DE1122323B - Injection internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Injection internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
DE1122323B
DE1122323B DEM46798A DEM0046798A DE1122323B DE 1122323 B DE1122323 B DE 1122323B DE M46798 A DEM46798 A DE M46798A DE M0046798 A DEM0046798 A DE M0046798A DE 1122323 B DE1122323 B DE 1122323B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
cylinder
fuel jets
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEM46798A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr-Ing Helmut Mueller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Motoren GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Mak Maschinenbau Kiel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mak Maschinenbau Kiel GmbH filed Critical Mak Maschinenbau Kiel GmbH
Priority to DEM46798A priority Critical patent/DE1122323B/en
Publication of DE1122323B publication Critical patent/DE1122323B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/24—Pistons  having means for guiding gases in cylinders, e.g. for guiding scavenging charge in two-stroke engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0642—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the depth of the combustion space being much smaller than the diameter of the piston, e.g. the depth being in the order of one tenth of the diameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
    • F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0675—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/26—Pistons  having combustion chamber in piston head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0624—Swirl flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Description

Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine Bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit direkter Einspritzung und muldenförmigem Verbrennungsraum im Kolben ist es bekannt, die Einspritzdüse zentral in der Zylinderachse anzuordnen und mit einer bestimmten Anzahl von Zerstäubungsbohrungen, meistens fünf bis acht Stück, zu versehen. Die Anzahl der Brennstoffstrahlen richtet sich nach der Gestalt des Verbrennungsraumes und der darin enthaltenen Luftbewegung. Sie darf eine bestimmte Größe nicht unterschreiten, da sonst die Luft im Verbrennungsraum zu unvollkommen erfaßt wird. Sie darf sie aber auch nicht überschreiten, da die Strahlen sich sonst gegenseitig stören und die örtlichen Brennstoffkonzentrationen im Verbrennungsraum zu groß werden. Außerdem besteht die Gefahr, daß bei zu vielen Bohrungen die Stege zwischen den Bohrungen der Düse zu schwach werden und die Düsenspitze abplatzt. Es ist auch schon nachteilig, wenn die Bohrungen so eng sitzen, daß sie im Innern der Düse ineinander verlaufen.Injection internal combustion engine In internal combustion engines with direct injection and trough-shaped combustion chamber in the piston, it is known, the injection nozzle to be arranged centrally in the cylinder axis and with a certain number of atomization holes, usually five to eight pieces to be provided. The number of fuel jets is aimed according to the shape of the combustion chamber and the air movement it contains. It must not fall below a certain size, otherwise the air in the combustion chamber is grasped too imperfectly. But it must not exceed it either, since the Otherwise, rays interfere with each other and the local fuel concentrations become too big in the combustion chamber. There is also the risk that too many Bores the webs between the bores of the nozzle and the nozzle tip are too weak flakes off. It is also a disadvantage if the bores are so tight that they run into each other inside the nozzle.

Sollen aus den vorgenannten Gründen weniger Bohrungen ausreichen, so muß eine kräftige Luftbewegung für die Vermischung des Brennstoffes mit der Luft sorgen. Zu diesem Zweck ist es bekannt, einen Axialwirbel im Motorzylinder, der die Brennstoffstrahlen in Umfangsrichtung durch den Verbrennungsraum weht, zu benutzen. Die Lücken zwischen den Brennstoffstrahlen können dann groß und die Anzahl der Strahlen entsprechend klein sein. Solche Axialwirbel werden bei Viertaktmaschinen durch Abschirmung der Einlaßventile oder durch tangential oder spiralförmig einmündende Einlaßkanäle erzeugt. Bei Zweitaktmaschinen werden tangential angeordnete Einlaßschlitze vorgesehen.Should fewer holes be sufficient for the reasons mentioned above, so there must be a strong movement of air for the fuel to mix with the air care for. For this purpose it is known to have an axial vortex in the engine cylinder, the to use the fuel jets blows in the circumferential direction through the combustion chamber. The gaps between the fuel jets can then be large and the number of jets increased be correspondingly small. Such axial vortices are shielded in four-stroke machines the inlet valves or through tangential or spiral inlet channels generated. In two-stroke engines, tangentially arranged inlet slots are provided.

Die bekannte Art der Einspritzung ist aber nur für rotationssymmetrische und unzerklüftete Verbrennungsräume wirkungsvoll. Bei aufgeladenen Motoren, bei ventilgesteuerten Zweitaktern und bei sehr schnell laufenden Maschinen müssen aber Ansenkungen in den Kolbenboden für die Ventilkegel der Ein- und Auslaßventile angebracht werden, da diese sonst auf den Kolbenboden aufgestaucht werden. Dadurch wird der Verbrennungsraum angeschnitten und erhält starke Ausbuchtungen, die das Spritzbild, d. h. die Lage bzw. das Auftreffen der Brennstoffstrahlen auf den Kolbenboden stark stören. Die Brennstoffstrahlen sollen aber in gleichmäßiger Verteilung auf den Umfang und in gleichmäßiger Stärke auf den heißen Kolbenboden aufprallen, wo ihre sofortige Verdampfung einsetzt.The known type of injection is only for rotationally symmetrical and rugged combustion chambers are effective. With supercharged engines, at valve-controlled two-stroke engines and very fast running machines Countersinks made in the piston crown for the valve cones of the inlet and outlet valves otherwise they will be compressed onto the piston crown. This will make the The combustion chamber is cut and has strong bulges that make the spray pattern, d. H. the position or the impact of the fuel jets on the piston crown is strong disturb. The fuel jets should, however, be evenly distributed over the circumference and hit the hot piston crown with uniform force, where their immediate Evaporation begins.

Es ist weiter bei einer Dieselmaschine mit einem muldenförmigen Brennraum im Kolbenboden, bei der die Verbrennungsluft um die Zylinderachse kreist, bekannt, die gleichmäßig über den Zylinderumfang verteilten Brennstoffstrahlen aus einer zentral liegenden Einspritzdüse auf die Wand des muldenförmigen Brennraumes aufprallen zu lassen.It is also in a diesel engine with a trough-shaped combustion chamber known in the piston crown, where the combustion air circles around the cylinder axis, the fuel jets evenly distributed over the circumference of the cylinder from a centrally located injection nozzle hit the wall of the trough-shaped combustion chamber allow.

Die Erfindung betrifft nun eine mit Luftverdichtung und Selbstzündung arbeitende Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine, deren Brennraum unterhalb der hängend angeordneten Ventile durch eine muldenförmige Ausnehmung im Kolbenboden begrenzt wird, auf deren Wand mehrere gleichmäßig über den Zylinderumfang verteilte Brennstoffstrahlen aus einer in der Zylinderachse angeordneten Einspritzdüse auftreffen, und bei welcher der in den Zylinder einströmenden Luft eine um die Zylinderachse kreisende Bewegung erteilt wird.The invention now relates to one with air compression and auto-ignition working internal combustion engine, the combustion chamber below the suspended Valves is limited by a trough-shaped recess in the piston head, on the Wall out several fuel jets evenly distributed over the circumference of the cylinder impinge on an injection nozzle arranged in the cylinder axis, and at which the air flowing into the cylinder causes a circular motion around the cylinder axis is granted.

Wenn bei einer solchen bekannten Anordnung die Brennstoffstrahlen auf an sich bekannten Ansenkungen für die Ventilkegel im Kolbenboden treffen, ist eine Ausnutzung des axialen Luftwirbels und der Hitze nicht möglich. Es wird dann auch keine homogene Gemischbildung mangels ungenügender Verwirbelung möglich.When in such a known arrangement the fuel jets meet known countersinks for the valve cone in the piston head is utilization of the axial air vortex and the heat is not possible. It will then also no homogeneous mixture formation possible due to insufficient turbulence.

Dieser Mangel soll durch die Erfindung beseitigt und der gesamte Brennstoff innerhalb des Luftwirbels verarbeitet werden.This deficiency should be eliminated by the invention and the entire fuel processed within the air vortex.

Erfindungsgemäß wird zu diesem Zweck vorgesehen, daß die Brennstoffstrahlen ausschließlich auf die heißen Teile der Brennraumwand aufprallen, die zwischen an sich bekannten Ansenkungen für die Ventilkegel im Kolbenboden liegen. Die Anzahl der Brennstoffstrahlen wird durch die Anzahl und Lage der Ansenkungen bzw. der Ventile des Motors bestimmt. Sie beträgt zweckmäßigerweise für eine Zweiventilmaschine vier oder sechs, für eine Dreiventilmaschine drei und für eine Vierventihnaschine vier Strahlen.According to the invention it is provided for this purpose that the fuel jets only hit the hot parts of the combustion chamber wall that are between known countersinks for the valve cone are located in the piston crown. The number the fuel jets are determined by the number and position of the countersinks or the valves of the engine. It is expediently for a two-valve machine four or six, three for a three-valve engine and four for a four-valve engine Rays.

In der Zeichnung sind einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt.Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.

Die Abb.1 zeigt einen Teilschnitt durch einen Kolben 1 und einen Zylinderkopf 5. Der Kolben 1 ist mit dem Verbrennungsraum 2 und den Ansenkungen 3 versehen. In. die Ansenkun@g,e,,n 3 tauchen die Ventilkegel 4 des Zylinderkopfes g leim Öffnen ein. Zentral im Zylinderkopf 5 ist däsTinspritzventil 6 angeordnet. Die Brennstoffstrahlen 7 'treffen auf die heißen Stege zwischen dep. Ansenkun en 3.1 shows a partial section through a piston 1 and a cylinder head 5. The piston 1 is provided with the combustion chamber 2 and the countersinks 3. In. the countersinking, e ,, n 3 are immersed in the valve cone 4 of the cylinder head when it opens. The injection valve 6 is arranged centrally in the cylinder head 5. The fuel jets 7 'hit the hot lands between dep. Countersinking 3.

Die Abb. 3 und 4 zeigen eine Draufsicht auf den Kolben 1. In der Abb. 2 hat der Verbrennungsraum 2 zwei Ansenkungen 3. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Anzahl und Lage der Brennstoffstrahlen 7 beträgt im Beispiel vier. Durch einen mit Pfeilen 8 angedeuteten Axialwirbel wird der Brennstoff in die Ansenkungen 3 hineingeweht. In der gleichen Weise zeigen die Abb. 3 und 4 die Anordnung für Kolben mit drei und vier Ansenkungen 3 im Kolbenboden.FIGS. 3 and 4 show a top view of the piston 1. In FIG. 2, the combustion chamber 2 has two countersinks 3. The number and position of the fuel jets 7 proposed according to the invention is four in the example. The fuel is blown into the countersinks 3 by an axial vortex indicated by arrows 8. In the same way, FIGS. 3 and 4 show the arrangement for pistons with three and four countersinks 3 in the piston crown.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Mit Luftverdichtung und Selbstzündung arbeitende Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine, deren Brennraum unterhalb der hängend angeordneten Ventile durcheine muldenförmigeAusnehmungimKolbenboden begrenzt wird, auf deren Wand mehrere gleichmäßig über den Zylinderumfang verteilte Brennstoffstrahlen aus einer in der Zylinderachse angeordneten Einspritzdüse auftreffen, und bei welcher der in den Zylinder einströmenden Luft eine um die Zylinderachse kreisende Bewegung erteilt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennstoffstrahlen (7) ausschließlich auf die heißen Teile der Brennraumwand aufprallen, die zwischen an sich bekannten Ansenkungen (3) für die Ventilkegel im Kolbenboden liegen. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Auto-Technik, 1925, Nr. 17, S. 15/16; USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 001358. PATENT CLAIM: Injection internal combustion engine working with air compression and compression ignition, the combustion chamber of which is delimited below the suspended valves by a trough-shaped recess in the piston base, on the wall of which several fuel jets evenly distributed over the cylinder circumference strike from an injection nozzle arranged in the cylinder axis, and in which the air flowing into the cylinder hits is issued to the cylinder axis of orbital movement, characterized in that the fuel jets (7) impinge solely on the hot parts of the combustion chamber wall lying between known counterbores (3) for the valve cone in the piston bottom. Publications considered: Auto-Technik, 1925, No. 17, pp. 15/16; U.S. Patent No. 2,001358.
DEM46798A 1960-10-11 1960-10-11 Injection internal combustion engine Pending DE1122323B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM46798A DE1122323B (en) 1960-10-11 1960-10-11 Injection internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM46798A DE1122323B (en) 1960-10-11 1960-10-11 Injection internal combustion engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1122323B true DE1122323B (en) 1962-01-18

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538566A (en) * 1982-04-23 1985-09-03 Hino Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion chamber in a diesel engine
FR2921439A3 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-27 Renault Sas Compression ignition internal combustion engine e.g. direct-injection diesel engine, has cylinder head including fire face, where minimal distance between valve and nearest boundary of jet from cone axis is higher than specific millimeter
FR2952680A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-20 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Piston for e.g. diesel type direct-injection internal combustion engine for light motor vehicle, has radial channel extending along radial axis, where radial channel is arranged in crown of piston and opened on lip

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2001358A (en) * 1931-12-02 1935-05-14 American Car & Foundry Motor Internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2001358A (en) * 1931-12-02 1935-05-14 American Car & Foundry Motor Internal combustion engine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4538566A (en) * 1982-04-23 1985-09-03 Hino Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion chamber in a diesel engine
FR2921439A3 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-27 Renault Sas Compression ignition internal combustion engine e.g. direct-injection diesel engine, has cylinder head including fire face, where minimal distance between valve and nearest boundary of jet from cone axis is higher than specific millimeter
FR2952680A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-20 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Piston for e.g. diesel type direct-injection internal combustion engine for light motor vehicle, has radial channel extending along radial axis, where radial channel is arranged in crown of piston and opened on lip

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