DE1570959B1 - Process for the production of polyacrylonitrile - Google Patents
Process for the production of polyacrylonitrileInfo
- Publication number
- DE1570959B1 DE1570959B1 DE19651570959D DE1570959DA DE1570959B1 DE 1570959 B1 DE1570959 B1 DE 1570959B1 DE 19651570959 D DE19651570959 D DE 19651570959D DE 1570959D A DE1570959D A DE 1570959DA DE 1570959 B1 DE1570959 B1 DE 1570959B1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polyacrylonitrile
- sncl
- production
- polymerization
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
Man kennt ein Verfahren zur Photopolymerisation von Acrylnitril in homogenem Medium unter Benutzung von konzentrierten Lösungen von SnCl2 in dem Polymerisationsprozeß.A method is known for the photopolymerization of acrylonitrile in a homogeneous medium using concentrated solutions of SnCl 2 in the polymerization process.
Die Verwendung von SnCl4 als Initiator bei der Polymerisation der Nitrilgruppen von Acetonitril und anderen Nitrilen ist ebenfalls bereits beschrieben.The use of SnCl 4 as an initiator in the polymerization of the nitrile groups of acetonitrile and other nitriles has also already been described.
Es ist auch bereits bekannt, zur Herstellung spinnbarer Lösungen von Polyacrylnitril Acrylnitril in wäßrigen Lösungen anorganischer Salze durch Lösungspolymerisation zu polymerisieren, wobei eine Mischung zweier Salze mit verschieden lösenden Eigenschaften eingesetzt wird, z. B. ZnCl2 und CaCl2. Als lösendes Salz wurde bei diesem bekannten Verfahren SnCl4 genannt, jedoch wird es nur in 30- bis 50%iger Lösung eingesetzt. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren kann die Polymerisation in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren oder durch Einwirkung aktinischer Strahlen ausgelöst werden.It is also already known, for the preparation of spinnable solutions of polyacrylonitrile, to polymerize acrylonitrile in aqueous solutions of inorganic salts by solution polymerization, a mixture of two salts with different dissolving properties being used, e.g. B. ZnCl 2 and CaCl 2 . In this known process, SnCl 4 was named as the dissolving salt, but it is only used in a 30 to 50% solution. In this known process, the polymerization can be initiated in the presence of catalysts or by the action of actinic rays.
Ferner ist ein Verfahren zur Gewinnung der verschiedenen Formen des Polyacrylnitrile mit Halbleitereigenschaften bekannt, das die Erhitzung des PoIyacrylnitrilpulvers für 4 Stunden auf 150°C und hierauf für 2 Stunden auf 5000C vorsieht.Further, a process for the recovery of the various forms of polyacrylonitriles with semiconductor properties is known, providing for the heating of the PoIyacrylnitrilpulvers for 4 hours at 150 ° C and then for 2 hours at 500 0 C.
Diese Verfahren weisen den Nachteil eines hohen Energieverbrauchs, niedriger Ausbeuten an Polymerisat und der Notwendigkeit einer nachträglichen Behandlung auf.These processes have the disadvantage of high energy consumption and low polymer yields and the need for post-treatment.
Es wurde nun ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyacrylnitril durch Polymerisation von Acrylnitril in wäßrigen Salzlösungen, die SnCl4 enthalten, unter Einwirkung von ultravioletten Strahlen gefunden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Polymerisation in einer wäßrigen Salzlösung, die als alleiniges Salz mindestens 58% SnCl4 enthält, durchgeführt wird.A process has now been found for the production of polyacrylonitrile by polymerizing acrylonitrile in aqueous salt solutions containing SnCl 4 under the action of ultraviolet rays, which is characterized in that the polymerization is carried out in an aqueous salt solution containing at least 58% SnCl as the sole salt 4 contains, is carried out.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beseitigt die genannten Nachteile.The method according to the invention eliminates the disadvantages mentioned.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wirkt das SnCl4 sowohl als Initiator als auch in wäßriger Lösung als Lösungsmittel für die Umsetzung, was die Gewinnung von Polyacrylnitril mit einem hohen Gehalt an Zinn gestattet, das Halbleitereigenschaften besitzt.In the process according to the invention, the SnCl 4 acts both as an initiator and, in aqueous solution, as a solvent for the reaction, which enables polyacrylonitrile with a high content of tin, which has semiconductor properties, to be obtained.
Das nach der Erfindung hergestellte Polyacrylnitril mit Halbleitereigenschaften kann beispielsweise zur chemischen Katalyse verwendet werden.The polyacrylonitrile produced according to the invention with semiconductor properties can, for example, for chemical catalysis can be used.
Nachstehend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beschrieben.An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is described below.
In ein Quarzgefäß wird 1 ml zweifach destilliertes Acrylnitril zusammen mit 15 ml einer SnCl4-Lösung von einer 58,7%igen Konzentration eingeführt, worauf das Gemisch für 4 Stunden bei 200C der Einwirkung von Ultraviolettstrahlen ausgesetzt wird, die von einer 300-Watt-Quecksilberdampf lampe ausgestrahlt werden. Das Polymere wird aus der SnCl4-Lösung durch Verdünnen mit Wasser ausgefällt. Man erhält eine Ausbeute von 70 bis 78% Polyacrylnitril mit einem Gehalt von 33,4% Sn im Polymeren und einer bei Zimmertemperatur bestimmten Leitfähigkeit von etwa 2,7 bis 14,5 · ΙΟ-6 Ω -1 · cm-1.In a quartz vessel 1 ml double-distilled acrylonitrile, together with 15 ml of a SnCl 4 solution of a 58.7% strength e introduced n concentration, and the mixture for 4 hours at 20 0 C the action is exposed to ultraviolet rays from a 300 watt mercury vapor lamp. The polymer is precipitated from the SnCl 4 solution by diluting it with water. A yield of 70 to 78% polyacrylonitrile is obtained with a content of 33.4% Sn in the polymer and a conductivity of about 2.7 to 14.5 · ΙΟ- 6 Ω - 1 · cm- 1, determined at room temperature.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weist folgende Vorteile auf:The method according to the invention has the following advantages:
geringer Energieverbrauch, da die Polymerisation bei Zimmertemperatur stattfindet;low energy consumption as the polymerisation takes place at room temperature;
die Möglichkeit, das Verfahren kontinuierlich durchzuführen;the ability to carry out the process continuously;
das Polymerisat benötigt keinerlei nachträgliche Behandlung.the polymer does not require any subsequent treatment.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RO4770264 | 1964-03-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1570959B1 true DE1570959B1 (en) | 1970-06-25 |
Family
ID=20086443
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19651570959D Pending DE1570959B1 (en) | 1964-03-23 | 1965-03-08 | Process for the production of polyacrylonitrile |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT261212B (en) |
BE (1) | BE661317A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1570959B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1097312A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6503008A (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2648647A (en) * | 1951-05-28 | 1953-08-11 | Dow Chemical Co | Polymerizing acrylonitrile in aqueous mixed salts |
DE1010276B (en) * | 1952-08-25 | 1957-06-13 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for the polymerization of acrylonitrile |
-
1965
- 1965-03-05 AT AT196865A patent/AT261212B/en active
- 1965-03-08 DE DE19651570959D patent/DE1570959B1/en active Pending
- 1965-03-09 NL NL6503008A patent/NL6503008A/xx unknown
- 1965-03-12 GB GB10661/65A patent/GB1097312A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-03-18 BE BE661317A patent/BE661317A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2648647A (en) * | 1951-05-28 | 1953-08-11 | Dow Chemical Co | Polymerizing acrylonitrile in aqueous mixed salts |
DE1010276B (en) * | 1952-08-25 | 1957-06-13 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for the polymerization of acrylonitrile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE661317A (en) | 1965-07-16 |
NL6503008A (en) | 1965-09-24 |
AT261212B (en) | 1968-04-10 |
GB1097312A (en) | 1968-01-03 |
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