DE1476614A1 - Method and device for reducing the combustible substances in the combustion products of internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Texaco Development Corporation, Hew York, New York, Y.s.l.

i.Device for verifying the combustible Substances ia öau Verbreunfesproaukten from brake engine

The invention relates generally to BrennferaftiLaachineci utd relates in particular to a procedure and the like a Voj'j'ichtung to reduce the combustibles in Ver-oreoiunbaproaüicfeen of internal combustion engines, in particular under low stress conditions, for the purpose that To upgrade these Bretinkraftmaachinen.

Fuel machines are generally operated with power, which are richer than stoichiometric mixtures, so that considerable amounts of combustible substances remain in the exhaust gases, which consist of carbon oxide, hydrogen and coal known that Susata showered with air, a fuel-air ratio can be created for these exhaust gases & the exhaust gas "the mln <Je" t "] Q * chiojetrical and preferably something lean is ·

· 0 ·· β »/ ίβ **

Devices must be available for this purpose Implementation of the flammable substances in the exhaust with the? Preventive air to the soda products waäaer and carbon dioxide favor "

The introduction of XiUf t as oxidationa means the exhaust pipe raw * from Bren'nkseftmafechineii purposes and in the exhaust gasses contain eohietioxydee in eats' Haä # 3? Ei? Tigea Özydntionsmittel is near the beach-side area Valves to ^ at which the "temperature" is so high that a gasified SV? spontaneous combustion takes place. You are aware of devices for mixing and converting additional air with the flammable substances in the exhaust gases in 5'orni of catalytic beactors »

With the invention, a verbeaseste los ricLtu £. £ geachaffer * is to be made, with the a ±% amount of the combustible substances or obstructions present in the exhaust tea of Bren nkxaftms machine largely reduced, if not practical, fully & önuneη suagomerst uird,

Furthermore, a better method for regulating the amount in the exhaust gases? promised usable material · geachaffen

Furthermore, a © "simple, * be? Structure fup ® in the BfeßiilUFsltWiS automatically working Auspoffse ^ iXe & Ieg · füs äie Auepuifproäukte des Brenakreftiseschint created mesüm *

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Other advantages and characteristics result from the description based on the drawings * In the drawings 1st

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the erfindungsgeuäUen System"

Fig. Is ₅ Ib and 1c show different ways of supplying additional air near and downstream of an exhaust opening.

Fig. 1d is a schematic representation of a separate system for supplying additional air, wherein separate air lines emanate from an air distributor »

Fig. 2 shows β in a graphic Bar position the increase in power consumed kuüg & degrees as a result the supply of additional air near an exhaust port uad the increase, the back pressure at Motösleerleuf.

Fig. 2 shows in a graphic representation the advantage of the increased exhaust back pressure it "in favor of the combustion of the exhaust gases.

Fig x 4 "5t 6 and 7 show the advantages of the increased exhaust pressure ratio at the sea Reozentsatsreduktion existing in the exhaust gases' ünverbranatan hydrocarbons at idle, _{acceleration-9} Jahrtüüd braking conditions .. *

Fig. Δ shows a modified implementation of one using a catalyst succeeded in reducing the impurities in the exhaust gases Ton Brennkraft-EB machines

90Ö807 / 0844

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FIG. 6a is a graphical representation of the automatic operation of the IT guide illustrated in FIG .

9 shows in a graphic representation the additional reduction of unchecked Jjohlenweaserstoffen when using 4es In <? ig * 8 darge-B split execution »·

Pig. 10 is "iß fichnitt öurch" in valve, äaa

ψ actuated by the induced draft "is to reduce the exhaust pressure <3ruck

to increase

11 and 11 are a front view and a side view, respectively, of an off-center throttle oil stick used to control exhaust back pressure a canoe "- · '.- " . -

Fig. 12 graphically shows the "Hegel" after it des Siickpressveotilöa, uoä

Fig. 13 is a block diagram of one of the .kcaibinierte Syatee T «2« eGd9tide & Invest.

The Tos part · of the Ir find α ng «·? Β · η grandeätslich achieved that additional air la <Si« Au ^? uff gase ■ ines BrenoJareftmaschin «» tease further üaieetiuog ml * the roasted Yerbrenauagaprodoit «! ieeeiüfeft * i «d aod d« £ <let Uaaetzu & g of the air and äff la 6 «b exhaust gases Torh« a5entn remaining ÄftnflUoffe dicok l * hi) hurie

BAD OFHQ'NAt

" ⁵ ^ U76614

dee Auepuffrüekd back favored or promoted mis ά. Another additional conversion is obtained by using a catalytic converter and an exhaust afterburning large structural contents or large volumes.

line driven by the internal combustion engine pump conveys the additional air to the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. The additional air and oil exhaust gases are fed to a Kaaaer, in which the mixing and burning takes place. In a non-catalytic combustion system of a known type, such a collector is known as an afterburner with a direct flame, with ignition being carried out by an ignition device β, · £, by an incandescent body or a spark plug. In certain cases it may be necessary to introduce an "additional fuel-air gas system in order to maintain a minimum temperature of the afterburner" so that the desired combustion of the oxy'da and the hydrocarbons in the engine buffer takes place added fuel for die'Betriebsausgaben to afterburner.

Mark catalytic mixing chambers or beaktors calibrated in that (·) a catalyst on a ceramic or refractory9 base made of Pieces of balls, grains, or porous material, is applied, and dafi (b) di · A ^ uffgaae and the additional full excavation dtr Terbrennuog takes place in Kuattein the one filled with dt »ietiljaator

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be introduced so that the gases and the additional air mix and react as they flow over and through the catalyst bed. Bio main advantages of this catalytically s! Reactor over the Hachbranner with Direct .ΒΊβιαωβ are lower implementation at empörst Tuen (JOO "to 537 ⁰ O over? 6 NC ° C and höhar) and $ m Wegfell the specific fuel consumption. Binige disadvantages are that the catalytic ^ Beaktor very good ds uud Us κι ?. 22 kg ceramic, with the catalyst impregnated tea material contains, ao that with such a large heat mass & a relatively long start-up time (up to Su 15 Mimitau) is necessary / around the "Eat # lyeato2f ? his Beti "to esuäsraen iebst6mpe ^ ature Some catalyst" n sied 'Although resistant to BleikimnJsheit, but are easily broken and "grounded by equilateral occurring fern * -?" ütö ^ e and Kechäüiöohe shocks during starting and stopping of the vehicle also _f " through the fluctuating loads la Kraft £ 8h ££ @ ugb @ drieb and distant through the pill reading en Oassstros and the a υ £ wsoämiBChm V @ ge b

The beldl uü »i £ ka» ni. Deposits from around ducts cover you with the catalyst iai <3 untrustworthy "a in this way its Wlukuhg.

Flg. 1 inclines a dia new Torrichtuog engine system with a · _{Brennkraftmesöhia «10 t} exhaust system with einöi Äuspuffsaainsilr.ohx I1 _t das sii. akihel! damper odet ni & em * 4uapu £ fiopf uu3 / oä «^« int »

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catalytic actuator 12 leads to the valve 13 shown schematically for sailing the exhaust back pressure is arranged downstream of the exhaust pot and the catalytic actuator. The installation site of this valve is based on the structure of the engine, so that the visible fire in the exhaust is ε ge vollkcamari «line of engine gearbox» air pump 14 · l $ * 6ea * Susatzluft aoi exhaust system, ata z * ar in dβ # " ^: 'Ια fig. 1a deigeetellen W« ia # via the inlet pipe 14 *. If the conveying system is adequate, a turbine blower can also be used to generate the additional air. , system near the exhaust opening siod in FIGS. 1b and 1q

shown. * V; '' '-' '■' *

The additional air is routed in a known manner in the 3 aiie of the Abstioaflach9 of the exhaust valve6a 15 tfi $ * 1), which closes the exhaust opening ^ 15 'i * iyliaSerltopf "16" it * T Breankreftnaeöaine, the "1α§ή 2ylind" r 17 and eiüea ie 'cylinder sliding piston 1. Ba $ ea linlaSeoar 14 ^f das Auepuf f aammelroliB 11 4urehwt »1; _# ' tT follows« in «Torermäxmung ö« r ZueatEluft * 91 «TiinffTTrr | ft) | iri | Inr Su * atzluft can auoh tdt different · W «ii« «Wolfen, aB * duich Xühl« a share from «ot or», dl «su« iaertibejc.liit »imi ^« igpuBel entapf · - öhendtn Kotortigönsehafteß ianft | »geb« n «ifiillji the air with increased U« i ^ «raii * ·! ■ the

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are fed. Dös Bohr 11 (Fig. 1) comes out of the exhaust eaMielrohr of the "other motor cylinders ei he, '*' z. E. VdI Engines with cylinders arranged in a V-shape, and directs the Auepuffgaae and the additional air. in different TJaetsungsatufen.

When executing according to * ig. 1b becomes the Additional air over in the cylinder head 16 close to an exhaust opening located Durahläse «19 introduced, the so are shaped so that they let the hot air into the very hot Route exhaust gases downstream of the exhaust port.

In Pig. Ic shown modification the la Fig. 1 a "-shown execution penetrates the find the drilling a 14" the exhaust eaiamelrobi 11 and sets up the Additional air to the outlet opening. line such execution _ is suitable for Bihbau in older Fahrseuge, in the Gegenaati to the version according to ¥ igI1, which is not an advantage for new ones Wagon used wiid.

Jig. 1d shows a system shown in block form with a laot or driven η pump, with a motor-driven air distributor and with individual air lines leading to all cylinder openings. The work or tasks of the air pump and the air distributor can, if necessary, be conveniently and practically connected to one another. They requested air pump compressed air to the air distributing *, the fall in the simplest a fixed Lüftnenge exhaust opening in "ine r crank roof" iodo i | _t Celtic aufühjt

which corresponds to the opening time of the exhaust valve. she Feeding can also continue or take place later at all.

At a pressure of 1.4 kg / cm ir4 ^, 6C «er

•. .. · ■■■ - * t ■

The air distributor needs about 6 »5 ecm of additional air feed each exhaust port with each ignition. she Therefore you do not need to see the drainage of the distributor * to be great.

■■■■■■■■ ι

The temperatures fluctuate in the air inlet zone

Doors of the exhaust gases depending on the Llotor ar bolt sverhäl tula aen between 760 ° and 132O ⁰ C, so that in the presence? Ground the combustible substances in the combustion products "spontaneously ignited" from the supply air. It was found that with low and medium-high loading conditions, an additional pressure on the gases in the exhaust system must be exerted to act in order to completely burn the constituents, in addition to the pressure exerted by the usual muffler and / or the catalytic reactor is brought. Pur is usually the Auapuffrückdruok doing through the usual Äuapufftopf at 'empty running linw ir Kuag gtbiecht is, et «· 0.035 kg / ca." De * fückd * ICE eel Betsieb can wide open DroaaeX (about 70% and higher) 'on ^ tfähr 0.7 kg / cm ² · BIE be cause of this 1st as "the Auaptifftopf you *" hströatnd "big," and there Oaavoluaen · Tiigheitaaownt the gas "·

Zto? Achievement of the improved afterburning conditions must generally be the increased back pressure be bigger than the impression caused by the usual Exhaust pot is generated and must be »larger than the 1.5 fiche Outside air pressure to be at least ta na small regulation normdD to achieve a reduction in the cabbage content. Of the little loss of strength, "caused by the increased pressure on the back arises' is more than offset by increasing doa?

* Fuel never spares the use of additional air

at the exhaust opening plus an increased exhaust back pressure arises * Fig. 2 shows an example of the reduction of the fuel consumption a in such use when the engine is idling · Sa some power is lost if There is a slight increase in the exhaust back pressure, however betsaws the profit, i.e. reducing the amount of juice consumed a, about 1? # »When the puff-up is increased by 25 mm of mercury. ~

Certain regulations to reduce air pollution

'Request lacing, defl the Eohlenweaeerat salary

the average Autoeuepuffee by 60% from 1373 • uf £ 75 £ P * CPP · - carbon "off wtseajftt toi lchtn The Millioa • Sill)" al iia M * bX * ütxyt $ tyhalt vep 3 _f · ^ 1.5!

Bekmnt is euoh _t ^<SeS! IÖ oil "hleaoijd mA *" r FIIE "** tof £ IÖ

gieen ffv ^ twöhalich το » im £ && JLe £ toile% e9e * offe & dxydieyt de. Hg. 3 is β in the graphieohe Seratillune, the dl «

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at. uηνθ! burned η carbon deci Exhaust arucii ratio * the absolute /. Ausjraf frackdrucitea in relation to the outside air pressure 2tends ^ and a 2 at Hend? -Exhaust pr ο be, Um dea geaetztichan Voracbjiffcan zur 7efriagerung d # j Kohleanaaäarscht off pollution UK SO Jt * u suffice, miscte found that the exhaust pressure ratio was about 1.1 except that-the animal pouring back pressure is about 1/8 g * ößar i

aeia solltd ale dei? Outside air pressure. The reduction in frozen food is directed towards the uusp3 "inaccessible" sound of the YeKsclimutsaiägteilchön in the exhaust gasea, which depends on the fuel? I "iift-Gamiach, 00 that z.3. for an ilotor with a lean geology, only a reduction of ^ 0 to 40 % is necessary. One only has to meet the legally prescribed minimum amount of 275 PP ^a at Kohieawasa «- atoff, then approved elQ exhaust back pressure ratio of 1.05. '" -.

You fig; 4, 5, 6 and 7 show the effect of an increased exhaust back pressure for generating the top brake, whereby the percentage reduction in emissions of burned hydrocarbons in relation to the exhaust back pressure is recorded. Las Yerhaltenaii · des tateuellan 2aaftatoff ^ Iiaft-Gemiia & ee sa 4 me tr lachen Kreftstbff-Luft-Geräifch iet fiö all with Gemma for idling, beach acceleration · », 7« h ¥ t » WaA Bremaverhaen denoted. The value or the

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This changes from about 0.35 to a ** a 1.25 »Be Suaata * oö * I» uf * e * follows constantly and d & fcuffc isifd the exhaust system urrter einoßi ao Lohen 2s? uGk * sug8fiihft _t that a free one Flow a93? I * aft through the Ailijg · h4 »düfoJa, tit» sa g? OSe amount of additional air amkt the 2 «ßpe rat us in the Asaspuffaalage, ac that the extent of the * tusÄtaliühwa Vtrbreaaftog afcaimafc uod the fösdaikoatea # | fe5ht» iidici · emergency · Kanti die additional air aucE voiemäffmt '* eröeti. P .7Ig. 4 shows the influence of ineβ tfaasachusees

Additional air. With Sue at 2 νοώ 94 % Jaeattliift and with a "Gamaa ratio of O" 96 had to (Sas autpiiffdruck ratio from I ₁ IO to 1.40 etfköht; "" d "," h "~" iü · Yerf ingerung Äirdsaloii en unveibracQtiti Se ^ ta ^ viia «» itofitQ noticeable at every higher pressureTwkäitöi · gatiii ^ t »dl * litage Zusatr-luft, un an offer * r laiitioa to branaton Xohlenwteaeratofftn zn * ili» l «n» B * l addition

* * ■

73 % additional air από a Gemma ~ V * rhaltai4 ° of 1.06 shows the '?? oZiOtverfiflgarung eiöt A ^ ftÜittli £ · 4 «a» likitmatt Auapüffdruckversicherung exceeded «* t *, 4aa Qicht meto ils 1» 2 $ betiagen aoll ·

fig * ^ shows the favorable «. iicflü * gust while des Beaohieünigeaa, if the Zueatilufteeüfθ with «iü · * ■ Increase aea exhaust dvu-bkv · «hai taust · eAöht wisd. aichdas danuai-Vei ^ eldiiifi <3 «WeJ *! IM,« iiai ϋοβ

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6 z $ tai eii »Uoitehru.ife the Siof lüaee dtm, $$$ * %% To fä% $ 3 $ * $ $ air. Me

can you see that the günatigate Uenga der 2 $ $ ϊ * $ ν $ & uad dah> a Hrhöhuog die TempejJäiju? Let the exhaust line eeeikt and a "wide" i6 "h" is3 "V * rbi" üüttiig hemet.

flg »6 shows tiD« «inaige Wivku & gaka ^ Ye b« ia BscmaeD, «oi> ei dit erö ^ f Yeriiögeiüag des laiseioa en un ve rl)? a uten coal wussieretoffea is then available, * enn the pressure ratio is approximately 1 ^ 075, ieesleui- ucd f

Bremaverbehaltaieae boiled critically, never this through the in the ». 4 and 7 curves shown are shown iat «

Set content of in the. Exhaust gases vorhandeaan connections can to meet m & i satisfactory eiitfexot by the authorities provided wrote eden Mindeßtforöerungen, dooh it is possible to b & Lich _(the content æœ Liuva: burned Eohlenwaaee st open by the use of a lying in or near the Aupufftopf catalyst to * vorstärkten afterburning yet * βiter to lower. Jin der- ^; This type of catalyst not only reduces the hydrogen content, but also regulates the amount of the other gas, Zr. B. the nitrogen oxides that are present in the exhaust system vothaadenen Achädiichen Abgaeen. As soon as the additional air near the exhaust openings is introduced into the exhaust system and is then discharged, it tends to do? in the exhaust system, from there * the dimensions of the i & dem

voilaender-ön catalyst veirifcgert w # 3? dea came: · Because of the increased sömparatur of the A ^ puffgaee wi ^ a you the ba la at UDg in the beactor. Sieaa Baigeb & isse mi & m old of the Vo ?? - diruuig shown in fig * 3 sohefflätiech reached, at which the Ao8puffückd? Uck held the © rf2 «3 height * U <J _f üa daa Nachbreciaen asu begiicatigecu this caution has been Vmtil 20, (Jas sails the Xteuek of the exhaust gases, which bundles the .kstelytiecheu muffler 21 durcisatrSmeßj deir nlt <5 «e iuspuffeanttielrobr 21 _? Ua <i has f & smv eia Veatil 22, the eloh opens, wear, QQV pressure drop? At the Kstalyeatoi £ 3 the same shower is the? Eat Ü 20 held upright Bjuck, and it also opens when the temperature in the Satelysetor exceeds about 8? 0 ° 0. ©,. In ri @ i & e arranged uud / odeiiü other? Way aua ^ esain, to α he same AsbeiteD as the Veatile 20 Zc. & Uä supply er *. On ciiaes quietly the V amend u ^^ θ ~ duration of the Katalyautcis demands ψ & τά & ι, uod it becomes a aar teuesetea bastion parts of the Ischbrenravorricbfeung protected fig. Ba seigfe @ iis @ isephieche DarettlluiD ^ See

Work as shown in fig * 8 stalls it »Whereby the Auöpuffdiucjtbedingungen gftgea« you

de? g. represents: is " catalytic silencer or £ 1 is with dom iüapoffeemm ^ lsohs 11 BÖgXic ^ at stilt

$ ϋϋ§ * / §144 ■ BADOWNAL

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lu * pufi opening connected, on the high door a door de * AU puff gases Iu of this zone for better catalytic purposes ** Dictionary auituautaen. The ketelytlache exhaust pot 21 came executed so that the XetalyaatoS spawns for as Muffler is used, but also the eyelet at rom offers a sufficiently large resistance, ao that the exhaust backdirttek, increased «ted u * # another type of fuel pressure valve 20 esfof * / who] is me or the valve 33 is omitted at all «e? de &

know what depends on the engine conditions. You choice can

also be made so that the circumvention £ asfcroni "or ~ '~"

In addition to the flow of exhaust gases when the valve 22 is open, the reverse is true bonded catalyst flows through, ao that the catalyst £ ü » faster if ALaprechec is held poorly, the valve will fall 22 is eechloeeen and a Svoaaeln of the üagehungsatromea or a detachment of the bypass & ongsstromea takes place.

The fig * 9, not described in detail, shows a typical one additional reduction in emissions to unverbranatec Hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas at Tahv ratio ·;

Valves which the ^ important buck pressure ratio in the exhaust system, are in the? ig «10« 11a and * 11b shown. These valves have the in? Ig.12 depicted are subject to liability.

Fig. 10 shows aohematiach a valve on daa Vacuu present in the ineaugaeuia line responds · At idle and at light £ * laatütigsvarh & l% oiea * ri,

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where the exhaust pressure is usually pretty is low and the Ali suction vacuum is high, oh read that Valve partially the exhaust passage to the exhaust pressure to increase to a desired value »If by far open throttle and exhaust back pressure increased and that A & eaug vacuum has fallen, the bending spring opens one Slide, so that an unhindered! Passage of the exhaust gases to the exhaust pot and lafdlgedeasen a normal one Äuapuffrüukdruck is available «Bei? From ρ uff pot 30 (Iig.10) iat by a slide 31, which has an opening 31 ·, partially closed. The slide is arranged in the holder 32 and iat dusch a rod connected to tinea guide piston 33, which is in'der vacuum chamber * 3 *, with is connected to the ana-suction vacuum. Bine in the vacuum chamber 33 arranged Sückfuhr spring 35 is in its position ν oh the yen ti! piston 33 held «It works the spring Forces that are exerted on the suction vacuum The size of the Takuumkolbenst 61t Kfaft of the ÄüßkÄihrfeder and the profile of the slider opening beatimasn that of this device achieved back pressure.

Di * Pig «11a and 11b t el gen« In by $$ wjjc.htea uod / or a JDauardrehiaoiient el · convincingly defedern regulated Hückdruokventil, which in reality is a "la" xatEitrlach arranged Sseaaelventil. The exhaust vent 40 "i? D the off-center Yantilach "ib" 41 closed,

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dia is carried by a shaft 42, on one of which there is a weight 43, so that the valve disk 41 holds the Dm-ohliß closed position in the open position. In "AnwäLptßatiometi the exhaust gas * in DCtfchlaß is a euegeübt & O great Dsück on DITF Ventilacheibe'41 that the SchlieSksift dea weight over it and the passage shower the Droeselvontil expands" To Stella odes in Vezbindang "used with Gewicht'kann a Kornpeneationßfeder are "" generated the opposing forces with respect to the pressure acting on the disk 41.

Aa place the weights aod springs can • via a flat spiral spring (not shown) be used, which exerts a buckling torque, dta a sufficient throttling 3es Ventilea causes.

Fig. 12 shows that an automatically operating back pressure valve, which generates a 100 to 120 m Hg back pressure in the exhaust system, is desirable to work at speed above idle speed, ie during (

Certain periods are desirable, during which a small gas flow o the air puff system and in which the back pressure without the "Tentil acnst below" 9 "beatiaart back pressure Xitgen grows" llietea at high Kotoi * drahsthl large * "0i" str8s ", umm lit r * S «lvetitil oif ψ fen * <^ * noeaiel

puffiDlage dm «4a« ViStLl wüwS t heights » $ * ± n λ% * ά · 9 * υί ~>

8 · «ft! * 4 & ft <H» isüolrfiöelc l «t

«Ah * se no owed the pressure valve that as opening arege lvoti »direction serves, distant the greater

the exhaust system and far away from the porous

Exhaust pot »which has the greater total speed igkeitea tinefc offers less resistance.

In the automatic AuspuffemisaionsBegelsölege iüs'das critical work of a catalytically en Eeaktors not on i & si & clothes aper iod e is required because the conversion between data betw exhaust gases and the additional air

~ The required tempera ture "vent" on the exhaust port

or obtained in large-scale Cem Hachbrenner Nshe DEM ketalytischea Beaktor uiomittelisar naohdeti starting the Brennkraftmaschin * "& he showers the Srhöhung of Auapuffrück- (S ^ ockes entatehsaaa £ raftverlust JSST small and wifd -> niä mentioned" by Irhöhungen in the flrtachaftllchkeit Motor work auroh usuiii, compensated by lean # 2? Öß Esaftstoff-lJafti-French.

) ode? 'Safety devices and by feeding

from Surbelkssteagasen to Luftpumpen®inleS · The last mentioned MsSachma also supports the Iu £ tr ei ni gangssegelUBg o <5 © 2 Juice detoxification.

Z \ m &? HäfcuBg der Hachb? En & «3? IMaetzüi3g is indicated by a g? E§ * aui & ig« & _} in the turn of the exhaust opening fesm tup. large a ^ sachea auffteide ^ S «: exhaust-. 1) $ iot in the 998®t & l ± Qhm glfloht

time created at each exhaust port, so that the kat & lytiüche Beefctor is considerably relieved. This version allows faster warming up dea kitslytiscöan Beak tor a and gives a treasure gas the overheating of the Catalyst with sworn engine work, Bauaüjegran-'zu should promise In the kotorkawmer the use of clay is large Exhaust aam ^ aL pipes en impossible, then the for the Implementation between the exhaust gases and the additional air,

compelling tree or hat ζ created by linbau a large-owed vengeance in front of the Catalan beactor, as in lig. 1J is shown, the supply of additional air in the in Tig. 1 takes place; · With the sea large exhaust pipe and the large afterburner, the protective purpose en vargasehm · llebenstrooi is not necessary, because the afterburning of this SäMjelrohr or in the exhaust pipe ν ο * the kfitalytiachen Boaktor takes place a «bigger oxide» ti ο over etching achieved, eo that the catalytically * stronger * less «r work (

has to do and an overheating of the Estilyietoz · Ink! high speed verai * dtb will. liiie wii-truce advantageous design for enlarging the tree of the Auapuffeammelzohrsa in older Ithreeugen is In Hg. 1c shown at 11a in which an abe te öd er i ng · η of the exhaust opening 16 between engine and Ailepuifa collector pipe 11 sets is «Sine advantageous afterburner refrain that the relation of the Aumme dee Volumeaa des

soiior / oiu

The exhaust pipe and the volume of this exhaust pipe, which is moving, allow the exhaust to pass through to the vxtö £ verla £ eruri £ s ~ · - '■' ■ where about 0.7 to 2.0, and that the ratio is of the extended exhaust system from the closed exhaust valve to the catalytic :; Beaktor aüar Letor displacement is about 2.0 to 5.4. , '■ - ■ - ■ ·' - ⁴

The large-capacity Hächbrenner is advantageous when using small engines, stoves currently used in small motor vehicles, and vun & o, toreti with honing actives aiit ^ ' rich vegetables and highly concentrated Eraf t materials.

Ss alao a process "and" iii ^ -Vö described by the amount of the exhaust gases of an engine existing or polluted <Taem, en · can be reduced to the statutory provisions etiüben to _t and also the work of the engine " .at idle uad uiiter ^; -B8 workload to improve. ~

The characteristics that exist in that Air near the exhaust valves and downstream of the exhaust Valves is fed that a large-scale Auapuffsammel There is a pipe and an afterburner that is more catalytic Heaktor and silencer of proportionately low resistance to high gas currents - is used ", and that an automatically operating back pressure control valve is present that maintains a pressure at low speeds above idle,

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higher than the normal back pressure of an exhaust system without a back pressure valve, and that at high speeds and high gas flows at which the pressure remains open the exhaust system without a back pressure valve above the pressure who is kept at never there? en speeds available. is, - «These characteristics form a real combination., which alone is able to achieve the required reduction of the carbon-hydrogen and carbon-oxide emissions to regulate over long operating times, as has been proven by test drives over 20,000 km, with the same-

The catalytic muffler is warmed up quickly when the engine is started, and overheating of the catalytic converter above 87O ⁰ C is avoided during every working period *

The data given in the table below prove that these features work together » In all tests, air was near the exhaust ports added, except for the comparison engine.

Table I.

Data from the vehicle-puff emission test California MVPCB procedure

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Ve r she ichaino to r CO
Ά Collector tube post
burner CO Vehicle HG
EFMC6 HC
PPMC6 · ■ Big engine (new) 1,2 .... 2.1
3.1 1> 6 Before trying
after 20,000 km
Big Lotor (Alt) 430
485 2.5 275
290 1.1 After 20,000 km
Small LIo tor (compact) 770 5.0
6.6
4.8 325 3.0
5.0
3.3 Before attempting "1, 2
After 20 OüO km 1.2
After 20,000 km 1.3 635
775
890 415
515
465

Calif or mis standard according to 20 000 kzni EO, PPMC6 275 '■ .- ■ - - CO, -% 1.5

PPMC6 “Hydrocarbons as particles per million

Equipped with inevitable crankcase valves ti 1 ati ons ν ο rr i c ht ung

2 »erected with a spacious beactor in front of the

catalytic reactor

3 «equipped with a large insulated exhaust collecting room

MVPCB- Motor Vehicle Pollution Board Large motor = 394 cu.in. Small motor »Έ44 cu.in.

1478614

table H

Ask at the vehicle design Lf emüs.si ons ve rs ach / ed Combined tea Syatem OO
i. Calif Ornis iiVBJBi. Verfaar βΐι ν ■■■ '>. ■ 2.1
'- ■ • ^; - "^; 3.1 * IO
HPÜC6 0.6
1.5 . - Comparing engine 2.5 $ 21 1.0 Vehicle. \ -.-
Big üotor (N.ju) 1 »2 HG
FM06 6.6
000 km »HC, 235 0.5
3.7
3.0
Max· Before the Verauoli "·; ■. ■■ ..
TSacik 20,000 Ü £ ^;
Big engine (old) s- 450
BPÜG6 t? 5 After 20,000 * km
KLeinai! Motor (compact) 770 Before ^ a on Verauch 1,2. 635
after 20,000 kk 1.2 775
after 20,000 km 1.3 ^: 890
California ütandarda after 20

PPkG6 m K-OhlsKiwasssratpffe ala particles per million hexane

1 = »vehicles with zwaagaläüiigea Küibelkaateavehtila-

tioae devices ■.

2 β GsoBvolumigen Eeaktor νοϊ äesii catalytic Heaktor 5 = G-roüvoluaiigas isolated Auapufiaanuaeiro tube.

-24- 14766H

Table III

Influence of äes-Auspuf £ r tickdrucKv.3ntil? S on the AuspuffemissJon California MVPCB Veruchsverfahren

Hydrocarbons, EPII06

Small Motos Großmotojp

(compact (old)

A. Comparative Motor 963

B. engine with medhaniaeher afterburning (IaIA) without exhaust back pressure (EBP) -Venti1

C. Motor rait'MA with SBP valve

C »i-iotor with MA with catalytic converter without SBF valve

H. Engine with MA with catalytic converter with KIPVbll

660 -. 548 a 219 2 ^ 2 177 c 204 b

a 17 % reduction but B. b 12 % reduction over -D. c 19 % reduction over ß.

The combination, which is characterized by guiding an air volume in at least a stoichiimetric ratio near and downstream of the exhaust valve through a catalytic converter and shell damper with a volume ratio to the engine displacement that is greater than in the normal version, by at least 3 ° to achieve "iga oxide ations reducing the hydrocarbon β, initially in the exhaust gases forehearth en eiaä _t before these exhaust gases arraichta the katalytißchen Baaktor,

prevents overheating of the catalyst at higher kotordrehzahlan, "end reaches the remaining oxidation in katalytiachea Beaktor by maintaining a temperature under 870 dea Beaktora guarantee each leach Betuiebaperiode and bev.iikt a reduction dea Kohlenwaaaeratof £ ea content of the exhaust emission under 25> 0 parts per Million hexane over long periods of operation

The mentioned combination together with the automatic arbait endeo back pressure control valve, which is about 100 to 125 naa Hg exercises Luer run upright, with the normal Chop pressure of the exhaust system without back pressure valve untar is about 100 to 150 mn Hg at low!.! otor speed, and the valve remains open at higher engine speed, if the normal back pressure of the exhaust system without a valve above of the aforementioned backprint a lie & b, produces another Reducing pollution in the exhaust emission.

The old examples are only given as explanations to empty those in the take of the tateatan sayings can be changed and modified * without changing the scope r. Invention to leave.

Claims (1)

■ -14766U Claims / 1. Method for the substantial reduction of the amount of combustible substances present in the exhaust gases of a Brannkraftmaachine by supplying additional air near the exhaust opening of each cylinder to the. Consumption products present in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that W. the back pressure in the exhaust system through a valve of a time briefly six start of combustion in the internal combustion engine is kept at a substantially constant pressure of at least 1 _f 1 times the outside air pressure until the pressure is overtaken by the exhaust pressure of the internal combustion engine operating at higher speeds. " 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the additional air in such a quantity or with such a speed is supplied that the Gainma value changes from about 0.85 to about 1.25, with this? Value is the ratio of the actual fuel purchase • The mixture in the exhaust system is also atoichiometric Fuel-air mixture is. 3 * Method according to claim 1 or Z _9, characterized in that di «f additional air aod dit *. BATH 0844 s * »t ϊ» i mkt contin ' U 7 6614 products in a manner known per se through a catalyst be felt through for the purpose of further implementation » 4. Device for executing the method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 with a device for feeding of additional air near the exhaust port of each cylinder to those in the exhaust system in front and en © α Combustion «^ ο« dakten, dedurcfe gafeeanxeichaet that for begging dea Bück- ^ pressure in this exhaust system there is a device (13) which consists of a valve which is arranged downstream of the exhaust opening and which maintains an essentially constant back pressure in the system, the laindeateas daa 1.1 times of the outer air pressure is, namely for the time iurs after the start of the combustion in the internal combustion engine bia to dom time at which this pressure "is overtaken internal combustion engine." through the Auapuffgaarückdruck the ar yield ligands with höhsren speeds ■ ■ '■' ■■ ' ■■ "" ■ "'■■ I 5. Apparatus according to claim 4 with a katalytieeheh Seaktor in the AuSp äff plant, thereby marked that the catalytic reactor is close and upstream of the valve device (13) is located. 6 device nacii Aaapiivich 4 odes 5, characterized by a large volume afterburner, which is arranged downstream of the air supply device and has a volume that is grayer than the volume of the usual exhaust system, ao that the ratio of the afterburner volume to the hot or displacement can be changed from 0.7 to 3.4. . , 7. Gate direction according to claim 6, characterized in that β aß "the catalytic heater is arranged downstream of the secondary burner. 8. Device according to Aiispsuch 6 or 7, characterized in that the "afterburner has an insulated exhaust pipe whose diameter is larger is known as the diameter of the exhaust pipes, and that the volume ratio of the exhaust system ζ up engine displacement changed from 2.0 to>, 4. 9. Apparatus according to claim 6 or ? _t characterized in that the exhaust gas system has a verrßsrtes exhaust manifold near the internal combustion engine and spacer device between this manifold and the internal combustion engine. _t Device according to Claim 4, with a sound damper, characterized by a Hf 66 U damper or your itiäpüfftopf Vbfhaadönan Katälyöator, who the Umä $ \ sz \ hg * ζ wipe the additional air and dah brännbaä * ea # iis ^ ßäüfeaniäQ ^y % igaüÄiif Wa · §Γύί- dies * false. "" daa in öefi flödteöniö% #fcliiiine and- ■ '<& $ ^: üfr ^ ibM & üiift "' fetlih ^ iaiiisit) ifi ^ 'im eudü-gr ^ v ^ öbtl- ^ di ^ aeMiiiüilii'dia;' Vlolil contains the direct sound damper dupchetrometidoti Geastrom regulates, and that the valve makes a connection through this catalyst hirü urcii Lei, if the backflow over the catalyst and / or the working temperature of the catalyst