DE1458173A1 - Plate assembly for use in holding a mass of molten metal to be poured into a mold - Google Patents

Description

a * · - "" T ^ bBT73

to enter the l4. September 1965 VA. Nome d. Note OGLEBAY HORTON

l400 Hanna

Cleveland,> € iiio ^ 3 ».atA.

The present invention relates to warming hoods and more particularly on heating hoods that have an annular refractory layer made up of several preformed refractory plates.

The present invention relates to a new and improved device for the quick and effortless exchange of preformed plates for preparing a heating hood lining in the correct one Position for use in permanent molds for casting raw raw material.

The present invention relates to a new and improved device, which facilitates the packing and shipping of preformed panels used in warming hoods so that through Losses caused by breakage are reduced to a minimum »

The present invention also relates to a heue and improved Wärmhaube in which the preformed panels _t to form a rtng- shaped Wärmhaubenausfütterung are assembled, the plates are joined together by a flexible material, which holds the plates in a certain context and allows the panels and flexible material can be collapsed to form a relatively flat shape for shipping and which holds the panels in their proper mutual position during assembly to form the heated hood liner. Pile 12,448 ^j

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The present invention further relates to a new and improved one Lining layer for an insulation lining a * warming hood, which consists of several pre-formed refractory panels, which are angularly arranged corner to corner to form the Lining layers are arranged, the panels are previously assembled with a flexible material, so that the panels and the flexible material forms a relatively flat shipping unit and holds the panels in such relationship that they can easily be brought into the correct heating hood position by folding the flexible material.

The present invention further relates to a new and improved one Lining layer, as will be explained in the next section, whereby the flexible material is corrugated cardboard, which forms a cushion during shipping, allows easy folding, and discharges gases generated during casting and provides compliance, so that in a reusable warming hood the correct fit is guaranteed even if the tolerances of the other parts of the heating hood fluctuate.

The present invention also relates to a trim panel for a Isolationsausfütterung Wärmhaube, this plate is made of a material that softens under the massel occurring during formation of the Roho temperatures and coincident to ^B to facilitate release of the Wärmhaube of the mold.

The present invention further relates to a new and improved one Plate insert unit for a heating hood, which is used for handling ο. ■

and shipping has sufficient strength, but still none Difficulty removing the warming hood

The present invention further relates to a preformed panel unit, with which a mass of molten metal to be filled into the mold is held in order to prevent the metal from shrinking equalize during solidification, this unit being several preformed above a mold a hollow geometric figure forming panels and a flexible means by which a plurality of these panels are attached so that adjacent panel edges generally parallel, spaced apart on the flexible means, and foldable at any point along a line to let adjacent edges butt against each other. When using the panels as a facing for an insulating lining a heating hood, they are made of a material that can withstand the temperatures that occur during casting of the mold softened so that they collapse when the heating hood is removed from the mold.

Further advantages of the present invention emerge from the the following detailed description of the present invention, which with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the Drawings is:

Fig. 1 is a representation, partly in view and partly in Section, a warming hood ^ of the composite floating construction, the. constructed in accordance with the present invention and is inserted into the open upper end of a mold,

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of part of that shown in FIG Warming hood, approximately along the section line 2 - 2 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of an insert unit made of preformed plat-

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th, the protection of the insulating heating hood lining shown in Fig. 1 made of refractory bricks,

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of part of the insert unit shown in FIG. 3 from preformed plates approximately along the section line 4 - 4 in Fig, J and

Fig. 5 is a partial view in section of part of a modified one Construction of the heating hood according to FIG. 1.

Although the present invention is shown on the example of a particular Wärmhaube, having an insulating lining of insulating refractory bricks, it should be noted ,, that the invention in various types of Wärmhauben is applicable. When preformed plates with or without einej ¹ exothermeji facing order Forming an annular heating hood to be assembled.

The present invention is shown in the drawing using the example of a Warming hood A shown. The warming hood A is what its metal housing and their use concerns, of conventional design. The metal housing of the heating hood A consists of an upper section 10 and a lower one Section 11, which are connected to each other in a suitable manner. According to the illustration, the warming hood is generally rectangular in shape Shape. It is evident, however, that they can also be round, oval or may be of a different shape.

The upper section 10 of the metal housing has according to the .Darstellung at its upper end an integral, inward-pointing

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Baldaohin or Plansch 12 on. The lower portion or part 11 of the metal case has at its lower end ei "integral, inwardly directed lip or Plansch 15 which is narrower than the Plansch 12th

In the case of the heating hood shown, the metal housing is lightweight insulating material, preferably a porous, breakable, insulating fire brick, less mechanical Lined strength, but with good thermal insulation properties and has low heat capacity and thermal conductivity. The material can also be a castable fire-resistant Insulation of equivalent thermal resistance and durability. The bricks of the lining 21 differ in this way of high quality, hard, dense bricks that because of their density and mass have relatively low thermal insulation values and high heat capacity, although they are in the Did have good mechanical strength. The insulating lining 21 of the heating hood shown is between the paddles 12 and 15 of the housing and is supported by these and these insulating lining 21 of the heating hood housing is semi-permanent in that it is used for a number of casting processes will.

The insulating PeuerzSgel used to manufacture the lining 21 of the heating hood shown have a maximum calculated operating temperature such that the lining would be destroyed by the thermal shock of direct contact with the molten metal or so seriously damaged that it would have to be replaced for every casting process » these destruction Odei »· damage to the lining would have increased by ^

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improper mechanical treatment of them when losing weight is exposed to the hot hood after the ingot has reached the desired degree of solidification.

To this day, a heating hood of the type explained here has been used to protect the insulating lining made of refractory bricks thermal shock and improper mechanical treatment proposed to cover the lining with a protective lining or preformed protective panel units. The purpose of using the protective liner or plate inserts is to keep the temperature of the molten Metal and the temperature to which the insulating lining is exposed, a sufficient temperature drop or -generate gradients so that the temperature of the latter within the target operating temperature of the lining is. The insulating lining 21 of the heating hood A is made of such plates protected and as a result of this, the lining 21 is a semi-permanent lining which can be reused for a Number of casting processes is suitable.

According to the illustration, the heating hood A has a downwardly diverging one or tapered central opening 22 or an interior space on, although the opening can also be formed without a cone can, and when preparing the heating hood for a casting process, it is used in an inverted position in a frame, as it is is well known in the professional world. An insert unit 23 from prefabricated panels is then inserted into the interior of the heating hood and brought into contact with the insulating liner 21. The insert unit 23 forms around the inside of the heating hood a ring-shaped lining layer and protects against the

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Wtaihaube put lining 21 against thermal shocks. The insert unit 23 stands within the flange 12 or lies rait one Edge 33a under aera Plansch 12 in contact with its surface 12a.

The insert unit 23 preferably engages under the flange 12 for better retention in the heating hood, as shown. The surface Iga can, however, have the groove 12b shown in WXe * 5 for receiving the upper end of the insert unit. Such an arrangement makes it difficult for the molten metal to pass behind the insert unit.

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After inserting the insert unit 23 into the heating hood, the refractory base length 24 is placed on the lower end of the heating hood in a known manner. The bottom ring 24 is provided with a raised rib-shaped section 25 which protrudes upwards at the inner end of the flange 13 and engages under the insulating lining 21. According to the illustration, the refractory base ring 24 has on its inner circumference a section 26 which effects the formation of a shoulder and which engages the edge 23b of the insert unit 2J> and which

existing
supports the preformed blades -the insert unit. It can be seen that the rib 25 can be wider and the retracted portion 26 can be omitted, the edge 23b of the plate insert then being the

25th
Top of the wider rib 24> of the bottom ring 24 would grasp.

As shown, a squeegee tape 27 is located between the lower end of the metal housing and the top of the bottom ring 24, as is well known. Every gap or space SSWi ^. see the bottom ring, the metal housing and the lower end of the insulating lining 21 can be closed with a suitable sealing compound shown at 28. The refractory base ring 24 and the stripping tape ZJ are in the usual way with suitable (not:

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shown) mounting brackets in a well-known manner attached to the housing.

When using the heated hood constructed in this way for one The pouring process will open them a certain distance into the top End of a mold 29 used and initially with suitable blocks, for. B. with wooden planks 30, <, held in this position. After this Pouring the molten metal into the mold and the heating hood, the blocks j50 are knocked out or destroyed and the The warming hood then floats on the already partially solidified Ingot. The make-up, use and advantages of the warming hood are as fully described above well known. The heating mantle contains a molten metal mass to be introduced into the mold in order to do this during solidification to compensate for any shrinkage of the metal that occurs in the mold.

The insulating lining made of refractory bricks According to the illustration in FIG. 2, 21 is composed of side parts 3I and corner parts 32 together. The touching corner surfaces of the parts 31 and 52 are shaped to fit together loosely and sit firmly in their position in the heating hood between the flanges 12 and 13 of the housing. The insulating lining is on the inside over the inside end of the lower lip or flange Ij5 over and lies over the raised rib 25 of the bottom ring 24, as Fig. 1 clearly shows.

The preformed insert unit -2j5 shown for the lining 21 of the heating hood consists of individual insert plates 40, 41,

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which expediently on a flexible means or a flexible material are attached. The plates 40, 41 form side or corner plates and consist of a layer of heat-resistant or another suitable protective material and / or a layer of exothermic material. According to the illustration, the plates 40, 41 from an essentially self-supporting refractory support # - layer 47, on one side of which an exothermic cover layer 48 is formed. The refractory layer 47 is preferably with the flexible material engages and is attached to this. In the preferred embodiment, this is corrugated cardboard 42, which forms a base for the plates. This cardboard pad 42 contains, as FIG. 4 clearly shows, two cardboard sheets separated from one another by a corrugated layer.

The layer 47 of the preformed protective plate inserts 40, 4l can consist of any high temperature resistant material that is used in the Operating temperatures preferably neither melts nor sintered together. The composition can vary considerably in its constituent parts and is not outlined in greater detail here. Let it be again pointed out that the layer 47 consists of the most diverse suitable materials which are suitable for protecting the insulating lining 21. The exothermic cover layer 48 of the panels can also vary in their composition and since such compositions are known in the art, no specific composition is given. It should be pointed out that any suitable exothermic cover layer can be used.

The panels 40, 4l are preferably after molding and drying

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attached to the flexible cardboard 42. The plates can be on any suitable way, e.g. B. with adhesives or mechanical means, such as rivets, pins or staples, to which flexible cardboard is attached. Alternatively, the panels can be used during manufacture of the units are pressed and molded directly onto the flexible material.

As indicated above, the flexible means is preferably more corrugated Carton. It should be noted, however, that each flexible

Material that is strong enough to hold the insert units 40, 4l in the assembled state can be used. For example, cloth, metal tape, strong paper, fibrous Material or pressure-sensitive tape can be used. A reinforcing wire mesh can also be used as a flexible means and this is embedded in the plates 40,41. A metallic or other flexible band can also be embedded in the plates and act as a flexible medium. Further, the material can be cut away if it is not needed for reinforcement or to hold the panels in place will.

The panels 40, 41 are held by the flexible material and in the preferred embodiment on the cardboard layer 42 in such a way that the annular edges 40a and 4la of the panels are parallel. lel lie and a small space 45 remains free between two plates. This gap is such that the cartridge unit 23> folded by detecting its ends readily and the flexible material may be folded along a line in the space between the plates at an angle, the necessary i * t _a to the adjacent edges of the plates ^ in contact with each other «u

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bring. The arrangement of the plates 4o, 41 is made in such a way that "that the corners of the panels after folding the flexible material in such a way stand to each other that they form a hollow geometric figure. While the heating hood is being used for a casting process the insert unit 23, as indicated above, is inserted into the heating hood. More specifically, this is done by the deployment unit formed hollow geometric figure over the upturned warming hood set and pushed into their position until the edge 23a rests on the flange 12. As already described above, the potting, the refractory base ring 44, the scraper strips and clamps are in place and the heating hood is then ready for use,

In the embodiment shown, the corrugated cardboard backing layer 42 does not lie completely over the panel units 40, 41. One edge 50 of the backing layer 42 ends shortly before the adjacent edge of the panels 40, 41 of the ring 24 and also allows refractories to lie on top of one another at the joint between the plate and the ring. This supports the cooling of the metal at the butt joint, but the deposited layer 42 can also lie completely on the plate members 40, 41. Furthermore, the exothermic layer 48, if applied, can run completely over the inside of the ring 24. In such a construction, the refractory layer can cover the exothermic layer or the exothermic layer 47 can end just before the lower end of the pile layer 48 and on the upper end of the. Ring 24 sit in ümm provided there paragraph.

Ea se ^ pointed out that, since the central opening 22 of the heating hood is tapered, the insert unit 23, as shown in FIG. 3,

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when collapsed or in its flat state it is divided into segments and is somewhat arcuate and, when folded, assumes a trapezoidal shape. The plates 40, 41, however, are tapered in the shape of a wedge and the narrow end of the plates rests against the surface 12. The wedge-shaped tapering plates are necessary because the circumference of the central opening 22 changes over the length of the heating hood, the circumference on the flange 12 being smaller than the circumference on the ring 24. If the central opening of the heating hood were not conical but with parallel sides, the insert unit 2J would assume the shape of a rectangle in its flat state and form a right-angled polyhedron in the folded state. -

In this context it should be noted that any number of plates of the flexible material can be supported as it is the shape and dictates the size of the heating hood opening, although in the preferred one Execution eight plates are attached to the flexible material and form a complete heating hood lining. It will thought that less than the number of plates that form a complete heating hood lining on the flexible base are attached and that part of the lining is held in place by clips in the warming hood during the The remaining part of the lining is arranged in the heating hood. These Execution is particularly useful in the production of large heating hoods. The insert units described above can also be used can be used in several layers to form a complete lining. In such a case only the innermost Unit covered with exothermic material.

The use of corrugated cardboard as a flexible material offers

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■ special advantages. Because the corrugations are parallel to the edge of the inserts 40, 41, the folding of the box is simplified. Furthermore, the vertical corrugations enable the during Pour the Gfußblockes resulting gases, in this context also noted that the heating hood can also be provided with other vents through the upper puddle, which the Discharge gases to the atmosphere.

The corrugated cardboard also gives the insert unit a certain elasticity, the one correct fit in the warming hood even then ensures when the tolerances of the housing of the heating hood and the lining made of the bricks are tight. As the operational units further handled and transported stacked flat on top of each other, the corrugated cardboard layer forms between the Plates a pillow and reduces the risk of breakage. The box represents: further represents a reinforcement for the plates and makes the use of another reinforcement superfluous. In bigger or smaller timfang offers all of the flexible material mentioned above as well ge these advantages. '

In the preferred embodiment, the flexible material forms one iBacklegungsschleht that touches the lining 21. The flexible-.Ie Material could form a front layer, i. i.e., the flexible one Material could be placed on the exposed side of the insert unit will. Such a pail can be used for proper splitting Care must be taken so that between those facing each other Edge surfaces of the panels after splitting no gap free * remain. This can be achieved in that the gaps in the In-1 nere of the warming hood are folded, i

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In operation, the fireproof ones made up of the protective plates result Layers the necessary temperature drop or gradient between the temperature of the molten metal and the temperature to which the insulating lining is exposed, d. i.e. that the insulating lining made of refractory bricks is not exposed to a temperature above its target operating temperature. While the refractory layers of the plates in the embodiment shown, although relatively hard and self; are load-bearing, because of their relative thinness, they do not have enough mass to absorb large amounts of heat from the molten metal, which would be sufficient to noticeably cool the molten metal and significantly reduce the effectiveness of the heating hood. The refractory support layers of the preformed panels continue to hold the exothermic lining layers in the illustrated embodiment 48 from direct contact with the insulating lining and the latter is thereby exposed to the temperatures protected and not directly exposed to the temperatures generated by the exothermic layers if they are during The molten metal ignites the use of the heating mantle and thus increase the thermal effectiveness of the warming hood.

To date, the fireproof panels are used to protect the insulating Lining of a warming hood made of a material, which is similar to the high strength material of the refractory ring 24, it is sodium silicate bound sand, so that the plates have sufficient strength to avoid a risk of scalding during handling to a minimum. Such plates i have sometimes presented problems with the stripping of the heating hood of the cast block and cleaning the lining

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21 is concerned. The plates sometimes stay in the insulating lining stick or stick to the lost head of the cast block or both, so that they cannot be stripped off without damage.

Preferably the refractory layers 47 become the insert unit made of a material that, when exposed to temperatures'

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that becomes much weaker during the pouring of the molten Metal occur to form the cast block, so that the layer 47 can easily detach and the heating hood easily from removed from the cast block without damaging the insulating lining 21 can be and the lining 21 continues without further ado, can be cleaned before its next use. Different types of refractory materials that reduce their strength when exposed to during Losing temperatures occurring during casting can be used to produce the layer 47. For example, the layer 47 can be made from raw dolomite powder with a sodium silicate binder. Such a material formerly decomposes during the Casting process with sufficient weakening of the layer 47, utqdas Stripping off the warming hood and cleaning the lining 21 enable. A silica sand bound with a binder can also be used in accordance with the following composition:

Ingredients Approximate proportion in

Petroleum Coke (about X6 mesh or finer) 2-8

Zinc oxide about 1

Cane sugar 1-6

Sodium silicate solution 8-17

Silica sand 68-88

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The sodium silicate is the binder and the solution preferably has a specific gravity of about 1.39 and a Baume specific gravity of 40.6 °, the ratio of SiO ₂ to Na ₂ O preferably being approximately 3.25: 1. When using the preferred binder, the weight of the sodium silicate in the above formulation is about 30 % of the weight of the solution. Although different binder solutions can be used, the weight of the petroleum coke and sugar should be at least about equal to the combined weight of the Na ₂ O and SiOg of the binder, with the sugar and coke ratio according to the above recipe. The sugar and the coke are distributed in the binder between the sand particles and burn out, weakening the structure of the plates and making it possible; that the sand particles bound by the binder fall apart easily. Other combustibles, such as sawdust or other carbonaceous materials, can be used in place of coke.

Refractory materials, which become weaker when heated, tend to be relatively brittle and present problems with handling when moving from iÄen plates for use in warming hoods manufactures. The flexible means connecting the panels together also serves to reinforce the panels so that they can be transported during transport and handling have sufficient strength.

If a flexible backing layer, such as e.g. B. the corrugated cardboard layer 42, and has the high-strength refractory layer which The backing layer may have a tendency to stick to the lining 21 impregnated or coated with a material which acts as a barrier to prevent the layer from sticking

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- 47 forms on the lining 21. The deposit layer itself can form the barrier. E.g. B-. can the cardboard backing layer impregnated with a carbonaceous material which forms a barrier between the layer 47 and the lining 21.

It is evident that insert units are used in warming hoods where there are no insulating refractory bricks with a Auskleldungsschioht made of dense refractory material. and if they are thick enough, they can be used like a complete disposable warming hood with or without the exothermic coating will.

The refractory support layers 47 of the protective plates 40, 41 not only serve as a support ¥ β for the exothermic cover layers 48, but also form an effective heat buffer between the molten metal and the insulating lining and between the exothermic cover layers and the insulating lining consisting of the refractory bricks . The refractory support layers of the panels also protect the insulating lining from the melting effect caused by the reaction of the exothermic layers and thus extend the service life of the insulating lining. The use of the refractory support layers • in connection with the exothermic cover layers of the protective plates and the covering of the insulating lining with these plates * makes it possible to produce a warming hood of extremely low volume using a minimum amount of exothermic material,

** so that such a low volume heating hood at a minimum can be produced at cost.

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The protective plate inserts can, as they are prefabricated, in a factory equipped for such a production can be produced precisely and uniformly in terms of size and composition. The protective panel inserts can go further, as they are self-supporting and attached to a flexible material, with minimal Broken can be handled, transported, stored and used. The insert unit made from the pre-formed protective panels makes it easier furthermore, to a large extent, the destruction of the warming hoods for one Casting process compared to the known methods in which a protective lining is applied. This should be evident result from the above description. In particular, the panel insert unit enables multiple panels to be installed in a heating hood and thereby avoid the difficulties that arise when installing a plate in the heating hood the other plates must be kept in the heating hood at the same time.

Patent claims j.

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Claims (8)

Dr. tnjy. E, IJEftiCiNf € LP, PdUntonwett, COLOGNE, Universitotgstraße 31 "w ':' '- ~ -:. ■: - ■■■■■■' ■■■■ -.: -:.;. ■ ■■■: ". 145.817a ·, Anloe »- ~". '' ", ', File number ■■, - ;. zur Eii «ab« from September 14, 1963 VA, Named. Note, OGLEBAY NORTON COMPAllY,: '' ■ · -:. '■; ..- ■ · ■■ 1400 Hanna Building, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. F at en t a n, s ρ r ü c h e 1. Plate assembly for use in stalking one in one Permanent mold to be poured mass of molten metal in order to reduce the shrinkage of the metal in the mold during its solidification marriage, characterized in that a number of the plates (40, 41) are connected to form a unit, which is for the purpose of formation a hollow geometric figure can be bent. 2 »Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates (40, 41) are attached to a flexible member (42), wherein adjacent edges of the plates are generally parallel to one another and are spaced apart, so that the flexible Member (42) can be folded along a line in the space (45) of adjacent panels to reveal the adjacent edges Bring formation of the geometric figure to the mutual contact. 3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the Link (42) is a strip of corrugated cardboard. 4. Arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, daduroh marked that the unit has such dimensions that several units are required to form the complete hollow geometric figure. _ ₁₉ _ 80981 to 5. Arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each plate (40, 4l) has one layer exothermic material (48) and a layer of refractory material (47). 6. An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unit is insertable into a Wärmhaube which such, for example, comprises a metal casing and an insulating lining, a lining brick for the protection of the lining. 7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the flexible member has a release compound to facilitate removal of the Unity covered by the insulating outer layer. 8. Arrangement according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the unit covers only part of the insulating lining. . ORiGlMAL INSPECTED 809810/0976 '20 -