DE1180800B - Electro-magnetically driven oscillating system that can be used as a frequency standard - Google Patents

Description

The frequency standard Al @ .verwebares "electromagnetisch-angehiebeu.es@eehwiingsystem" With many signal and transmission circuits, frequency generators are required that have a high frequency accuracy. 'If' the - relatively great effort - is not spared, 'quartz generators can be used for this purpose - which generate a' normal frequency 'from which' by 'dividing and multiplying' the 'required' signal frequencies are derived Such quartz generators, however, are only used for business purposes when a large number of different frequencies are required. If, however, the number of 'signal frequencies is relatively low, - one will try to get by with simpler' generators, one must, however: then be content with a somewhat lower frequency stability.

Because of the high constancy of mechanical transducers, they are often used Generators with an electromagnetically driven oscillating system as a 'frequency-determining Part of a feedback circuit. Here, the 'movement of the mechanical Oscillator, for example a resilient tongue, an electrical alternating voltage derived, which'-is then fed to the 'input of an' amplifier, while the ' The excitation flush of the 'vibration system is connected to the output of the' amplifier.

The well-known 'electromagnetic. However, driven oscillating systems have the disadvantage that an elongated iron core is provided for the electromagnetic drive, which is mostly attached perpendicular to the oscillating tongue. As a result, however, the magnetic scattering 'of the EI ektromagnetsystems is relatively large, and it must therefore. a correspondingly high excitation power for 'the drive can be made available.' The permanent foot emanating from the permanent magnet of the electromagnetic system has a high magnetic resistance. overcome.

In addition, the Gafaltr .besteht that the saturation of the cross-section usually .relativ 'vibrating tongue kleäneri at higher Daue% liq is often already reached. @ This is all the easier because the selection of material for the vibrating reed more on the fatigue properties than aXuf the magnetic properties must be taken into account.

In order to ensure that only the smallest possible excitation power is required for the drive of the electromagnetic oscillating system, according to the invention the for driving the. The excitation winding serving the mechanical oscillating system has a clamp-shaped clamp encircling the mechanical oscillator at its end. The soft iron carrying the feedback coils run on the outer sides. cores for Fiihmng'deg continuous flow along the-mecha- niche Schwingers and are 'dmnit in' e-der Er- increase of the permanent magnets witnessed Vormagxieti @ sierung: -the oscillation system effective. By @ the 'fact' that-the 'drive system after of the invention @ den-n & hanigehen-, Schwimger his; End pincer-shaped..comprehensive'-iron core owns ,, - surrender -sith small lptelte-nrid "from green- that of dädrn'ch-weseMeh-better; closed-er- regerkreisesmu'eh-iriiine-enfi-speaking smaller: Errager- performance.'Dadu? eh; , dß @ dqe, the i feedback coils bearing pastureü; kernels- zur = FIRhrtmg = the duration along the river 7 of the @ d'esehtri-Schwingers, -further @ a wt-seritRAe @ Lrhbkung'des - `Daaer- river-im Vterglei'ch m-bekarnrberi'Systemen..ein;, md- by increasing the degree of effectiveness. Under gizichen electrical, and'- conchive = -Be- things are generally - employees - etfindumgsgenren `` Arrangement of the changes - or =. The - induced Tensions cause stretching coupling to be higher; ..so duss -it is possible before'c'fektronisehe @ Rücld; opplgs- circuit @ rhit @ one-geriMren '- @ gain -interpret: -If they are used "-"#'raxsistors for Structure of the '-e # s'eh @ n'-Rii # pphrng circuit results under the same operating conditions the lower gain lich. unempty donor``Temperaftumschwan- kimngen @ is. 'Appropriately - is -mman to -increase the by -the -merhurnseiren Sehwiagter-ergeugt-eii-Induk- rion tension diet-teiden, - -Wieldungen - der, @ .spulen- anoTdnung'elektriseh - jh'Rele °: sehallten., 'To change Alteration of the induction span = g can be either -the 'distance- the = small hairs = the iron- 'make kernels changeable, -but-it-is-also.to-Em- range for the same purpose possible to change the position of the baffles opposite the ends of the mechanical oscillator.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that electromagnetically powered oscillation system and the feedback circuit separately as a structural one Execute units and connect them to one another in a pluggable manner. That way you can the generator frequency simply by plugging in an oscillating system with a different natural frequency be changed.

Further details of the invention emerge from the following Description of an exemplary embodiment. It shows F i g. 1 the graphical representation an electromagnetically driven oscillating system that can be used as a frequency standard, F i g. 2 the circuit of this oscillation system in connection with the feedback circuit a tone generator.

In the illustration shown in FIG. 1, 2 is the excitation coil of the electromagnet system, which is used to excite vibrations in the mechanical Schwingers 1 is used. The length of the mechanical transducer depends on the desired Target frequency selected. The oscillator 1 conducts the one generated by the permanent magnet 4 Continuous flow to the working air gap. By an alternating voltage applied to the excitation winding 2 the mechanical oscillator 1 is excited and therefore not only moves between the pole pieces of the iron core 2 a of the excitation coil 2, but also between the Iron cores 3 c and 3 d of the coil arrangement with the windings 3 a and 3 b.

If the mechanical transducer 1 approaches one of the two coil cores, so the continuous flow passed over this core becomes greater, while the continuous flow increases scaled down in the second core.

The movement of the oscillator creates in the iron cores 3 c and 3 d flux changes, which in the windings 3 a and 3 b induction voltages produce. At the same time, the coil cores running along the oscillator 1 have an effect 3 c and 3 d that the continuous flow led to the working air gap increases because they act as parallel-connected flux guide parts for the mechanical oscillator. This is done from the excitation side of the electromagnetically driven oscillator an increase in responsiveness is achieved.

The two windings 3 a and 3 b of the coil arrangement can increase the feedback voltage must be electrically connected in series. The distance between the two Coil cores 3 c and 3 d also determine to a large extent the level of the feedback voltage, In addition, this tension is influenced by the change in the impact surfaces 5 possible compared to the mechanical transducer.

A particular advantage of the arrangement described is still therein to see that the permanent magnet 4 both for the bias of the mechanical The oscillator is used as well as for the premagnetization of the cores 3 c and 3 d of the coil arrangement. Through this Bauert or the common use of the same permanent magnet can the oscillation system can be set up in a spatially favorable manner.

In Fig. 2 is the electromagnetically driven oscillating system 4 while retaining the reference points, only represented by circuit symbols. Additionally the feedback circuit equipped with the transistors Trl and Tr2 is indicated, The frequency-stable audio frequency voltage is then emitted at their outputs x and y will. It. is indicated by a dashed border that the oscillation system and the feedback circuitry are implemented as separate units and in a suitable manner Way plug # r can be connected.

The feedback circuit B consists of an oscillating stage with the transistor Tr 1 and a power stage with the transistor Tr2. A voltage emitted via the windings 3 a and 3 b when the oscillator moves is amplified by the transistor Trl, and as a result, a current flows through the excitation coil 2 of the oscillator 1, which excites it again. The voltage at the output terminals of the windings 3 a and 3 b grows and with it the current through the excitation coil 2. The amplitude of the induction voltages increases until the limiter stage provided with the rectifiers G 1 and G 2 increases again the tension is prevented.

From FIG. 2 it can be seen that the electromagnetically driven Oscillating system can be exchanged at any time, so that the natural frequency can be easily adjusted the generator frequency available at terminals x and y of the feedback circuit can be changed. The constancy and the temperature behavior depend on the Generator frequency practically only from the electromagnetically driven oscillating system from and its quality determines the behavior of the entire tone generator.

Claims (5)

Claims: 1. Poled oscillating system that can be used as a frequency standard with an electromagnetic drive in conjunction with an electronic feedback circuit, characterized in that the excitation winding (2) used to drive the mechanical oscillator has an iron core (1) encompassing the mechanical oscillator (1) at its end like a tong 2a) and that the soft iron cores (3c, 3d ) carrying the feedback coils (3a, 3b) run along the mechanical oscillator (1) to guide the continuous flux and are thus effective in increasing the pre-magnetization of the oscillating system generated by a single permanent magnet. 2. Electromagnetically driven oscillating system according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the mechanical Oscillator (1) induction voltage generated the windings (3 a, 3 b) electrically are connected in series. 3. Electromagnetically driven oscillating system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for changing the induced voltage generated the distance between the pincer-shaped ends of the iron cores (3 c, 3 d) can be changed. 4. Electromagnetically driven oscillating system according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that the ends of the mechanical oscillator (1 ) face baffles (5) which are effective in terms of variable air damping and thus setting the induced voltage generated. 5. Electromagnetic Driven oscillation system according to Claim 1 or the following, characterized in that that it is designed as a structural unit (A) and with an electronic, preferably with transistors provided feedback circuit (B) is pluggably connected. In Documents considered: Swiss Patent No. 332 315; British U.S. Patent No. 493,253; French patent specification No. 626 461.