DE1047321B - Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached - Google Patents
Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attachedInfo
- Publication number
- DE1047321B DE1047321B DEN12600A DEN0012600A DE1047321B DE 1047321 B DE1047321 B DE 1047321B DE N12600 A DEN12600 A DE N12600A DE N0012600 A DEN0012600 A DE N0012600A DE 1047321 B DE1047321 B DE 1047321B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alkaline earth
- earth metal
- molybdenum
- cathode
- behind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
- H01J1/20—Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment
- H01J1/28—Dispenser-type cathodes, e.g. L-cathode
Landscapes
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorratskathode, deren elektronenemittierender Körper aus einem porösen Körper aus Wolfram, Molybdän, Tantal, Hafnium oder ihren Legierungen besteht, in dem oder hinter dem Erdalkalimetallverbindungen angebracht sind, die freies Erdalkalimetall zu der emittierenden Oberfläche liefern.The invention relates to a supply cathode whose electron-emitting body consists of a porous body made of tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, hafnium or their alloys, in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached, the free alkaline earth metal to the emitting Deliver surface.
Insbesondere wenn die Kathode aus einem gepreßten und gesinterten Gemisch von hochschmelzendem Metall und Erdalkalimetall verbindungen besteht, ist die Verdampfung von Erdalkalimetall und/oder Oxyd für verschiedene Anwendungsgebiete vielfach zu groß.In particular if the cathode consists of a pressed and sintered mixture of high-melting There is metal and alkaline earth metal compounds, there is evaporation of alkaline earth metal and / or Oxide is often too large for various areas of application.
Die Erfindung bezweckt, eine Kathode zu schaffen, die diesen Nachteil in geringerem Maße aufweist.The invention aims to create a cathode, which has this disadvantage to a lesser extent.
Bei einer Vorratskathode, deren elektronenemittierender Körper aus einem porösen Körper aus Wolfram, Molybdän, Tantal, Hafnium oder ihren Legierungen besteht, in dem oder hinter dem Erdalkalimetallverbindungen angebracht sind, die freies Erdalkalimetall zur elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche liefern, ist nach der Erfindung der poröse Metallkörper an der Oberfläche derart mit kompaktem Molybdän versehen, daß die ebene emittierende Oberfläche abwechselnd aus porösem Metall und kompaktem Molybdän besteht, und es sind die Abmessungen des kompakten Molybdäns kleiner als die Migrationslänge des Erdalkalimetalls darauf.In the case of a supply cathode, the electron-emitting body of which is made up of a porous body Tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, hafnium or their alloys consists in or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached, the free alkaline earth metal to the electron-emitting surface provide, according to the invention, the porous metal body is so compact on the surface Molybdenum provided that the flat emitting surface alternately made of porous metal and compact Molybdenum exists, and the dimensions of the compact molybdenum are smaller than that Migration length of the alkaline earth metal on it.
Das kompakte Molybdän kann dabei in Form von Stäben oder Streifen in den porösen Metallkörper eingebettet werden.The compact molybdenum can be inserted into the porous metal body in the form of rods or strips be embedded.
Die Erfindung benutzt den Umstand, daß die Migrationslänge von Barium auf Molybdän verhältnismäßig groß ist, so daß bei einem größeren Abstand der Poren, die Erdalkalimetall an die Oberfläche liefern, trotzdem eine für die Emission hinreichende Bedeckung der Molybdänoberfläche erzielt wird. So beträgt für Barium (gegebenenfalls Bariumoxyd) die Migrationslänge auf Molybdän bei 1100° C Pyrometertemperatur etwa 0,3 mm, während bei 900° C Pyrometertemperatur die Migrationslänge bereits 0,6 mm ist.The invention uses the fact that the migration length from barium to molybdenum is relatively is large, so that with a greater distance between the pores, the alkaline earth metal to the surface deliver, despite the fact that sufficient coverage of the molybdenum surface for the emission is achieved. So for barium (or barium oxide) is the migration length to molybdenum at a pyrometer temperature of 1100 ° C about 0.3 mm, while at 900 ° C pyrometer temperature the migration length is already 0.6 mm.
Es ist einleuchtend, daß die Verdampfung wesentlich herabgesetzt wird, da bei einer Kathode nach der Erfindung nur ein Teil der elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche porös ist. Naturgemäß muß zwischen den nicht porösen Teilen eine hinreichend große Oberfläche verbleiben, um die gewünschte Menge Erdalkalimetall liefern zu können.It is evident that the evaporation is substantially reduced, since with a cathode after the Invention only part of the electron-emitting surface is porous. Naturally, between the non-porous parts have a sufficiently large surface area to hold the desired amount of alkaline earth metal to be able to deliver.
Es ist bereits bekannt, eine Kathode so zu gestalten, daß hinter einer Anzahl nebeneinanderliegender
Bänder aus Wolfram oder Molybdän eine Menge Erdalkalioxyd aufgenommen ist. Die Emission
kommt dadurch zustande, daß aktives Material durch Vorratskathode mit einem porösen
Körper, in dem oder, hinter dem
Erdalkalimetallverbindungen
angebracht sind . -It is already known to design a cathode in such a way that a quantity of alkaline earth oxide is received behind a number of strips of tungsten or molybdenum lying next to one another. The emission comes about by the fact that active material through supply cathode with a porous
Body, in or behind that
Alkaline earth metal compounds
are appropriate. -
Anmelder:Applicant:
N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken,
Eindhoven (Niederlande)NV Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken,
Eindhoven (Netherlands)
Vertreter: Dr. rer. nat. P. Roßbach, Patentanwalt,
Hamburg 1, Mönckebergstr. 7Representative: Dr. rer. nat. P. Roßbach, patent attorney,
Hamburg 1, Mönckebergstr. 7th
Beanspruchte Priorität:
V. St. v. Amerika vom 15. August 1955Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America August 15, 1955
Patrick Paul Coppola, Lancaster, Pa. (V. St. Α.),
ist als Erfinder genannt wordenPatrick Paul Coppola, Lancaster, Pa. (V. St. Α.),
has been named as the inventor
die Spalte zwischen den Bändern hindurch auf die Oberfläche gelangt. Abgesehen von der Tatsache, daß die teilweise aus Nickel bestehende Kathode keine genügend hohe Temperatur erreichen kann, ist es schwierig, zwischen den Spalten die gerade erforderliche Menge von aktivem Material hindurchtreten zu lassen, weil die exakte Bemessung der Spalte nicht ohne weiteres zu gewährleisten ist.the gap between the tapes passes through to the surface. Apart from the fact that The cathode, which is partly made of nickel, cannot reach a sufficiently high temperature, it is difficult to pass the just required amount of active material between the gaps because the exact dimensioning of the column cannot be guaranteed without further ado.
Es ist auch eine Vorratskathode bekannt, welche an der Oberfläche keinen porösen Körper aufweist, sondern zwei Folien mit feinen Öffnungen, welche in den beiden Folien gegeneinander versetzt sind. Auch hier ist es nicht einfach, die Kathode so zu gestalten, daß die Menge des diffundierenden Materials zur Oberfläche von Kathode zu Kathode reproduzierbar ist und den gewünschten Wert hat. Die Konstruktion, welche gewissermaßen als aufgebauter poröser Körper arbeiten soll, bietet den vorhandenen Verbindungen nicht genügend freie Metalloberfläche, um aus den vorhandenen Verbindungen das aktive Metall zu reduzieren, was auch bei der oben besprochenen bekannten Kathode zutrifft.A supply cathode is also known which does not have a porous body on the surface, but rather two foils with fine openings, which are offset against each other in the two foils. Here too it is not easy to design the cathode so that the amount of diffusing material to the surface is reproducible from cathode to cathode and has the desired value. The construction which to work as a built-up porous body, so to speak, offers the existing connections not enough free metal surface to reduce the active metal from the existing compounds, which also applies to the known cathode discussed above.
Die Erfindung wird an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, in der die Fig. 1 und 2 einen Schnitt bzw. eine Draufsicht einer Kathode nach der Erfindung darstellen.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIGS. 1 and 2 show a section or represent a plan view of a cathode according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 liegt der elektronenemittierende Körper 1 im Ende eines Molybdänzylinders 2, der einen Glüh-In Fig. 1, the electron-emitting body 1 is in the end of a molybdenum cylinder 2, which has an annealing
809 700/445809 700/445
körper 3 enthält. In der elektronenemittierenden Oberfläche des Körpers 1 sind Molybdänstreifen 4 in Form eines Gitters eingebettet, wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist. Der elektronenemittierende Körper besteht aus einem gepreßten und gesinterten Körper von 90 Gewichtsprozent einer Legierung von 25% Wolfram und 75°/o Molybdän mit 10 Gewichtsprozent eines geschmolzenen Gemisches von 5 Mol Bariumoxyd und 2 Mol Aluminiumoxyd. In den Körper sind beim Pressen Molybdänstreifen mit einer Breite von 0,3 mm und einem Abstand von 0,5 mm aufgenommen. Durch das Pressen und das darauffolgende Sintern werden die Streifen ein Ganzes mit dem porösen Kathodenkörper. Gegebenenfalls können die Streifen auch die Form kreisrunder Drähte haben.body 3 contains. Molybdenum strips 4 in the form of a grid are embedded in the electron-emitting surface of the body 1, as can be seen from FIG. 2. The electron-emitting body consists of a pressed and sintered body of 90 percent by weight of an alloy of 25% tungsten and 75 % molybdenum with 10 percent by weight of a molten mixture of 5 moles of barium oxide and 2 moles of aluminum oxide. During pressing, molybdenum strips with a width of 0.3 mm and a distance of 0.5 mm are taken into the body. By pressing and the subsequent sintering, the strips become a whole with the porous cathode body. If necessary, the strips can also have the shape of circular wires.
Claims (2)
Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 879 872, 895 479;
französische Patentschrift Nr. 1 081 416.Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 879 872, 895 479;
French patent specification No. 1,081,416.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US528296A US2864028A (en) | 1955-08-15 | 1955-08-15 | Thermionic dispenser cathode |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1047321B true DE1047321B (en) | 1958-12-24 |
Family
ID=24105076
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEN12600A Pending DE1047321B (en) | 1955-08-15 | 1956-08-11 | Storage cathode with a porous body in which or behind the alkaline earth metal compounds are attached |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2864028A (en) |
BE (1) | BE550302A (en) |
CH (1) | CH344139A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1047321B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1173168A (en) |
GB (1) | GB800219A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2947919A1 (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-06-12 | Varian Associates | STOCK CATHODE, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND PILLE DAFUER |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1180435B (en) * | 1958-12-12 | 1964-10-29 | Varta Ag | Continuous process for the production of sintered frameworks for foil electrodes, in particular strip electrodes, for electric accumulators |
US3113236A (en) * | 1959-06-23 | 1963-12-03 | Philips Corp | Oxide dispenser type cathode |
US3258636A (en) * | 1961-09-01 | 1966-06-28 | Electron emitter with activator of sill cide, boride or carbide of solid solu- tion of barium and at least one other alkaline earth metal | |
US3594885A (en) * | 1969-06-16 | 1971-07-27 | Varian Associates | Method for fabricating a dimpled concave dispenser cathode incorporating a grid |
GB1582837A (en) * | 1976-07-10 | 1981-01-14 | Emi Varian Ltd | Electron emitter |
US4101800A (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1978-07-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Controlled-porosity dispenser cathode |
FR2469792A1 (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-05-22 | Thomson Csf | THERMO-IONIC CATHODE, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND ELECTRONIC TUBE INCORPORATING SUCH A CATHODE |
DE3374738D1 (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1988-01-07 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Method for fabricating a dispenser-reservoir housing for a dispenser cathode |
DE3913338C2 (en) * | 1989-04-22 | 1999-12-02 | Aeg Elektronische Roehren Gmbh | Investment material, in particular for cathodes of electron tubes, method for producing such an investment material and use of such an investment material |
FR2647952A1 (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1990-12-07 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | IMPREGNATED THERMOELECTRONIC CATHODE FOR ELECTRONIC TUBE |
JPH11339633A (en) * | 1997-11-04 | 1999-12-10 | Sony Corp | Impregnated cathode and manufacture therefor and electron gun and electronic tube |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE879872C (en) * | 1942-08-19 | 1953-06-15 | Siemens Ag | Cathode for generating an electron beam |
DE895479C (en) * | 1951-11-20 | 1953-11-02 | Siemens Ag | Cathode for electrical discharge vessels |
FR1081416A (en) * | 1952-07-23 | 1954-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Cathode for electric shock chamber |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2121589A (en) * | 1934-06-28 | 1938-06-21 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Emissive incandescent cathode |
GB450035A (en) * | 1935-05-07 | 1936-07-09 | Ets Claude Paz & Silva | Improvements in electrodes for high-pressure metallic vapour electric discharge tubes |
US2452075A (en) * | 1941-12-18 | 1948-10-26 | Raytheon Mfg Co | Velocity modulation electron discharge tube |
US2459841A (en) * | 1943-06-08 | 1949-01-25 | Glenn F Rouse | Cathode |
US2647216A (en) * | 1950-04-01 | 1953-07-28 | Rca Corp | Dispenser cathode |
-
0
- BE BE550302D patent/BE550302A/xx unknown
-
1955
- 1955-08-15 US US528296A patent/US2864028A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1956
- 1956-08-10 GB GB24558/56A patent/GB800219A/en not_active Expired
- 1956-08-11 DE DEN12600A patent/DE1047321B/en active Pending
- 1956-08-13 CH CH344139D patent/CH344139A/en unknown
- 1956-08-14 FR FR1173168D patent/FR1173168A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE879872C (en) * | 1942-08-19 | 1953-06-15 | Siemens Ag | Cathode for generating an electron beam |
DE895479C (en) * | 1951-11-20 | 1953-11-02 | Siemens Ag | Cathode for electrical discharge vessels |
FR1081416A (en) * | 1952-07-23 | 1954-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Cathode for electric shock chamber |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2947919A1 (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-06-12 | Varian Associates | STOCK CATHODE, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND PILLE DAFUER |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH344139A (en) | 1960-01-31 |
BE550302A (en) | |
US2864028A (en) | 1958-12-09 |
GB800219A (en) | 1958-08-20 |
FR1173168A (en) | 1959-02-20 |
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