DE1517284A1 - Tobacco smoke filter material - Google Patents

Description

DR. GERHARD RATZEL 1517284 osmannheim, Sept. 23, 1965 PATENT Attorney Seckenheimer Str. 36α. Telephone 46315

Postal checking account! Frankfurt / M. No. 8293 BaKk ₁ Dt utidiBank Mannheim No. 35695

GEKERAI ANIIIBE & PIIM COBFORAIIOIi 140 West 51st Street HEW YORK, N.Y./USA.

Tobacco smoke? Ilts material

The present invention relates to new, advanced Tobacco smoke filter material.

After it was found that certain residues of the Burning tobacco causes physiological damage to the human body and, for example, can lead to childhood cancer or to be held responsible for him became numerous Attempts have been made to make the formation of such residues already impossible during the ■ processing of tobacco or to make them impossible to be eliminated during the tobacco burning process. The latter path has probably received the greater attention, since it is more economical and easier to carry out than the first-mentioned procedure. The general public is also likely much more with the end product of the last-mentioned method of treatment under the well-known name "Filter cigarettes" familiar.

The term "filter cigarette" generally describes such Cigarette products which have a filtering material at one end which contains an adsorbent that can be used is to adsorb tar substances and irritants, whereby when smoking the smoke before inhalation by the smoker is pulled through the filter.

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The PiIter should of course essentially It should not negatively affect the enjoyable process of smoking from the standpoint of taste, it should also From a physical point of view, the passage of air through the filter with simultaneous removal tar and irritants are not disturbed by tobacco smoke.

In accordance with the present invention, an improved filter media for filter cigarettes is provided which is capable is to adsorb tar and irritants, but the passage of air through the filter is not skirt and essentially does not mean any reduction in the taste of the raw material for the smoker.

According to the present invention, the filter medium or the filter made of an essentially insoluble polymer of U-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone or of another N-vinyl lactam.

As used herein, "insoluble polymers of the N-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone "is intended to denote products which are welded are soluble in water, strong mineral acids, alkalis and the common organic solvents in contrast to such products made of soluble polymeric materials based on N-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone, which are the state of the Technology are known and can be manufactured, for example, according to U.S. Patents 2,265,450 and 2,335,454. The production of insoluble polymer »the II-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone is in U.S. Patent 2,938,017 issued May 24, 1960 was described.

It was surprisingly found that the insoluble Polymers of ET-Vinyllao camouflage are exceptionally useful as filters for cigarettes, pipes or cigars for removal of tar and resinous bodies

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Tobacco smoke.

The insoluble polymer of N-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone is particularly suitable for this purpose.

The accompanying drawings show various preferred embodiments of such filter elements. Figures 1 and represent cigarettes with a filter mouthpiece. Figure 3 shows a cigarette holder (so-called cigarette holder) or a cigar holder and Figure 4 a pipe with a filter.

As shown in Figure 1, the cigarette provided with the reference number with a cylindrical filter element made of < be permitted -which has a cylindrical wall 2, this being filled with particles of insoluble polymers of H-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidones 3; the conclusion 4 of the Filters to the mouth side of the smoker can for example made of cotton or some other packing made of fiber material exist.

Another embodiment of a cigarette is shown in Figure 2 shown, with 11 the cigarette itself and 12 with a cylindrical filter element is designated, which from a cylindrical wall with a filling of cotton fibers 13 'made of cellulose acetate fibers' or other fibrous material mixed with particles of insoluble polymers of H-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidones 14 .

It is also possible to use filter elements that can be used separately, in particular when using one Cigarette holder or a cigar holder. As shown in Figure 3, a cigarette or a cigar 21 in one. be held hollow holder 22 made of metal or plastic,

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with a tube made of paper in the middle of its opening, Plastic or metal 23 is arranged with particles 24 of insoluble polymers of N-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone is filled, welohes duroh the two closing elements 25, which are made of cotton or another suitable Fiber material exist, are prevented from falling out.

Such separately usable pieters can also be used in pipes if they have an enlarged chamber at the end of the pipe stem 31 in which the removable cylindrical element 32 made of paper, metal foil or plastic, covered with particles 33 made of insoluble polymers of N-vinyl-alpha -pyrrolidone is filled, takes place, as described in Figure 4; Here too, closing elements 35 made of suitable fiber material are provided, which hold the filling in place.

The N-viny 1-lactams whose insoluble polymers serve as filter medium according to the present invention correspond to the following general formula

RJ <RCR)

N C * 0

CH - CH ₂

in which R ₁ and R _{2 are} hydrogen, an alkyl or aryl group and η and n ^ are a number from 0 to 5, but only symbolizing either η or n- ^ 0; Y means -0-, -S-, SO ₉ -, - N- or R ₀

R ₁ C

• I

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Preferred N-Vinyllaotarne to be used are those of the formula

(OHH),

- CH

(CHR) _n ϊ C

CH »CH ₂

in which JEt, hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1 biq 4 carbon atoms and η is a number from 2 to 4.

Other lactams can easily be vinylated according to regulations of Uü patent 2,317,084, their insoluble Polymers according to the teachings of the present invention are useful.

As examples of N-vinyl lactams, their insoluble polymers Applicable to the present invention are the N-vinyl substituted derivatives of the following lactams called:

N-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone, 3,3-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 4,4, dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 3,3-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 3-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 3,5 Dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 3-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 4-acryl-2-pyrrolidone, 5-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 3-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 4-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 5-methyl -2-pyrrolidone, 3, 3,5-i-trimethyl-2-pyrrolidone; 2-piperidone, 5,5-diethyl-2-piperidone, 5 | 6-dimethyl-2-piperidone _f 4-ethyl-2-piperidone, 6-ethyl-2-piperidone, 6-ethyl-3-methyl-2- piperidone, 3-methyl-2-piperidone, 4-methyl-2-piperidone, 5-methyl-2-piperidone, 6-methyl-2-piperidone, 2-caprolaotam, 3r6-dimethyl-2-oapro-

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lactam, 4,6-dimethyl-2-caprolactam _f 4,7-dimethyl-2-caprolactam, 7,7-diethyl-2-caprolactan, S-ethyl ^ -caprolaotam, S-ethyl ^ -caprolactara, 6- Ethyl-2-caprolactaa, 7-ethyl-2-caprolactam, 4-ethyl-6-methyl-2-caprolactam, 6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oaprolactam, 3-methyl-2-caprolactam, 4- Methyl-2-caprolactam, 5-methyl-2-caprolaota », 6-methyl-2-caprolaotam; 2-oxyzinidinone, S-ethyl ^ -oxazinidinone, 5-phenyl-2-oxazinidinone, 4,5-dimethyl-2- oxazinldinone, 5,5-2} ynethyl-2-oxazinidinone, 2,5-diphenyl-2-oxazinidinone, 2-phenyl-4-oxothiazolidine, 2,2 »-diphenyl-4-oxothiazolidone, 2,2 * -dimethyl- 4-oxothiazolidon; 2-oxazolidinone, 5-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, 4-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, 5-ethyl-2-oxazolidinone, 4,5-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone, 2-phenyl-2- oxazolidinone, 5-butyl-2-oxazolidiuon, 5-propyl-2-oxazolidinone, 4,5-diethyl-2-oxaolidinone; 5-ethyl-3-niorpholinone, 5-ethyl-3-morpholinone, 3,5-I) imethyl-3-morpholinone and its 2-alkyl and 6-alkyl derivatives; 2-piperazinone; 3,3-dimethyl-2-ketopipea »zln, 3-methyl-2-ketopiperazine; 4-thiazolidone; 2-methyl-4-thiazolidinone; 2-I>henyl-4-thiazolidinone; 2-phenyl-4-thiazolidinone dioxide; 2-thiazolidone; 3-thiaraorpholinone; 2-iyrimidone; 2-imidazolidones; ϊ, Ιί-Xethylene thioureas tetrahydro-2H, (l, 3) -oxazin-3-ones.

They are insoluble polymers of the aforementioned F-Vinyllaotarns can be easily produced by the fact that the latter is in the presence of small amounts of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or an oxide, hydroxide or alkoxide of these metals heated.

These polymers can also be made using the Hydrides and borohydrides of the alkali metals are produced. Usable alkali metal hydrides and boron hydrides, which Thoroughly examined and found to be effective are sodium borohydride, xaluminum borohydride, and sodium hydride. Other Alkali metal hydrides and borohydrides, which can also be used, are lithium hydride, lithium boarhydride, metal hydride,

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Cesium borohydride, rubidium hydride and rubidium borohydride. Possibly Mixtures of alkali metal hydrides and / or alkali metal borohydrides can also be used as catalysts for the The aforementioned polymerization can be used.

It is also in place of using the insoluble polymers of K-vinyllactane in the filter part of a cigarette, cigar or whistle also possible that Laotians directly to the tobacco leaf at every stage of its treatment, including before or after it has been ground or cut.

The following examples serve as a further explanation of the subject matter of the invention.

Example It

One and a half lengths of a glass tube with a diameter of 10 millimeters were powdered at a height of 1.25 cm Cellulose acetate, a cellular filter material of the prior art, loosely packed. To the material in the tube to hold were small adsorbent occlusion plugs made of cotton. Then a cigarette (Harke Phillip Morris) got as complete as possible smoked through the filter. The filter material, cellulose acetate, was then taken out and mixed in with Ethanol and ethylene dichloride dissolved in a ratio of 1: 4. The resulting solution was measured for light absorption at 400 millimicrons in a Hardy spectrophotometer Absorption strengths are a measure of the effectiveness of the filter material in relation to that in tobacco smoke trapped tar and other irritants. There were also the so-called free tensile properties of the filter with regard to the life of the cigarette.

9 0 9 8 3 7/0523 ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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Example 2:

The same procedure was used as in Example 1, except that this time a water-soluble one Polyvinylpyrrolidone with a Pikentisch "K" value of 30 and a particle size of 100 to 200 mesh (according to Tyler sieve table) was used as filter material.

Example 3?

The same procedure was used as in Example 1, except that a mixture of the filter materials of Examples 1 and 2 in a ratio of 50:50 was used to manufacture the filter.

Example 4:

The same procedure was carried out as in Example 1, except that this time an insoluble one Polymer of ϊί-vinyl porrolidon with a particle size of up to 200 meshes (according to the Tyler sieve table) which has been produced according to the specification of the USA patent 2 938 OI7 was when the filter material was used.

The test results obtained are summarized in the following table.

TABLE I. Example absorption at 400 m / ^ remarks

1 0.83 free-pulling filter

2 0.38 filter inhibits after some

Trains

3 0.58 filter inhibits after some

Trains

4 0.96 Free-pulling filter The absorption data just given were based on solutions

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the same levels of pest bodies were determined. Also the Piltergewicht • ¹ was about each time the same size.

The above data clearly show that the use of insoluble polymers of If-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone as Filter material for tobacco smoke brings a port step, since during the entire life of the cigarette when smoking a free goal is possible and at the same time much more irritating tar substances are trapped from the tobacco smoke than this can be done by means of the cigarette pilter materials of the booth technology is possible.

Example 5:

Equal parts by weight of cellulose acetate fibers and powdered insoluble polymers of M-vinyl-pyrrolidone in one partite oil size from 100 to 200 meshes (according to Tyler's table) those made according to Example 1 of U.S. Patent 2,938,017 had been, became vertebrae from several hours of confusion intimately mixed with one another in a half-filled shaker. This material was then placed in a cigarette making machine brought into the shape and size of cigarettes and then into small wads of 1.5 cm cut. These pilter plugs were attached to the ends from normal Uicht Pilter cigarettes attached by one Wrapped a pressure-sensitive tape around the cigarette and! droplets. Similar piltering droplets were made from the same ones Cellulose acetate fibers produced, which had no admixture of insoluble polymers of U-vinyl-pyrrolidone. These plugs were attached to the same type of cigarette as filters in the same manner. There were then both cigarettes smoked up to a distance of 0.62 cm before the start of pilter and found that the smoke was the Cigarettes that had a filter that contained insoluble polymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidone were much milder,

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than the belly of the cigarette, which is merely a cellulose acetate -Filter owned.

Example 6;

In a manner similar to that described in Example 5, equal amounts by weight of cigarette tobacco and powdered tobacco were made (100 to 200 meshes according to Tyler sieve table) insoluble polymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidone, which according to Example 1 of the UäA-Patents 2,938 OI7 had been produced with each other mixed and formed into filter plugs which are attached to non-filter cigarettes by external wrapping with pressure sensitive adhesive tape were attached. Similar plug heads were also made from the same cigarette tobacco and attached to similar cigarettes. Both types of cigarettes were smoked and found that the smoke was the Cigarettes, which had the filter with insoluble polymers of If-vinyl-pyrrolidone, was much milder than that the other cigarettes.

The amount of insoluble polymers of N-vinyl lactams that is used to bring about the desired reduction in the irritant properties of tobacco or smoke be as minimal as possible in order to keep the costs for the insoluble polymers as low as possible. These amounts can vary in the different types of tobacco and also depend on the manner in which the insoluble polymers are used be incorporated into the tobacco. The optimal amount can easily be determined in each case by tests.

/ Patent claims; 909837/0523

Claims (1)

Patent claims 1t 1.) Tobacco smoke pilter material for cigarettes, and cigars Whistle, characterized in that it consists of an insoluble polymer a compound of the formula (R ₂ -OR ₁ ) n C = O CH = CH, consists, in which R- and Rg hydrogen, the alkyl or aryl group and η and n ^ mean a value from 0 to 5, where in each case only either η or n ^ 0 and also Y -0-, -S-, SO ₂ Represents -, -KR ₁ or R ₂ -CR ₁ -. Tobacco smoke filter material according to spoke 1, characterized in that that the polymer is an insoluble polymer of N-vinyl-alpha-pyrrolidone *. 909837/0523 Blank page