DE1410045A1 - Method and device for dry cleaning textiles - Google Patents

Description

BR. PRITZ WAL ¹ TEB _Λ , _{Λ ηη} . _

PATENT Attorney I * Μ U U H TELEPHONE KANZTEI SAMMEMiH ^{. 7815!} ATJG SB TTH G TELEPHONE PHITAT 300994 - TELEOH .: TECKNIKRAT ATTQSBTTRCl ·

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Sponsorship fan

Company Böhler & Weber K.CL, Augsburg

Method and apparatus zuia \ Chemieeh- _v clean textiles,

The invention relates to- * a method sum Che- / misQ. your cleaning ^ on textiles with the help of one in 'Sei TroBHoel eiceö negative pressure erseugeaden blower a '. Iai loading. special concerns the Srfinduög a ^ erfalire ^ i ,,: - uajt; äaB ' in dey Keiöigaagstroaael ^ entiialteae solutionmilt ^ t'rest " .less and on the fastest ■■ Jfege back-to-back trains inside and the Häinigangsgut.vor öögünstigen Eiaflassen gu läewöhretu

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In the case of solvent recovery, it has hitherto been customary to suck in the solvent-air mixture contained in the drum and pass it through a cooler, in which a part of the sucked-in mixture is supposed to condense, after which it does not condense heated vapors and are re-introduced into the drum "Es.hat been found in this case that approximately the first third of the recovery time of the maximum en solvent constituents, \ is for example 80 #" surückgeHonnen * the condensed water-solvent mixture passes here from the. Cool in a Water separator for separating water from the solvent. Furthermore, it has been shown that the not yet condensed solvent constituents, for example 2Q ^, can subsequently only be recovered slowly and hesitantly. The time required for this residual recovery is in a very favorable ratio an economical workflow for the entire cleaning machine , 80 i> of the solvent are obtained within the first third of the Riickgewinnungszeit, the recovery of the remaining ingredients required, for example, $ 20 more than double the aforementioned Rüekgewinnungseeitr * For the purposes of the invention it was recognized that it is beneficial _t the recovery of the circuit to break off the solvent after receipt of the solvent föxiiaums and to recover the not insignificant LÖ-suögsffiittel residues in another way, with the aim of the total recovery time borrowed substantially. shorten «■. ■

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In addition, the considerable heating of the air-solvent mixture that has hitherto been customary results. other notable drawbacks. On the one hand, when this heated mixture condenses, a great deal of condensation,... _r; According to textile fibers of the heat .eingebrachten an unfavorable thatch and VerfilEung _T which is why it is erstre- benswert ■ __, minor with possible. Temperatures, .. ,, when Ghemischreinigen τοη textiles ausssukoaoien. So far, however, this endeavor has inevitably been made . '' resulting extension of the Räckgeniantuigszeit more difficult _v . ■ Or, even made impossible. '. .

The invention is therefore based on the combined task of determining the solvent recovery time on the one hand, heblicb to shorten, on the other hand, achieve a maximum of solvent oil extraction and finally with possible .. lets low temperatures get by «These conditions contradict each other to a considerable extent, and it is therefore very surprising that with the help of a simple Procedure and a suitable arrangement all conditions .. ~ genes can be solved in an optimal way. . ;

The method according to the invention consists in _t that the air-solvent mixture located in the drum is submerged by means of a vacuum blower or a vacuum pump. dun & rlines strong vacuum and sucked through a cooler

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system, whereby the vapors not condensed in the cooler ... are fed to an activated carbon device in which the solvent residues are stored and, if necessary, during the execution of the other work phases (2 «, e.g. during the washing process). _{: to be} recovered.

An advantageous development of the invention driving consists in the fact that after the formation of the vacuum .... first a cycle is generated in which the air '. mixed after leaving the cooler via a heater, leads, whereupon the cycle is interrupted and the Drum is charged with fresh air. .

With this method, it still proves to be advantageous to stop the feeds after the cycle has ended • to continuously increase the amount of fresh air.

Numerous variants can be deduced from the above-mentioned teaching. In some cases there is the possibility of first creating the vacuum in the drum by means of an ibesOnderött high vacuum pump. lita condenser condenses and #er;. | © si © üf d.ie activated carbon gbtUhtt '^ iHv Then | a single-stage vacuum blower can be let in without fresh air in the drum. In one embodiment, a single

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multi-stage vacuum blower may be provided, which initially, Vacuum creates »whereupon the cycle becomes even. Heating of the drum is switched on and then the circuit is switched off and the fresh air is supplied. In this case, the circuit only needs to be provided with a small amount of mixture circulating.

When the method according to the invention is used, surprising effects and properties are thus obtained. On the one hand, the formation of a vacuum avoids the use of · .. higher operating temperatures. The textile material is thus spared · So that a complete dehydration does not occur, the fresh air is supplied. those in the previously known pure vacuum and. Heater-. machines are available, in addition, by means of «*, the activated carbon device stores the im ^! first third of the time due to the cooler not recoverable solvent components in favor of a considerable. Side shortening of the total recovery time, with the special effect that it is possible to obtain an optimal recovery amount of the solvent.

Suitable apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention is that in a Chemical-cleaning machines both by air supply

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supply line, drum, suction line, vacuum blower and Cooler formed cycle sys tesi as well as a through supply line, drum * suction line, vacuum blower, Cools and activated carbon device formed solvent recovery system are provided, which with "Help. at least one control element can be switched on and off

• That. Regulating member may according to the invention as Leitung-., Closure means, z, B ₀ flap may be formed that between in _£, the one position, the connection line between the condenser and activated carbon device uäd in the Andei * en position "... the connecting line Cooler and drum feed line closes or opens. This rule or- ^

. gan can thus both the formation of a vacuum and. . the regulation of a circuit as well as the fresh air supply through complete or partial closure, serve the Tromtael supply line »

Furthermore, it is recommended within the scope of the invention to provide the fresh air connection line, which can be completely or partially closed, in the area of the control element to the drum feed line and, if necessary, an air bit between it and the drum. ^x

In the context of the invention, it proves to be special advantageous, the activated charcoal reserve all one batch

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• to train in advance. So you can with each batch,. _{t can be} regenerated / According to the invention, the activated carbon device can be connected to an exhaust pipe and ..... with the help of a sealing agent ,, 2. B. flap * lockable /! which closes the exhaust line in the open position ■ '... ,,>

In any case, it is advisable to use the activated carbon device

via a connecting line to the water separator. · / '' - S

the cleaning series. connect so that the active;. ^ f-i coal cooler condensedν or during regeneration The solvent-water recovered from the activated carbon mix can be used again immediately. ;.;,

Man. So it has according to the method according to the invention and,. - ^■:....! \ The appropriate device in the hand LösungsmlW ... 'tune j telrüekgewInnung timed to achieve in every phase Ί einOpt {mm en Rückgewinfmngsiüteftsi did, ^"·, is Once in. the cleaning drum the desired "." is received vacuum occurs' first intensive Iiö * '■ -; sungsmittelrUckgewinnung by condensing the damping e .., _{...: t....} in the cooler, the case yet received permanent lösüngs-', medium Lüftgase immediately to the activated carbon device where the 'solvent components $ i. "' :. \; and the air escapes through an exhaust pipe. '

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Thus, the fabric contained in the cleaning drum drying out immediately and can not attack the fibers' ground _r fresh air is slowly led into the drum, - be swirled on the one hand still in the drum solvent and a _domestic; , Jensives air-solvent mixture is created and, on the other hand, a complete drying out of the textile due to the water content in the fresh air is avoided. The amount of fresh air supplied can be increased. In any case it is rented that the gaseous solution still leaving the cooler. medium-air mixture not reintroduced into the drum.

. will «In this way it is possible to blow all solvent residues out of the drum in the shortest possible time either to condense or to supply the active cooling device. As soon as a new phase of work is started,

• the activated carbon can now be regenerated »for what purpose steam is introduced into the activated carbon device, which condenses in the cooler of the activated carbon device ^ whereupon the condensate is transferred to the water separator is fed back into the cleaning system *

Within the meaning of the invention, there is also the possibility of to provide a ^ willings activated carbon device, the Aggregates alternately to the storage of the solvent residues and to the recovery of these solvent residues

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residues, d. h _e regeneration of activated carbon »switch-. are cash. . ··· '.

Finally, within the meaning of the invention, there is the possibility any cooler is connected to the yakuum fan. to be provided. It has proven to be particularly advantageous here proved to provide a spray device in the front chamber of the cooler, which leave the vacuum pump ^ de gaseous air-solvent-geiaisch intensely sprayed, so that the air flow already promotes condensation Undercooling of the gas mixture occurs. Furthermore becomes an enrichment taking place in the finest drop levels of the water mist with the solvent components. achieved *

Further details of the invention emerge from the ■ drawing «-In it the invention is schematic and *, for example shown. Show it-: .

Fig. 1: a natural side view of a chemical cleaning machine lait a spray device,

Fig. 2: a schematic side view of a twin " Act ivkohleiivorrieht uiig *

FIG. 3: a variant of the cleaning machine according to FIG. 1 using eices gosofelessnen ICühlersysteais and a special Hochviikuiumpuiiipe and

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Fig. 4: a the recoverable amount of solvent each Working diagram representing time units.

In Fig. 1, the drum 1 is purely schematic or _o the drum housing with the loading door 2 and a sight glass for checking the indicated Flottenstöndes. The drive motors (for washing and spinning) are also only indicated with the reference numerals 4 and 5.

The solvent recovery device consists on the one hand of the suction line 6 with the therein arranged lint catcher 7 * a multi-stage vacuum blower 8 "with drive motor 9 and the connected Cooler 12.

On the other hand, the drum feed line 28, which opens into the drum 1, is connected to the cooler 12. Within the cooler 12 Schotten-like walls 27 are provided, the idienen .. In the front chamber 12 ^y the Konäensiemng of the air-solvent vapor mixture of the cooler 12 is provided a spraying device 25 'with the aid of which the vacuum pump 8 leaving a mixture with water in the sense of known open cooling is sprayed.

10 -

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At the end of the cooler 12 there is the regulating element 15 * ... which in the upper dashed position the exhaust line 29 and in the lower position 15 'the inlet 32. ...

the drum feed line 28 completes. The exhaust gas line 29 is followed by a roof line ......

device 31, which can be closed by means of the further .Regelorganes 18 in _v the position 18 '. In this position, the vapors flowing through the exhaust line 29 can get into the activated carbon device 17, which can advantageously be preceded by a cooler 23 or from any point on this activated carbon device 17, a condensate line 22 leads to the water separator 14 of the cleaning machine, which in turn is connected by the connecting line 13 to the main cooler 12 of the cleaning machine.

In the area of the regulating element 15, the air supply line 30 opens into the drum supply line 28 “Dtfe Air supply line 30 can be closed and opened with the aid of the closing element 16.

The method of working with the cleaning machine according to the The embodiment according to FIG. 1 takes place in the following manner:

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It is recommended when starting solvent recovery adjust the control element 15 to the position {5 * and close the air supply line 30 by means of the flap 16. The advantageously multi-stage Vacuum blower 8 now sucks in the air-solvent mixture from the drum 1 through the suction line 6, with any fibers, fluids present in the lint catcher 7 <. ■ ■■■■ '

sen ο, other solid constituents are retained.

As a result of the closed line 28, a vacuum is formed in the drum 1. The sucked mixture passes into the front chamber 12 'of the radiator 12, in which the mixture is sprayed by means of spray means 25 Her with water. As a result, these water droplets adhere to the solvent in a finely distributed manner, and on the other hand, the sucked-in mixture is supercooled, which favors the confluence on the achotte-like partition walls 27. A considerable part of the sucked-in mixture condenses here, whereby the condensate can pass through line 15 into the water separator. The uncondensed mixture goes into the activated carbon device. The control element 15 can then be set to a middle position, whereby a cycle of the uncondensed mixture took place, because part of this mixture can now get back into the drum through the drum supply line 2 $ and the heater 11.

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The further the flap 15 into the position 15 ^! is brought »the more extensive the cycle and the more the drum is heated if a heater 11 is provided. To terminate the cycle, the flap is brought into the position 15 'and the uncondensed device is passed through the exhaust line 29 into the activated carbon device, the flap 18 being in the position 18' *. At this beginning tad ium, the air supply line 30 is still completely or almost completely closed. A strong vacuum is maintained in the drum 1. If a special cooler 23 is connected upstream of the activated carbon device 17, the mixture conveyed through the exhaust gas line 29 can be condensed again therein. The condensate passes through the line into the water separator 14 or into the connecting line 13. The residue of the solvent / air mixture that has not yet condensed is then fed into the activated carbon filling 19, in which the solvent components are retained. Pis released air passes through the connection 33 into the open air.

Now the throttle valve 16 is opened in the fresh air supply line, so that fresh air into the Troffl- * Ie11 can get * This fresh air can in the heater can be warmed up slightly. " On this? Jeise raird the complete drying out of what is in the drum 1 According to the vacuum, textile goods are avoided and it is

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In addition, a whirling of the in the drum 1 causes present solvent. While with the previously known cleaning machines a considerably long time Running time is required to degas a solvent the drum 1, it is possible within the meaning of the invention to expel all gas residues from the drum 1 within a very short time by further opening the air supply line 30 and either to condense them in the cooler 12 or to conduct them into the activated carbon device 17.

Instead of the single-batch activated carbon device 17 according to FIG Fig. 1 there is also the possibility of providing a larger, per se known activated carbon system, in which from several batches, e.g. B. from a day's work, obtained non-condensed solvent residues. · be guided. This system can then be regenerated during the night or during work breaks. However, if this larger activated coal plant is used, a larger starting day of the solvent will be required required, since not inconsiderable during working hours Stocks are temporarily lost to the work process through accumulation in the activated carbon.

In the sense of FIG. 2, it is also possible to use the activated carbon device 17 according to FIG. 1 with a twin system 17,17 ', of which each aggregate 17,17' has to be replaced

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be switched on seiweise solvent applicator sewing and regeneration * This regulation takes place durch.die closure flaps 18 and ^f 18, 24 whereas the valve of the evacuation of combustion gases above the roof serving. ,,

With the activated charcoal devices 17, 17 ′ according to FIGS. 1 and 2, there are also the steam supply nozzles 21 connected, through the steam when regenerating the active, coal 19 is passed through it.

Fig. 3 shows a variant of the cleaning machine according to FIG. 1 represents _t where it is assumed that instead of the spray 'cooling nozzle 25 of FIG. 1 is a so-called closed cooling with the aid of the radiator 10 is provided. Such closed cooling systems 10 are known, so that no special explanation is required. Otherwise it should be pointed out, that the function of the cleaning system according to FIG. 3 can be the same as in the description of FIG. 1.

In the example of FIG. 3, the arrangement of a special high vacuum pump 34 is also shown, which the solvent-air table through the means of the closure member 37 closable suction line 36 sucks in and conveys these via the supply line 35 into the cooler 12 High vacuum pump 34 has the task at the beginning of the

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Recovery work to first create a vacuum in the drum 1, the Hegelorgan 15 is in the position 15 * and the kiftβufführungeleitung 30 is closed, so no air can get into the Troestelzuföhrungsleitung 28, the mixture sucked in is then in the cooler 10 or » 1 with the external spray cooling 25 or some other cooling device is condensed to a large extent, the non-condensed constituent of the oil being able to reach the activated carbon device 17 via the exhaust line 29. As soon as the desired vacuum is reached in the drum 1, the high vacuum pump 34 is switched off and the single-stage vacuum blower 8 'is put into operation. Here, either by opening dee usually organ 15 a circulation can be achieved, or it can be 15 fresh air into the Trowne in closed Regelprgan! Supplying line led 28 are. As soon as the maxibus of the Lusungealttele has been recovered, fresh air is introduced into the Troufeel 1 in any case and the reeUione LÖeuBSöiittel blown out of the Tröoael 1 is condensed via the cooler 10 and bfcw. in oils Aktlvkohlevorriohtung 1? guided. In Ö lea ei case η I the control organ 15 eats the position 15 ¹ . '·. <:. '"''' ^: '·', ■■ · ■ ..

Jfif », 4 Hit dia Funktion e« the same recoverable loaungeuod of the time of return. Bs w ^ rd here

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A total recovery time of 20 minutes, for example, is assumed, and it can be seen that the maximum recoverable solvent amount is already reached at about 4 minutes recovery time. The recoverable solvent amount then decreases as the recovery time progresses. So that at least one tolerable loss arises in the recovery of the solvent, one has hitherto been forced to use the entire recovery time τοη 20 minutes, whereby it can be seen that only a slight recovery takes place approximately in the time range between 9 and 20 minutes. This uneconomical recovery time is lost to the working time with regard to the seed cleaning process.

In contrast, the invention uses only the normal Recovery approximately in the time range iron 0 to approx. 9 Minutes off, whereby the remaining Rüok recovery time is saved up to 20 minutes, because of the intensive flushing of the drum 1 with fresh air an intense and sudden reaction takes place, whereby the still profitable amount of solvent is promoted into the activated coal. There goes this Solution to the extent of the respective work batch lost, but it is immediately thrown back in the next batch.

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This diagram underscores the importance of the present. lowing invention, with the help of which it has become possible is to get by with significantly shorter total working hours, de it is now no longer necessary in Circulatory system the entire recoverable solvent to win back

• The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in the drawing, but it also includes numerous other variants that will become apparent to the average professional with knowledge of the disclosure according to the invention. For example, it is possible to provide an infrared irradiation device instead of the air heater 11 according to FIG. 1 or 3. Different tasks can be assigned to this device. If the flap 15 is in the position 15 *, the fresh air introduced through the line 30 can be heated. If the flap 15 is in the dashed or intermediate division, the circulating mixture can also be detected by the infrared radiator. Finally, there is the very advantageous possibility, with the flap 15 and the air duct 30 closed, during the formation of the vacuum, to heat the drum filling by direct radiation su in order to reduce the work of evaporation in the drum zii accelerate.

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Another advantageous variant of the invention can consist in providing a fine spray device in front of the closed cooler system 10 in the sense of FIG. 8 sucked-in mixture sprayed in the finest lever droplets. This causes intensive evaporation of the sprayed-in mist, with heat being extracted from the sucked-in mixture and condensation being brought about. By this erfindungsgemftße Vorkondensierung bit using a Feinstsprüheinrichtung Bird one hand increases the efficiency of the closed Kühlersysteias 10 and on the other hand a favorable moisture is air ersielt · Barüberhinaus succeeds, the water contained in the condenser of the sprayer 2ueufUhren and a Komteiieetipse-spray cycle old a considerable Wirkurjg su eritelett .

The arrangement of the ultra-fine spraying device in front of a closed cooling system is of fundamental importance for the invention, which is therefore dependent on the vacuum- generating device according to the principle .

Patent claims:

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Claims (17)

DR.FRITZWALTER PATENTANWALT «Τ / Λ Q Π / C TELEFON KANZLEI SA1C1CEL-NR.7815 AUGSBURG TELEFON PHIVAT 380884 TCHICHBPLATSgI * TELEGB .: TXCHKIKBAT AITOSBITRe date: γ. March 1959 ^ 88-127 im / mw (BITTX ZITI _Mbler_.A! Rather patent claims 1) Verabren sura Ghsiaischcleaning of textiles with help a blower generating a negative pressure in the drum, thereby g e k: e η η ζ e rejects that by means of of a vacuum blower that in the drum air solvent mixture to form a sucked in a strong vacuum and via a cooling system is conducted, whereby the iss cooler is sugeleit not condensed vapors of an activated carbon device, in which the residual solvent components are stored and, if necessary, during the implementation of the other work phases (e.g. during the washing process) be reclaimed " 2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the vacuum is formed, a circuit is first created, bßi which the air mixture is passed over a heater after leaving the cooler, whereupon the circuit is interrupted and the drum is charged with fresh air. BAO ORIGINAL 809812/0262 U H10045 3) Verfahrennnach claim 1, characterized in that after the end of the cycle the amount of fresh air supplied is continuously increased » 4) Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that in a CheMisehreittiguogSEiaschine both an air supply line (28), drum (1) _f suction line (6) _r vacuum blower (8) and cooler (12) formed KrsislawfBystem as well as an air supply line (28) _t drum (1) _f suction line (6), vacuum blower (8), cooler (12) and activated carbon device (17) is provided, which is provided with the help of at least one control element (15 ) öiiv- and. are switchable " 5) device according to jtaspfucb 4 _t thereby marked z δ χ ο h η et _r öaß the Hegolorgan (15) as a line Yerscblußoiittel, z. B. Slanpe, is trained _? of the in fler. einen'Stellung dia VarbincungDleitung (29) between Kühlör (12) and Aktivk ^ hlenvorrichtuiig (17) and opens in üer andsren position (15 ¹⁾ the Verbinctungsleitung (32) between the radiator (ί2) and TrommelsuführuTigsleitung (23)? eraöhließi hm ". II - 809812/0262 . H10045 6) device na oh ihiaprtich 5 »thereby gel n n draws, deß this Hegel organ both the. Formation of a vacuum as well as the ice regulation of a Circuit as well as the fresh air flow through fully complete or partial closure of a troial feed line (28) is used. 7) Device according to claim 5 or 4 _f, characterized in that the fully or partially versohließbar ^ fresh air connection line (30) opens into the Troiaiselsuführungsleitung (28) in the area of the Regelorgaas (15} and that optionally between it (30) and the drum. (1) an air heater (11) is provided « 8) Device according to claim 4 _: or the following, characterized in that the activated carbon fprrichtung (17) is designed as a single batch Yörrichtung. 9) device saach claim 4, characterized geke η η -. draws, that the Aktivkofele & Torriehtting (17) is connected to an exhaust pipe (29,31) and can be closed with the help of a closure arm (18), s _u B ₀ , flap, tlas in the opening stables (18 ¹ ) the exhaust pipe (29 , 31) closes. Ill - BATH ORIGINAL 809812/02 10) Device according to claim 4; thereby ge k e η η -. '.,' ζ e i e b η e t that the activated carbon device (17): a separate sensor (23) is connected ""; ;. 11) device according to. Claim 4. characterized in that the activated carbon device (1?) via a connection line (22) to doia Wasserab-. Scheider (14) connected to the Beiaigungsinasehine 12) Device according to claim 4 or the following _t gekenaze ί Dimei that a spray device (25) is provided in the front chamber (12 *) of the cooler (12) provided with bulkheads (27) is. · '■■■■. ■ -. ·. 13) Device according to claim 4 or folgendeni characterized _ geke η η ζ ei ο h η et _t that a 2®illiQgs ~ aktivkohlenvorriehtiiög (17, ■ is located 17 ') whose two: Aggregate weöhselseitig on I $ sungsiäittel aufnahise and Riickgesinsung sciiöltber are «, 14) Device according to claim 4 oäer following / characterized. geke η 'a 2e ich ir fe t _r ..that the Vaktiua In $ er''irofflßiel (1) in Bsgism ä & v Mckgewianubg can be generated by a particularly high vacuum volume. . . \ . 8Q9812 / 0262 ■ ν 15) Device according to claim 4 or the following, characterized marked that the heater (11) is replaced by an infrared swirl direction, their rays advantageously in the direction of the drum are adjustable. 16) device in particular according to claim 4 or fol- denied by the fact that the closed cooling system (10) a Feirateprüb-. , device is connected upstream, with the help of which the ongo-sucked genic is sprayed with the finest mist droplets, and the warning present in Genisch is dispensed with. 17) Device according to claim 16, characterized g e k e η η-K ei oh net that the easily heated Kondoneat of Fe ', nataprüheineinrichtung Buführbar iat in KUblayeten (10) obtainable. ν '.'. '.' · For patent attorney Dr. Walter: BWD ORIGINAL - V-809812/0262