DE1510962A1 - Asbestos filament yarn and the process and equipment for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Dlpl.-Ιηα- Kurt Lehgner Patent attorney

Hamburg S6, March 8, 1965

Jordnnetraße 7

Tel. Ze 71 2O

Teleor. Addr. ί Qermenpat Homburg

Dy »T'-r-Mei | l €

/ Urfce: 1003/12

Turner Brothers Asbestos Company Limited Asbestos House, 77/79 Fountain Street Manchester 2, England

Asbestos filament yarn and process and facility for its manufacture.

Yarns made from asbestos fibers are generally not very strong. So-called core spinning can be used to produce stronger yarns. In this core spinning, a single core is used, which consists of an endless, very strong thread, for example a metal wire, cotton thread or a synthetic thread. This thread is spun with so that a strong, central core arises to € && ■ to an existing staple fiber yarn is wound, which creates the finished yarn. In the case of such reinforced yarns, however, the staple fibers tend to peel off, ie the staple fiber layer shifts on the core, so that the yarn becomes non-uniform in its longitudinal direction. The connection between the outer fiber layer can even be loosened, so that the core is exposed.

if two or more such> ⁷ rare pieces made with a single core are joined together, the fiber cover layers of the cores can no longer shift significantly on the cores. The production of such composite yarns is expensive, however, since a special procedural measure, namely the joining of the individual yarns, is required. Everyone

BADOHQInA. ₂ 009828/1356

The thread of the staple fibers is made by carding the rest of the Fibers generated to form a sliver with subsequent spinning. Even if the finished yarn does not show the problem, that the outer fiber layer shifts onto the core, it is very difficult to prevent this shifting, when several yarns are joined together, especially when the core made of smooth material, e.g. glass or metal.

The most varied proposals have been made for producing yarns composed of asbestos and glass; because in many In some cases, the properties of asbestos and glass complement each other. When trying a good thread made from asbestos and glass without joining two such yarns, i. are united, it has been found that it is extremely difficult to relocate or move the avoid outer layers. The same problem arises when the glass is replaced by another smooth, endless thread, e.g. by a metal wire or a thread made of nylon or a. Polyester is replaced. Only after years of trying could this problem will be solved.

The yarns according to the invention consist of slivers ^, from Asbestos staple fibers and smooth, endless threads. Under the name When using glass, "endless thread" means a glass thread of indefinite length, which as a rule, as usual, is multi-thread and usually consists of 204 single threads. In the case of using nylon or polyester is below the term mentioned to understand a thread of indefinite length, which is composed of one or more individual threads and - in contrast to the rough surface, so-called racial yarns ("bulk yarns") - has a smooth surface. When applied to a metal wire, the term "endless thread" is intended to mean one ^ Eh £ r thin wire of e.g. 0.15 mm made of brass, copper, tin or mark stainless steel. All such endless threads are strong and have smooth surfaces, so that the asbestos layer can easily slip over these threads. None of them have their own ability to stretch.

₃ 909828/1 35

Asbestos slivers are produced by carding; they can possibly have a certain twist. As is well known such slivers do not always consist exclusively of asbestos. Rather, they often contain asbestos fibers with artificial silk - or cotton fibers mixed, regardless of the asbestos fiber content predominates in terms of weight.

The essence of the invention is that an asbestos fiber tape is placed between endless threads, with on each side of the Sliver comes to lie at least one such endless thread. The length of each such thread in a given one The yarn section matches the lengths of the other threads Agree. This assembled structure is then twisted.

The invention is particularly suitable for the production of asbestos glass yarns. Usually only two endless glass threads are provided therein.

In the production according to the invention, the assembled structure can be fed to a device through a roller gap in which the twisting takes place. The endless threads of the same length are attached to the nip under tension by a rotatable one Cylinder fed. This can 'for a winder or a winding package of the threads.

Further details and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description of the new yarn and its manufacture and the appropriate facility. Show it"

Figure 1 schematically shows the cross section through two endless Glass thread and an asbestos fiber tape;

FIG. 2 shows a cross section through these yarn components after they have been twisted together to form a yarn

Figure 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the device for making the yarn;

FIG. 4 shows a part of the device on a larger scale according to figure 3 »

FIG. 5: a section along the line V - V in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 shows a section along the line VI - VI in FIG. 4;

_BA D ORIGINAL - ₄ - 909828/1356

FIG. 7 shows a modification of the guide device;

FIG. 3 shows the manufacture of a winding bobbin from the endless glass thread;

Figure 9 shows a modification of the device in which

the thread lap produced according to FIG. 8 is used;

Figure 10 shows another embodiment of the device for Manufacture of the yarn;

FIG. 11 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 1 through a yarn arrangement with three endless threads and a sliver; and

a similar cut with three endless threads and two slivers of fiber.

The simplest form of yarn according to the invention consists of two endless glass threads 1, 1, between which an asbestos fiber tape 2 is, as is shown schematically in FIG. This structure is then made by twisting in the manner shown schematically in FIG illustrated cross-section transferred. The sliver 2 is processed in the flat form illustrated in FIG.

As FIG. 3 shows, the two threads 1, which are wound in bobbin form 3 on bobbin tubes 4, are removed from the bobbins at their ends withdrawn, passed through guides 5 and guided over fixed rods 6, so that their further movement a certain Resistance is opposed. The two threads are then passed over a YTickelvorrichtung 7, which consists of a TaiHF pollen 8 and 9 and generally known in textile technology is. Each thread is looped two or more times around both hollows, so often that each slip of the thread on the Roller surface is avoided. In general, 3 or 4 turns of the glass threads around the rollers are sufficient for this purpose. With everyone One revolution of the roller 9, a thread length is delivered which is equal to the circumference of the roller 9. In the illustrated device 7 both rollers are freely rotatable.

The threads 1 and I ¹ are then passed through a guide 10 which is firmly held in a clamping device 10. The leadership has

909828/1356

ORiGlMAL BATHROOM

U-shaped eyelets 12, 13 and 14 arranged one above the other. The threads

1 and I ¹ run through the top and bottom eyelets 12, 14-. The asbestos fiber tape 2 is unwound from a flanged spool which is guided in vertical (not shown) guides

. rests and is in contact with a drivable drum 16, so that the sliver with one of the peripheral speed of the drum 16 corresponding speed is handled. The sliver

2 runs through the middle eyelet 13 of the guide 10. In this way it is achieved that the threads leaving the guide 10 and the sliver are in the correct position to one another in order to achieve the values shown in FIG. 1 to form illustrated starting form.

From the guide 10, the threads and the sliver pass to the gap between 2 rollers 17 and 18; on their way they will shortly before reaching the gap passed through a guide 19 which is held by the same clamp 11 as the guide 10. This guide 19 and its position in relation to the rollers 17 and 18 are essential for achieving good results. When passing through between the rollers 17 and 18 there is a high risk that a thread around the end of the asbestos fiber tape around the same side of this ribbon comes in as the other thread. It can also happen that the sliver is pushed away to the side and is then no longer in contact with both threads. In order to avoid this evil it must be ensured that that none of the. Threads on its V / ege from the winding device to the cones 17 and 18 comes out of its path. Both threads must are always live on the whole V / ege. When they enter the gap between the pins 17 and 18, they should be in be directed at a relatively large angle to one another, for example at an angle of 30 °. If you are in this Run parallel to each other for a moment, it has been found that they are pushing the asbestos fiber tape to the side, so that they no longer touch the surface of the asbestos fiber tape in the desired manner. Is the tension of the threads on theirs V / ege from the guide 19 to the gap between the rollers 17 and 18 too low, the asbestos fiber tape has the tendency to Pushing the threads to the side. Also in this case is

original _ ₆ _ 909828/1356

. does not guarantee that the threads with the surface of the asbestos tape come into contact. During this stage of the process, the asbestos fiber tape needs only very little To be under tension, e.g. a maximum tension of, IO g. However, each glass thread must be under a much greater tension, e.g. a tension of 100 g. That is why it is It is very important that the friction device formed from the rods 6 is present. .

The guide 19 has 3 V-shaped eyelets 20, 21 and 22. The thread 1 is passed through the eyelet 20, the asbestos fiber tape through the eyelet 21 and the thread I ¹ through the eyelet 22, a change of direction taking place at the same time. This change of direction can be clearly seen in FIG. 4 ″, which also shows how the two threads 1 and 1 ″ are fed to the roll at an angle of approximately 30 ° to one another.

From the gap between the rollers 17 and 18, the common structure then passes to a twisting device 23, as is usual Type, which is illustrated in Figure 3 and is used to dafi to twist structures consisting of wire and sliver and wind them up on a spool 24. The wing-like twisting device and the bobbin are both driven, the bobbin at a higher speed than the twister.

Since the structure of thread and sliver passes through the gap between the rollers 17 and 18, there is no danger that the twist extends backwards beyond this gap. The rollers can be by any other device that prevents the twisting from working backwards, e.g. with a stick. or the like. About the above-mentioned structure is pulled away under tension.

The rollers 17 and 18 positively promote the structure consisting of threads and sliver to the front. The peripheral speed of the roll 18 is kept as large as that of the drum 16 by coupling its drive shafts, as shown schematically illustrated by the lines 25 and the intermediate gears 26 is. Similarly, as shown schematically by the

909828/1356

_ 7 _ BATH

510962

Lines 27 umj the gear 28 is indicated, the drive of the Twisting device 23 and the bobbin 24 coupled.

In the guide 19, the two threads and the sliver are separated held from each other. However, this is not absolutely necessary} rather a thread and the sliver can be used be passed through the same eyelet. If this happens, this guide can have the shape of a diamond eye illustrated in FIG. 7 29 have. The guide can even be circular, provided that all 3 yarn components are passed through change their direction through the guidance and under tension stand so that each component moves forward in the shortest possible way and as a result it is precisely centered when passing through the guide. This requirement may make it necessary to replace the guide 10 with another one that ensures that the required change of direction of the 3 yarn components takes place when passing through the guide 29.

The winding device 7 can be replaced by a coil or the like. with equal lengths of two threads; because such a bobbin will also give off the same length of thread as it rotates. The production of such a thread spool is illustrated schematically in FIG. Two threads 1 and 1 'are unwound from the front side from supply reels, guided over round rods 6 and passed through a transverse eyelet 30, from which they are wound onto a reel tube 32 on a reel 31. Since the two threads are unwound under essentially the same tension, namely because they are guided around the rods 6, exactly matching thread lengths are wound up to form the bobbin. The completely wound coil 31 is then placed on a spindle 33, as is illustrated in FIG. The execution of the threads of this coil is effected by overcoming the action of a brake 34. The remainder of the device according to Figure 9 is the same as 3 with the device according to FIG Through the use of brake 34 that the threads 1 and I ¹ is ensured, the guide IO are fed under voltage.

Another device with which it is possible to have the same length

-8- 909828/1356

Bringing two threads together with a sliver is a "winding device" in which one roller can be driven while the other boll runs idle. Such a winding device is illustrated at 35 in FIG. 10. The roller 36 is driven and the roller 37 runs idle Such a winding device can be used if the twisting is carried out with a ring spinning device or by means of a wing frame in which one part (the wing or the bobbin) revolves empty Yarns positively. But this is not the only thing that matters, both threads must also be released at a speed that corresponds to the degree of twist desired. The structure consisting of the threads and the asbestos fibers passes from the gap between the two rollers 17 and 18 to a guide eye 38 and from there to a driver 39 of a ring spinning frame through which the twisted structure is wound onto a spindle 40. As indicated schematically in FIG. 10, the driven roller 36 of the winding device 35, the drum 16 and the ring spindle 40 rotate at synchronous speed. "

A bobbin 31, as illustrated in FIG. 9, can also be used for ring spinning; in this case needs however, they are not slowed down. Rather, the threads would then be wound onto a device similar to the one in FIG illustrated drivable wide! device 35 corresponds.

A loosely revolving winding device, as illustrated at 7 in the figure, can also be provided by a revolving tensioning disk be replaced. Such a disc shows in place of the otherwise

such a usual V-shaped courage provided on the circumference, in which the Side walls of the V-shaped notch bear a toothing, the teeth of the two sides being at the level of the V-shaped cross-section intersect, with the result that the threads travel a zigzag path around the circumference of the disc. on

'In this way a slippage of the threads is avoided and at the same time

tig ensures that both threads are moved at the same speed.

Should a particular ug strength be created that no

BATH ORIGINAL

- y -

Has knot formation, each thread should initially have a Have twist which is opposite to that of the final twist in the yarn. So should the final yarn be S-shaped be twisted, the threads 1 and 1 ', if at all, must have a Z-shaped twist.

FIG. 11 illustrates the processing of 3 threads. of which 2 threads .1 ... are in contact with one side of the sliver 2 and the other threads I ¹ with the opposite side of the sliver. The advantage of this design can be seen in the fact that the desired structure of threads and the sliver lying in between can be produced and properly twisted, even if, despite all the prescribed precautionary measures, the endeavor should somehow exist that the threads shift sideways relative to the sliver .

An even stronger yarn can be produced by so-called multiple spinning of three threads 1, I ¹ and 1 as well as two fiber webs 2 and 2 ¹ , which are arranged one above the other in the manner illustrated ^{in the 3} I ^{1 IgUr 12.}

Another form of modification is to make the individual endless To replace threads with more than one thread, the individual threads always running parallel and side by side and always have exactly the same length.

For some purposes, a thread is required that is wrapped around the outside with a metal wire in a helical manner. Such a wire can be fed to the twisting device together with the other constituents of the yarn. Although this is also a smooth, endless thread, it does not need to be processed in the lengths that are required for the endless threads which, together with the asbestos fiber tape, form the structure described according to the invention .

Yarns made according to the invention are around a Much stronger than a corresponding asbestos thread without endless threads. The yarns according to the invention have on their whole Length has the same strength as the usual asbestos thread

BATH ORIGINAL

"'9098 28/1356

has very different strength properties. Actually corresponds the strength of a yarn according to the invention essentially that of the endless threads; because these threads all have the same length, they will all equally absorb any tensile stress that comes into play. Would the If threads are not of the same length, one thread would be more heavily loaded than the other and would therefore break first.

The ratio of the weight of γόη- asbestos to glass can vary widely, depending on the type of product desired. If, for example, it is a question of producing a high-strength yarn that is to be bonded to a plastic, it is important that the asbestos give the yarn a rough outer surface in order to ensure good adhesion between the yarn and the plastic; in this way the mechanical properties of the finished product, for example also the impact resistance, can be increased. On the other hand, in relation to asbestos, a lower proportion of glass can be used to reinforce the otherwise weak yarn. It has been found that at a weight proportion of the glass filaments of 12 i> zusampen with the asbestos fiber band, the strength of the yarn produced according to the invention is about three times as large as that of a simple asbestos yarn.

Patent claims:

BATH ORIGINAL

909828/1356

Claims (1)

Claims t 1 «) Aue one with an endless jade eueam crowd Asbestos fiber tape existing yarn, daduroh g β k do «β is worthwhile, because the Oarn from a tape τοη asbestos pile fibers geiwlrnt 1st, on both of which seldom see at least a smooth, endless thread is located in the twisted Yarn forms a helical turn on the sugary surface of the twisted fiber tape, where the the length of the single threads in a certain thread area is the same. 2,) yarn according to claim 1 daduroh characterized in that su an endless one on both sides of the asbestos fiber tape glass thread is provided. 5.) Process for producing a yarn according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that on both Each side of a band of staple fiber at least one endless load, e.g. glass thread, is applied, the threads in a certain section of the tape have the same lengths and the structure prepared in this way is then twisted. 4.) The method according to claim 3, characterized in that dai the structure consisting of ribbon and threads through a Walsenepalt of a twisting device and the laleenspmlt threads of the same length unwound under tension from a rotatable cylinder are fed. 5.) The method according to claim 4 daduroh characterized, dal the rotatable cylinder is part of a winding device. - 12 -BAD ORIGINAL 909828/1356 <J «r 'V:; -,! I; * 3ar« Cylinder wound from a coil ) Ttrf iirea imcli claim 3, characterized in that the correct position of the threads and the "Aebestfaeerbandee" is guaranteed by the fact that ei "under about a V-shaped body. KrUoatt guide are guided in such a way that there is a change in their direction of movement. Dipl.-Ing. KURT LENGNER 909828/1356 _BAD ORIGINAL