DE127492C

DE127492C -

Info

Publication number: DE127492C
Application number: DE1900127492D
Authority: DE
Priority date: 1900-03-01
Filing date: 1900-03-01
Publication date: 1902-02-05

Description

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KAISERLICHES PATENTAMT.IMPERIAL PATENT OFFICE.

KLASSE 23 a. 0 CLASS 23 a. 0

Vorliegendes Verfahren betrifft die Reinigung animalischer und vegetabilischer Fette, wobei eine grofse Ersparnifs an Dampf und ein viel, besseres Product hinsichtlich seines Geschmackes und Geruches erzielt wird.The present method relates to the purification of animal and vegetable fats, whereby a great saving in steam, and a much better product as to its taste and smell is achieved.

Dasselbe beruht auf dem schon in anderen Industriezweigen, z. B. in der Brennerei, in der Zuckerindustrie u. s. w. angewendeten. Principder systematischen Erschöpfung.The same is based on that already in other branches of industry, e.g. B. in the distillery, in the Sugar industry and so on. Principle of systematic exhaustion.

Nach dem vorliegenden Verfahren werden Fettkörper, OeIe und besonders der Oelextract aus Kokosnüssen mittelst Dampfes behandelt, welchen man auf die in einer Reihe von Be-■ haltern' oder Abtheilungen befindlichen Fettkörpur systematisch derart einwirken läfst, dafs derselbe bei seinem Eintritt in den Reinigungs-. apparat zunächst mit den von Verunreinigungen fast befreiten Fetten oder Oelen in Berührung kommt, worauf er weiter immer weniger gereinigte. Füllkörper durchströmt, bis er vor seinem Austritt·, aus dem Reinigungsapparat mit noch gänzlich unbchandellen Fettkörpern zusammentrifft. According to the present method, fatty bodies, oils and especially the oil extract from coconuts treated by means of steam, which can be applied in a number of ways systematically so that the fat bodies contained in the body or in the sections are allowed to act in such a way that the same when entering the purification. apparatus first with that of impurities almost freed fats or oils comes into contact, whereupon he cleaned less and less. The filling material flows through it until it exits the cleaning apparatus still completely unbchandellen fat bodies meet.

Der Apparat,- welcher zur Ausführung des vorliegenden Verfahrens' dient, kann vorzugsweise in zwei verschiedenen Anordnungen Verwendung rinden, je nachdem die Abtheilungen über einander, wie in einer Destillirsäule, oder neben einander, wie bei einer Dilfusionsbatterie liegen. '■ : . ^: .' : ; 'The apparatus, which is used to carry out the present process, can preferably be used in two different arrangements, depending on whether the sections are above one another, as in a distillation column, or next to one another, as in a dilfusion battery. '■:. ^: . ':;'

.. An Hand . der auf beiliegender Zeichnung dargestellten Apparate wird das Verfahren näher erläutert. ..'··■■■'■ ■.:'...'·■'■ :·;. ■ . ' .. Based . the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawing, the process is explained in more detail. .. '·· ■■■' ■ ■.: '...' · ■ '■: · ;. ■. '

Fig. ι ist ein verticaler Durchschnitt des ganzen 'Apparates, erster Art. .Fig. Ι is a vertical average of the whole 'apparatus, of the first kind.

Fig. 2 ist ein Schnitt des unteren. Theiles desselben in vergröfserlem Mafsstabe. . '.·.''Fig. 2 is a section of the lower one. Part of it on a larger scale. . '. ·.' '

Ein derartiger Apparat erhält zweckmäfsig die Form einer Säule, welche eine Reihe von : über einander gesetzten Aufsätzen oder Ab-. theilungen enthält; in jeder dieser Abtheilungen befindet sich eine Haube oder Kappe mit breitem, durchlöchertem Rand für das Durch- . schnattern des Dampfes durch das OeI oder dergl. Ein centrales Rohr führt unter der Haube jeder Abtheilung den Dampf hinweg, welcher in der vorhergehenden gewirkt hat. Dieser Dampf streicht demgemäfs von einer Abtheilung zur anderen und durch das OeI hindurch, dessen Niveau in jeder Abtheilung die geeignete Höhe erreicht, welche ungefähr 25 cm beträgt. . . ,Such an apparatus expediently takes the form of a column, which contains a series of: on top of each other set essays or ab-. contains divisions; in each of these departments there is a hood or cap with a wide, perforated edge for the passage. chattering of the steam through the oil or the like. A central pipe leads under the Cover away from each section the steam which has acted in the previous one. This steam accordingly passes from one section to another and through the oil through, the level of which in each division reaches the appropriate height, which approximately 25 cm. . . ,

Die Säule besteht aus einer Reihe von Ringen a oder dergl., welche alle einen unteren Kranz b und einen oberen Kranz c in Form einer Winkelschiene besitzen, zum Zweck, die Ver-. bindung der verschiedenen Theile mit.einander durch Verbolzen zu bewirken.The column consists of a number of rings a or the like. All of which have a lower ring b and an upper ring c in the form of an angle rail, for the purpose of ver. to bind the various parts to one another by bolting them.

Jeder Theil α besitzt aufserdem in der Mitte seiner Höhe eine kleine, innere Winkelschiene d. Each part α also has a small, inner angle rail d in the middle of its height .

Die, Zwischenplatten e, welche die .Abtheilungen bilden, sind mit ihren Rändern' zwischen die Winkelschienen zweier auf einander liegender Theile eingeklemmt; die ahn-· liehen Zwischenplatten f liegen auf den inneren Winkelschienen d. : . . .,The "intermediate plates" which form the "divisions" are clamped with their edges between the angle rails of two parts lying on top of one another; the similar intermediate plates f lie on the inner angle rails d. :. . .,

Alle Zwischenplatten . e . und f . haben ini Mittelpunkt eine . Oeffnung ff, welche einen_: Rohrstutzen /2 tragen. . ■· ; ■ . '■■':. •■Platte und Rohrstutzen sind mit einem hui-:, förmigen Theil 2 überdacht, an dessen unteremAll intermediate plates. e . and f. have ini center one. Opening ff, which _{carry a:} pipe socket / 2. . ■ ·; ■. '■■' :. The plate and pipe socket are roofed over with a hui- :, shaped part 2, on the lower part of which

Claims

Part of a wider margin of a few centimeters is supported on the corresponding plate is attached · j. A sufficient space for the circulation of the steam is left between the pipe socket h and the vertical wall of the hood ζ, which will be explained later. The edges ^ 'are also provided with a certain number of holes.

On the top of the column tower is a cone-shaped roof 'is attached, a drip tray is in the interior of which at a distance m, and on addition to a discharge pipe, "or the like is provided..

In each section of the apparatus a / steam coil ο is to be used to heat the acting material, arranged; also mediate the connection between two neighboring ones Sections of ascending pipes _p, their upper Part reaches up to the level of the oil in the section above, and which open close to the bottom of the division above.

The oil now enters the apparatus through tube r and fills the uppermost division up to the level of the upper edge of the ascending pipe p, which leads it to the division immediately below, which fills in the same way, and so on to .to the lowest section on which the outlet cock s and the steam inlet pipe t opening into the hood i are attached. The vapor introduced into the lower part of the apparatus flows under the hood i and the rim j, passes through its holes k ^1, and rattles through the liquid in this compartment. It then escapes through the pipe socket /; the intermediate platey, distributed between h and i, flows under the perforated edge k and forces its way through the liquid of the division above. Thus the steam flows step by step from section to section, gradually coming into contact with less purified material, since it acts in the opposite direction to this. The raw material in the upper part of the, apparatus with the steam, which already in the underlying ^1. Departments .. has acted, comes into contact, becomes. so cleaned in a systematic way, in that it is freed from impurities more and more according to the measure as it flows down, since it hits less and less steam laden with impurities, to finally flow out of the apparatus below, completely purified. ....

The following is the process of using one in the sugar industry common diffusion battery comes into operation, are described. 'Fig. 3 shows a vertical section.

. Fig. 4 eine Aufsicht eines derartigen Apparates. .■'.■■■ '.'■■..'■':■ . Fig. 4 is a plan view of such an apparatus. . ■ '. ■■■ '. '■■ ..' ■ ': ■

It consists of several containers i, 2, 3, 4, ... 8, which are arranged in a circle on a horizontal surface.

Each of these contains a hat-shaped one. Insert 11, which is provided with a perforated edge, for the purpose of allowing the steam to chatter through the oil barren fat. A circular steam pipe iv, wel- ', chemical steam of any origin through the ^: valve χ is supplied with valves ^,> corresponding to the containers 1 to 8;

A Ablropfvorrichtung \ and a check valve 9 located at the upper part of each container. . '■■■. . ; ■

The shut-off valves 9 allow the. Steam either upwards through tube 10: to be conducted, or into a tube 11 which leads into the insert u of the following container. ,

Middle heating coils 12, soak on: Pipe 13 or the like. Are connected, you can heat the substance to be treated.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

When the containers have been filled to a suitable height, the steam 'valve', for example of container 1, is opened by closing all other analogue valves; the upper valve 9 of the last container is then placed in such a way that the inside thereof is in communication with the pipe ro, that is, with the air. stands; all other valves 9 are provided to the vapor DAF into the corresponding tubes _11,: can therefore occur in the remaining container. ,;

The steam which enters the steam pipe iv at χ then flows through the pipe 14 under the insert ti of the container 1, chatters through the oil or the like. And flows through. the upper valve 9 of this container and pipe 11 into the container 2 and so on until it exits through the exhaust pipe 10 of the last container.

When the operation in the container 1 is finished, the same is switched off by if the steam inlet valve K is closed, it is emptied him and refills him with crude oil .; or the like. Then you switch the same again by connecting it to the container 8 by means of the upper valve 9 of the latter and with the air so that the. Steam can escape. Then you open Valve 'j' of the second container. This latter becomes the first of the battery, while the first container becomes the last and so on.

Godfather τ-Α ν saying:

Process for the purification of animal or vegetable fats and oils, in particular of coconut oil, by treatment with steam, characterized in that the Steam on them in a number of containers

fats and oils contained or divided into sections ■ Acts systematically in such a way that the steam, when it enters the cleaning apparatus, initially coincides with that of impurities almost freed fats and oils comes into contact, whereupon he continues to less and less: Purified fat body flows through it until it is in front its exit from the cleaning apparatus meets with still completely untreated fatty bodies. ... ■ "...-... ■; ■ · ■■. C ■. · ..;. ■■ ·. ·" ... ■■. '. ■;

For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.