DE102012011159A1 - Combustion chamber for opposed piston engine e.g. diesel engine, has igniters and/or injectors attached with cylinder head, and combustion chamber main portion whose geometry is aligned in traveling direction of rotating pistons - Google Patents
Combustion chamber for opposed piston engine e.g. diesel engine, has igniters and/or injectors attached with cylinder head, and combustion chamber main portion whose geometry is aligned in traveling direction of rotating pistons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102012011159A1 DE102012011159A1 DE201210011159 DE102012011159A DE102012011159A1 DE 102012011159 A1 DE102012011159 A1 DE 102012011159A1 DE 201210011159 DE201210011159 DE 201210011159 DE 102012011159 A DE102012011159 A DE 102012011159A DE 102012011159 A1 DE102012011159 A1 DE 102012011159A1
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- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- piston
- engines
- piston engines
- cylinder head
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/0624—Swirl flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/066—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray the injector being located substantially off-set from the cylinder centre axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
- F02B23/069—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets characterised by its eccentricity from the cylinder axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
- F02B25/08—Engines with oppositely-moving reciprocating working pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/28—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
- F02B75/282—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders the pistons having equal strokes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Description
Konventionelle Hubkolbenmotoren mit gesteuertem Gaswechsel durch Ventile im Zylinderkopf und ebenfalls dort angebrachten Zünd-, bzw. Einspritzorganen, unterscheiden sich damit grundsätzlich von Gegenkolbenmotoren, welche keine Zylinderköpfe aufweisen. Bei diesen Gegenkolbenmotoren muss deshalb die Zu- und Abführung der Gase im Zylinder durch Schlitze oder Durchbrüche in den Zylinderwänden erfolgen. Die Organe für die Kraftstoffzufuhr bzw. die Zündung des Gemisches müssen ebenfalls seitlich an den Zylinderaußenseiten angebracht werden. Dies erfordert einen von konventioneller Technologie abweichenden Mischvorgang und die Entwicklung von neuen Brennraumformen mit seitlichen statt zentral angeordneten Zünd- und Einspritzorganen.Conventional reciprocating engines with controlled gas exchange through valves in the cylinder head and there also mounted ignition or injection devices, thus differ fundamentally from opposed piston engines, which have no cylinder heads. In these reciprocating engines, therefore, the supply and discharge of gases in the cylinder must be done through slots or openings in the cylinder walls. The fuel supply or ignition of the mixture must also be mounted on the sides of the cylinder. This requires a deviating from conventional technology mixing process and the development of new combustion chamber shapes with lateral instead of centrally located ignition and injection devices.
Im Vergleich zu den marktüblichen Hubkolbenmotoren, insbesondere Dieselmotoren, ist die Gemischbildung bei Gegenkolbenmotoren weit weniger gründlich untersucht und analysiert. Es bedarf daher noch eines großen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaufwandes, um eine optimale Brennraumgeometrie auch hinsichtlich der Lage der Einspritzdüse, der Drallbildung und der Verteilung des Kraftstoffes im Brennraum zu bestimmen.In comparison to the commercially available reciprocating engines, especially diesel engines, the mixture formation in opposed piston engines is much less thoroughly investigated and analyzed. It therefore still requires a great deal of research and development in order to determine an optimal combustion chamber geometry also with regard to the position of the injection nozzle, the formation of swirl and the distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber.
Bei diesen Bemühungen geht man, insbesondere bei Dieselmotoren, gewohnheitsmäßig davon aus, dass der Brennraum sich auf der Stirnseite der Kolben befindet, wobei er jedoch bei Gegenkolbenmotoren für eine am Zylinderrand sitzende Einspritzdüse nicht mehr in gewohnter Weise erreichbar ist. Das hat unter anderem zur Folge, dass der Kraftstoff von der Brennraum-Außenwand in Richtung Brennraummitte eingespritzt werden muss, statt – wie üblich – umgekehrt von einer zentral angeordneten Düse in Richtung Brennraum-Außenwand. Nachteilig wirkt sich dabei aus, dass man mit nur einer Einspritzdüse – auch mit mehreren Löchern – nicht den ganzen Brennraum gleichmäßig durchmischen kann, weil hierzu eine unterschiedliche Strahllänge und Intensität erforderlich wäre. Deshalb werden oft mehrere, am Zylinderaußendurchmesser angeordnete Zünd- oder Einspritzorgane verwendet, um eine bessere Durchmischung von Kraftstoff und Luft zu erreichen.In these efforts, it is customary, especially in diesel engines, to assume that the combustion chamber is located on the end face of the pistons, but it can no longer be reached in the usual way in the case of piston engines for an injection nozzle seated on the edge of the cylinder. This has the consequence, among other things, that the fuel must be injected from the combustion chamber outer wall in the direction of the combustion chamber center, instead of - as usual - vice versa from a centrally located nozzle in the direction of the combustion chamber outer wall. The disadvantage of this is that with only one injector - even with multiple holes - can not uniformly mix the entire combustion chamber, because this would require a different beam length and intensity. Therefore, multiple, arranged on the cylinder outer diameter ignition or injection devices are often used to achieve a better mixing of fuel and air.
Hier setzt nun die Erfindung ein, die sich die Aufgabe gestellt hat, langerprobte Brennraumgeometrien und Anordnungen von Einspritz- und Zündorganen für Gegenkolbenmotoren analog zu übernehmen und damit für die Gemischbildung weitgehend ähnliche Bedingungen zu schaffen, wie sie bei heutigen Serienmotoren bereits vorliegen.This is where the invention begins, which has taken on the task of analogous to take over proven combustion chamber geometries and arrangements of injection and ignition devices for opposed piston engines and thus to create conditions for the mixture largely similar conditions as they are already present in today's production engines.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die gesamte klassische Brennraumgeometrie samt der Lage der zugehörigen Einspritz- oder Zündorgane so gedreht wird, so dass die Zylinderwand virtuell nun die Zylinderkopfunterseite darstellt, d. h. der Brennraum wird nicht von der Kolbenstirnseite eingebracht, sondern von der Feuerstegseite, also vom Kolbenumfangsbereich oberhalb des ersten Kolbenrings.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the entire classic combustion chamber geometry, including the position of the associated injection or ignition devices is rotated so that the cylinder wall is now virtually the cylinder head base, d. H. the combustion chamber is not introduced by the piston end face, but by the Feuerstegseite, ie from the piston peripheral region above the first piston ring.
Da der Brennraum auf beide Kolben aufgeteilt ist, bleibt – im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Brennräumen – die Brennraumgeometrie jedoch hier nur solange erhalten, wie sich die beiden Kolben im Bereich des oberen Totpunktes befinden, d. h. bis der Misch- und Verbrennungsvorgang abgeschlossen ist. Wenn sich die Kolben vom oberen Totpunkt entfernen, zieht sich ein solcher Brennraum wieder in zwei Teile auseinander. Vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass das Gas nicht wie gewohnt über die der Düse zugewandte Brennraumöffnung ein und ausströmt, sondern überwiegend über die Querteilung des Brennraumes an den Stirnseiten der Kolben. Dadurch kann die Brennraumöffnung ohne Strömungsverluste erheblich verkleinert und damit noch besser an die Einspritzgeometrie angepasst werden oder sogar einer Kugelform angenähert werden, welche das günstigste Verhältnis von Oberfläche zu Volumen darstellt. Um die Länge der Einspritzstrahlen vor Erreichen der Brennraumwände zu vergrößern, kann der Brennraum hier erheblich tiefer ausgeführt werden, ohne dass dadurch die Kolbenhöhe vergrößert werden muss. Falls erforderlich kann der verbleibende Kolbenspalt im oberen Totpunkt so an der Teilungsstelle durch einen Kragen abgedeckt werden, so dass ein Eindringen von Kraftstoff in den Spalt während der Einspritzung vermieden wird. Erfindungsgemäß können unter Wahrung herkömmlicher Brennraumverhältnisse auch Glühstifte oder andere Starthilfsvorrichtungen angebracht werden. Im Gegensatz zur konventionellen Technologie, hat man aber für die Position des Glühstiftes eine weitaus freiere Wahl, da dieser praktisch an jeder Stelle vom Feuersteg aus in den Brennraum hineinreichen kann.Since the combustion chamber is divided between the two pistons, however, the combustion chamber geometry is retained here only as long as the two pistons are in the region of top dead center, in contrast to conventional combustion chambers. H. until the mixing and combustion process is completed. When the pistons move away from top dead center, such a combustion chamber is pulled apart again in two parts. It is advantageous that the gas does not flow in as usual via the nozzle opening facing the combustion chamber opening and out, but predominantly on the transverse distribution of the combustion chamber at the end faces of the piston. As a result, the combustion chamber opening can be considerably reduced without flow losses and thus be even better adapted to the injection geometry or even approximated to a spherical shape, which represents the most favorable surface-to-volume ratio. In order to increase the length of the injection jets before reaching the combustion chamber walls, the combustion chamber can be made considerably deeper here, without thereby increasing the piston height. If necessary, the remaining piston gap at top dead center can be covered by a collar at the division point, so that penetration of fuel into the gap during injection is avoided. In accordance with the invention, while maintaining conventional combustion chamber conditions, glow plugs or other start assist devices can also be attached. In contrast to conventional technology, however, one has for the position of the glow plug a much freer choice, as it can reach practically anywhere from the top land in the combustion chamber.
Ein großer Vorteil von Gegenkolbenmotoren hinsichtlich ihrer Effizienz ist das günstige Verhältnis von geringer Brennraumoberfläche zu großem Brennraumvolumen, woraus geringere Wärmeverluste resultieren. Im Prinzip können jedoch auch zwei oder mehr Brennräume der erfindungsgemäßen Art vorhanden sein, die dann jeweils ihre eigene Einspritzung aufweisen.A major advantage of opposed piston engines in terms of their efficiency is the favorable ratio of low combustion chamber surface to large combustion chamber volume, resulting in lower heat losses. In principle, however, two or more combustion chambers of the type according to the invention may also be present, which then each have their own injection.
Die Erfindung wurde entwickelt und ist gut geeignet für Viertakt-Diesel-Gegenkolbenmotoren mit Steuerung des Gaswechsels durch Schiebebüchsen, wie beispielsweise in der Patentanmeldung
Bildbeschreibungimage Description
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102004032452 A1 [0008] DE 102004032452 A1 [0008]
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201210011159 DE102012011159A1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Combustion chamber for opposed piston engine e.g. diesel engine, has igniters and/or injectors attached with cylinder head, and combustion chamber main portion whose geometry is aligned in traveling direction of rotating pistons |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201210011159 DE102012011159A1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Combustion chamber for opposed piston engine e.g. diesel engine, has igniters and/or injectors attached with cylinder head, and combustion chamber main portion whose geometry is aligned in traveling direction of rotating pistons |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102012011159A1 true DE102012011159A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
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DE201210011159 Withdrawn DE102012011159A1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2012-06-05 | Combustion chamber for opposed piston engine e.g. diesel engine, has igniters and/or injectors attached with cylinder head, and combustion chamber main portion whose geometry is aligned in traveling direction of rotating pistons |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112127991A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 北京理工大学 | Side-mounted oil supply double-wall-collision diversion type oil-gas mixing system |
CN114294091A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-08 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Combustion system that side oil spout multilayer water conservancy diversion was lighted |
RU2770967C1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-04-25 | Александр Владимирович Плетнев | Multifuel internal combustion engine with oppositely moving pistons |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004032452A1 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-26 | Daude, Otto, Dr.-Ing. | Gas exchange control for piston engines |
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2012
- 2012-06-05 DE DE201210011159 patent/DE102012011159A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004032452A1 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-26 | Daude, Otto, Dr.-Ing. | Gas exchange control for piston engines |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2770967C1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-04-25 | Александр Владимирович Плетнев | Multifuel internal combustion engine with oppositely moving pistons |
CN112127991A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-25 | 北京理工大学 | Side-mounted oil supply double-wall-collision diversion type oil-gas mixing system |
CN112127991B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-12-14 | 北京理工大学 | Side-mounted oil supply double-wall-collision diversion type oil-gas mixing system |
CN114294091A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-08 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Combustion system that side oil spout multilayer water conservancy diversion was lighted |
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R086 | Non-binding declaration of licensing interest | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee | ||
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: ELSBETT, GUENTER, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ELSBETT, GUENTER, 91154 ROTH, DE Effective date: 20141209 |
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R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20150101 |