DE152659C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE152659C DE152659C DENDAT152659D DE152659DA DE152659C DE 152659 C DE152659 C DE 152659C DE NDAT152659 D DENDAT152659 D DE NDAT152659D DE 152659D A DE152659D A DE 152659DA DE 152659 C DE152659 C DE 152659C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- mercury oxide
- electrode made
- solution
- graphite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mercury(II) oxide Chemical compound [Hg]=O UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000474 mercury oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L na2so4 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000001138 Tears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
Vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein galvanisches Element, welches einen kräftigen und außerordentlich konstanten Strom erzeugt, bei geringem Umfang eine große Kapazität hat und in der Ruhe keiner Abnutzung unterworfen ist.The present invention relates to a galvanic element which has a strong and Generates extraordinarily constant electricity, with a small volume a large capacity and is not subject to wear and tear in the rest.
Die Elektroden bleiben auch bei Stromentnahme frei von schlechtleitenden Deckschichten und die Spannung, welche bisEven when current is drawn, the electrodes remain free of poorly conducting cover layers and the tension which up
ίο 1,42 Volt beträgt, sinkt bis zur fast vollständigen Erschöpfung des Elements nur um etwa io Prozent.ίο 1.42 volts, drops to almost full Depletion of the element by only about 10 percent.
Die Erregerelektrode besteht aus Zink oder fein verteiltem Kadmium.The excitation electrode consists of zinc or finely divided cadmium.
Die Ableitungselektrode wird in üblicher Weise durch einen indifferenten Leiter, z. B.' Nickelblech, gebildet und befindet sich in einem Gemenge von Quecksilberoxyd Hg O und Graphit, welches in ein leinenes Säckchen eingeschlossen ist. Feinstes Pulver und innigstes Mischen dieser Substanzen ist Bedingung zum guten Funktionieren des Elements. The derivation electrode is in the usual way by an indifferent conductor, for. B. ' Nickel sheet, formed and located in a mixture of mercury oxide Hg O and graphite, which is enclosed in a linen bag. The finest powder and the most intimate mixing of these substances is a prerequisite for the good functioning of the element.
Elemente mit Quecksilber als Depolarisator sind bereits bekannt, z. B. Aron's Quecksilberoxydelement. Allein diese Elemente haben nicht die Fähigkeit, das Oxyd gleichmäßig und erschöpfend zu reduzieren, weshalb bei denselben auch kein kräftiger Strom von annähernd gleichbleibender Stärke sich bildet.Elements with mercury as a depolarizer are already known, e.g. B. Aron's mercury oxide element. These elements alone do not have the ability to reduce the oxide uniformly and exhaustively, which is why in these there is also no strong current of approximately constant strength forms.
Dieser Mangel hat darin seinen Grund, daß das Quecksilberoxyd ein schlechter Leiter ist und bei der Reduktion in flüssiges Metall übergeht, welches einen viel kleineren Raum einnimmt als wie das Oxyd, und daß es in sich zusammensinkt, ohne daß es, selbst bei sehr mäßiger Stromentnahme, seinen Sauerstoff vollständig abzugeben vermag.This deficiency is due to the fact that mercury oxide is a poor conductor and turns into liquid metal during reduction, which takes up a much smaller space occupies as like the oxide, and that it sinks in on itself without it, itself with very moderate current draw, able to give off its oxygen completely.
Durch die feine Verteilung und Mischung des Quecksilberoxyds mit einer erheblichen Menge Graphit, welcher ein guter, aber indifferenter Leiter ist, wird dasselbe in seiner anfänglichen Lage in sicherer Verteilung dauernd festgehalten und eine vollständige Reduktion des Quecksilberoxyds bei kräftiger und konstanter Stromerzeugung ermöglicht; zugleich wird der Widerstand der Depolarisatormasse auf ein sehr geringes Maß herabgedrückt. Due to the fine distribution and mixing of the mercury oxide with a considerable Much graphite, which is a good but indifferent conductor, becomes the same in his the initial position in a secure distribution and a complete one Reduction of mercury oxide with powerful and constant electricity generation possible; at the same time the resistance of the depolarizer mass is reduced to a very low level.
Als Elektrolyt dient eine wässerige Lösung von schwefelsaurem Natron oder Kali oder Ätznatron bezw. Ätzkali. Es können auch mehrere von diesen Lösungen miteinander gemischt verwendet werden.An aqueous solution of sodium sulfate or potash is used as the electrolyte Caustic soda resp. Caustic potash. It is also possible to use several of these solutions mixed with one another.
Wie Versuche ergeben haben, gehen Elemente mit amalgamiertem Zink, die mit Alkalilauge als Elektrolyten recht gut arbeiten, bei der Stromabnahme beständig zurück, wenn anstatt Kali- oder Natronlauge schwefelsaures Kali oder Natron als Elektrolyt dient, wobei auch das Zink sich fast gar nicht löst und der Elektrolyt klar bleibt. Bei nicht amalgamiertem Zink und dem genannten Elektolyten entsteht aber ein kräftiger konstanter Strom, wobei sich Zinkhydroxyd bildet, welches die Lösung etwas trübt und dann zu Boden sinkt. Dagegen ist es auch bei unamalgamiertem Zink in Gegenwart von Quecksilberoxyd nicht möglich, mit Sulfaten des Magnesiums, Zinks oder Kadmiums einen konstanten Strom von brauchbarer Stärke zuAs tests have shown, elements with amalgamated zinc go with Alkali as an electrolyte work pretty well, when the current draws back steadily, though instead of potash or sodium hydroxide solution, sulfuric acid potash or sodium bicarbonate serves as the electrolyte, whereby also the zinc hardly dissolves at all and the electrolyte remains clear. In the case of non-amalgamated Zinc and the aforementioned electrolyte, however, create a strong constant Current, whereby zinc hydroxide is formed, which clouds the solution somewhat and then closes Soil is sinking. In contrast, it is also with unamalgamated zinc in the presence of mercury oxide not possible with sulphates of magnesium, zinc or cadmium constant current of usable strength
erhalten. Eine Lösung des Zinks oder eine Bildung von Zinkhydroxyd findet dann nicht statt.obtain. There is then no solution of the zinc or the formation of zinc hydroxide instead of.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE152659C true DE152659C (en) |
Family
ID=419366
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT152659D Active DE152659C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE152659C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE967708C (en) * | 1945-07-10 | 1957-12-05 | Mallory Batteries Ltd | Alkaline dry element |
-
0
- DE DENDAT152659D patent/DE152659C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE967708C (en) * | 1945-07-10 | 1957-12-05 | Mallory Batteries Ltd | Alkaline dry element |
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