DE1560946B1 - Process for the continuous production of tubular goods and a circular knitting machine to carry out the process - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a 'method for continuous production of tubular goods, e.g. B. socks, and their separation from each other and at the same time relates to a circular knitting machine performing the method, in particular Double cylinder circular knitting machine, with a lock surrounding the needle cylinder and in the interior of the cylinder, by sinker lock parts moved sinkers for continuous production of tubular goods parts.

Up to now it has been customary to carry out continuously manufactured goods blanks. To connect connecting or separating rows with each other, but the separation of the previous part of the goods from the following part of the goods only occurred when the following part of the goods was almost finished. This was done either by tearing (French Patent 1379 145) or by cutting (U.S. Patents 2,933,908, 2543574 and 2167 534) the separating thread.

In the previously known manufacturing processes for women's stockings z. B. produced a number of tubular stocking blanks, each individually to be started and completed. The thread is taken from the last needles, by leading the thread guide away from them as soon as the respective item of goods is reached is completed. Then the piece of goods is blasted off by the needles, before the thread guide is brought back to the thread that was previously cut has been reintroduced. However, this known method has complications with it, which essentially consist in pinching and cutting the thread and to control the movement of the thread guide correctly, including additional devices are necessary, which are included in the general workflow.

In a known circular knitting machine (U.S. Patent 1691887) A special board is available for making stockings, which is in place of the usual blanks inserted into the cylinder groove and provided with a cutting edge is to immediately separate floats during knitting, which during incorporation from reinforcement threads or when working with plating patterns. The special board moves with its cutting edge in the radial direction between two needles, wherein the thread to be severed against slipping down only through the PCB nose is secured. This particular training of a separating device has however, the disadvantage that when using very elastic and very elastic The thread material is only stretched by the cutting edge, which can be moved to a limited extent, but is not severed because the cutting edge does not work with any counter-blade.

The invention is therefore based on the object, while avoiding the Disadvantages of the known methods and devices, a method and a device to develop a continuous production of tubular goods blanks allow the subsequent blank immediately after their production are separable.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the just finished piece of goods partially blasted off the needles and the new following one Item of goods following the stitches of the old item of goods that have not yet been blown off freed from the old stitches by laying threads and enclosing them over several Needles is started and that then the separation of the thread, which the old The piece of goods and the subsequent stitches of the newly started piece of goods, and the remaining stitches of the old piece of goods are broken off The thread is still immediately behind the last stitches of the old piece of goods holding needles separately.

The thread is also deflected in the area of the separation point exposed to a given thread length over sinkers and needle shafts to tear tension, or the thread is cut in a known manner depending on its extensibility.

A circular knitting machine, in particular, is used to carry out the method Double-cylinder circular knitting machine of the type described above, for use in which, according to the invention, a drive part is provided with which a needle group, which between the remaining meshes that have not yet been blown off and the Starting stitch of the new piece of fabric producing needle group lies on one about the insertion height for the connecting the finished and the started piece of goods Thread is liftable; in addition, this thread is between the needles of the needle group enclosing separating device formed by sinkers and needles is provided.

According to the invention, the cylinder lock has a needle group that lifts it Expulsion part and one of the sinkers lying in the separation area between the needle shafts driving and the thread between these tensioning lock part.

In another embodiment, they are arranged in the separation area Known sinkers assigned to cover plates, which partially with a thread between the needles and adjacent sinkers enclosing the cutting edge are.

The advantage of the method and device according to the invention is to see that there is a substantial simplification of the individual operations of the Machine and also the end product is improved.

The inventive concept extending to the method and the machine is explained in one embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows F i g. 1 is a side view of a circular knitting machine according to the invention, FIG. 2 one detailed side view of a longitudinal section with parts of the needle cylinder in larger representation and at a time when a piece of goods is blasted off and knitting begins on a subsequent piece of goods, FIG. 3 a view the locks in a developed view, which in the machine with two systems Is used, F i g. 4 shows a longitudinal section with parts of the respective upper and lower needle cylinder of a circular knitting machine of a different design, F i g. 5 a Top view of a needle slide which, in the arrangement according to FIG. 4 Use finds, F i g. 6 is a view of part of the FIG. 4 shown device, the parts being arranged differently from one another. The ones in the The invention shown in the drawings takes place in a double-cylinder circular knitting machine for working with men's socks, the machine being used for transferring Double latch needles from one needle cylinder to the other in one known to the person skilled in the art Way is set up so that, as and when desired, between right / left and Right / right knitting can be switched. The invention can of course can also be used on a machine that only has one needle cylinder, how to use them to work right / left knitted fabrics, e.g. B. a machine, which is designed for working on women's stockings or a machine for working other right / left tubular knitted fabric.

The in F i g. 1 shown circular knitting machine has in general the usual structure and consists of a frame 10, a bed plate 11, lower and upper needle cylinders 12 and 13 and a main control drum 14 together. The upper and lower lock shells 15 and 16 are also shown and the operation of the moving parts, which are involved in controlling the machine can be used, such as B. Locks and thread guides, is carried out in groups 17, 18 shown control rods. The machine also has holders 19 for bobbins and a frame 20 and 21 on which fastenings 22 and 23 lead to the thread and thread tension sit.

The tubular pieces of goods produced in circular knitting, in In this case, men's socks are pushed down through the lower needle cylinder 12 discharged into a flue pipe 24 through which they are closed by means of an air stream or suction an ejector 25 are drawn from which they are at a suitable time in a transportable bucket-like container 26 are ejected.

In the case of the FIG. 2 shown longitudinal section through the adjacent Parts of the needle cylinders 12 and 13 are other individual parts of the machine visible, certain conventional parts of the machine being shown schematically, see above that the parts that are important for the invention emerge more clearly. The needle cylinder 12 has needle slides, as they are as needle slide 27 in F i G. 3 are shown engaging double latch needles 28; within the lower Needle cylinder 12 is a sinker ring 29 on the inside of sinkers 30 with Feet 31 sit, which are controlled by sinker parts 32, 33. Meshes the last row of stitches of a tubular piece of goods 34, which practically finished and partly blasted off the needles are still going to be on needles 28 a (FIG. 2) of the lower needle cylinder 12 and on further on the right Needles held, the heads of which are below the upper part of the sinker ring 29 and therefore cannot be seen. Still with those lowered needles The knitted fabric in engagement is shown at point 35. To the right of the knitted fabric 35 (see FIG. 2) there are seven raised needles with heads 28, and these are the first needles from which the meshes of the item 34 were blown off.

The socks 34 are normally from the top or from the edge side worked towards the toe, with both the main and the rear auxiliary system are arranged accordingly; in the following, the should now refer to the production position a sock blank subsequent operation with reference to the process shown in FIG. 3 illustrated lock assembly are shown.

Following the work of the toe pocket of the blank 34 in the normal mode of operation of the pendulum gear, complete courses of the right / left knitted fabric are worked on the main system in order, as is known per se, to create stable courses of stitches that are later connected to the closing of the toe end , e.g. B. by means of chains removed. As soon as the point is reached where the next sock is to begin, the trigger element 101 (FIG. 3) is brought forward on the system at the rear so that it engages a small group of needle sliders 27 carrying middle feet (in the example the seven with the Needles 28 b), which are located in the middle of the short knitting feet in the lower needle cylinder 12. The knitting feet of the needle slide 27 are arranged in a conventional manner, with short feet in the "heel" half and long feet in the "instep" half. As soon as the group of needle slides 27 provided with medium-length feet is withdrawn from the trigger part 101 , the trigger part 101 moves directly into the track, so that all subsequent needle slides 27 are lowered. It only remains inside for the duration of one cylinder revolution and, since no thread is fed to the thread guide located at the back, the stitches are all blown off as soon as the associated needle slide 27 run against this haul-off part 101. Subsequent to the step where the group of needle slides 27 provided with central feet have run down the trigger part 101, they now advance further under the lock part 102 until their transmission feet hit the lock part 103. By means of this lock part 103 they are raised so that the knitting feet run up the lock part 103 and raise the associated needles to the height of the enclosure. Since there is no thread on these needles at this stage, there is a need to open the tongues by means of further devices; In this embodiment, the needle slides 36 of the upper needle cylinder 13 (Fig. 3) are directed to a height where their lugs 105 (which are specially designed for this purpose) meet the needles, whose needle slides advance up the Schloßtei1104 and their tongues to open.

The empty needles, led by group 28b, their needle slide have middle feet, continue walking at the confinement level until they impinge on the needle-lifting expulsion part 106 which is arranged so that it lifts the needle slide group with middle feet to heel level, while the short feet can do it. The Ausiebstei1106 is then on it completely taken off the track so that the long feet are also at containment height can run past.

The facts at this stage are as follows: The knitting of the final row of stitches of the finished sock takes place on main system A, with the needle slides running down the Schloßtei1107. The needle slider is then raised by the impact of their feet against the Schloßtei1108 so that they (a and 28 in F i g. 2) to raise the needles into Einschließhöhe 115th The needles are pressed at the waste zugsteil 101 "" (as the needles left group 28a completely move down), and the tongues of empty needles should be opened as soon as needle valves are lifted by Schloßtei1104. Empty needles approach main system A at containment level, led by the group of seven or similar needles (whose needle slides have medium knitting feet) at heel level.

As soon as the needle group is at heel height (28 b in Fig. 2) on the main system A passes, the thread is taken from the last by the thread guide 37 (FIG. 2) Needle placed so that they are in front of this group 28 c outside the needle shafts of the group 28 b at heel level and into the hooks of the following empty needles. The thread section, the outside of the needle shafts of the group of seven or about seven needles Heel height is placed, is a more or less straight piece of thread 38 (Fig. 2). It is placed against the needle shafts of the needles 28 a, the sinkers 30 at Main system A does not come into operation. The sinkers 30 are as normal disengaged approximately between points X'-X2 (Fig. 3). Once the above mentioned Piece of thread 38 reaches point X1 and sinkers 30 indent to their normal To exercise the knock-off function, take the piece of thread 38 between the needle shafts in. Since the piece of thread 38 is by no means long enough to make this tangled Take shape, it tears at a time when three or four sinkers 30 to Tee point are indented. Although this is the actual separation point for the two socks, the thread ends are each taken from sinkers 30 controlled.

The difficulty after blasting off a single piece of goods Feeding the thread again to the empty needles becomes complete by this procedure solved because the thread guide remains in action. The actual release of the finished socks and the subsequent taking up of the thread and knitting of the first course of the new sock is described below, with the description starts at the moment when the thread breaks.

The remaining knitted stitches 35 a of the finished piece of goods, which are still hanging down from the respective needles 28 a, lie between the tear-off point of the thread; the needles 28 a squeeze their stitches 35 a as soon as they run down the feed curve of the haul-off part 101 located at the back. These remaining needles lie between the points YY (Fig. 3), and since the rotation of the needle cylinder continues, these needles also run down the trigger part 101 and press off, thereby releasing the finished item of goods, which by air flow on the way is ejected via the exhaust pipe 24. The needles following the group of seven or about seven needles 28b (in which the beginning end of the thread for the new piece of goods is enclosed between their needle shafts and the sinkers) at heel level take all the thread into their hooks on main system A. These needles had all previously squeezed off at the trigger 101 of the shepherd's lying system, and their tongues had been opened, as described above, so that they are able to take up the suture on the main system A. The feet of the group 28 b running on the heel height above the waste zugsteil 101 of the shepherd lying system, and the subsequent needles are lowered to accommodate the suture thread characterized in that the respective feet behind run the lock part 107, and may remain lowered, whereby the lock part 104 withdrawn is located so that they do not include their stitches and are made to pull past the shepherd's trigger part in this low position. The sinkers grip the thread again before the needles are raised again. Transferring needles are raised by means of sample pusher to the enclosure height, the sample pusher lifting these in such a way that the respective needle slides run up the lock part 104. These selected needles are then transferred to the upper needle cylinder via the pattern device (not shown). The needles come in this way to the main system A in a 1: 1 arrangement, namely selected needles in the upper needle cylinder and intermediate needles in the lower needle cylinder, the thread following a zigzag path from the hooks of the intermediate Needles (lower needle cylinder) runs to the selected needles (upper needle cylinder), where the thread is held behind the respective open tongues, ie a row of nets is formed. In the main system A, the respective slide feet of these needles follow the channels 109 and 110. It must be pointed out again that there are no loops on these needles, as soon as they reach the main system A, and that the thread is only a row of nets from needle to needle.

As soon as the needles pass through main system A, the needle slides of the “right-hand needles” follow channel 110 and are lifted by trigger part 111. Even though there is only a thread on the needles and not a stitch, a good feed is guaranteed; because the thread lies in the hooks of the "left needles", the needle slides of which are located in the channel 109 , and behind the tongues of the "right needles" which are held open by the tongue guard. The tongues are closed by this thread over the new thread. The knitting takes place only on "right needles". The knock-off part 1112 is withdrawn so that the newly formed knitted stitches are not enclosed in this place, but are held at a high level in order to hold back the stitches on the needles when they pass the point of the shepherd's lying system. The "left needles" stay low on the shepherd's system (with the lock part 1108 retracted), and the pushing part1113 on the shepherd's system drives out the "right needles" so that the sinkers engage over the thread. The "left needles" are then all raised from the containment member 104 , and the respective needle slides follow the channel 114 to bring them to the main system knitting.

If a border is required (which is not required with this setup is), the edge lock part is withdrawn at this point, so that the formation of the edge can start immediately.

When an elastic thread can be worked into the top of the sock it can be inserted into a pair of needles just before the edge begins, which knit 1: 1 knit / knit. The elastic thread actually becomes the needle of first needle slide fed, which of the above group of seven or about seven middle feet having needle sliders follows which guide the needles 28b into the middle of the short knitting feet.

The slide group 36 in the upper needle cylinder, which immediately sits above this group, has long feet, so that the edge lock part at the beginning the edge can be withdrawn. Because this group has long feet can reach a few needles further than the group with middle feet in the lower Needle cylinder, these pair of needles will knit 1: 1 on main system A to get the Insertion of the elastic thread to inhibit, and then one into the edge channel The row of stitches enter later than normal.

A modified arrangement (FIGS. 4 to 6) provides for the thread to be severed between successive pieces of goods by means of cutting. The cutting process can be used with any thread material, but it is particularly appropriate when using an elastic or .dehnbaren thread, which is less easy to tear by lengthening the path on the way of the movement of the sinkers 30 between the raised needles 28 b bring is (see. Fig. 2). The upper and lower needle cylinders 201 and 202 (FIG. 4) each have on the outside vertical cylinder grooves 203 in which needle slides 204 and 205 are accommodated; which act on double latch needles 206 to form tubular knitted fabrics. A plate 207 is provided between each adjacent pair of needles. The sinkers 207 sit, since they must perform a circular movement in circular grooves 208 which are present in a platinum ring 209 which is mounted above the needle cylinder 202nd The sinkers 207 each have a sinker beak 210 which has the task of enclosing the loops formed by the needles and knitting off the knitted loops, as is known per se, from the needles.

It is generally customary to provide a cover device in the form of cover plates adjacent to certain circuit boards in order not to let the circuit boards work. These cover plates sit in the same cylinder groove as the plate 207 and are normally in a low, ineffective position until it is necessary. They are actuated by a lug 211 formed on the adjacent sinker 205 (FIG. 5) and, as soon as they have been raised by the lug 211, have the task of covering the sinker hub 1210, so that unknitted thread sections which, when knitting in the pendulum gear emerge from a thread guide, are not undesirably detected by the Platinenschnabe1210. An introduction of these cover plates in a modified form is used as part of the means to forcibly sever the thread connecting successive pieces of goods.

As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, a group is running of seven or about seven needles 28 b past main system A at heel height, as soon as the thread is laid by a thread guide from the last needle to (before this group) to knit outside the shafts of the group at heel height and into the hooks of the following empty needles. The one outside the shafts on Persenhöhe of the group of seven needles or about seven laid strips of thread is a more or less straight piece of thread 38 (FIG. 2). It is put there while the sinkers at the point of main system A are disengaged. The boards are disengaged as normal, i.e. H. roughly between those marked X1 and X2 Set (F i g. 3), At this stage the other working method is carried out with the steps in F i g. 4 to 6 shown parts applied, so that said thread section, instead of being torn through by the sinkers; on the way to teeing off position is separated in another way to be described below.

The b to the group of seven or about seven needles 28 in heel height adjacent boards 207 are located approximately in the center of the semicircle of needle valves 205 with short legs, the needles 206 of the needle slide would be 205, if necessary, be Läge to knit the pendulum gear . While a group of boards 207 is provided with cover boards at the end of this semicircle, those between the groups do not need cover boards. It is therefore possible (and board) to use an idle Abdeckplatine as a cutting tool adjacent to at least one of the circuit boards 207 within the group of seven or about seven needles 28 b on the heel height.

Such a cutting instrument 212 (which may actually be formed from a cover plate) is shown in FIG. 4 and 6 shown. Similar to a cover plate, it sits next to a plate 207 and in the same groove and has a foot 213 that runs in the same lock channel as the foot of the plate 207 itself. In the low inoperative position (FIG. 4) it can with the plate 207 move in and out without affecting the thread. However, as soon as the adjacent needle slide 205, which is provided with a projection 211, is raised to heel level together with the others in the group of seven or about seven, the cutting instrument 212 is raised by the projection 211; the associated cutting edge 212 a takes the one shown in FIG. 6 a position shown, wherein the cutting edge is advancing on the groove 210 a of the board 207. As soon as the sinkers 207 move into the cut-off position, this cutting edge 112a will come into contact with the straight piece of thread laid over the group and inevitably sever it by cutting between the two adjacent needles 206.

Although the throat a of the circuit board 207, the cutting of the thread is due to the advanced position of the cutting edge 212a with respect to 210 quite possible if only one needle is raised on each side of the cutting instrument 112 206, yet it is clear that in the presence of more than a cutting instrument 112 and by lifting more than two needles 206 the cutting process is carried out more forcefully, which could be advantageous if very elastic thread material is used.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A method for the continuous production of tubular goods, such. B. socks, and their separation from each other on circular knitting machines, in particular on double-cylinder circular knitting machines, characterized in that the just finished item (34) partially blasted off the needles (28 b, 28 c) and the new subsequent item of goods following the still not broken-off stitches (35a, -35) of the old piece of goods (34) is started by laying threads and enclosing them over several needles (28b, 28c) that have already been freed from the old stitches The piece of goods (34) and the subsequent stitches of the newly started piece of goods connects; and the remaining stitches (35a, -35) of the old item of goods (34) are burst. -2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread (38) immediately behind the last stitches (35 a, 35) of the old. Piece of goods (34) holding needles (28 b, 28 c) is separated. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread (38) in the region of the separation point by deflecting a. given thread length over sinker (30) and needle shafts is exposed to tear tension. 4. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the thread (38) is cut through in a known manner as a function of its extensibility. 5. Circular knitting machine, in particular double-cylinder circular knitting machine, with a lock surrounding the needle cylinder and arranged inside the cylinder, by sinker lock parts moving sinkers for the continuous production of hose-like goods, for. B. socks, and their separation from each other according to the method according to claim 1, characterized by an expulsion part (106) "with the one needle group (28 b), which between the remaining stitches (35-ä). And the the starting stitch (351i) of the needle group (28c) producing the new piece of goods lies at a level above the enclosure height; for which thread (38) connecting the finished and the started piece of goods can be raised, as well as a thread (38) between the needles (28) ) separating device formed by sinkers (30 or 207) and needles (28 or 206) including the needle group (28b) 6. Circular knitting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the cylinder locks lift the needle group (28b) Off = drive part (106) and a cam part which drives the sinkers (30) between the needle shafts and braces the thread (38) between them, lying in the separating area This means that the sinkers (207) arranged in the separating area are assigned known cover plates (212) which are partially equipped with a cutting edge (212a) enclosing the thread (38) between the needles (206) and adjacent sinkers (207).