DE1099077B - Power transmission device with magnetically connectable parts - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to a power transmission device with magnetically coupled parts, in particular for the punching devices of punch card machines or the like.

With machines for data processing and other machines you need small units for selective Transmission of a force causing the actuation. Since every machine has a large number of such Required units, they must be very small, simple and cheap to manufacture and reliable in their Way of working. For example, machines for data processing usually have a punching device with a die and a plurality of punches movable relative to it; each of the stamps will controlled by an intermediate device, which in some arrangements the movement of the The punch is blocked relative to the die and with others the punch with its actuating device couples, so that it is decided by this intermediate device whether a hole is punched or not.

The invention is based on the object of an improved electromechanical power transmission device, especially for machines for data processing, which are extremely small in their dimensions, is simple and cheap to manufacture and reliable in its operation. If so desired it should also be possible to save the last command received until a new command is received.

In the device according to the invention, the mutual magnetic polarity of two force transmission elements, which can be brought into and out of engagement with each other, used to power transmission to control. When using transmission parts made of permanent magnetic material the last command received is stored until a new command is received.

A preferred embodiment of the invention contains two axially mutually displaceable sockets; one of these sockets contains a movably supported first magnetic element and the other a second magnetic element connected to it, which is spatially opposite to the first magnetic Element and is arranged at a small axial distance from him. To switch the power transmission on or off, control means are provided through which the mutual polarity of the opposite Ends of the magnetic elements is controlled. If power is to be transmitted, both of them magnetic elements given opposite polarities; otherwise get the magnetic Elements have the same polarities.

When the two sockets moved towards each other

Power transmission device
with magnetically connectable parts

Applicant:

Svenska Dataregister AB,
Solna (Sweden)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. GW Schmidt, patent attorney,
Munich 5, Buttermelcherstr. 19th

Claimed priority:
Sweden, 9 September 1958

Gösta R. Englund, Stockholm,
has been named as the inventor

and opposite polarities are induced in the magnetic elements, the ends of the two magnetic elements held in a coincident, axially aligned position so that they are together come into engagement and transmit the force between the two bushings. Get the magnetic If elements have the same polarities, the first magnetic element is out of the way of the second magnetic element deflected so that the magnetic elements do not engage with each other come and not transmit power. The operation of the power transmission device is therefore by determines the mutual polarities of the two magnetic transmission elements.

In order to control these mutual polarities, the magnetic elements can, for example, be made of soft Made of iron and provided with coaxial excitation coils arranged on the sockets. By Appropriate excitation of the coils can change the polarities of the magnetic elements in the desired Way to be controlled. Instead, it is also possible to use one of the two magnetic elements as a permanent magnet without forming an excitation coil and making the other from soft iron and with a Provide excitation coil. According to a further modification, both magnetic elements can be made from consist permanent magnetic material, only one of the two is provided with an excitation coil. If the polarity of the magnetic element provided with the excitation coil is reversed by reversing the direction of the current, so it keeps the new polarity until the next one,

109 509/469

opposite excitation of the coil. The device· therefore stores the last signal received until a new signal is received.

In a punching device according to the invention, one of the two sockets is connected to a punch, the free end of which is arranged opposite a die (perforated plate). When punching a hole should, the control means give the two magnetic elements opposite polarities, so that one Relative movement between punch and die takes place. If both magnetic elements are made of permanent magnetic Material, it is possible to use the commands for a plurality of stamps too store so that the same punching is carried out repeatedly until a new command is received which changes the pattern of the magnetizations of the stamps.

Some embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an electromechanical power transmission device according to the invention at rest;

Fig. 2 shows the same device in the inoperative position;

3 shows this device in the coupling position;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a modified embodiment the subject of the invention in the rest position;

Fig. 5 shows this object in the coupling position;

Fig. 6 shows it in the inoperative position;

Fig. 7 is a view, partly in section, of a punch unit according to the invention;

Fig. 8 shows a modified embodiment of a punch unit;

Fig. 9 shows a further modification of a punching unit;

10 is a schematic perspective view of a punching device having a plurality of Stamp.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 3 of a power transmission device according to the invention is denoted by the general reference number 20. The device 20 includes two sockets 22 and 24, between which the power is transmitted. The working element, for example a punch 26, is connected to the upper end of the bush 22. In the lower end of the socket 22, a stepped piece 24a of the lower socket 24 engages with a sliding fit a.

Two magnetic elements 28 and 30 are used to control the coupling action of the device 20. The magnetic element 28 can be pivoted relative to the socket 22; its plate 28a rests on the annular projection 22 α with the bore 32 through which the shaft 28 passes downwards. The lower end of the magnetic element 28 has a tip 28 & in the shape of a truncated cone. The magnetic element 30 is firmly connected to the socket 24 and is held by a plug 34 which closes the lower end of the socket 24. The upper end of the magnetic element 30 has a recess 30 a in the form of a truncated cone, which serves to receive the tip 28 b of the magnetic element 28. In the rest position of FIG. 1, the elements 28 and 30 are arranged coaxially and at a certain distance from one another.

The operation of the power transmission device 20 is determined by the relative polarities of the opposite Ends of the magnetic elements 28 and 30 are controlled. If these ends have the same polarity, so they repel each other; element 28 is therefore deflected to the position of FIG. 2 when the sockets 22 and 24 are pushed together; there is therefore no coupling effect. Have the opposite On the other hand, ends of elements 28 and 30 have different polarities, so they come in the Fig. 3 shown manner in engagement with one another,

ίο the sockets 22 and 24 being coupled to one another and the force exerted on the bush 24 is transmitted to the punch 26. To the magnetic Element 28 to give the desired polarity, an excitation coil 36 is arranged in the socket 22, which surrounds the shaft of the magnetic element 28. The magnetic element 28 can, for example, from Soft iron consist. Similarly, the magnetic element 30 can be formed from soft iron and be surrounded by a coil 38 which is arranged in the socket 24.

If the device 20 for the transmission of forces is to be made ineffective, the Coils 36 and 38 energized such that the lower end of element 28 and the upper end of element 30 get the same magnetic polarity. The bushings 22 and 24 are then pushed together relative to one another, by moving either or both of them. The same magnetic polarities the ends of elements 28 and 30 cause the same to repel, so that element 28 is in position 2 comes and passes element 30. There is therefore no engagement of the parts 28 and 30 and thus no connection of the sockets 22 and 24 instead, so that the exerted on the device 20 Force is ineffective.

When the device 20 is to be made effective to transmit forces from one of the two sockets 22 and 24 to the other, currents are sent through the coils 36 and 38 in such a direction that the lower end of the element 28 and the upper end of the Element 30 obtained opposite magnetic polarities. The sockets 22 and 24 are then brought closer to one another, the attraction of the ends of the elements 28 and 30 causing the tip 28 b of the element 28 to enter the cavity 30 a of the element 30. Upon further displacement of the bushings 22 and 24 towards one another, the head plate 28 a of the element 28 lifts from the projection 22 a and comes into engagement with the conical end 26 a of the punch 26, as shown in FIG. 3. (If the ends of the parts 28 and 30 have the same polarity, the element 28 is initially lifted from its seat when the bushings 22 and 24 are pushed together by the repulsion until the plate 28a touches the conical tip 26 a. The conical tip 26 α in this case enables the element 28 to be pivoted into the position shown in FIG. 2. As soon as the parts have reached the position of FIG the other is transmitted. After the end of the power stroke, the sockets 22 and 24 assume the rest position of FIG. 1 again. When the excitation of the coils 36 and 38 is interrupted, the magnetism of the parts 28 and 30 disappears, provided that they are made of soft iron which has little remanent magnetism.

The operation of the device 20 depends on the relative polarities of the opposite ends of the magnetic elements 28 and 30 depends

various means can be provided to control this effect. In a modified embodiment of the invention, there is one of the two elements 28 and 30 made of permanent magnetic material, while the other consists of soft iron and an excitation coil, for example the coil 36 or the coil 38 has. For example, the element 28 can be used as a permanent magnet be formed, the coil 36 being omitted, while the magnetic element 30 is omitted consists of soft iron and an excitation coil 38 has. By appropriate excitation of the coil 38 can the upper end of the magnetic element 30 can be given a polarity that is either the same or the opposite is that of the lower end of the permanent magnetic element 28. Instead the element 30 can be designed as a permanent magnet, so that only the coil 36 is required to the To control the polarity of the lower end of the magnetic element 28.

In a further modification of the device 20, which is particularly advantageous if the last Given command is to be saved, the two elements 28 and 30 consist of permanent magnetic Material, but only one of the two coils 36 and 38 is provided. It is assumed that the Elements 28 and 30 consist of permanent magnetic material and that the coil 38 has been omitted is. The coil 36 can then be briefly excited by a current in a certain direction, the Element 28 receives the corresponding magnetic polarity and maintains it even after the current has stopped. This magnetic polarity remains until the coil 36 is energized in the opposite sense will. In the meantime between such energizations of the coil 36 with current, the device stores 20 the last command received, so that it remains either effective or ineffective, the power to transfer. It is of course also possible for the two elements 28 and 30 to be made of permanent magnetic Material exist and the coil 36 is omitted, so that only the coil 38 remains. The device 20 works in the same way, except that the magnetism of element 30 (instead of the Magnetism of the element 28) is controlled.

In Fig. 4 to 6, a modified embodiment of the subject invention is shown, which with denoted by the general reference numeral 42. The arrangement is essentially the same as that of the Device 20, except that the socket 24 and the magnetic Element 30 of Fig. 1 are replaced by the magnetic piston 44 which is slidable in the socket 22 is arranged. The magnetic piston 44 of FIG. 4 therefore fulfills the functions of the parts 24 and 30 of FIG. 1. The upper end of the magnetic piston 44, which has a first shoulder 46 and has a second shoulder 48, receives a certain magnetization, either through a coil (not shown in the drawing) which corresponds to the coil 38 of FIG. 1, or thereby, that the magnetic piston 44 is designed as a permanent magnet. A non-magnetic stop 50 at the upper end of the part 44 ensures that the lower end of the element 28 is in the normal position of the device 42 is a certain distance from the upper end of the piston 44.

When the sleeve 22 and the magnetic piston 44 are moved towards each other, the lower one comes End of portion 28 engages the end face of shoulder 48 as shown in Fig. 5, provided that the ends of parts 28 and 44 have opposite polarities. The force is therefore directly from the magnetic piston 44 via the magnetic element 28 to the bush 22 and the one connected to it Transfer stamp 26. If the ends of parts 28 and 44 have the same magnetic polarity, so the magnetic element 28 is in the manner shown in FIG. 6 in the recess of the shoulder 46 deflected so that no force is transmitted between the sleeve 22 and the magnetic piston 44.

Fig. 7 shows a punching unit designated by the general reference numeral 60, which a Power transmission device 20 according to FIG. 1, the effect of which is determined by the type of magnetization the magnetic elements 28 and 30 is controlled. The punching unit 60 contains a die or Perforated plate 62 with a bore 64 into which the punch connected to the bush 22 enters. A Workpiece 66, such as a punch card or a punched tape, is between the punch and the perforated plate arranged.

The lower end 34 of the socket 24 is connected to a fixed housing part, so that the Bushing 24 cannot move relative to the housing. The socket 22 opposite the socket 24 Is arranged slidably, is guided in a bore of the housing plate 70 with a sliding fit. In the case of the FIG illustrated embodiment, only the magnetic element 30 has an excitation coil corresponding to the Spool 38 of Figure 1; elements 28 and 30 are made of permanent magnetic material.

When a hole is to be punched in the card 66, the coil 38 is energized so that the upper The end of the magnetic element 30 is given a polarity opposite to that of the lower end of the permanent magnet 28. The die 62 is then by suitable means (not shown in the drawing) moved downward so that the card 66 is pressed against the upper end of the punch 26. Through this the punch 26 and the socket 22 are first pressed downwards. Once the parts have reached the position of the 3, a further downward movement of the plunger 26 is no longer possible. The punch 26 therefore enters the bore 64 of the die 62 and punches a hole in the card 66. If the ends of the magnetic elements 28 and 30 have the same polarity, the parts take the same Position of FIG. 2, so that no hole is punched in the card 66. After completion of the punching process the die 62 and the punch 26 by suitable (not shown in the drawing) Means returned to the starting position of FIG.

The magnetic elements 28 and 30 and the associated excitation coils can of course also be used in any other of the types described above.

8 shows a somewhat modified punching unit, which is designated by the general reference numeral 72 is. The punching unit 72 operates in essentially the same way as the punching unit 60 of FIG. 7. Here, too, the bushing 22 is slidably arranged in a stationary plate 70. Contrary to the embodiment 7, however, the die 62 is arranged in a stationary manner, while the bushing 24 is movable is; for this purpose it is provided with a reciprocating plate 74 which is supported by a (in the drawing not shown) drive is operated, firmly connected. In addition, the arrangement and mode of operation the same as in the embodiment according to FIG. 7.

1 Q99

FIG. 9 shows a further modification of a punching unit, which is denoted by the general reference numeral 80 is. The punch unit 80 includes a fixed housing part 82 with an upper bore 84, in which the socket 22 with the magnetic element 28 and the punch 26 is slidably arranged is. At the bottom of the housing part 82 a bore 86 is provided in which an excitation coil 88 is arranged is. At the top and bottom of the bore 86, smaller bores 90 and 92 are provided, in which a magnetic element 94 is slidably guided. The magnetic element 94 corresponds to the element 30 of the device 20 of FIG. 1. The magnetic Elements 28 and 94 are preferably made of permanent magnetic material so that through Feed coil 88 either same or opposite magnetic polarities in the upper end of the element 94 and in the lower end of the element 28 can be generated.

The punching unit 80 is actuated in that, with the perforated plate 62 stationary, the element 94 is advanced by a drive device (not shown in the drawing). If the ends of the elements 28 and 94 have the same magnetic polarity, the element 28 is deflected and there is no actuation of the socket 22 and the plunger 26. Conversely, if these elements have opposite polarities, the upper end of the element 94 comes with the lower end of the element 28 in engagement, so that the head plate 28 α is displaced upwards until it touches the tip 26 a of the punch 26. As the element 94 continues to advance, the bushing 22 and punch 26 are advanced so that a hole is punched in the card 66. After the end of the dance process, the parts return to the rest position of FIG. The magnetic polarities of elements 28 and 94 can be controlled in any of the ways described.

10 shows schematically, essentially in a perspective view, one of several punching units existing punching device, denoted by the general reference numeral 100. the The punching device 100 contains a plurality of punching units 102, which are, for example, in the manner of The punching unit 60 of FIG. 7 can be formed. The lower ends of the units 102 are connected to the fixed frame connected. The recording means 104 is located above the stamp, for example a card to be punched or a strip over which the die or perforated plate 106 with a plurality of bores 108 is arranged.

Each of the punching units. 102 has an excitation winding corresponding to winding 38 in FIG. 1, the excitation of which determines in one sense or another whether or not a hole is to be punched in the card by the unit in question. The excitation is controlled by a control unit 110, the output of which is connected to the coils 38 of the punching units 102 via a multi-core cable 112. The control unit 110, which can be constructed in any of many known ways and provides output signals of the desired polarity, includes two signal inputs. One of these inputs is connected to the scanning head 114, which scans the signals recorded on a recording medium 116 and forwards them. The other input of the control unit 110 is connected to a keypad 118. When the recording medium 116 is moved past the scanning head 114, % <* signals occurring simultaneously or one after the other are generated which correspond to the information recorded on the recording medium 116; these are applied to the excitation windings 38 of the punching units 102 via the control unit 110 and the cable 112. These signals magnetize the force transmission elements 30 (FIG. 1) of the units 102 (FIG. 10) with one or the other polarity, depending on whether the punching unit 102 in question is to punch a hole or not. The punching units 102 are therefore made effective or ineffective depending on the type of magnetization of the permanent magnetic elements 30. If the information to be recorded on the card 104 in the form of perforations is to be keyed in by hand, the buttons on the keypad 118 are actuated in the desired manner, with similar signals being sent to the excitation windings 38 of the units 102 via the control unit 110 and the cable 112 are given. The punching units 102 of FIG. 10 need not, of course, be designed in the manner of the unit 60 of FIG. 7, in which the elements 28 and 30 are made of permanent magnetic material in order to be able to store the information received. The units 102 may instead be formed in any of the other ways described.

The perforated plate 106 is actuated by a shaft 134 with two eccentrics 126 and 128, which control the vertical movement of a shaft 120, at the ends of which rollers are arranged, the are in engagement with the eccentrics 126 and 128. The shaft 120 is in two bearing blocks 122 and 124 stored, which are connected to the perforated plate 106. Two springs 130 and 132 look for the perforated plate to press up, so that the rollers of the shaft 120 always with the eccentrics 126 and 128 in engagement stand. The shaft 134 is actuated by a drive device 136. When the drive device receives a start signal from the control device 110, the drive 136 is actuated in such a way that the shaft 134 makes a single full turn and then comes to a stop again. During this rotation the perforated plate 106 is pressed down in the direction of the punching units 102 and reverses back to their original position. During the downward movement of the perforated plate 106 and the workpiece 104, the stamps of the individual punching units 102 are either made effective or ineffective, so that the information transmitted to the units 102 in the form of perforations on the card or the strip 104 is recorded. Feed rollers 138 arranged on the shaft 140 (of which in only one is shown in the drawing) cause the card or strip 104 to advance after each Punching process.

When the same information is recorded on the workpiece 104 repeatedly should, it is not necessary to give these again to the punching units 102, since the last ones transmitted Signals by the permanent magnetic elements 30 are stored. It is therefore in in this case only required to operate the drive device 136 repeatedly until New information can be given to the combined punching device via the control unit 110 target.

The invention is not limited to the darge ^ presented and described exemplary embodiments, but also includes changes made within the framework of the inventive concept set out. So can

for example, the two mutually displaceable members, for. B. the sockets 22 and 24, in any one other, per se known manner. The shape of the magnetic power transmission elements, for example of elements 28 and 30, and the type of movable mounting of one these elements, for example element 28, are capable of numerous modifications.

Claims (12)

Patent claims: 1. Power transmission device with two coaxially arranged and in the longitudinal direction mutually displaceable parts that can be coupled magnetically, especially for machines data processing, characterized in that the movable parts (22 and 24) each contain a magnetic force transmission element (28 or 30) that these two magnetic Elements in the rest position are arranged coaxially to one another and at a certain distance from one another and that at least one of the magnetic elements is deflectable from the coaxial position is, as well as further characterized by control means (36, 38) by which the opposite Ends of the magnetic elements are either the same or an opposite magnetic Polarity is given (Fig. 1 to 3). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two in the longitudinal direction mutually displaceable parts as telescopically interlocking cylindrical sockets (22, 24) are formed. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two magnetic elements (28, 30) are made of soft iron and are each surrounded by an excitation coil (36 or 38). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the two magnetic Elements is designed as a permanent magnet without an excitation coil, while the second consists of soft iron and is provided with an excitation coil. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the two magnetic Elements is designed as a permanent magnet without an excitation coil, while the second consists of permanent magnetic material and with an excitation coil is provided. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first (28) of the two magnetic elements consists of a shaft with a head plate (28a), which the latter rests on an annular projection (22 α). 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that opposite the head plate (28 a) a conical tip (26 a) is arranged, which in the rest position has a small distance from the head plate, but touches this in the case of power transmission. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the opposite ends of the two magnetic elements (28, 30) are designed as pins, of which the first has a conical projection (28 b) and the second a corresponding conical recess (30 a) has. 9. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the second magnetic element (4A) at the end opposite the first magnetic element (28) has two shoulders (48 and 46), of which the first (48) is operative of the two magnetic elements is used, while the second (46) receives the first magnetic element (28) in its deflected, inoperative position (FIGS. 4 to 6). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second magnetic Element (44) displaceable longitudinally in the first socket (22) with the omission of the second socket is arranged (Fig. 4 to 6). 11. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that above the first paragraph (48) a stop (50) made of non-metallic material is arranged. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second magnetic Element (94 in Fig. 9) displaceable longitudinally with the omission of the second socket in the frame (82) is stored. Considered publications:
German interpretative document No. 1 061 874. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings © 109 509/469 1.61