DE1532312A1 - Circulating oven - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a circulating oven, its. '"Jackraum or 3ackräume can be heated with heating gas. Located for this purpose with such Cfen below and above the Jäackzimmer radiators designed as flat hollow bodies, which extend over the viewed baking surface. These radiators, in turn, are connected to ducts that carry the heating gas to and from.

Uli Produce baked goods of uniform quality with such ovens to know, the entire baking surface must be as even as possible be heated. This is special in the case of convection ovens difficult, as the heating gas entering the radiators inevitably has a higher temperature than the exiting gas Heating gas, which is intended to be part of its heat has released, so that significant temperature differences occur between the entry and exit points.

Postal checking account: Karlsruhe 76979 ■ Bank account: Deutsche Bank AG, Villingen 29389

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So that the lowest possible heat losses occur the heating gas paths are usually insulated from the outside with a suitable thermal insulation material. ' This is the The efficiency of the heating system is increased, but it is achieved by no means the desired uniformity of heating. This means that you can use the previously known Heating system in which the below and above Heating gas is supplied to the radiators located in the baking rooms via a supply duct located on one side, which is attached via one at the opposite end Abführschaclit is discharged, only jaw fen a certain, maximum size can be heated. -

lian has already suggested inside the radiators To arrange baffles in such a way that the flow rate of the Iieizgasstromes covered depending on the volume Increased path, which means that the heat transfer coefficient is approximately constant even when the temperature of the Heating gas reached.

The present invention is also based on the object to achieve a uniform heat emission without this the space required for the oven is increased.

This object is achieved according to the present invention with a, Circulation oven solved, in which: the radiators in at least two adjacent chambers are subdivided, each of which has a feed and discharge chutes with a heating

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gas flow variable amount per unit time or _o variable flow rate beschiclcbar are "

Thus, the relatively long Ströniungswege in large ovens are divided into individual short stretches so that the. Inevitably occurring temperature differences between inlet and outlet are hardly noticeable »Furthermore, it is possible to adapt the heating system to all conceivable conditions, since the amount per unit of time or the flow rate of the heating gas can be regulated in each individual chamber. For example, the baking surface in the area of the insertion openings on the loading side of the oven will be warmed up more, since the heat loss is greater in this area than inside the oven _o Depending on the size of the baking surface, several chambers can be arranged next to one another instead of one chamber ©

To regulate the flow rate in each chamber can be used instead of a shared fan, as further proposed is assigned a circulation fan to each Kamier whose speed can be changed beforehand » This keeps the overall / overall height of the furnace small,

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since several small fans take up little space as a large fan, which is especially important for deck ovens with one on top of the other BaekraÄmen is important »

In this case it is also possible to provide a common burner for all chambers. Since the distances to the individual chambers, especially in the case of large-area ovens, are of different lengths, temperature differences inevitably occur between the individual chambers _{or the like}

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These temperature differences can be compensated for in a simple manner according to the present invention in that the flow rate or the amount of heating gas flowing through per unit of time in each chamber is set in this way that in the area of each chamber approximately the same amount of heat is delivered. In this way, a burner can produce an almost uniform baking surface even with large baking surfaces Warming of all baking rooms can be achieved.

It is useful to place the burner in a boiler room to arrange. in. which all discharge shafts open and to which all feed chutes are connected, as has already been proposed.

It was also closed on one side in circulating ovens Radiators and supply and discharge shafts located on the other side proposed, in j% em Radiator to arrange at least one baffle so that the Heating gases flow through them in a U-shape ^ Also according to the invention trained and arranged radiator chamber can be equipped with advantage Ait a ..: Such a baffle. Here, the baffle can also be arranged in a manner already proposed so that the Flow cross-section of the heating gas flow coming from the feed shaft is reduced in size, with further baffles in the heating gas flow in front of or on both sides to guide the heating gases of the baffle are provided »This arrangement leads to

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an almost even heating of the baking surface in the Area of each chamber.

To the required space of the circulating oven according to the invention To keep as small as possible, you can in a further embodiment of the invention, preferably on the

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The feed and discharge shafts located on the back of the furnace are next to each other arrange and between them only a partition provide. ■

According to the present invention, both so-called Eta.gen ovens, in which the backraunia are stacked in layers lie, as well as mesh belt ovens, in which within the or heta bands are arranged around the bakery, can be improved in an advantageous manner. .

In order to be able to use a deck oven as versatile as possible, it is finally proposed to provide bin openings in the baking rooms both on the front side and on the back of the oven. Here, the feed and discharge shafts must be arranged in the area of one or both side walls . Such an oven can be operated from two sides, which is of interest for bakeries who need an oven on the one hand for the bread bakery and on the other hand for the iConditor business. In this case, for example, the oven can be installed in such a way that part of the insertion openings is accessible from the bakery of the bread bakery and the other part is accessible from the bakery of the confectionery.

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The object of the invention is hereinafter based on. Exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing are explained in more detail.

It show »'■";

I ¹ Ig. 1 shows a vertical section of a deck oven designed according to the invention;

Fig. 2 shows the horizontal section along the line A - A in Fig. 1j Fig. 3 shows the vertical section along the length? _: ; s der'Linie 3 - B in Fig. 1; FIG. 4 shows the horizontal section along the line C - C in FIG. 1j

Fig. 5 shows the section in Fi ^. 3 corresponding section through a double Ketzbandofenj

FIG. 6 shows a section corresponding to the section in FIG. 2

by a radiator according to another embodiment;

FIG. 7 shows a section corresponding to the section in FIG. 4 a fan oven according to Fi ^ ;. 6 and

8 shows a horizontal section through a radiator according to FIG another embodiment.

In Figures 1-4 of the drawing are different sections an embodiment of a deck oven according to the invention shown. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, possesses

to this oven, as is usual with deck ovens,

oo other baking rooms 1-4. These bakeries can go through co

Q Einschießöffnungen 5, the check on the front side of the baking furnace are w, are charged with dough pieces .. In order to produce the bottom heat and high heat are below and above

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of the individual bakery rooms through which the heating gas flows radiators 6 to LQ. They are closed on the side facing the front wall, while on the rear side they are connected to feed and discharge shafts 11, 12 and 13, as is the case in particular with the section. 2 is illustrated. The supply and discharge shafts are in turn connected to the boiler room 14 located below the baking rooms, the structure of which is based on the structure shown in I ¹ Ig-. 4 illustrated section is explained in more detail. A burner 15 common to all baking rooms and the aia ^; -End ä & t Abführschäehte 12 and 13 located circulation fans 16 and t? » ...

Pig * 2 shows the successful design of the radiators in a Biawäizbäckof en «While it was previously a policy to provide a radiator below and above the sackcloth, each with only ... one supply, eight and The radiator according to the invention has two heat exchangers divided by a partition 18, which are heated with heating gas via a common feed duct 11, which is inside the chamber. each-. arranged vveils ieitiJlec'ie 19 and 2Q, deflten backward Eniefi i | a UHI 20 a Zufühf ^a Abführschachte and from each other to separate the tuid welöhe ^ Heizgässtroui in each chamber a U-shape

! ^ Ber Verlatifäes Heizgasstroa.es iει uit arrows in the ■ = α "| · üüä 4 aögeäeuteti i» ie on burner 15 within the heating

^u ^ äk & es 14 vorbeistreiöhöMe air (cf. * I ¹ Ig * 4) is heated

änä striot-iii. i'iieätunj the arrows s to.;. Feeder Laoiiti V *

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Inside the feed chute, the heating gas flows upwards in the direction of arrows b until it reaches the bottom Radiator 6 arrives. Part of the heating gas penetrates this radiator and flows through its two "chambers, guided by the partition 18, the guide plates 19 and 20 and the front boundary wall 21 in the direction of the arrows c U-shaped. Itfachdeia the heating gas to the part of its heat Has released the baking surface, it is diverted again via the discharge chutes 12 and 13 and flows in the direction of the Arrows d down, um, sucked in by the fans imd 1.7 »flowing in the direction of arrow e back into the boiler room 14 and to be heated by the burner 15. The like The process takes place in the radiators 7 - 1.0 above. About a fifth of the heating gas is used Discharged to the outside via a shaft, not shown, and renewed by fresh air.

Since the distance between the entry and exit points in every radiator is relatively short, the pedals are only relatively short small temperature differences, which however do not adversely affect the heat distribution within of the .backroom. For ovens with larger areas In baking rooms, however, it is recommended to place the radiators in three or more chambers in Pi,:. 2 shown

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^ Since the infeed and A. Lead out of the rear of the

> v furnace can be the full width of the available

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standing space can be used for the baking surface, such as

the cut in ii _: ·. 3 shows.

Such an arrangement, however, is not suitable for a double mesh belt oven, since in this case insertion openings must be present on the front side and removal openings on the rear side. For this reason, an arrangement is proposed for this purpose, as is shown in section in FIG. 1 of the drawing, and in which the feed and discharge chutes 11, 12 'and 13' are arranged laterally. Similar to the furnace described above, they are connected to radiators 6 ', 7V S ¹ and 9'. A circumferential last belt 22 and 23 is provided within the baked goods i ¹ and 2 ', which are located between the radiators explained, on which the baked goods continuously pass through the baking chamber. In order to be able to operate such an oven in a simple manner, the heating chamber 14 * with the burner 15 'and the fans 16 ¹ and 17 * are arranged above the baking chambers, in contrast to what was previously explained.

In j? Y. 6 of the drawing is a radiator according to another Embodiment according to the present invention in section shown. Radiators are known whose structure corresponds to one of the two iCamers 24 and 25, respectively. To also such To train radiators in the manner according to the invention, The arrangement shown in FIG. 6 is proposed.

The heating gas enters via the common feed shaft 26 co

the two radiator chambers 24 and 25 and flows in the direction

oo * ■ ■ - ■ ■ '■ - ■■■' "■" oo the arrows f to the discharge ducts 27 and 28, via which

^ * by means of the circulation fans 29 and 30 the common

^ seed combustion chamber 31 located burner 32 is fed.

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(see Pig. 7). The heating gas is at the burner in the same · ■ Way as with the arrangement according to Pig. 4 and flows in the direction of the flow arrows g to the common Feed s ch ac lit 26, which chambers the grass back into the radiator directs.

Another embodiment of the radiators according to the present invention shows Pig. 8. Similar to the execution example according to Pig. 2 a common feed shaft 33 is provided, Via which the adjacent chambers 34 and the radiator are flushed with heating gas. Inside everyone Chamber an aittleres baffle 36 or »37 is arranged, whose rear ends 36 a and 37 a partitions between the feed chute 33 and the discharge chutes 38 and form. In addition, further baffles 40-43 are provided, which see narrowing hot gas ducts inside the radiator anmer form. With the help of these channels, the flow of heating gas is accelerated, which means that the heat transfer rate in Depending on the distance covered, yard increases ·. This achieves, as already explained at the beginning, that despite the reduced 2eiaperatur of the heating gas the Baking surface is heated evenly in the area of each chamber.

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Claims (10)

Winkler KG. Claims 1.Circulating oven with below and above the baking t - spaces "located, designed as flat hollow bodies, extending over the said furnace width and length Radiators which are connected to ducts leading in and out of heating gases, characterized in that the Radiators in at least two adjacent ones Chambers are divided, each üxer supply and Discharge shafts with a *.! Eeizgasstroiu changeable amount can be charged per unit of time or flow rate are. 2. Circulating oven according to claim 1, characterized in that that every Kairaaer has a changeable circulation fan Speed is assigned. 3. Circulating oven according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by generating aas heating gas for all emperors Burner. 4. Circulating oven according to claim 3, characterized in that da :, the prime minister in a manner already proposed «Oh heating room. is arranged in which, all discharge shafts ο -. - and to which all feed shafts are connected _w are. ° 5. Circulating eggs with radiators closed on one side and supply and discharge on the other side sch Acht en naci: a- ;! or more, the address 1 BATH C A ' to 4, characterized in that in each radiator chamber at least one baffle is arranged in such a way that the heating gases flow through each chamber in a U-shape. « 6. circulating oven according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide plate in already proposed manner der- ■ type is arranged that the flow cross section of the Feed chute coming heating gas flow is reduced, and that for guiding the heating gases v / pus baffles in the Heating gas flow in front of or on both sides of the guide plate are seen. ' 7. Circulating oven according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the preferably on the back of the furnace located supply and discharge shafts are arranged side by side, with between they have a partition. 8. Circulating oven according to one or more of the claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the baking rooms are arranged in a manner known per se one above the other are. 9. Circulating oven according to one or more of the claims 1-8, characterized in that within the or the baking tan in a known manner circulating chopping belts are arranged. - (D ■ -. <o 10. Circulation oven with eta / jenförmi ^ arranged one above the other oo ^ ■ baking rooms according to one or more of claims 1 - 9> ο characterized in that the shooting openings of the ' ^w . Baking rooms are arranged partly on the front and partly on the rear desröfens, with the access and A3 Discharge shafts in the area of one or both side walls are provided. 909883/0153