DE1091634B - Process for the production of porous electrode bodies serving as carriers of the active material for alkaline batteries - Google Patents

Process for the production of porous electrode bodies serving as carriers of the active material for alkaline batteries

Info

Publication number
DE1091634B
DE1091634B DER17145A DER0017145A DE1091634B DE 1091634 B DE1091634 B DE 1091634B DE R17145 A DER17145 A DE R17145A DE R0017145 A DER0017145 A DE R0017145A DE 1091634 B DE1091634 B DE 1091634B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
graphite
porous electrode
electrode bodies
alkaline batteries
active material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DER17145A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Friedrich Reiber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DER17145A priority Critical patent/DE1091634B/en
Publication of DE1091634B publication Critical patent/DE1091634B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/80Porous plates, e.g. sintered carriers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von als Träger der aktiven Masse dienenden porösen Elektrodenkörpern für alkalische Akkumulatoren Es ist bekannt, daß man poröse Elektrodenkörper aus Kohle oder Graphit hergestellt hat; nichtleitende poröse Elektrodenkörper hat man versucht, durch Zusätze von Graphit oder Metallpulver leitend zu machen, oder man hat deren Porenwände mit einem metallischen Überzug versehen.Process for the preparation of serving as a carrier for the active material porous electrode bodies for alkaline batteries It is known that porous Electrode body made of carbon or graphite; non-conductive porous electrode bodies has one tried to make conductive by adding graphite or metal powder, or their pore walls have been provided with a metallic coating.

Zur praktischen Verwendung kamen diese Herstellungsarten aber nicht. Die Gründe waren folgende: Ein Elektrodenkörper aus Kohle unterlag bei der anodischen Oxydation in der Lauge der völligen Auflösung, der Kohlenstoff hat sich teilweise von der positiven Elektrode gelöst und auf die negative Elektrode niedergeschlagen. Bei Verwendung einer porösen Elektrode aus Graphit ging dieser Zerfall jedoch langsamer. Bei porösen Elektroden aus nichtleitenden Stoffen, beispielsweise Kunstharze, Porzellan, Glas, Magnesiumoxyd, hat man versucht, die Leitfähigkeit durch Beimengung von Metallpulvern oder Graphit zu erlangen. Diese Leitfähigkeit war aber ungenügend, so daß nur ein kleiner Teil der eingebrachten aktiven Masse, z. B. Nickelhydroxyd, wirksam wurde; daher war der Wirkungsgrad schlecht. Das Metallisieren der Porenwände der porösen Elektrode zwecks Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit führte ebenfalls nicht zum Ziel. Da eine stärkere Metallisierung, z. B. Vernickelung, die Poren schließt, können nur dünne Metallüberzüge verwendet werden. Diese werden aber bei der anodischen Oxydation (Ladung) in Lauge durchoxydiert, so daß keine zusammenhängende Metallschicht mehr erhalten bleibt. Dadurch geht die erzielte Leitfähigkeit wieder verloren.However, these types of production did not come into practical use. The reasons were as follows: A carbon electrode body failed the anodic one Oxidation in the lye of total dissolution, the carbon has partially detached from the positive electrode and deposited on the negative electrode. However, when a porous graphite electrode was used, this disintegration was slower. In the case of porous electrodes made of non-conductive materials, e.g. synthetic resins, porcelain, Glass, magnesium oxide, has been tried to increase the conductivity by adding metal powders or graphite. This conductivity was insufficient, so that only one small part of the introduced active mass, z. B. nickel hydroxide, was effective; therefore, the efficiency was poor. Metallizing the pore walls of the porous Electrode to increase conductivity also failed. There a stronger metallization, e.g. B. Nickel plating, which closes pores, can only thin metal coatings can be used. But these become with the anodic oxidation (Charge) completely oxidized in lye, so that there is no longer a cohesive metal layer preserved. As a result, the conductivity achieved is lost again.

Alle diese Nachteile sind im folgenden erfindungsgemäß behoben. Es ist beobachtet worden, daß Graphit durch anodische Oxydation nicht angegriffen wird, wenn man eine ausreichende Menge Nickel mit Graphit in Form von Pulver mischt und erhitzt. Es bildet sich auf der Oberfläche des Graphits eine voluminöse Nickeloxydschicht, die die unteren Schichten von Nickel und Graphit vor weiterer Auflösung schützt. Ähnlich bildet sich bei der anodischen Oxydation von kompaktem Nickel auf der Oberfläche eine Nickeloxydschicht, die die unteren Schichten vor weiterer Auflösung schützt. Diese Feststellung führte zum Aufbau von porösen Elektrodenkörpern nach folgendem Prinzip: Metallisiertes, d. h. mit einer dünnen Metallschicht überzogenes oder nichtmetallisiertes Graphitpulver oder Graphitgrieß wird mit 10% oder mehr feinem Nickelpulver innig vermischt, gepreßt und gesintert, zweckmäßig bei Temperaturen nahe unter dem Schmelzpunkt des Nickels. Das Nickel diffundiert einerseits in die Poren des Graphits, andererseits verbindet es die Graphitkörner untereinander zu einem festen porösen Elektrodenkörper. Um die Festigkeit und Leitfähigkeit dieser Elektroden noch zu erhöhen, werden in den Körper als Trägerunterlage Drähte, Netze, Bleche usw. eingebracht. Die gewünschte Porosität kann durch Beigabe von Quell-oder Treibmitteln oder nachträglich entziehbaren oder zerstörbaren Füllstoffen erreicht werden. Das Einbringen der aktiven Masse in die Poren der porösen Elektrode erfolgt in bekannter Weise.All these disadvantages are eliminated in the following according to the invention. It it has been observed that graphite is not attacked by anodic oxidation, if you mix a sufficient amount of nickel with graphite in the form of powder and heated. A voluminous nickel oxide layer forms on the surface of the graphite, which protects the lower layers of nickel and graphite from further dissolution. Similarly, with the anodic oxidation of compact nickel, it forms on the surface a nickel oxide layer that protects the lower layers from further dissolution. This finding led to the construction of porous electrode bodies according to the following Principle: Metallized, d. H. coated or unmetallized with a thin metal layer Graphite powder or graphite grit becomes intimate with 10% or more of fine nickel powder mixed, pressed and sintered, expediently at temperatures close to below the melting point of nickel. The nickel diffuses on the one hand into the pores of the graphite, on the other hand it connects the graphite grains to one another to form a solid, porous electrode body. To increase the strength and conductivity of these electrodes, in wires, nets, metal sheets, etc. are introduced into the body as a support base. The desired Porosity can be removed by adding swelling or blowing agents or subsequently or destructible fillers can be achieved. The introduction of the active material into the pores of the porous electrode takes place in a known manner.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH:. Verfahren zur Herstellung von als Träger der aktiven Masse dienenden porösen Elektrodenkörpern aus Graphit für alkalische Akkumulatoren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß metallisiertes oder nichtmetallisiertes Graphitpulver oder Graphitgrieß mit 1001o oder mehr feingepulvertem Nickelstaub innig vermischt, in eine Trägerunterlage gepreßt und bei Temperaturen bis nahe unter dem Schmelzpunkt des Metalls so lange gesintert wird, bis sich die Graphitteilchen untereinander und mit der Trägerunterlage verbunden haben. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patenschriften Nr. 749 774, 920 082; deutsche Patentanmeldung B 18184 IV a/21 b (bekanntgemacht am 30.7.1953) ; britische Patentschrift Nr. 653 235.PATENT CLAIM :. Process for the preparation of as a carrier of the active Mass porous graphite electrode bodies for alkaline batteries, characterized in that metallized or non-metallized graphite powder or graphite grits intimately mixed with 1001o or more finely powdered nickel dust, pressed into a support and at temperatures close to below the melting point of the metal is sintered until the graphite particles intermingle and connected to the carrier base. Considered publications: German patent publications No. 749 774, 920 082; German patent application B 18184 IV a / 21 b (published 7/30/1953); British Patent No. 653 235.
DER17145A 1955-07-28 1955-07-28 Process for the production of porous electrode bodies serving as carriers of the active material for alkaline batteries Pending DE1091634B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER17145A DE1091634B (en) 1955-07-28 1955-07-28 Process for the production of porous electrode bodies serving as carriers of the active material for alkaline batteries

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER17145A DE1091634B (en) 1955-07-28 1955-07-28 Process for the production of porous electrode bodies serving as carriers of the active material for alkaline batteries

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1091634B true DE1091634B (en) 1960-10-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DER17145A Pending DE1091634B (en) 1955-07-28 1955-07-28 Process for the production of porous electrode bodies serving as carriers of the active material for alkaline batteries

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1091634B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1496202B1 (en) * 1965-09-16 1969-10-23 Rheinisch Westfaelisches Elek Process for the production of an electrode framework for alkaline accumulators

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE749774C (en) * 1939-11-11 1944-12-05 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Sinter mold in which powder masses are sintered
GB653235A (en) * 1947-12-15 1951-05-09 Vogt Hans A porous electrode for galvanic accumulator elements and a method of producing such electrode
DE920082C (en) * 1948-10-20 1954-11-11 Lucien Paul Basset Molded bodies made of graphite from carrier for the active mass of accumulators and process for their production

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE749774C (en) * 1939-11-11 1944-12-05 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Sinter mold in which powder masses are sintered
GB653235A (en) * 1947-12-15 1951-05-09 Vogt Hans A porous electrode for galvanic accumulator elements and a method of producing such electrode
DE920082C (en) * 1948-10-20 1954-11-11 Lucien Paul Basset Molded bodies made of graphite from carrier for the active mass of accumulators and process for their production

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1496202B1 (en) * 1965-09-16 1969-10-23 Rheinisch Westfaelisches Elek Process for the production of an electrode framework for alkaline accumulators

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