DE1169653B - Composite bodies formed from two or more bodies using at least one molded wood material - Google Patents

Description

From two or more bodies using at least one Composite body formed from wood-based material molding The invention relates to composite bodies, that of two or more bodies using at least one molded wood product are formed.

For the purposes of the invention, composite bodies are composed of two or more Divide composite units or constructions more movable or immovable Kind to understand, with at least one of the parts made of a wood-based molding consists.

In particular, there are composite bodies made of two or more wood-based material blanks composite units or constructions, but also such units or Understand constructions made of wood-based panels and one or more from any other material, such as plastic, stone, metal, formed parts exist: It does not matter whether they are independently tradable structures, such as B. to wood-based panels used in metal or plastic frames or around walls, e.g. B. Partition walls made of wood-based panels in buildings or ships, those with other walls made of mineral materials or metal and / or Ceilings are connected, acts.

Under wood-based products such as panels, etc. are in general Understood moldings that often contain binders and their wood component z. B. from wood chips, wooden sticks, wood fibers, wood flour, veneers, plywood or Combinations of these is formed with one another. Furthermore are under the term Wood-based moldings also include those moldings containing binding agents, which In addition to wood chips, fibers, veneers and the like, there are other organic or inorganic materials Material such as plant fibers, straw, plastic, cement, asbestos, mineral wool, sheet metal, Wire nets od. Like. Such. B. Reinforcements of any type, these Materials, if appropriate, both in the form of mixtures and with the formation of multilayered ones Moldings, in particular multilayer boards, processed together with the wood-based material could be.

Wood-based moldings, such as panels, which are made by special measures increased resistance to exposure to high temperatures and Fires are in large part in the form of wall cladding, ceiling cladding or partitions of any kind etc. are used as structural elements. These components naturally have the most varied dimensions, so that those of the manufacturing plants Supplied molded wood-based bodies assembled to the sizes of the desired components Need to become. When assembling the bricks or at the point of contact Joints formed in the briquettes with other materials, especially if they are It is about joints formed by two wood-based material blanks, are known in Way by gluing the butt and / or formed with springs or dowels End faces closed. Usually such a joint has the same strength like the briquettes to be connected and is often so tightly closed that they can only be seen with the eye in a particular course of the surface structure.

Composite bodies assembled in this way are temperatures of, for example, 300 ° C and above or exposed to open fire, so results that these joints are particularly weak points in these bodies, especially when the individual parts of the composite body have high resistance against fire and heat. The glues used for gluing are mostly not fire-resistant, and even non-flammable synthetic resin glues become thermal decomposed, so that the cohesiveness is lost. In addition, this is usually the case with joints no overlapping of the starting material in the sense that it is in the case of molded wooden products is often encountered, given. With these there is still a certain amount even with charring Cohesion of the charred particles through the overlap and possibly the Binder given. In the case of a joint, however, the few that are still present are sufficient Forces are no longer sufficient to hold the individual sections of such a component together. So is the case with composite bodies that have one or more wood-based material blanks contain increased resistance to fire and heat, the joint being the weakest point.

Various attempts have now been made to remedy this deficiency. For example, springs made of non-flammable material such as metal, asbestos or similar substances. It turned out, however, that these feathers were made incombustible material did not burn, but at least partially surrounding it Wood-based material charred due to the good thermal conductivity of the spring material and thus the joint was weakened again more than the self-contained composite body. It was even shown that a simple connection made by butt gluing compared to a connection made from a wide variety of materials with a spring showed no disadvantages. In any case, however, such connections showed not the strength as the other parts of the composite. During an apprenticeship the joint with dowels, the same results can be achieved as with a training with feathers.

Another possibility is to cover the joint with strips or similar connecting structural parts. However, these means are therefore multiple inapplicable because, apart from the unappealing, inevitably visible Division of the area, often flat surfaces are desired or necessary.

It has also been suggested on the upper and lower front edges the molded parts to be connected connecting elements, such as brackets or the like to be attached, which hold the individual parts of the composite body together with safety in the event of danger should. This construction failed because of the carbonization of the wood-based panels also a shrinkage is connected, in which the surfaces, for example, of Tear open wood chips irregularly in flakes. This loss has an effect especially in the case of the joint, which is long before the wood-based molding is fully charred, opens in full depth and thus allows the passage of the fire.

It has now surprisingly been found that all of these disadvantages can be fixed in a simple manner if one is in the area of the connection zone provides known means that foam or pore-forming at higher temperatures are.

The invention therefore relates to one of two or more bodies composite body formed using at least one molded wood product, which is characterized by the fact that in the area of the connecting zone known, at higher temperatures foaming or pore-forming agents are provided.

It has been shown that adequate thermal insulation can be avoided the spread of fire is more important than the incombustibility of the material. this is due to the fact that z. B. a non-combustible metal partition, if they one side is strongly heated, the heat conducts, so that on the other side of the Flammable objects located on the wall catch fire after a short time. Decisive the fact that the fire is not combustible is therefore by no means responsible for preventing the fire from spreading a partition.

If there is a fire temperature in the area of the connection zone or joint Foam or pore-forming agent is provided, after charring the outer Layer or layers of the wood-based molding due to the heat acting on it pore-forming agents come out of the joint to be opened by the fire by expanding and give a thermal insulation protection. Tests have shown that this thermal insulation protection is sufficient to cover the part of the joint below or behind it to protect from the heat and the fire that the cohesion is as great as that of the other parts of the composite body. These have proven to be particularly advantageous Composite bodies proved in which the shock or. common interfaces of the parts of the composite body - possibly mirror-image - have recesses that which contain pore-forming or foam-forming agents at higher temperatures.

In particular, the interfaces are as tongue and groove or both as Groove is preferably designed in such a way that the groove is somewhat larger, in particular somewhat deeper than necessary to accommodate the spring and formed after introduction The cavities remaining in the spring are foam or pore-forming at higher temperatures Funds included.

A foam-forming or pore-forming structure at higher temperatures can also be used Means containing spring can be provided.

So it can be in the front edge of the parts to be connected by joints the composite body milled grooves as if for a spring connection, which are connected to the foam and pore-forming agent, which has as self-adhesive properties as possible, filled will. Such front edges are preferably with an as possible against fire and Heat resistant glue glued together.

The remaining after milling the grooves, perpendicular to the surface standing surfaces can also be chamfered in such a way to the groove that after bringing them together the two parts of the composite body to be connected have a cavity with an equilateral, triangular cross-section arises with the foam or pore-forming agent or is filled with the mixture of such a means with glue and in case of danger gives the thermal insulation protection.

In a similar way, the joint can also be formed by scarfing be, with a cavity containing the foam or pore-forming agents is provided.

Depending on the thickness of the molded body to be connected, the blowing agent Holes to be filled once in the middle or just below the surface the molded body to be connected are attached or, if necessary, even several times.

Another good protective effect is given if the foam or pore-forming agents in the form of profile rods, in particular as rectangular, mushroom or U-profile available. It is also possible that in the area of the connecting zone, if necessary in a mixture with the foam or pore-forming agents substances such. B. asbestos wool, Fiberglass, slag wool, etc., are provided. It is also possible that the foam or pore-forming agent in the area of the connection zone in its own mixture with the respective material, in particular wood-based material.

The foam or pore-forming agent can be in various states of aggregation be introduced. It can be used together with a synthetic resin glue in more or less be liquid to kneadable form or even have an adhesive effect themselves. One such Inflating synthetic resin with a gluing effect can also already be in the shape of the feather brought and be cured and only in this state in the provided grooves when assembling the moldings with repeated use can be used by glue. Such a spring made of inflating plastic can of course with non-flammable materials such as asbestos, glass or slag wool, etc. be offset. In this way, the inflating feather gets a when cold exceptionally good mechanical strength, but still brings on action from fire and heat through foam formation an excellent thermal insulation protection.

The drawing shows various embodiments of the invention Composite body again. A b b. 1 of the drawing represents the simplest form of assembly two individual workpieces a with a blunt joint, this joint being particularly thick held and with a self-adhesive foam or. pore-forming agent b glued is; in A b b. 2 are the two individual workpieces a through a butt joint and glued together a common glue, but in the areas of the glue joint Recesses incorporated and filled with the foam or pore-forming agent b ' are; in A b b. 3 shows a tongue and groove connection, however the grooves in the individual workpieces a are thicker than the tongues c and the after insertion The cavity remaining in the spring is filled with the foam or pore-forming agent b is. The gluing is done with a common glue; A b b. 4 is a modified one Embodiment of A b b. 3, in the case of the look or pore-forming agents the space to be filled is designed differently; in A b b. 5 and 6 become the Individual workpieces a connected to one another by tongue and groove, the tongues d even contain the pores and pores that appear at higher temperatures; in A b b. 7, the two individual workpieces a are replaced by a foam or pore-forming one Means-containing molded body e connected; in A b b. 8 is an assembly represented by scarfing, with the surfaces to be connected, similar to A b b. 2, recesses incorporated and with the foam or pore-forming agent are filled out.

Claims (6)

Claims: 1. Using two or more bodies Composite body formed by at least one molded wood product, characterized by, that in the area of the connection zone, known per se, look at higher temperatures or pore-forming agents are provided. 2. Composite body according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the joint or joint interfaces of the parts of the composite body - possibly mirror-inverted - have recesses that are at higher temperatures contain pore or foam-forming agents. 3. Composite body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interfaces in a known manner as a groove and tongue or both are designed as a groove, preferably such that the groove a little larger, in particular a little deeper than necessary to accommodate the spring, formed and the cavities remaining after the introduction of the spring are those at higher temperatures Contain foam or pore-forming agents. 4. composite body according to claim 3, characterized in that a foam or pore-forming at higher temperatures Means containing spring is provided. 5. Composite body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interfaces in a known manner as a shaft are formed and one or more of the foam or. containing pore-forming agents Have cavity. 6. Composite body according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that that the foaming or pore-forming agents are intimately mixed with the binder and preferably as rectangular, mushroom, U, I or other profiles in the composite body are included.