DE1467613C3 - Low-foaming detergent - Google Patents

Description

3 4

mixed in solid form or in melted detergent powder for gluing and balling

stood on it to be sprayed or sprayed on. Man raise.

can also proceed in such a way that the keto compounds The detergents contain up to 60 per cent by weight only with a detergent component with a percentage of alkali salts of condensed phosphates, mixes and then converts this intermediate product into 5 such as pyrophosphate, tri- or tetrapolyphosphate or the detergent is incorporated. Mixing can be metaphosphates. The condensed phosphates can continuously or discontinuously, both at and completely or partially through organic, the lime room temperature as well as replacing binding complexing agents at elevated temperature hardness of the water take place. Be in the interest of an even distribution. Examples of such compounds are of the substances, the use of the usual alkali metal salts of nitrilotriacetic acid or ethylene mechanical mixing or granulating devices is recommended. The diaminotetraacetic acid, also organophosphorus keto compounds but can also with the help of bonds, such as aminoalkylenephosphonic acids and nozzles, directly into the drying of the washing hydroxyethane-l, l-diphosphonic acid and its alcohol pastes serving nebulization chambers one potash salts.

be sprayed. This arrangement has the advantage that 15 In addition to the substances mentioned, the inventions the added substances are particularly uniform according to the detergents produced and the usual structure distribute in the detergent and contain separate additives, such as alkalis, neutral salts, Mixing device is saved. A two-fluid nozzle with a separate medium, in particular magnesium silicate, and water supply can also be used as atomizing alkali metal silicates, per compounds and stabilizing nozzle for the detergent paste and the keto ao soluble cellulose ethers, optical brighteners, fragrances and bindings are used. If necessary, dyes. The additives have no effect on that The substances to be added can previously be slightly foamed in the detergent. Unless the powder volatile Solvents can be dissolved, but is a shaped medium to be processed into tablets, Such a process because of the necessary systems, solvent-promoting agents can also be added, to recover the solvent and the 25 The amount of washing-active sulfonic acid salts, always associated losses less expedient. Soap and keto compounds depend on that

The keto intended use of the detergent mixed in as indicated. For the machi-

Compounds are in a distributed state, quick prewash and hot wash equally

The detergents particularly suitable for effective foam suppression contain 3 to 20, preferably

is cheap. This state is characterized by 30 5 to 15 percent by weight of anion-active compounds

that the keto compounds, depending on whether they are in solid fertilizers of the sulfate or sulfonate type and 0.5 to 20,

or in the molten or dissolved state in the preferably 1 to 10 percent by weight soap. The for

finely divided detergents are introduced, in the form of an effective foam dampening sufficient quantity

solid, isolated particles in addition to the detergent genes of keto compounds are between 0.05 and 2,

particles are present or more or less strongly with 35 preferably between 0.1 and 1.5 percent by weight,

the latter are glued, fused or agglomerated. taking the required minimum amount with the salary

The presence of alkali soaps is also a prerequisite for the foaming of the mixture of high-foaming detergent raw materials to occur. increases. An optimal effect occurs with a weight suitable soaps are derived from fatty acids with 10 to a ratio of soap to keto compound of 1: 0.1 to 24 carbon atoms; however, those with 40 to 1: 1 up. Exceeding the specified additional 12 to 18 carbon atoms is of course possible because of their better set quantities; preferably used for detergency. However, they have no advantages, since they do not improve the foam known from naturally occurring damping, but the wash, if unsuccessful, hydrogenated fatty acid mixtures, as may be, are increasingly impaired. Coconut, palm, tallow, tranquil, tall oil or the like 45 It must be considered surprising that fatty acids are produced. Synthetic soaps can also be used due to the presence of finely divided particles of fatty acids. ; _; water-insoluble keto compounds in amounts of

The foam-suppressing effect of the combination ^ - less than 1% the tendency to foam of mixtures of soap and finely divided keto compounds extends from strongly foaming detergent raw materials and soaps to all known organic washing raw materials 50 at higher temperatures is suppressed to the extent of the sulfate or sulfonate type. Examples of such that their use in drum washing machines washing raw materials are the water-soluble salts of is possible. This was all the less to be expected as primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfo-the same keto compounds are ineffective if naten, olefin sulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates and they are used analogously to the other detergent components sulfo fatty acid esters. These compounds can be present with the liquid or paste-form detergents as salts of organic bases, in particular mono-, concentrates, the so-called "slurries", intensely di- or trialkanolamines. Except anion-mixed, so that homogeneous, non-segregating niche active washing substances, the mixtures can form dispersions and then contain non-ionic detergent raw materials, e.g. B. sprays or otherwise dries.
Alkyl and acyl polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol poly- 60 It is also surprising that the glycol ethers or amine oxides. The use of foam damping only when a certain polyglycol ether is present can be useful if the th, synergistic amount of soap occurs and the cleaning power is further increased, but the effect does not affect the presence of it. Since it is not bound to any licher lime soaps in the agents according to the invention. The foaming properties or only a small contribution to foam dampening of the agents according to the invention are thus provided, but their presence is not required. largely independent of the degree of hardness of the tap water, a particular advantage of the method is too dependent on this. Another advantage is that the foam appears, since polyglycol ether is known to have a tendency of the winding between 20 and 50 ° C, so in the so-called

1 4Ö7 oil 3

Delicates area, only moderately steamed. More abundant Foam prevents heavy mechanical processing of the laundry and thus prevents matting, creasing and damaging of delicate fabrics made of wool, silk and synthetic fibers. It is of particular importance that the added keto compounds are within the specified concentration range neither the cleaning properties nor the storage and pourability of the powdery ones Affect detergent. Also, the amounts of keto compounds used are so small that that when the agent dissolves, the water has unimpeded access to the detergent particles and the speed of dissolution is not impaired even in the cold. As in fully automatic drum washing machines Only a certain amount of time is available for the solution process is a fast one and completely dissolving the detergent in cold water.

Examples

In the following examples, powdery detergent mixtures produced by hot atomization were used used. The foam behavior was tested under realistic conditions in a commercial drum washing machine. 141 washing lye were required for one filling. Of the The liquor level and the foam height were read through the sight glass, on which, starting at the level of the Liquid level, six markings with the designations 0 to 5 at equal intervals, were appropriate. The foam numbers given in the following table correspond to the height of the Foam levels reached mark. The number 0 means that there is no foam development; the number 5 indicates that the drum is filled with foam without foaming over, while the number 6 indicates that the suds are foaming over. The use concentration of the detergent was in all examples 3.5 g / l. Unless otherwise stated, tap water with a degree of hardness of 16 ° dH was used used. All of the percentages given below are percentages by weight.

Examples 1 to 5

A washing powder of the following composition was used:

12.0% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 1.5% fatty alcohol _{polycol ether (C 1} "fatty alcohol, JZ = 50, 7 to 10 ethylene glycol groups),

1.5% Na cellulose glycolate, 25.0% pentasodium triphosphate, 20.0% tetrasodium pyrophosphate, 4.5% water glass,
15.0% sodium perborate,

8.5% sodium sulfate,

8.5% fragrances, optical brighteners, water.

The remaining 3.5% in the comparative tests consisted of either soap powder or those in Table 1 listed ketones, in the examples according to the invention, however, from the mixtures of the two substances. the The soda soap used was made using 60% coconut fatty acids and 40% tallow fatty acids been. All detergent ingredients were intimately mixed in a mixing drum.

The results of the foam measurement as a function of the temperature are summarized in Table 1, which also contains the comparison tests.

Table 1

at
game soap
% Ketone % 30 ° C 40 ° C 50 ° C look
70 ° C number
80 ° C 90 ° C 95 ° C 100 ° C 3.5 _: 4th 4th 0.5 1 2 6th 6th 6th 1 3.15
2.80
2.45
1.75
1.05
0 Nonadecanedione-2,4 0.35
0.7
1.05
1.75
2.45
3.5 4th
4th
3
4th
1
5 4.5
4th
3
3
1
5 3
2
1
0.5
0.5
6th 0.5
0.5
0
0
0
6th 0.5
0
0
0
0
6th 0.5
0.5
0.5
0
0
6th 0.5
1
1
1
0
6th 3
2
2
2
1
6th 2 3.5
3.5
3.5
0 Lauron 0.35
0.7
1.4
3.5 3
2.5
1
5 1
0.5
0.5
5 0.5
0.5
0.5
6th 0.5
0
0
6th 0.5
0
0
6th 1
1
0.5
6th 2
1.5
1
6th 3
2
1.5
6th 3 3.5 Dotria contandion 0.35
0.7 to 1.4 3
1 2
1.5 0.5
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.5
0.5 0.5
0.5 1.5
0.5 4th 3.5 Tricosandione 0.35
0.7 to 1.4 3
0.5 2
0 0.5
0 0.5
0 0.5
0 0.5
0 1
0 3
2 5 3.5
2.45
0 Distearoylactone
dicarboxylic acid ester 0.35
1.05
3.5 4th
5
5 4th
5
6th 4.5
4th
6th 0.5
0.5
6th 0.5
0.5
6th 1
0.5
6th 2
0.5
6th 3
0.5
6th

Examples 6 to 9

The structural substance of the detergents used below contained:

1.5 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 48.0 parts of pentasodium triphosphate, 15.0 parts of sodium perborate,
10.0 parts of sodium sulfate,

6.5 parts water glass,

optical brighteners, fragrances, water.

In Examples 6 and 7 the mixtures contained: 8.0 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate,

in example 8:

8.0 parts sodium coconut fatty alcohol sulfate,

and in example 9:

8.0 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfofatty acid methyl ester prepared from tallow fatty acids.

The mixtures in Examples 7 to 9 also contained:

3.5 parts fatty alcohol polyglycol ether (as in
Example 1).

In Example 6, this ingredient was replaced by sodium sulfate.
On those with varying amounts of sodium soap

ίο Detergents added 60% coconut and 40% tallow fatty acids melted palmiton was sprayed on in a granulator.

The drum washing machine already described served as the foam measuring device. In Example 7, soft water was used of 4 ° dH is used, in the other examples tap water with 16 ° dH. The results are in Table 2 reproduced. Example 6 shows the effectiveness of the additive in the absence of polyglycol ethers, in example 7 that in soft water

ao show. That the finely divided ketones also opposite Examples 8 and 9 show that fatty alcohol sulfates and sulfoester salts are effective.

soap Ketone 30 ° C 50 ° C Table 2 Foam number
'80 ° C 90 ° C 95 ° C 100 ° C at
game 3.5
3.5 0
0.35 4th
3.5 4.5
4th 70 ° C 1
0.5 5
0.5 6th
0.5 6th
0.5 6th 3.5
3.5 0
1.4 3
2 2
0.5 0.5
0.5 4th
1 6th
1.5 6th
1.5 6th
1.5 7th 3.5
3.5 0
0.35 3.5
3.5 3.5
1.5 1
0.5 0.5
0.5 5
0.5 6th
0.5 6th
0.5 8th 3.5
3.5 0
0.7 2
1.5 2
1 0.5
0.5 5
1 6th
1.5 So V 6th
2.5 9 3
1

409 682/264

Claims (10)

1 2 with considerable loss of detergent claims: substance. It has also been shown that large amounts of foam reduce the mechanical processing of the to 1, steam is why the detergent foaming powdered or granulated 5 in the machine not their full cleaning capacity detergents containing water-soluble salts develop Toggle At temperatures above 8O ⁰ C weakly be cleaned. Ionic detergents from sulphate or sulpho- One already has the strongly foaming, anionic nattyp, alkali soaps of saturated or unsaturated detergent substances of the sulphonate or sulphate type, fatty acids with 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the detergents they contain to reduce the molecule and condensed alkali phosphates or non-ionic foam formation Active washing substances, organic ethers that bind the hardness of the water, such as high-molecular-weight ethers and esters of polyglycol complex compounds, which are identified by this, are added. The foam-suppressing effect is characterized in that, however, it melting at 100 ⁰ C of nonionic surfactants is sufficient in this case, water insoluble ketones or diketones with min- for use of the mixtures in Trommelwaschdestens 18 carbon atoms in the molecule in the form of 15 machine not finely divided particles at temperatures above 8O ⁰ C contains that with the rest of the. It is also known that alkali soaps of fat detergent particles are mixed with these acids, in particular those with a chain length of agglomerated, and the weight C ₁₈ to C ₂₂ as foam-suppressing substances to average the washing ratio of wash-active sulfonic acid salt. The effect of these substances is soap to keto compound between 1: 2: 0.05 and 20, however, depends on the hardness of the water and is 10: 1: 2. is also limited to certain washing active 2. Means according to claim 1, characterized by marked substances. So it was not previously possible to show that it contains ketones of the general formula Foam formation from alkyl sulfates and sulfofett-C ₇₁ H _2n O. acidic ester salts to a sufficient extent. 3. Agent according to claim 1, characterized in that these detergent raw materials have so far been characterized in that it does not contain diketones of the general machine detergents or only in the formula C _n H ₂₇₁ ^ O ₂ . could be used in an orderly manner. Just 4. Means according to claim 1, characterized in that these washing raw materials deserve because of their is characterized by the fact that it has higher molecular weight ketocarboxylic acid-favorable washing-active and physiological self-esters contains. 30 shafts as well as their easily biodegradable 5. Means according to claim 1 to 4, characterized by particular interest. indicates that it soaps of chain length C ₁₂ It has now been an above 8O ⁰ C schwachschäumen- up to C ₁₈ contains. des, powder or granulated detergent 6. Composition according to claim 1 to 5, in which found containing water-soluble salts of anionic Weight ratio of soap to keto compounds 35 detergent raw materials of the sulfate or sulfonate type, alkali-1: Is 0.1 to 1: 1. soaps saturated or unsaturated fatty acids with 7. Means according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that there are 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the molecule and condensed in that it contains 5 to 15 percent by weight of alkali metal phosphates or organic compounds of sulfate or water-binding complex compounds that are active in washing the lime hardness. Sulfonate type, 1 to 10 percent by weight soap, up to 40 is characterized in that it ^{melts below 100 0} C to 60 percent by weight of alkali salts of condensing water-insoluble ketones or diketones with sated phosphates and 0.1 to 1.5 percent by weight of at least 18 carbon atoms in the molecule contains in water-insoluble keto compounds. Contains form of dispersed particles that coincide with the rest 8. A method for producing the agent according to ■ detergent particles mixed with these agglo-claim 1 to 7, characterized in that 45 are merged and where the weight ratio the keto compounds the finely divided detergent from detergent sulfonic acid salt to soap to keto agent or a part of the same. connection is between 1: 2: 0.05 and 10: 1: 2. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized-marked- The water-insoluble ketones or diketones, im shows that the keto compounds can be called "keto compounds" for short in the following Drying of the detergent pastes used aliphatic, alicyclic or araliphatic, straight-chain sprayed dust chambers. or branched as well as saturated or unsaturated 10. The method according to claim 8, characterized by nature and others that are not water-soluble draws that the addition of the keto compounds increasing groups, e.g. B. ether or ester groups takes place during the granulation of the detergent. as well as halogen atoms, contained in the molecule. Ge 55 suitable ketones are, for example, the monoketones of the series C _n H _2n O, such as laurone (di-n-undecyl ketone), Myriston, Palmiton and Stearon and their mixtures, also ^ -diketones of the formula C «H _2n - ₂ O ₂ and esters long-chain alcohols with ketocarboxylic acids or with 60 ketodicarboxylic acids and long-chain fatty acids with The invention relates to solid detergents in the hydroxyketones, these compounds according to Temperature range above 8O ⁰ C a slight possibility no free, the water solubility er Have foaming power. contain increasing hydroxyl or carboxyl groups High-foaming detergents are known to be intended for. The introduction of these compounds into the A use in modern drum washing 65 finely divided detergents can be used in various machines not suitable. A strong foam development is done, for example in the form that the ment leads, in particular at temperatures above keto compounds, by spray drying or 8O ⁰ C to foaming the cleaning liquor granulation in detergent mixtures