DE1047321B - Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached - Google Patents

Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached

Info

Publication number
DE1047321B
DE1047321B DEN12600A DEN0012600A DE1047321B DE 1047321 B DE1047321 B DE 1047321B DE N12600 A DEN12600 A DE N12600A DE N0012600 A DEN0012600 A DE N0012600A DE 1047321 B DE1047321 B DE 1047321B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
alkaline earth
earth metal
molybdenum
cathode
behind
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEN12600A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Patrick Paul Coppola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Publication of DE1047321B publication Critical patent/DE1047321B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/20Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment
    • H01J1/28Dispenser-type cathodes, e.g. L-cathode

Landscapes

  • Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorratskathode, deren elektronenemittierender Körper aus einem porösen Körper aus Wolfram, Molybdän, Tantal, Hafnium oder ihren Legierungen besteht, in dem oder hinter dem Erdalkalimetallverbindungen angebracht sind, die freies Erdalkalimetall zu der emittierenden Oberfläche liefern.The invention relates to a supply cathode whose electron-emitting body consists of a porous body made of tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, hafnium or their alloys, in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached, the free alkaline earth metal to the emitting Deliver surface.

Insbesondere wenn die Kathode aus einem gepreßten und gesinterten Gemisch von hochschmelzendem Metall und Erdalkalimetall verbindungen besteht, ist die Verdampfung von Erdalkalimetall und/oder Oxyd für verschiedene Anwendungsgebiete vielfach zu groß.In particular if the cathode consists of a pressed and sintered mixture of high-melting There is metal and alkaline earth metal compounds, there is evaporation of alkaline earth metal and / or Oxide is often too large for various areas of application.

Die Erfindung bezweckt, eine Kathode zu schaffen, die diesen Nachteil in geringerem Maße aufweist.The invention aims to create a cathode, which has this disadvantage to a lesser extent.

Bei einer Vorratskathode, deren elektronenemittierender Körper aus einem porösen Körper aus Wolfram, Molybdän, Tantal, Hafnium oder ihren Legierungen besteht, in dem oder hinter dem Erdalkalimetallverbindungen angebracht sind, die freies Erdalkalimetall zur elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche liefern, ist nach der Erfindung der poröse Metallkörper an der Oberfläche derart mit kompaktem Molybdän versehen, daß die ebene emittierende Oberfläche abwechselnd aus porösem Metall und kompaktem Molybdän besteht, und es sind die Abmessungen des kompakten Molybdäns kleiner als die Migrationslänge des Erdalkalimetalls darauf.In the case of a supply cathode, the electron-emitting body of which is made up of a porous body Tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, hafnium or their alloys consists in or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached, the free alkaline earth metal to the electron-emitting surface provide, according to the invention, the porous metal body is so compact on the surface Molybdenum provided that the flat emitting surface alternately made of porous metal and compact Molybdenum exists, and the dimensions of the compact molybdenum are smaller than that Migration length of the alkaline earth metal on it.

Das kompakte Molybdän kann dabei in Form von Stäben oder Streifen in den porösen Metallkörper eingebettet werden.The compact molybdenum can be inserted into the porous metal body in the form of rods or strips be embedded.

Die Erfindung benutzt den Umstand, daß die Migrationslänge von Barium auf Molybdän verhältnismäßig groß ist, so daß bei einem größeren Abstand der Poren, die Erdalkalimetall an die Oberfläche liefern, trotzdem eine für die Emission hinreichende Bedeckung der Molybdänoberfläche erzielt wird. So beträgt für Barium (gegebenenfalls Bariumoxyd) die Migrationslänge auf Molybdän bei 1100° C Pyrometertemperatur etwa 0,3 mm, während bei 900° C Pyrometertemperatur die Migrationslänge bereits 0,6 mm ist.The invention uses the fact that the migration length from barium to molybdenum is relatively is large, so that with a greater distance between the pores, the alkaline earth metal to the surface deliver, despite the fact that sufficient coverage of the molybdenum surface for the emission is achieved. So for barium (or barium oxide) is the migration length to molybdenum at a pyrometer temperature of 1100 ° C about 0.3 mm, while at 900 ° C pyrometer temperature the migration length is already 0.6 mm.

Es ist einleuchtend, daß die Verdampfung wesentlich herabgesetzt wird, da bei einer Kathode nach der Erfindung nur ein Teil der elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche porös ist. Naturgemäß muß zwischen den nicht porösen Teilen eine hinreichend große Oberfläche verbleiben, um die gewünschte Menge Erdalkalimetall liefern zu können.It is evident that the evaporation is substantially reduced, since with a cathode after the Invention only part of the electron-emitting surface is porous. Naturally, between the non-porous parts have a sufficiently large surface area to hold the desired amount of alkaline earth metal to be able to deliver.

Es ist bereits bekannt, eine Kathode so zu gestalten, daß hinter einer Anzahl nebeneinanderliegender Bänder aus Wolfram oder Molybdän eine Menge Erdalkalioxyd aufgenommen ist. Die Emission kommt dadurch zustande, daß aktives Material durch Vorratskathode mit einem porösen
Körper, in dem oder, hinter dem
Erdalkalimetallverbindungen
angebracht sind . -
It is already known to design a cathode in such a way that a quantity of alkaline earth oxide is received behind a number of strips of tungsten or molybdenum lying next to one another. The emission comes about by the fact that active material through supply cathode with a porous
Body, in or behind that
Alkaline earth metal compounds
are appropriate. -

Anmelder:Applicant:

N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken,
Eindhoven (Niederlande)
NV Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken,
Eindhoven (Netherlands)

Vertreter: Dr. rer. nat. P. Roßbach, Patentanwalt,
Hamburg 1, Mönckebergstr. 7
Representative: Dr. rer. nat. P. Roßbach, patent attorney,
Hamburg 1, Mönckebergstr. 7th

Beanspruchte Priorität:
V. St. v. Amerika vom 15. August 1955
Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America August 15, 1955

Patrick Paul Coppola, Lancaster, Pa. (V. St. Α.),
ist als Erfinder genannt worden
Patrick Paul Coppola, Lancaster, Pa. (V. St. Α.),
has been named as the inventor

die Spalte zwischen den Bändern hindurch auf die Oberfläche gelangt. Abgesehen von der Tatsache, daß die teilweise aus Nickel bestehende Kathode keine genügend hohe Temperatur erreichen kann, ist es schwierig, zwischen den Spalten die gerade erforderliche Menge von aktivem Material hindurchtreten zu lassen, weil die exakte Bemessung der Spalte nicht ohne weiteres zu gewährleisten ist.the gap between the tapes passes through to the surface. Apart from the fact that The cathode, which is partly made of nickel, cannot reach a sufficiently high temperature, it is difficult to pass the just required amount of active material between the gaps because the exact dimensioning of the column cannot be guaranteed without further ado.

Es ist auch eine Vorratskathode bekannt, welche an der Oberfläche keinen porösen Körper aufweist, sondern zwei Folien mit feinen Öffnungen, welche in den beiden Folien gegeneinander versetzt sind. Auch hier ist es nicht einfach, die Kathode so zu gestalten, daß die Menge des diffundierenden Materials zur Oberfläche von Kathode zu Kathode reproduzierbar ist und den gewünschten Wert hat. Die Konstruktion, welche gewissermaßen als aufgebauter poröser Körper arbeiten soll, bietet den vorhandenen Verbindungen nicht genügend freie Metalloberfläche, um aus den vorhandenen Verbindungen das aktive Metall zu reduzieren, was auch bei der oben besprochenen bekannten Kathode zutrifft.A supply cathode is also known which does not have a porous body on the surface, but rather two foils with fine openings, which are offset against each other in the two foils. Here too it is not easy to design the cathode so that the amount of diffusing material to the surface is reproducible from cathode to cathode and has the desired value. The construction which to work as a built-up porous body, so to speak, offers the existing connections not enough free metal surface to reduce the active metal from the existing compounds, which also applies to the known cathode discussed above.

Die Erfindung wird an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, in der die Fig. 1 und 2 einen Schnitt bzw. eine Draufsicht einer Kathode nach der Erfindung darstellen.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIGS. 1 and 2 show a section or represent a plan view of a cathode according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 liegt der elektronenemittierende Körper 1 im Ende eines Molybdänzylinders 2, der einen Glüh-In Fig. 1, the electron-emitting body 1 is in the end of a molybdenum cylinder 2, which has an annealing

809 700/445809 700/445

körper 3 enthält. In der elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche des Körpers 1 sind Molybdänstreifen 4 in Form eines Gitters eingebettet, wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist. Der elektronenemittierende Körper besteht aus einem gepreßten und gesinterten Körper von 90 Gewichtsprozent einer Legierung von 25% Wolfram und 75°/o Molybdän mit 10 Gewichtsprozent eines geschmolzenen Gemisches von 5 Mol Bariumoxyd und 2 Mol Aluminiumoxyd. In den Körper sind beim Pressen Molybdänstreifen mit einer Breite von 0,3 mm und einem Abstand von 0,5 mm aufgenommen. Durch das Pressen und das darauffolgende Sintern werden die Streifen ein Ganzes mit dem porösen Kathodenkörper. Gegebenenfalls können die Streifen auch die Form kreisrunder Drähte haben.body 3 contains. Molybdenum strips 4 in the form of a grid are embedded in the electron-emitting surface of the body 1, as can be seen from FIG. 2. The electron-emitting body consists of a pressed and sintered body of 90 percent by weight of an alloy of 25% tungsten and 75 % molybdenum with 10 percent by weight of a molten mixture of 5 moles of barium oxide and 2 moles of aluminum oxide. During pressing, molybdenum strips with a width of 0.3 mm and a distance of 0.5 mm are taken into the body. By pressing and the subsequent sintering, the strips become a whole with the porous cathode body. If necessary, the strips can also have the shape of circular wires.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: !.Vorratskathode, deren elektronenemittierender Körper aus einem porösen Körper von Wolfram, Molybdän, Tantal, Hafnium oder ihren Legierungen besteht, in dem oder hinter dem Erdalkalimetallverbindungen angebracht sind, die freies Erdalkalimetall zur elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche liefern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der poröse Metallkörper an der Oberfläche derart mit kompaktem Molybdän versehen ist, daß die ebene emittierende Oberfläche abwechselnd aus porösem Metall und kompaktem Molybdän besteht, und daß die Abmessungen des kompakten Molybdäns kleiner sind als die Migrationslänge des Erdalkalimetalls darauf.!. Supply cathode, whose electron-emitting Body made of a porous body made of tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, hafnium or their alloys consists, in or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached, the free Providing alkaline earth metal to the electron-emitting surface, characterized in that the porous metal body is provided on the surface with compact molybdenum that the flat emitting surface consists alternately of porous metal and compact molybdenum, and that the dimensions of the compact molybdenum are smaller than the migration length of the alkaline earth metal thereon. 2. Kathode nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Oberfläche des porösen Metallkörpers mehrere Drähte oder Stäbe kreuzweise eingebettet sind.2. Cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that in the surface of the porous metal body several wires or rods are embedded crosswise. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 879 872, 895 479;
französische Patentschrift Nr. 1 081 416.
Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 879 872, 895 479;
French patent specification No. 1,081,416.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings © 809 700/445 12.58© 809 700/445 12.58
DEN12600A 1955-08-15 1956-08-11 Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached Pending DE1047321B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US528296A US2864028A (en) 1955-08-15 1955-08-15 Thermionic dispenser cathode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1047321B true DE1047321B (en) 1958-12-24

Family

ID=24105076

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEN12600A Pending DE1047321B (en) 1955-08-15 1956-08-11 Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2864028A (en)
BE (1) BE550302A (en)
CH (1) CH344139A (en)
DE (1) DE1047321B (en)
FR (1) FR1173168A (en)
GB (1) GB800219A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2947919A1 (en) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-12 Varian Associates STOCK CATHODE, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND PILLE DAFUER

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1180435B (en) * 1958-12-12 1964-10-29 Varta Ag Continuous process for the production of sintered frameworks for foil electrodes, in particular strip electrodes, for electric accumulators
US3113236A (en) * 1959-06-23 1963-12-03 Philips Corp Oxide dispenser type cathode
US3258636A (en) * 1961-09-01 1966-06-28 Electron emitter with activator of sill cide, boride or carbide of solid solu- tion of barium and at least one other alkaline earth metal
US3594885A (en) * 1969-06-16 1971-07-27 Varian Associates Method for fabricating a dimpled concave dispenser cathode incorporating a grid
GB1582837A (en) * 1976-07-10 1981-01-14 Emi Varian Ltd Electron emitter
US4101800A (en) * 1977-07-06 1978-07-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Controlled-porosity dispenser cathode
FR2469792A1 (en) * 1979-11-09 1981-05-22 Thomson Csf THERMO-IONIC CATHODE, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND ELECTRONIC TUBE INCORPORATING SUCH A CATHODE
DE3374738D1 (en) * 1982-10-12 1988-01-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Method for fabricating a dispenser-reservoir housing for a dispenser cathode
DE3913338C2 (en) * 1989-04-22 1999-12-02 Aeg Elektronische Roehren Gmbh Investment material, in particular for cathodes of electron tubes, method for producing such an investment material and use of such an investment material
FR2647952A1 (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-07 Thomson Tubes Electroniques IMPREGNATED THERMOELECTRONIC CATHODE FOR ELECTRONIC TUBE
JPH11339633A (en) * 1997-11-04 1999-12-10 Sony Corp Impregnated cathode and manufacture therefor and electron gun and electronic tube

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE879872C (en) * 1942-08-19 1953-06-15 Siemens Ag Cathode for generating an electron beam
DE895479C (en) * 1951-11-20 1953-11-02 Siemens Ag Cathode for electrical discharge vessels
FR1081416A (en) * 1952-07-23 1954-12-20 Siemens Ag Cathode for electric shock chamber

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121589A (en) * 1934-06-28 1938-06-21 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Emissive incandescent cathode
GB450035A (en) * 1935-05-07 1936-07-09 Ets Claude Paz & Silva Improvements in electrodes for high-pressure metallic vapour electric discharge tubes
US2452075A (en) * 1941-12-18 1948-10-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Velocity modulation electron discharge tube
US2459841A (en) * 1943-06-08 1949-01-25 Glenn F Rouse Cathode
US2647216A (en) * 1950-04-01 1953-07-28 Rca Corp Dispenser cathode

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE879872C (en) * 1942-08-19 1953-06-15 Siemens Ag Cathode for generating an electron beam
DE895479C (en) * 1951-11-20 1953-11-02 Siemens Ag Cathode for electrical discharge vessels
FR1081416A (en) * 1952-07-23 1954-12-20 Siemens Ag Cathode for electric shock chamber

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2947919A1 (en) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-12 Varian Associates STOCK CATHODE, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND PILLE DAFUER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2864028A (en) 1958-12-09
BE550302A (en)
CH344139A (en) 1960-01-31
FR1173168A (en) 1959-02-20
GB800219A (en) 1958-08-20

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