DE1409904A1 - Method for creating excavations in water-bearing soil by means of a jacking shield - Google Patents

Description

Professor Dr Hans L05SKZ
Berlin-Char lotte nburg. 9

> j ens burner Allee 7

A ΐ B- Ή TA .U. ME, ID tJ Ή Q-

Method for producing outbreaks in a water-bearing 3rd kingdom by means of a yortriebsscnildes

The invention relates to a method for producing excavations in water-bearing soil by means of a propulsion shield.In tunnel and gallery construction, a method that has been known and proven for a long time is the excavation for the structures to be constructed in unstable rock by means of a propulsion shield, which in its front part contains a working chamber in which the soil is loosened by hand or by machine. Once a sufficiently large cavity has been created in the working chamber, the propulsion shield is pre-pressed by a corresponding amount. At the rear end of the shield, the resulting excavation is expanded with the respective advance dimensions. In water-bearing soil, the shield is usually driven forward using compressed air, which is introduced into the working chamber and displaces the water from this and the soil on the excavated face.

BADORIQINAL

80980:

When using compressed air, however, the execution of the work becomes considerably more complex and slower, since the working chamber is only accessible via pressure air clips that can be combined with those that are also necessary. Material lock - require special training and slow down operation. Depending on the working depth, very long sluicing pages can be required for people. In addition, the operation of compressed air on the one hand only up to certain working depth is permissible where the applicable operating pressure not ge3undheitssu ... _J .L.dlich is for working in! Lambs people. On the other hand, it requires a considerable amount of extra cover; the 3c_iild upper edge ax. Soil, so that compressed air is prevented from being blown out *

In msnj / ien cases the ochila propulsion ksnn in r / asserfLnrnd 3rdreich also under anr / endun-j a groundwater lowering that can be L-irted ^ But also the construction is because of the capacity of the pumps at beoti-'i-.ite largest Working depths are bound and can be very expensive.

The present idea is intended to create an experience that enables outbreaks for the dark, tunnels or similar structures in groundwater lowering in a simple ^{T "r} ei.ae and with great -jichei'-ness durchsufuhren ,, The irfindung goes to achieve this object, assuming that it is besannt in foundation, thixotropic liquids to stabilize and seal the soil

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to apply, if they aar oh their liquid pressure: and their film-like properties provide the earth and water pressure with the necessary resistance. Ihixotropic liquids are used both in the lowering of open and closed caissons, but also in the so-called -Schiita construction method. ^T ends, box which is important to permanently or temporarily stabilize a prismatic cavity in the ground, when the cavity z “B. is filled in by a supporting './and.

The present invention combines the use of thixotropic liquids with the well-known shield design in a novel and advantageous way and consists of the solution the stated task is that in the front end of the shield between the breakout face and a transverse wall of the shield constantly a cushion of t / iixo ± roper fluid is maintained and the soil on the breast with constant Secured by the thixotropic liquid under utilization the water pressure in front of the pillow, alone by self-flushing or assisted by before the thixotropic Liquid working devices dissolved and inserted through passages the thixotropic bubbles and the bulkhead in the unpressurized Shield space behind a transverse wall is promoted.

In a process with these characteristics, the floor and water pressure on the breast of the carrion constantly from the

I ^- thixotropic liquid and the transverse wall of the shield bounding the thixotropic cushion towards the rear, without - '

. 'that the latter is particularly strong and with a particularly dense -

SAD

98 03/04

Connection to the shield jacket would have to be formed the sealing effect of the thixotropan liquid with Avoided security. In addition, the shield jacket is in the • area of the thixotropic cushion is relieved of radial compressive forces, as these forces are relieved by the thixotropic Liquid to be absorbed. If the soil in question contains a lot of water and is rough, there is no need for any effort for loosening and conveying the soil into the pressureless Sehildraum, since according to the invention, the pressure before the thixotropic pillow was used for this purpose, the Erdreioh in * one or more pipelines that are at the deepest Place of the shield are to be arranged, flushed through this and into the pressureless tree of the Schiidee behind the transverse wall to promote. Such a funding agency also has several such tubes can preferably be in the transverse wall of the shield be longitudinally displaceable to the interface between Erdreioh and thixotropic fluids influence according to desire to be able to. The sealing of such a longitudinally displaceable mounting does not cause any difficulties, since it is with the greatest Security is taken over by the thixotropic liquid.

If necessary, however, the loosening of the soil can be supported by devices working in front of the thixotropic cushion, eg mechanical devices such as snails with a cutting head. Such devices can circulate in a conveyor pipe, • whereby they * are to be arranged * so that 2.B. the "Söhnei" ik © f> £ ntir i ** Eä * de and promotes water. In such an I ¹ SlIe can also ·

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809803/0499

U09904

.f like feel of using conveyor pipes for pure self. "Flushing - the thixotropic liquid can be used to undermine the delivery pipes within the thixotropic cushion in any position

Possibility of such a conveyor belt on the transverse wall of the shield articulated with an articulated connection to the pipe connecting to the rear, possibly also additionally to be longitudinally displaceable, for example in such a way that the front opening of a conveyor pipe or one attached to it Cutting head can be moved to form a dome-shaped discharge breast. Holds due to its great density the thixotropic liquid such a movable delivery pipe in every position, so that special supports for such pipes are not necessary. It is also not necessary to make the joints particularly strong or dense, because it is not loaded by the cantilevered delivery pipe and otherwise sealed by the thixotropic liquid - will.

The delivery pipes can be in the pressureless shield space behind the transverse wall must be provided with slides or similar closures for locking or opening.

The thixotropic liquid is made up of one or more Pipelines, which are preferably arranged at the upper edge of the transverse wall of the Sohildas, to form and. Maintenance pressed into the pillow. If by that solve and '' Removal of the earth through the conveyor pipe or pipes If enough space has been created for pre-pressing the shield, the pre-pressing takes place with the deduction of the

309803/0439

excess thixotropic liquid to a certain extent Minimum content of the pillow. For regulated supply and discharge the thixotropic liquid can use the pipes corresponding valves, slides or the like. Be provided.

The invention is based on the in the drawing Durohfünrungsform of the shown as an example. Procedure explained in more detail.

In the drawing show s

Fig. La, lb, lc, ld and la longitudinal sections on the outbreak breast,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the Yortriebssohild in enlarged schematic representation »and

Fig. 3 shows a cross section just behind the transverse wall of the Shield according to FIG. 2.

In Fig. La is the position of the shield 1 at the beginning of the Driving work can be seen. Bas soil 4 fills the. Shield space in front of the shield by a known "chest" formed transverse wall 12 fully. Around the deepest point this transverse wall is, as can also be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, a pipe 2 guided through the transverse wall 12, which as a conveying pipe for conveying the in shield 1 to dissolving soil is used. The Bobrleitung 2 is preferred guided longitudinally movable within certain limits in the transverse wall 12, so that they are out of position with their front end, for example according to Fig. La shifted to the position according to Fig. Id can be. Instead of the one pipeline 2, several such delivery lines can also be attached. At the top

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De'r edge transverse wall 12 is an ear line 3 arranged _s which serves for pressing thixotropic liquid in the shield space before the bulkhead 12th In the illustrated embodiment, the pipeline 3 "amM" serves to press back thixotropic liquid ass this tree into the pressureless shield space 13 when driving Tbzm. Pre-pressing the shield 1. For pressing back thixotropic liquid, however, a special pipe can also be arranged «Also, can dea? Liquid at the upper land of the transverse wall 12 as shown in Fig _t 3 indicated or at änderen parts of the transverse wall 3 meiirere Eonrleituaagen be mounted. " All pipelines 2 and 3 are provided with stop valves (not shown) for shutting off or releasing the pipes. »The working method with the jacking shield is as follows:.: .- ■ -

In the position of the SoMldas 1 NaOH Fig. La is begun to press thixotropic through the pipe 3 ELüssigkeit in the shield space before the bulkhead 12 "piping fluid fills gradually," the seam 6 in the in AEEN Fig.- Ib ₁ Ic and Id apparent manner, whereby at the same time the scary ice displaced by the thixotropic liquid, which is either self-flowing due to its water flow, or by means of special drilling in a feeder tube 2 or one or more other not shown drilling tools, or by the pressure of injected thixotropic liquid As a result of the overpressure prevailing in front of the thixotropic liquid, the pipelines 2! are pressed out into the unpressurized shield space 13. It can pass through here

809803/0499 BAD OftlGJNAL

Workers who work under normal printing conditions, i.e. without

further pumped or

can work at any overpressure , or / also be reloaded and transported away mechanically in other conveying directions. While the thixotropic liquid is being pressed in, it is blocked by a blocking plate 7 or the like fastened to the transverse wall 12 above the mouth of the raw pipe 2. prevented from penetrating into the pipe 2 open in front of the transverse wall 12.

The one in Pig. The state shown in lc, the space filled with thixotropic liquid 6 is as large * as it can become due to the earth's static conditions (slope line). the task of which is to prevent the thixotropic liquid from escaping from the space 6 of the shield 1 at the upper edge of the sole. This protective strip 5 is initially in the state according to FIG. 1a as a result of the pressing in of the sole close to its inner surface and is then pressed against the excavated face in the construction states according to FIG. Ib, Ic, etc. by the thixotropic liquid. In the next state it can be useful to extend the pipeline 2 a little further into the front shield space in order to slightly enlarge the space 6 below which is filled by the thixotropic liquid. This can be seen from Fig. Id, which represents the final stage of the excavation phase. If this phase is reached, the i

! Removal of soil from der.Rohrleitung 2 set by shutting off by means of a slide. The gate valve can be operated even in the earlier stages of construction who the order ·

809803/0499 BADORfGINAL

to avoid that more soil is removed than through. ' the 'line 3 is supplied to thixotropic liquid because the 'thixotropic liquid must always act with a small excess pressure compared to the hydrostatic pressure.

In Fig. Ie it is shown how the shield is now pre-pressed is, as a result of which the space filled with thixotropic liquid or the cushion occupying this space is made of thixotropic Liquid is reduced while the excess thixotropic liquid from your pillow, through pipe 3, further pipelines, if necessary, are withdrawn to the inside. But the pillow remains in the position shown in Flg. Ie evident The minimum size is always preserved and the breast always covered with thixotropic liquid, "so that it is covered by it is stabilized. After the installation of the » of stiffening rings or the expansion of the outbreak the pre-compression of the shield is preferred and the presses are brought back to the starting position the processes according to Fig. Ib to Id are repeated.

2 and 3 show a somewhat more precise representation of the shield in two sections and, in addition to the training already explained, still welded metal sheets 8 can be seen approximately in the middle of the shield 1, the task of which is to prevent the thixotropic liquid from forming the inner surface of the shield jacket penetrates transversely to its longitudinal axis, instead of exerting a surface pressure on the entire soil on the excavation chest and conveying it into the drainage line. In . ¹¹ Xg. 2 are also indicated a slide in the pipeline 2 and presses IO, which the

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Effect the propulsion of the shield. Furthermore, from i ^? ig. 2 the last installed stiffening ring ersiohtlioh, which is called Diit 11.

In the method according to the invention, the soil, water and pressure conditions can be used. Advancing determined by raechßnisoh acting probes or by application of geophysical methods or by density measurements by means of radioactive isotopes, and in particular the bridge and the iienge aer the cushion-forming thixotropic fluid to be adapted to the respective conditions due to the LJeßergebnisse the operations and.

Jt ^ ater> t requirements:

809803 / 0Ü9S

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

Pa t ent claims; 1. Process for producing outbreaks in water-bearing Soil by means of a jacking shield, thereby characterized that in the front Scliildenäe between the Outbreak boast and one in itself! 'Shield formed a cushion of thixotropic liquid and is maintained and the soil at the breakout parapet with constant backup or stabilization by the thixotropic liquid taking advantage of the front of the pillow The prevailing water pressure is solved solely by self-rinsing or supported by tools working in front of the pillow and through closable passages in the cushion and the bulkhead is conveyed into the pressureless shield space behind the transverse wall. · 2.. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cushion of thixotropic liquid when at a standstill Shield according to the pre-pressing that takes place in sections of the shield by pressing thixotropic liquid in one corresponding to the respective pre-pressing dimension of the "shield" Amount increased, while the respective displaced soil through the passages of the cushion and the transverse wall of the shield removed and then the shield by pressing back 809803/0499 "- 12 - the excess thixotropic liquid is driven into the pressureless tree behind the transverse wall by the pre-pressing dimension. 3. The method according to claim l, or 2, characterized., that the cushion of thixotropic liquid is constantly under a slight overpressure compared to the hydrostatic pressure is held. 4o method .near one of claims 1 to 3 »characterized in that that the leakage of thixotropic liquid from the pillow in the upper area of the Schildschnä.ide and thus Breaks in the soil through flexible or rigid protective strips is prevented, which are taken by this during the respective pre-pressing "of the shield" and when Loosening and conveying away Brdreich to die'ausbruehsbösohung hang up. · 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in, that the respective shape of the Brdwandung on the excavation face, the respective ¥ ¥ orttriebszahl of the shield and the pressure and the amount of the thixotropic liquid forming the cushion are determined from measurement results obtained by. the propulsion of mechanically acting probes or geo- * physical way or by density measurement using radioactive Isotopes are obtained. · 809803/0499 • - - 13 - 6. propulsion shield aur performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that. that he knew someone in himself, had crossed a wall through the z. B. formed breast shield (12) on v / eist / at its deepest Place one or more lockable pipelines (2), as conveyor tubes for the removal of in front of the breastplate (12) loosened soil are formed, and on its '' One or more lockable pipelines in the upper hand area (3) for injecting thixotropic liquid • in the shield space (6) in front of the; Breast shield (12) through this are passed through " 7, "Driving shield according to claim 6, as characterized by, that the or the i ^'1 örderrohre (2) are longitudinally displaceably mounted in -the shield (12y. 8β propulsion shield according to claim 6 or 7, characterized characterized in that the conveyor tube or tubes (2) with their from the breastplate (12) protruding forward part are pivotably mounted on the breastplate. 9.. . 'Denotes 6 to 8, characterized ge that one or more devices for detaching and optionally conveying away are arranged on the ground at the breast ₌ schil.d (12) of' Driving shield according to one of claims the unpressurized Sohildräum made operable. ·. 809803/0499 ΙΟ. Propulsion shield according to Claim 9, characterized that the device or devices for loosening soil on the breastplate (12) are pivotable and are arranged in a longitudinally displaceable manner, 11 »Driving shield according to claim 9 or 1C, characterized indicates that the devices for loosening Brdreich with her at; Operation of the shield in a cushion created and maintained in front of the breast shield from thixotropic "liquid lying part in protective tubes are arranged. 12o. Driving shield according to claim 11, characterized in that the protective tubes are formed by the Fördorrohre (2) ₀ 13e Driving shield according to claim 12, characterized in that in each protecting tube a i ^l or the screw is arranged which carries a cutting head at its front end. 14o propulsion shield according to one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that on the upper cutting edge of the shield a flexible or rigid protective strip (5) or several such protective strips are attached, following the breast shield (12) are directed and can be folded up and down on the shield (1) are attached. The PatJHitapwalt: 0 3/0 ^ 9 ^ - ,,.
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