DE1208266B - Process for operating a mining facility, in particular for underground mining, and facility for carrying out the process - Google Patents

Description

Process for the operation of an extraction facility, in particular for underground mining, and the facility for carrying out the process There are profit facilities known at which ertlanc of an endless conveyor, especially its double chain scraper conveyor, vain extraction device approximately parallel to the coal face means of a #endlclsen ZuR-song is moved back and forth. Eei d @ .rrtiien extraction facilities it is in common in all directions .. the extraction device, e.g. B. a cabbage lobster at a constant speed in both; n directives to support sponsors. Different loading of the conveying del'wv5 u @ ld greed dirseili downstream funding so- # vi --- c '# alait a different one per unit of time F: isclerlwistuna; on, .geil the difference speed zvAschen the conveyor chain and the extraction ricit @@ il @ r! -: ci Ascent and descent, ie towards and in Direction of conveyance, is very different and that in same time unit from the winch device £ -, Coal also dissolved in correspondingly different ways Sections of the endless conveyor is distributed. According to the invention, this disadvantage becomes Operation of such extraction facilities thereby --ci'inieden that for securing a constant Austra-s of the promoter and vain stalwart Total energy requirements of the sponsor and the wiililuliysvorriclitting both in and against the Conveying direction the profit supply line in conveying the direction slower than the direction of the funding does: g is moved while the speed of the F oil 1-d er12is with C win-d nan-st # is larger than in the case of contrary to the funding direction- do - be #. @ - egter extraction device sized is, iildeln in the energy supply lines for diV ° drive motors of the extraction device and of the conveyor hydraulically, electrically or pneumatically table working control devices switched on are the ones that are fed to the drive motors Etl4.r; ie in activity of the direction of march of the C'.S@`innl.ngS: Grr'1clli @ llg rules. That way #vlrd eiiers.-it, an iri essential constant energy = ": ec :: <'_''c'. of the entire entire T ei`II @ T'# bedal # f @ establishment achieved, the all-drive there always i_YGt # _ ~: r`en@l'l=.r die ewinnungs @ -orrichtling and the Conveyor takes place there, that ß clcm drive unit for when they touch a a15 dem of v @ ir :? «- while delle Alttrieb for the sponsor `when the caught all `Te#@eniiiT.cr whose journey up the mountain giemenge to Verfüaum stands. Vain zwec '@ ln =: re E211rtcllttllig zur According to the invention, part of the process is successful in elem hydrostatic drive with two rear interconnected drive motors for the conveyor and the extraction device and a common pump, whereby a control device of these h-lotoren depending on the working position of the extraction device is connected to the supply lines to the drive motors. Here, the two piston sides of two steep cylinders can be connected to a pressure medium line via a four-way valve controlled by limit switches of the extraction device, whereby their pistons, which can be acted upon on both sides, are connected to regulating elements of the drive motors in the sense of a quick change in the displacement of these motors. The upright cylinder assigned to the drive motor of the mining machine expediently changes its rotation at the same time as the stroke volume changes. Gellt ß in a wide - n feature edge provided be, by actuating one of the pressure medium leitit_n @ Sti @ LSCI? .l $ etsn Weaevelltils züm'ndest der Ai @ tria: _ _lot @ r fi-i- den Föl # d, 2i-er can be switched off or on @ 12_ gegenyesetzt Dr @, 2ilsix n is switchable. Hi: .r- dluc h becomes c, - eich--. that the v @ ecliselseitioe Geschwit- Cl_ yl @ elt = _ '° _ @ elliltQ on conveyor lmd extraction cable - Cooling done with a single pump vle __. = i2 @@ ia @ iüwelclie die gear_tt- Lersttal? g for for- cierer and @ .e @ 'i? la_ingsniltl'clir_l> llg. Ge12 @ ä @ 'vain other embodiment for the implementation ltiliräir, a dem '@ ri12 @ in @gelti? leli proceedings can be a hy drostnisiher drive lrije an actuator fo r Fcrderer and extraction machine and one each The pump assigned to the drive motor can be provided, the delivery rate of which can be changed by means of a standing cylinder via a servo control. In a further development of this embodiment, it is advisable to alternately act on the actuating cylinders via common pressure lines from a four-way valve, which is connected to a pressure line from the pump to the drive motor of the conveyor and reversed in the end positions of the extraction device by electrical limit switches. Furthermore, a further upright cylinder for a four-way valve can be connected to the pressure lines, which is connected to the pressure medium line extending from one pump to the drive motor of the extraction device and serves to reverse the direction of rotation of the drive motor for the extraction device depending on the position of the four-way valve. A five-way valve can also be switched on in the feed and return lines to the drive motor of the conveyor, which allows the motor to be switched off and its direction of rotation to be changed. This embodiment can be completed by the fact that the servomotor of the pump for the drive motor of the extraction device is assigned a cylinder that is slidably mounted and spring-loaded on one side, the free, unloaded piston side of which is connected to the pressure medium line for the drive motor of the conveyor and for reduction the speed of the drive motor for the extraction device in the case of an increased working resistance opposing the drive motor of the conveyor. The advantages of this embodiment are that low-speed rotors with their known advantages can be used to drive the conveyor and extraction device, because in this embodiment a change in the stroke volume of the motors, which is practically impossible with low-speed rotors, is not required.

In a further development of the invention, it is also recommended that the standing cylinder are equipped with adjusting screws that change the piston stroke in the end positions can be. In this way the entire facility gets mutual Cruise control offers excellent adaptability to all Operating conditions, since the piston stroke of the actuating cylinder and thus the one to be regulated Speeds can be set within almost any limits. The directional control valves to switch off or switch the drive motor for the conveyor Allowing the conveyor to run empty with the extraction device standing and breaking loose of the conveyor when starting up and in the event of malfunctions caused by particularly strong, sudden Coal accumulation or other blockages. In particular in the first-mentioned embodiment the full working pressure is available to carry out the method according to the invention Breakaway of the conveyor available. The valves can be controlled by Done by hand.

By regulating the speed and direction of rotation of the motors Experience has shown that considerable switching surges are associated with the pressure lines. These add to the shock loads on the extraction device by the extraction material. In order to effectively absorb such shocks, it is recommended according to a further feature of the invention, to the pressure lines to the drive motor for the extraction device to connect a pressure fluid reservoir that can be adjusted to a specific pressure.

In deviation from the hydrostatic control of the direction of rotation and the Speeds of the drive motors can be used in a further embodiment of the Invention also directly or through mechanical powershift and change gears are controlled with regard to their direction of rotation and their speed, which between the motors and the extraction device or the conveyor are switched and electrical through the extraction device in its end positions via limit switches, can be switched pneumatically or hydraulically.

A known device is intended to increase the speed of the conveyor and extraction device are kept the same with opposite movement, while the speed when the conveyor and the extraction device move in the same direction of the conveyor is larger than that of the extraction device by a sufficient amount is sized. In contrast, the purpose of the invention is to use a mutual speed control of conveyor and extraction device to achieve that a) the conveyor always delivers the same delivery rate and b) the The power consumption of the conveyor and extraction device always remains the same.

These tasks cannot be fulfilled with the known device. When the conveyor and the extraction device move in opposite directions at the same speed drive, this results in a certain discharge of the conveyor and a certain power consumption given by conveyor and extraction device. To the same discharge and the to achieve the same power consumption of both machines with unidirectional movement, it is not enough to generate a sufficiently high relative speed, the individual speeds of conveyor and extraction device must also be in a certain ratio related to the speed of countermovement. A certain relative speed can with the same direction of movement to fulfill the purpose according to the invention can only be achieved by making the conveyor slower and the extraction device runs faster than with the counter-movement.

Control elements for reversing the direction of movement are also known an extraction device. By this known device, however, is not the Arrangement of the control elements according to the invention anticipated that not only reversing the direction of movement of the extraction device, but at the same time effect of the speeds of the conveyor and extraction device.

The drawing illustrates two exemplary embodiments of the invention. It shows F i g. 1 a device for the area of an extraction device with a hydraulic pressure medium pump for the operation of the extraction device and drive motors associated with the conveyor, FIG. 2 another institution, at which each of the drive motors for the conveyor and the extraction device one special pressure medium pump is assigned.

In each of the figures there is an extraction device for underground mining illustrates when along an endless, designed as a double chain scraper conveyor Conveyor 1 an extraction device 2 approximately parallel to one not shown Coal pile can be moved back and forth by means of an endless tension member 3.

In Fig. 1 illustrates a squirrel cage motor 4 which drives a variable speed pump 5 at a constant speed, which sucks the pressure fluid from a container 6 and presses it into a pressure line 7. The pressure line is secured by a pressure relief valve 8. The pressure prevailing in the pressure medium line 7 can be read off on a manometer 9. Via the pressure medium line 7, the pressure medium arrives at a five-way valve 110, which can be set in three positions a, b and c. In switching position a, the pressure medium is first fed to the drive motor 12 for the conveyor 1 via a work output 11, from which it is fed via a work line 13 to the drive motor 14 for the extraction device 2 and then via a work line 15 and the aforementioned five-way valve 10 is passed into a return line 16 into which a return filter 17 is connected. The two drives 12 and 14 connected one behind the other in this way are always acted upon by the full liter capacity of the pump 5, but depending on the resistance they themselves and the conveyor 1 or profitable; <«- device 2 during operation, divide it into the pressure generated by the pump. The Re, # elpunip @ .: 5 contains a power regulator which, based on the pressure present in the line and the sum of the working resistances of the conveyor 1 and the Gewiji: iutinsvorriclitung 2 corresponding pressure, regulates the delivery of the pump 5 so that the motor 4 The drive power used remains essentially constant. In the switching position b of the Ffinfwe @ reventils 10, the pressure medium is only passed in the opposite direction by the motor 12 of the conveyor. This switch position makes it possible to let the conveyor drive backwards by itself, with the planer at a standstill. In the switch position c, both motors 12, 14 are switched off. The pressure medium is returned from the line 7 via the return line 16 into the container 6.

The drive motors 12, 14 designed as variable speed motors can be used as z. B. be designed according to the Thomae principle working axial piston motors. Ever after the deflection of the cylinder block of these engines, the displacement of the cylinders becomes enlarged or reduced. The deflection f in the drive motor 12 is smaller measured as the deflection g. In the case of the smaller deflection, the stroke volume is the Cylinder smaller. With the same influx of pressure medium, but smaller stroke volume, the engine speed increases. At deflection f is the engine speed and so that the speed of the conveyor is greater than at the deflection g. The sponsor 1, which is driven via a gear 18, promotes in these deflections Direction of the arrow x downhill. For the drive motor 14 of the extraction device 2 deflections g and i are shown. When the rash h moves the extraction device 2 in the direction of arrow y with the lower speed downhill. In which smaller deflection i to the other side changes the drive motor 14 for the Extraction device 2 its sense of rotation. The by the drive motor via a gear 19 driven extraction device travels with a downward facing opposite of it Speed higher speed against the arrow y uphill.

The deflections of the regulating motors 12, 14 are controlled by an adjusting device controlled, which consists of two actuating cylinders 20, 21. The two adjusting cylinders are fed from the pressure medium line 13 via common inflow lines 22, 23 acted upon via a line 24 and a four-way valve 25. In the drawn Switching position d of this valve, the piston of the actuating cylinder 20 pushes the control motor 14 to the rash h and the piston 21 moves the motor 12 to position f Switching position e of the valve 25, the motors are brought into deflections i and g. Then the extraction device runs at the greater speed against the Direction of arrow y uphill and the conveyor with the lower speed in the direction of the arrow x downhill. The one used in the standing cylinders 4.0, 21 Liquid is fed through the line 26 of the pressure medium line 15 in which a lower pressure than in line 13 prevails.

The four-way valve 125 is operated by an electromagnet 27, which receives its impulses via electrical lines 28 from two limit switches 29, which are confirmed by the extraction device 2 in their end positions. As soon as the Extraction device on their downhill run directed in the direction of arrow y Limit switch 29 is reached, their slow, downhill movement in a fast, uphill movement against the direction of the arrow y reversed, while the directional movement of the conveyor down the valley is slowed down will.

The piston stroke of the adjusting cylinders 20, 21 can be adjusted by adjusting screws 30 can be set and regulated. This is done appropriately taking into account the intended deflections of the regulating motors 12, 14.

When switching the drive motor 14 for the extraction device from one direction of rotation to the other is the flow through the motor for completely locked for a brief moment. To the pressure backlog caused by it to be able to receive in the pressure medium line 13, a memory 31 is connected to this, which is preloaded to the level of the normal operating pressure and if it is exceeded of the operating pressure fluid that the storage tank absorbs after the switchover releases again and thereby a stronger acceleration of the recovery device enables. The accumulator effectively reduces all pressure peaks that could get stuck the recovery device can occur.

In Fig. 2, a motor 32 for the conveyor 1 and a motor 33 for the extraction device 2 are each assigned a special pump 5 and 34, respectively. The pump 5 is driven by the squirrel cage motor 4 at a constant speed and conveys the pressure medium sucked in from the container 6 through the pressure medium line 7 to a five-way valve 35, in whose switch position a the conveyor conveys downhill in the direction of arrow x and in switch position b uphill, while in switch position c the motor is at a standstill and the pressure medium is returned directly to the container 6. The pump 34 conveys the pressure medium via a pressure medium line 36 to a four-way valve 37, through whose switching positions k, j the drive motor 33 for the extraction device can be acted upon alternately via lines 38, 39. In the position j shown, the drive motor 33 drives the extraction device 2 uphill in the direction of the arrow z.

Both pressure lines 7 and 36 are through a pressure relief valve 8 and 40 secured and provided with pressure gauges 9 and 41, respectively.

The motors 32, 33 have a constant displacement so that they its speed can only be regulated by changing the amount of liquid supplied are. This change in the amount of liquid is carried out by the servo control of the Pumps 4 and 34 with the aid of actuating cylinders 42 and 43, respectively. Press the pistons of these Cylinder against the servo control located in the pump, so the delivery rate of the respective pump. In the position shown, the pump 5 stands up small delivery rate and the pump 34 on large delivery rate. Be charged the standing cylinders 42, 43 through the common pressure medium lines 44, 45, which alternate controlled by the four-way valve 25 from the pressure medium line 7. That Four-way valve 25 is controlled by the electromagnet 27 from the limit switches 29 Lines 2 $ actuated, as described in connection with the first embodiment became. A third actuating cylinder 46 is also acted upon by the lines 44, 45, which reverses the four-way valve 37. By reversing the direction of rotation of the Motor 33 reversed to drive the extraction device. So drives the Extraction device 2 against one of the two limit switches 29, so are both the delivery of the two pumps 5, 34 and thus the speed of travel of the conveyor 1 and the extraction device 2 as well as the direction of movement of the extraction device reversed at the same time. The pressure line 36 of the drive for the extraction device is still through the accumulator 31 against getting stuck in the extraction device arising pressure surges secured.

The servomotor of the pump 34 can also be provided by a spring piston 47 whose piston rod is influenced by that of the actuating piston in the actuating cylinder 43 can be passed through. This spring piston is directly connected to the pressure line 7 applied. The purpose of this spring piston is to control the planing speed and thus reduce the amount of coal produced when the conveyor is on a particularly large one Resistance meets, be it as a result of a particularly large coal spill or one single large lump of coal. This additional resistance increases the pressure in the line 7 and reduced by the power regulator of the pump 5, the delivery rate and thus the speed of the conveyor. The speed will be accordingly the extraction device and thus the coal production is reduced.

While the two described embodiments are based on hydrostatic Referring to drives with open circuit, it goes without saying that the individual elements for speed control, also in the same way with a closed circuit can find.

The procedure for operating the extraction facilities described can be summarized in that the extraction device 2 in the conveying direction is moved more slowly than against the conveying direction, while the speed of the conveyor 1 is greater when the extraction device is moved in the conveying direction than when it is in the opposite direction the conveying direction moving extraction device is measured. Make it possible the facilities that the sums of the power requirements of the drive motors 12,14 and 32, 33 for the extraction device 2 and the conveyor 1 when moving the Extraction device both in and against the conveying direction x to about the same value can be maintained.

The changing speeds of the extraction device and the Conveyor on ascent and descent of the extraction device can technically can be solved in different ways. There can be manual transmissions between the engines and the extraction device or the conveyor are used by the extraction device in their end positions by limit switches on electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic Routes can be switched. It is also possible to adjust the speed of the electric motors to control immediately. However, the hydrostatic one offers a particularly useful solution Power transmission through hydraulic pumps and hydraulic motors, as the speed of these two Elements can be changed in a very simple way and of the order of magnitude easily is adjustable.

Claims (13)

Claims: 1. Method for operating an extraction facility, especially for underground mining, where along an endless conveyor, in particular double chain scraper conveyor, an extraction device approximately parallel is moved back and forth to the coal face by means of an endless tension member, thereby characterized in that to ensure a constant discharge of the conveyor and a constant total energy requirement of the conveyor (1) and the extraction device (2) the extraction device (2) both in and against the conveying direction is moved more slowly in the conveying direction than against the conveying direction, while the speed of the conveyor (1) with the extraction device moving in the conveying direction larger than dimensioned when the extraction device moved counter to the conveying direction is by in the energy supply lines for the drive motors of the extraction device and the conveyor hydraulically, electrically or pneumatically operating control devices are switched on, which depends on the energy supplied to the drive motors regulate the direction of the extraction device. 2. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by a hydrostatic drive with two drive motors (12, 14) connected in series for the conveyor (1) and the extraction device (2) and a common pump (5), wherein the supply lines to the drive motors are connected to a control device for these motors depending on the working position of the extraction device (2). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the two piston sides of two standing cylinders (20, 21) via one of limit switches (29) the extraction device (2) controlled four-way valve (25) with a pressure medium line (1.3) are connected, their pistons, which can be acted upon on both sides, to regulating members the drive motors (12, 14) in the sense of a change in the displacement of these motors are connected. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the actuating cylinder assigned to the drive motor of the mining machine with the change of the stroke volume also changes its direction of rotation at the same time. 5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that by actuating one in the pressure medium line (7) switched on five-way valve (10) at least the drive motor (12) for the Conveyor (1) can be switched off or switched to the opposite direction of rotation. 6. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized by a hydrostatic drive, each with a drive motor (32, 33) for the conveyor and mining machine and a respective pump (5, 34) assigned to the drive motors, the delivery rate of which is controlled by an actuating cylinder (42 , 43) can be changed via a servo control. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the standing cylinder (42, 43) via common pressure lines (44, 45) of a four-way valve (25) are acted upon alternately, which to a pressure line (7) from the pump (5) to Drive motor (32) of the conveyor is connected and reversed in the end positions of the extraction device (2) by electrical limit switches. B. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that that on the pressure lines (44, 45) another adjusting cylinder (46) for a four-way valve (37) is connected, which extends from the one pump (34) to the drive motor (33) of the extraction device (2) extending pressure medium line (38) switched is and to reverse the direction of rotation of the drive motor for the extraction device is used depending on the position of the four-way valve (25). 9. Establishment according to claim 7, characterized in that in the inflow and return lines to Drive motor of the conveyor a five-way valve (35) is switched on, which is a Switching off the motor and changing its direction of rotation is permitted. 10. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the servo motor of the pump (34) for the drive motor of the extraction device (2) is associated with a cylinder (47) displaceably mounted, spring-loaded piston on one side, the free, unloaded piston Piston side is connected to the pressure medium line (7) for the drive motor (32) of the conveyor (1) and is used to reduce the speed of the drive motor (33) for the extraction device (2) in the event of an increased working resistance opposing the drive motor of the conveyor. 11. Establishment according to claim 2 or one of the following, characterized in that the adjusting cylinder (20, 21, 42, 43) are equipped with adjusting screws (30) with which the piston stroke can be changed in the end positions. 12. Device according to claim 2 or one the following, characterized in that the pressure lines (13, 36) to the drive motor (19, 33) for the extraction device (2) one adjustable to its specific pressure Pressure medium accumulator (31) is connected. 13. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control of the direction of rotation and the speed of the drive motors is provided directly or by mechanical power shift and change gears, which are connected between the motors and the extraction device or the conveyor and through the extraction device can be switched electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically in its end positions via limit switches. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 956 573, 815 945, 642 686; German utility model No. 1807 017.