of the periodic system or their compounds or also Züdelmetalle can be used.

A great advantage of the method according to the invention consists in the fact that when heat is supplied by means of a Wä: raeübertrageES the working medium, namely the gas or the gas mixture absorbs heat in the form of chemical formation heat during decomposition or conversion, without that there is a substantial increase in temperature. The 3intrittstemper.at.ur of the gas .will be practical during maintain the entire expansion process in the turbine, that is, the! expansion takes place with that for the conditions in practical operation the greatest possible approximation isothermal. That means that the Carnot efficiency at the implementation of the method according to the invention is much better approximated than by the previously known methods will. In addition, there is a further advantage that the gas continuously heats up during the expansion process; the chemical formation energy is supplied without it to this, as for example in the case of combustion, be j special reaction spaces are required, ^ in very special ' Advantage resulting from the application of the procedure according to the invention results, ultimately consists in that a greater useful power is available because the power output by the gas turbine is greater than · ,. ■ <, the power consumed by the compressor. Because the work

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- α -

after decomposition, bit gas has a larger one. "=: volume, than after the combination.

After I el: ombination of the resulting products r.vanalung UI in the cleavage oO.es the gas or dz> s ~ .sgemisch genäß cle.v for performing the method "rfinduns au back in circulation again the 7A?. . .vmeübcvtvn <ro-r ^ lührt where a new cleavage or conversion takes place if there in case of need, - for example, from nias ^ hinenbaulichen reasons - is desired, os without v vi fceres possible to use only a portion of the existing latent Hieini. The formation energy in the gas turbine needs only to be reduced by the occupancy rate and the concentration of the catalyst.

In the case of the "-henic reaction ira Yrärineübovtrager secondary processes can occur, these are in de ν Verv / oniamg of: ithan als \ xbeitsgas, tea:., Higher Pr.ri-f fine, ΓοΖ; · olefine and Methrn. These P. vodulite werclon by a:; or /! "inuiev-Iioh working, known bypass vf ± eCo :: i, v: Z prepares and returns it to the circulation. The preparation of the products resulting from the use of lithane takes place via a high-temperature pyrolyse at 1500 "" 5T, possibly with the help of electrical glow discharges.

The method according to the invention shall be based on the following Executed embodiment will be explained, Athan was at a pressure of 40 atm, at a Temperature from eb * .va ICOO C in a Y / heat exchanger in Ethylene and hydrogen split. This gas mixture was caused at a temperature of about ciöO ° C in the gas turbine

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be guided. During the expansion it kept a temperature box between (300 ° and 350 ° C., fine-grained nickel being used as a catalyst. The combination to athan took place up to a few percent. The gas dilated during the expansion up to a Dr ti el: von etvr.b vtm. De: -.

Claims (1)

-O I SS0 L ICKTIO ^ ΐΛίΛβΙ K ^ Jko ti-x b / κ α. / - f'ö ^ Claims 'Ψ.ί.' ■ . ■■ ■ ■ '■ —— 'Experienced conversion of chemical bonding properties into mechanical energy by means of a gas turbine, characterized by "df " is brought h fiekrnntrr means for transferring heat to the upper hv Ib-decomposition or the Umwandlungsteiaperatur to Zcrlall or umgewnndelt, and that the disintegration ^ or Ümwandlungsprodukte wherein: GPS or Gr.sgemisoh by heating by means of a nuclear reactor, a heat exchanger or other, to si a temperature below the decomposition or transformation temperature in the presence of a catalyst with expansion while the temperature in the gas turbine remains constant. 2, method according to claim 1, geke η η ζ ei c. h η ο t through the use of an organic gas known per se as the working gas. 009845 / 03S4 ;. . Vor.-falv-en according to claim 2, el a α urch g ο I: G η η ζ calibrates that the gas in the πν.- ,, 'üvr.ie'lüertrr.gimg provided device dehv-! "I ci-ioi't will. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized : · S 1 ·: ο η η ζ e i c h η e t that under multiple Ahaospheric pressure athane in the for heat transfer planned execution is broken down into ethylene and hydrogen. . ". Yr iah-en according to claim 4, characterized in that ff c- Ι ·; e η η ξ θ i η ct that the athan in the ^{device provided for i7äi" mo:} ToertraguTi2 under a di-ik'L of 40 atm and vu £ brought a temperature of et v / aj GOO ⁰ C vdrd. G. Gas turbine for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the catalyst is applied to the guide and rotor blades of the gas turbine in a manner known per se, 7. Gas turbine according to claim S, characterized in that Π :. e 1: e η η ζ eic Ii et η that the catalyst as a coating on the blades and vanes ^of: is applied gas turbine on the input side to the gas turbine Ausgangsseitej eggs zunehmenderDicice. ü. Gas turbine according to claim 6, characterized gelcennzei chnet that the catalyst aisporous coating with pore size increasing from the inlet side to the outlet side of the gas turbine applied to the guide and rotor blades $ et. // 009845/0354 _ _1Q _ - 10 - 9. Plant for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that for reconversion don in the Decomposition of the gas or gas mixture in the device provided for heat transfer by-products, a known bypass is provided.