DE1159395B - Electrostatic separator for removing aerosols from gas flows - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator for separating floating bodies from gases through the simultaneous action of electrostatic and centrifugal forces.

Usually a dispersion of fine smoke or dust in a gas stream can be easily removed, by placing the aerosol between the oppositely charged electrodes of an electrostatic Separator passes through. Electrons, which the negatively charged electrodes (generally Wires that are called »high-voltage spray electrodes«) get in Form of a corona discharge through the gas to the positively charged, grounded collecting electrode (generally a flat sheet metal or tube). From the corona discharge they take Aerosol particles acquire electrons and are themselves negatively charged as a result. These negatively charged particles migrate to the positively charged collecting electrodes, on which they are deposited. There they stick and collect. The withdrawal into a funnel then takes place periodically or continuously with the help of vibrating or shaking devices.

If the aerosols consist of light, spotty material of high conductivity, such as soot, so the particles quickly lose their charge when they hit the collecting electrode are blown away by the gas stream in the form of larger agglomerates. These agglomerates usually have a sufficiently large mass to move in behind the separator due to centrifugal force To separate precipitation cyclones.

One embodiment is often used for such separators preferred, in which electrostatic and centrifugal forces act simultaneously on the aerosol particles act, whereby the direction of the centrifugal force is reversed several times and in one Housing a plurality of parallel horizontally extending gas channels is arranged. The reverse of the Direction of centrifugal force has the consequence that those particles which were originally furthest away from the collecting electrode and thus the electrostatic attraction to only a small extent were exposed, are located near the collecting electrode after the reversal and now the electrostatic one Are most subject to attraction.

The known embodiments for such separators have a number of shortcomings, which prevent a maximum cleaning effect for the gas. First of all, occur when repenting the direction of the centrifugal force often strong eddies

for the removal of aerosols

from gas streams

Applicant:

J ₀ Continental Carbon Company,

Amarillo, Tex. (V. St. A.)

Representative: Dr. W. Germershausen, patent attorney,
Frankfurt / M., Neue Mainzer Str. 54

Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America July 18, 1958 (No. 749 483)

formations through which the desired effect is farthest away from the collecting electrode Bring parts of the gas flow closer to this is reduced.

The shortcomings of the known devices are avoided by the embodiment according to the invention. The path taken in terms of construction is surprisingly simple, as is space and material saving.

The invention therefore relates to an electrostatic precipitator for separating floating bodies from gases through the simultaneous action of electrostatic and centrifugal forces multiple reversals of the direction of the centrifugal force with one arranged in a housing Large number of parallel, horizontally running gas channels which are opposite to each other curved parts are limited. All curved walls serve as collecting electrodes and are designed so that approximately tubular precipitation surfaces arise in which High-voltage spray electrodes are arranged centrally. An embodiment is particularly advantageous in which the opposing curved parts extend over an angle of

309 769/349

Describe arc extending more than 90 °, preferably 127 °.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a partial view of the device according to the invention. The representation is interrupted in the middle, to avoid unnecessary repetition;

Fig. 2 is part of a vertical sectional diagram showing the high voltage spray electrodes and the The way in which they are arranged in relation to the collecting electrodes can be seen:

¹ Fig. 3 is a partial view of the bottom of the separator;

Figure 4 is a view of the funnel at the bottom of the separator with the accessories.

In detail, with the number 2 in the drawings generally a series of vertically extending collecting electrode elements or sections denotes, which are arranged in seamless succession. The middle part of such an element is flat, with a curved part 4 along its two sides. As determined by experiments elements are made of 3, 18 mm thick sheet steel, 81.8 cm wide and 366 cm Length with a flat middle section of 25.4 cm wide and curved parts 4, which with a Radius of 12.7 cm are bent over to a width of 28.7 cm so that they form an arc over a Describe an angle of 127 °, which is quite satisfactory for the dedusting of a gas laden with carbon black.

As shown in Fig. 1, eight vertical precipitation elements are mounted in two rows of four by welding the corresponding successive curved parts of each row in an X-shape and the two rows are opposite and facing each other in a staggered arrangement. In this way, a pair of essentially cylindrical vertical chambers is created in each vertical collecting electrode element. A gas flowing through there at a right angle must take a curved or winding path, as indicated at 7.

In the illustration of FIG. 1, fifteen groups of opposing and staggered sections 2 are used, which form the gas channels labeled A, B, C, N and O , the ten sections between C and N being omitted to avoid unnecessary repetition. According to the dimensions given above, the width of each channel is approximately 25.4 cm.

With the exception of the end rows of the collecting electrode elements or sections, the border flat middle parts of the sections together and close the space between the curved Part 4 of the subsequent, inverted sections. The outsides of the end rows of the collecting electrode sections are provided with the strips 10, which form the spaces seal between the flat central parts of successive sections.

End baffles 14 are attached to each corner of the electrostatic precipitator according to the invention and also upper baffles 16, and the apparatus is of a suitable casing or casing 18 enclosed. The lower end of the housing contains a funnel 22, the interior of which is provided with baffles 24 is provided. This funnel 22 is wedge-shaped, as can be seen most clearly in FIG is; at its bottom is a screw conveyor 26, one end of which has a hanging down Outlet pipe 28 is in communication, in which an impeller 30 is mounted inside.

The high-voltage spray electrodes of the apparatus according to the invention are indicated generally at 32; there is one approximately in the center of each, essentially cylindrical vertical one Chamber formed by the cooperating curved parts 4 of the elements or sections 2 the collecting electrodes are formed. These high-voltage spray electrodes 32 can be omitted Make 1 inch (2.54 cm) diameter rods with wires spiraled around them reasonably.

The high voltage spray electrodes 32 are supported at their upper ends by a frame 36. On the upper part of this frame 36 two parallel grooves 38 are attached, which in turn on a cross member 40 are attached, which is attached to the lower end of a matching rod 42, which is from the Upper part of the housing protrudes.

The curved parts 4 of the sections 2 of the collecting electrodes with their radius of 12.7 cm and their arc over an angle of about 127 ° indicate that the space between the ends of these curved parts and the inner surface of the flat center piece 4 of the cooperating Sections 2 make a narrow slot or an opening about 5.8 cm wide. The gas to be cleaned must have this aforementioned narrow slot or opening with a relatively high Speed and then meets the opposite (i.e. downstream) curved one Part 4 of the concentrically arranged collecting electrodes, whereby the dispersed particles separated by centrifugal force. This process repeats itself according to the Execution shown here eight times when passing through the full length of the channel between the collecting electrodes. The upstream curved parts 4 of the concentric collecting electrodes form dead gas cushions in which the dispersed material can collect without passing through the gas flow to be blown away.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Electrostatic separator for the separation of floating bodies from gases by the simultaneous action of electrostatic and centrifugal forces with multiple reversals of the direction of the centrifugal force with a large number of parallel, horizontally extending gas channels arranged in a housing, which are limited by oppositely opposing curved parts, characterized in that all the curved walls act as collecting electrodes and are formed so that approximately tubular precipitation areas are created and high-voltage discharge electrodes centrally arranged therein (32). 2. Electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that the one on the other opposite curved parts form an angle of more than 90 ° Describe an extended arc. 3. Electrostatic precipitator according to claim 2, characterized in that the each other opposing curved parts extend over an angle of 127 ° Describe bow. Considered publications: German Patent Specifications Nos. 374 833, 478 377, 954, 551 681, 557 109, 611 247. 1 sheet of drawings © 309 769/349 12.63