DE1281465B - Process for removing unwanted accompanying elements from metals and alloys - Google Patents
Process for removing unwanted accompanying elements from metals and alloysInfo
- Publication number
- DE1281465B DE1281465B DEN28202A DEN0028202A DE1281465B DE 1281465 B DE1281465 B DE 1281465B DE N28202 A DEN28202 A DE N28202A DE N0028202 A DEN0028202 A DE N0028202A DE 1281465 B DE1281465 B DE 1281465B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- inert gas
- metal
- oxygen
- steel
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Entfernung unerwünschter Begleitelemente aus Metallen und Legierungen und basiert auf dem bekannten Verfahren zur Entgasung von Metallschmelzen. Das in der britischen Patentschrift 772 515 beschriebene Verfahren umfaßt das Blasen eines oder mehrerer Gasstrahlen eines nicht reaktionsfähigen Gases auf die Oberfläche des geschmolzenen Metalls; dabei wirkt das nicht reaktionsfähige Gas wie ein Vakuum für die in der Schmelze gelösten Gase.The present invention relates to a method for removing undesirable ones Accompanying elements made of metals and alloys and based on the known process for degassing metal melts. That described in British Patent 772,515 The method comprises blowing one or more jets of gas of a non-reactive one Gas on the surface of the molten metal; the unreactive is at work here Gas like a vacuum for the gases dissolved in the melt.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, welches aus dem Metall unerwünschte Gase, wie beispielsweise Wasserstoff, und bestimmte andere unerwünschte Elemente, wie etwa Blei, Arsen, Molybdän, Zinn, Zink und Antimon, entfernt. Insbesondere soll die vorliegende Erfindung ein Reinigungsverfahren für nichtrostenden Stahl schaffen, welches eine Verringerung seines Molybdängehaltes erlaubt.The object of the invention is to provide a method which from the metal unwanted gases, such as hydrogen, and certain other unwanted elements such as lead, arsenic, molybdenum, tin, zinc and antimony, removed. In particular, the present invention is intended to provide a cleaning method for Create stainless steel, which reduces its molybdenum content permitted.
Es wurde nunmehr überraschend gefunden, daß eine bessere Reinigungswirkung erhalten werden kann, wenn ein inertes Gas auf das Metall nicht nur dann, wenn letzteres in geschmolzenem Zustand vorliegt, sondern auch während seiner Erwärmung in festem Zustand geblasen wird.It has now surprisingly been found that a better cleaning effect can be obtained when an inert gas is applied to the metal not only when the latter exists in the molten state, but also in solid during its heating State is blown.
Das Verfahren umfaßt nach der Erfindung ein Erhitzen eines Metalls oder einer Legierung bis auf seinen Schmelzpunkt, Blasen eines Strahles eines inerten Gases, dem 0,005 bis 10 Volumprozent Sauerstoff zugesetzt sind, auf das feste Metall während seiner Erwärmung. Weitererhitzen des Metalls, bis es geschmolzen ist, und Blasen eines Strahles eines inerten Gases ohne Sauerstoffzusatz auf die Oberfläche der Schmelze.According to the invention, the method comprises heating a metal or an alloy down to its melting point, blowing a jet of an inert one Gas to which 0.005 to 10 percent by volume of oxygen are added to the solid metal during its warming. Continue heating the metal until it has melted and Blowing a jet of an inert gas with no added oxygen onto the surface the melt.
Als inertes Gas soll eines der Gase der Gruppe 0 des Periodensystems der Elemente oder ein Gemisch solcher Gase sein. Bevorzugt wird Argon verwendet.The inert gas should be one of the gases in group 0 of the periodic table of the elements or a mixture of such gases. Argon is preferably used.
Der Sauerstoffgehalt des inerten Gases soll 0,005 bis 10 Volumprozent 0,5 bis 10 Volumprozent, betragen. Vorzugsweise soll mit dem Blasen des inerten Gases auf das feste Metall schon bei Raumtemperatur begonnen werden.The oxygen content of the inert gas should be 0.005 to 10 percent by volume 0.5 to 10 percent by volume. Preferably, with the blowing of the inert Gas can be started on the solid metal at room temperature.
Das Metall kann kontinuierlich bis zu seinem Schmelzpunkt erhitzt werden. Jedoch kann es vorteilhaft sein, das Metall diskontinuierlich zu erhitzen, nämlich es bei einer Temperatur zu halten, bei welcher gewisse Verunreinigungen das Metall verlassen.The metal can be heated continuously up to its melting point will. However, it can be advantageous to heat the metal discontinuously, namely to keep it at a temperature at which certain impurities leave the metal.
Wenn das Metall zu schmelzen beginnt, wird es vorgezogen, die Sauerstoffzufuhr abzuschalten, so daß mit reinem inertem Gas geblasen wird. Falls jedoch eine Entkohlung erwünscht ist, kann das fortgesetzte Blasen auch mit einem Gemisch von inertem Gas und Sauerstoff durchgeführt werden. Ebenso ist es möglich, das inerte Gas in einem kontinuierlichen Strahl auf das geschmolzene Metall zu blasen und hin und wieder dem inerten Gas einen geringen Prozentgehalt Sauerstoff zuzugeben. Der Blaseprozeß mit dem inerten Gas wird fortgesetzt, bis der Prozentgehalt an gasförmigen Verunreinigungen in dem Metall den erwünschten niedrigen Wert erreicht hat.When the metal begins to melt, it is preferred to leave the oxygen supply turn off, so that it is blown with pure inert gas. If, however, a decarburization If desired, the continued blowing can also be performed with a mixture of inert gas and oxygen. It is also possible to use the inert gas in one continuous jet to blow on the molten metal and every now and then add a small percentage of oxygen to the inert gas. The blowing process the inert gas is continued until the percentage of gaseous impurities in which metal has reached the desired low level.
Soll dem Metall ein festes Material, beispielsweise ein Legierungsbestandteil, zugegeben werden, so kann dieses feste Material in Form von feinem Pulver in den Strahl des inerten Gases gegeben werden.Should the metal be a solid material, for example an alloy component, be added, this solid material can be added to the in the form of fine powder Beam of the inert gas are given.
Beispiel Das Beispiel betrifft das Umschmelzen eines nichtrostenden
Stahles bei gleichzeitiger Vermischung seines Molybdän- und Gasgehaltes. Der Ausgangswerkstoff
hatte folgende Zusammensetzung:
Der vom Stahl abgegebene Rauch wurde kondensiert und bildete nadelförmige Mo 03-Kristalle. Diese Tatsache zeigt, daß der wahrscheinliche Vergütungsmechanismus des festen Stahles folgender ist: Die an der Oberfläche des festen Stahles gelegenen Molybdänatome werden durch den Sauerstoff in dem inerten Gas zu Mo 03 oxydiert. Das Oxyd verdampft und wird von der Stahloberfläche durch das heftig auf die Oberfläche des Stahles geblasene inerte Gas entfernt. Auf diese Weise wird zwischen dem Molybdän in der Oberflächenschicht des Stahles und dem Innern des Stahles ein Konzentrationsgradient geschaffen. Dieser bewirkt eine Diffusion von weiteren Molybdänatomen zur Stahloberfläche, wo sie ebenfalls oxydiert und in der beschriebenen Weise vom Stahl entfernt werden.The smoke given off by the steel was condensed to form needle-shaped ones Mo 03 crystals. This fact shows that the likely remuneration mechanism of solid steel is as follows: Those located on the surface of solid steel Molybdenum atoms are oxidized to Mo 03 by the oxygen in the inert gas. The oxide evaporates and is applied from the steel surface by violently onto the surface the steel blown inert gas is removed. This way, between the molybdenum a concentration gradient in the surface layer of the steel and in the interior of the steel created. This causes a diffusion of further molybdenum atoms to the steel surface, where they are also oxidized and removed from the steel in the manner described.
Es muß hervorgehoben werden, daß Molybdän nicht in entsprechender Weise aus geschmolzenem Stahl entfernt werden kann.It must be emphasized that molybdenum is not in appropriate Way can be removed from molten steel.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE359865 | 1965-03-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1281465B true DE1281465B (en) | 1969-05-29 |
Family
ID=20262454
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEN28202A Pending DE1281465B (en) | 1965-03-19 | 1966-03-14 | Process for removing unwanted accompanying elements from metals and alloys |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3468657A (en) |
AT (1) | AT296360B (en) |
BE (1) | BE678013A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1281465B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1137092A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0203695A1 (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-12-03 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation | Method for refining molten metal bath to control nitrogen |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1916945C3 (en) * | 1969-04-02 | 1980-04-17 | Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshuette Mbh, 8458 Sulzbach-Rosenberg | Use of the jacket gas process for refining pig iron to steel |
US3769000A (en) * | 1971-10-04 | 1973-10-30 | Steel Corp | Method for operating basic oxygen steel processes with the introduction of carbon dioxide |
DE3617303A1 (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1987-11-26 | Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg | METHOD FOR MELTING AND DEGASSING PIECE MATERIAL |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB772515A (en) * | 1953-12-18 | 1957-04-17 | Nyby Bruk Ab | A method for the manufacture of metals and alloys free from undesired gases |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2826489A (en) * | 1953-12-18 | 1958-03-11 | Nyby Bruk Ab | Method for the manufacture of gas-pure metals and alloys |
US3307937A (en) * | 1964-04-28 | 1967-03-07 | Nyby Bruk Ab | Method when degassing carboncontaining metal melts |
-
1966
- 1966-03-14 DE DEN28202A patent/DE1281465B/en active Pending
- 1966-03-16 US US3468657D patent/US3468657A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-03-17 GB GB1188466A patent/GB1137092A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-03-17 AT AT256466A patent/AT296360B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-03-17 BE BE678013D patent/BE678013A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB772515A (en) * | 1953-12-18 | 1957-04-17 | Nyby Bruk Ab | A method for the manufacture of metals and alloys free from undesired gases |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0203695A1 (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-12-03 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation | Method for refining molten metal bath to control nitrogen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT296360B (en) | 1972-02-10 |
BE678013A (en) | 1966-09-01 |
GB1137092A (en) | 1968-12-18 |
US3468657A (en) | 1969-09-23 |
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