DE10358100A1 - Large-sized plate e.g. wooden plate, segmenting method for e.g. building construction, involves fixing plate on work table by vacuum system, and reversing plate by certain degree so that machined side of plate acts as base to cut contours - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves aligning and fixing a plate on a work table (1) of a computer numerical control processing machine using a vacuum system, where the table has a chip removal device. The plate is machined using cutters (9, 10) from top to bottom to cut out individual peripheral contours. The plate is reversed by 180 degrees, such that the machined side of plate acts as base on the table for further machining of plate to cut contours.

Description

The The invention relates to a method for dividing large format Plates, in particular wood-based panels, in a plurality of Plates with substantially different circumferential contours a CNC processing machine with at least one processing table and a cutting or machining tool and a Apparatus for carrying out of the procedure.

One such method is used for example in the furniture industry. Out a large format Plate are not only side panels, but also drawer or door fronts different sizes and Circumferential contours cut out. To later on the finished piece of furniture on the one hand the wood grain evenly and to be in the same direction and on the other hand in the Cutting the individual parts to minimize waste to have the location of the ausschneidenden plates computer-aided determined. These procedures are called "Nested Based Manufacturing "known. The large format Plate as a semi-finished product is reflected on the machining table and fixed on it. Subsequently the boards are sawed out or milled out. When Durchschnei the semi-finished product, the support surface is damaged. When clamping Therefore, a sacrificial plate made of MDF (medium density fibreboard) or a vacuum table with a special wear surface used. The milled out Parts have to so that they do not shift, especially with smaller areas of fixed at the top. The sacrificial plate can usually only once used and is before the next processing of a semi-finished product exchange. In addition to the cost of sacrificial plate increase the necessary set-up times for her Exchange the manufacturing costs. The fixation of the smaller cut out Plates from above is, in particular, when completely different Circumferential contours are to be cut out, very expensive, since the fixing devices must be designed to be flexible. Farther The disadvantage is that the sacrificial plates are disposed of consuming need, there they are useless if their two surfaces were cut were.

Next Wood-based panels also come composites, sandwich panels or aluminum plates or other large-format building boards in question. In addition to the furniture industry will be "Nested Based Manufacturing "too used in prefabricated houses. insulation materials polyurethane, polystyrene and their applied sandwich panels are processed accordingly.

From Based on this problem, the process explained in the introduction is intended be improved.

• a) Ausrichten und Fixieren der Platte auf dem Bearbeitungstisch, b) Anbringen von mindestens drei Referenzflächen an der Platte,
• c) Ermitteln der relativen Lage der Platte über mindestens einen definierten Punkt auf jeder Referenzfläche,
• d) spanabhebende Bearbeitung der Platte von der Oberseite ausgehend in Richtung der Unterseite zum Ausschneiden der einzelnen Umfangskonturen, ohne die Platte dabei zu durchtrennen,
• e) Wenden der Platte um 180°, so dass die bearbeitete Oberseite der Platte zur Auflage auf den Bearbeitungstisch gelangt,
• f) Fixieren der gewendeten Platte,
• g) erneutes Ermitteln der relativen Lage der Platte über den mindestens einen definierten Punkt auf jeder Referenzfläche,
• h) spanabhebende Bearbeitung der Platte von der zu oberst liegenden Unterseite ausgehend entlang spiegelbildlicher Umfangskonturen, so dass die Platte vollständig durchtrennt und die Mehrzahl von Platten erhalten wird.

The problem solution is done by the following steps:

• a) aligning and fixing the plate on the working table, b) applying at least three reference surfaces to the plate,
• c) determining the relative position of the plate over at least one defined point on each reference surface,
• d) machining the plate from the top in the direction of the bottom to cut out the individual peripheral contours, without cutting the plate thereby,
• e) turning the plate 180 °, so that the machined top of the plate comes to rest on the processing table,
• f) fixing the turned plate,
• g) again determining the relative position of the plate over the at least one defined point on each reference surface,
• h) machining the plate from the uppermost underside starting along mirror-image peripheral contours, so that the plate is completely severed and the plurality of plates is obtained.

Thereby, that the semifinished product first not completely is severed, can be completely dispensed with the use of a sacrificial plate become. The working table can consequently be equipped with a vacuum system equipped for fixing the plate become. This vacuum system also fixes the smaller ones Plates with different perimeter contours when used by the back of the semi-finished product completely be cut out. An elaborate fixation from above can thereby likewise omitted, so that a much more rational production possible is.

The reference surfaces are produced on the side edges of the plate by milling. By the cutting Machining is ensured that no protruding from the side edge Chips (if For example, as a semi-finished chipboard is used) Scanning the reference surfaces affect.

Preferably is after the first and / or second determination of the relative position the plate on the editing table a coordinate transformation carried out, to calibrate the machining tool accordingly, d. H. at to start working at a defined point.

Before turning, the plate is preferably transported in a device for removing the chips. This may be a combined brushing, blowing and suction device, which removes the chips that are not covered by the suction during machining, in order to avoid damage to the surface during turning or during the second cutting of the plate due to chips flying around or once again separated.

If the plate is stored after turning on a second processing table The production is further streamlined because of the first processing table then to refit becomes free, so that you can work practically in opposite directions.

A inventive device to carry out The process is characterized by two working tables and one Pivoting device for lifting the plate from the first working table, Turning 180 ° and Hang up on the second working table.

Preferably are both processing tables with a vacuum device for Fix the plate provided.

To the Aligning the plate, the first processing table preferably attacks on. Through the attacks let yourself Align the plate slightly. Due to the relative position of the Plate through the three reference surfaces detected by probes can, by a coordinate transformation, the editing tool individually adjusted to a defined starting point. The location of the attacks Therefore it is freely selectable on the working table.

To turning the plate, its relative position again over the reference surfaces with the probes always at the same height (Z-direction) attack on the side edges of the plate, leaving inaccuracies at the handover recognized and possibly also over a coordinate transformation can be charged.

The Swiveling device is preferably between the two machining tables arranged. The first processing table has recesses, to intervene in the arms of the pivoting devices, so that the first Machining table has a "closed" surface. On the arms of the pivoting device is preferably also a vacuum device provided so that the plate on both the first editing table as well as later Pivoting or turning and depositing on the second working table via the attached vacuum is fixed on the arms.

With Help a drawing to an embodiment of the invention below explained become. It shows:

1 the schematic representation of the CNC processing machine;

2 the first processing table in an enlarged view 1 with applied semifinished product;

3 a representation of the scanning of the reference surfaces on the semifinished product;

4 the first cutting or machining of the semifinished product;

5 an enlarged view 4 ;

6 the transfer station of the CNC processing machine;

7 the transfer of the semifinished product from the first processing table to the second processing table in a first position;

8th the transfer of the semifinished product from the first processing table to the second processing table in a second position;

9 the transfer of the semifinished product from the first processing table to the second processing table in a third position;

10 the placed on the second processing table plate;

11 the mirrored processing of the semi-finished product on the second processing table from the back.

1 shows the perspective view of the CNC processing machine with the two processing tables 1 . 2 , which in Y-direction on each a frame 4a . 4b are arranged displaceably. Across the racks 4a . 4b There is a bridge 8th , at the two cutting tools 9 . 10 on sledges 19 . 20 are slidably mounted in the X direction. The cutting tool 9 Edits this on the first editing table 1 resting semi-finished and the cutting tool 10 After processing it on the second processing table 2 was filed. Between the editing tables 1 . 2 is a swivel device 3 arranged, the three arms 5 . 6 . 7 having. The poor 5 . 6 . 7 grab in recesses 11 . 12 . 13 in the working table 1 a (compare 8th ). The top of the arms 5 . 6 . 7 ends in the same plane as the support surface of the editing table 1 , so here's a closed surface to rest the semifinished product 14 is available.

The bearing surfaces of the machining tables 1 . 2 and the arms 5 . 6 . 7 are with a plurality of openings 15 provided, which communicate with a vacuum device, so that to the plate 14 a vacuum can be applied for fixing. At the cutting tools 9 . 10 it can be saws or cutters.

The plate 14 as a semi-finished product is first manually or by means of a handling device not shown here on the editing table 1 hung up. The poor 5 . 6 . 7 the pivoting device 3 lie within the recesses 11 . 12 . 13 of the editing table 1 , For fixing the plate 14 are at the editing table 1 three attacks 16 . 17 . 18 intended.

At the side edges of the plate 14 be after fixing on the working table 1 provided at least three milled and / or ground reference surfaces on which at least one defined point is present, the one on the carriage 19 . 20 the cutting tools 9 . 10 attached probe 21 . 22 can be detected. Through these three points, the relative position of the plate 14 on the processing table 1 determined and can then be defined by means of coordinate transformation to an absolute position in space.

About a corresponding displacement of the cutting tool 9 in the X direction and moving the editing table 1 on the rack 4a in the Y direction can be the zero point at which with the cutting out of the plate 14 must be started. Subsequently, then by appropriate displacement of the work table 1 and the sled 19 the different contours K from the plate 14 cut out, taking the depth of the cutting tool 9 is set so that the plate 14 not completely severed.

When the contours K are all cut out, the working table becomes 1 moved to the outer end of the processing plant, so that he laterally next to the machining table 2 is placed. About the pivoting device 3 becomes the partially severed plate 14 on the editing table 2 filed with the bottom first, like this one 6 - 9 in individual representations can be removed. Is the plate lying 14 on the processing table 2 on, the vacuum is in the arms 5 . 6 . 7 solved and vacuum on the machining table 2 put on, leaving the plate 14 on the processing table 2 is fixed. The poor 5 . 6 . 7 the pivoting device 3 panning in the first working table 1 back so that he is ready with a new semi-finished product 14 to be equipped.

After the plate 14 on the second working table 2 was fixed, are not shown here on the slide 20 of the cutting tool 10 fixed probe, which is identical to the probe 21 is formed, the reference surfaces or the defined points scanned on the reference surfaces, so that again the absolute position of the plate 14 can be determined and the cutting tool 10 by appropriate displacement of the machining table 1 or the carriage 20 can be brought into the zero position. By means of coordinate transformation, the data of the contours K are converted into data of the played contours K ', so that in the second operation the mirrored contours K' from the back of the plate 14 can be cut out, leaving thereby the plate 14 then completely severed.

The smaller plates are over the working table 2 fitting vacuum on the top of the machining table 2 fixed and can be there, after they have been completely cut out, removed by hand or by means of a handling system.

At the sled 19 . 20 is next to the touch probes 21 and the cutting tools 9 . 10 provided a suction device not shown here, which sucks the respective chips immediately. Before the plate 14 from the first editing table 1 on the second working table 2 is discarded, the plate is 14 passed on a suction, blowing and brushing unit, not shown here, to remove chips that have not been sucked off immediately during processing, to damage the surface of the plate 14 when turning or editing the back to avoid.

The contours K, K 'can by vertical cuts or through the surface of the plate 14 oblique cuts (for example by means of a pivotable about the X or Y axis unit or a 5-axis robot head unit) are cut out. For slanted cuts, the plate parts are mitred. As a processing system and conventional machining centers (for example, in C-frame design as a jib or portal machine with movable portal) can be used when two machines are compared with the machining side. Every working table 1 . 2 can with its own associated pivoting device 3 be provided so that an alternating field processing is possible. Likewise, between these two machines, a swivel device 3 which are the plate from the working table 1 on the editing table 2 sets.

1

processing table

2

processing table

3

Pivot means

4a

frame

4b

frame

5

poor

6

poor

7

poor

8th

bridge

9

cutting tool

10

cutting tool

11

recess

12

recess

13

recess

14

Semi-finished / plate

15

opening

16

attack

17

attack

18

attack

19

carriage

20

carriage

21

probe

K

contour

K '

mirrored contour

Claims (10)

Method for splitting large format plates ( 14 ), in particular wood-based panels, in a plurality of plates having substantially different circumferential contours on a CNC processing machine with at least one processing table ( 1 ) and a cutting or machining tool ( 9 ), characterized by the following steps: a) Aligning and fixing the plate ( 14 ) on the processing table ( 1 b) attaching at least three reference surfaces to the plate ( 14 c) determining the relative position of the plate ( 14 ) over at least one defined point on each reference surface, d) machining the plate ( 14 ) starting from the top in the direction of the bottom for cutting out the individual peripheral contours (K), without the plate ( 14 ), e) turning the plate ( 14 ) by 180 °, so that the machined top of the plate to rest on the processing table ( 1 f) fixing the turned plate ( 14 g) again determining the relative position of the plate ( 14 ) over the at least one defined point on each reference surface, h) machining the plate ( 14 ) starting from the uppermost underside starting along mirror-image peripheral contours (K '), so that the plate ( 14 ) is completely severed and the plurality of plates is obtained. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the first and / or second determination of the relative position of the plate ( 14 ) a coordinate transformation is carried out to the machining tool ( 9 . 10 ) to calibrate. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate ( 14 ) is transported before turning in a device for removing the chips. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate ( 14 ) after turning on a second working table ( 2 ) is stored. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the mirror image position of the peripheral contours (K ') together with the Coordinate transformation taken into account becomes. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 4, characterized by two processing tables ( 1 . 2 ) and a pivoting device ( 3 ) for lifting the plate ( 14 ) from the first processing table ( 1 ), Turning the plate by 180 ° and placing it on the second working table ( 2 ). Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the processing tables ( 1 . 2 ), with a vacuum device for fixing the plate ( 14 ) are provided. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the first processing table ( 1 ) for aligning the plate ( 14 ) Attacks ( 16 . 17 . 18 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the first processing table ( 1 ) Recesses ( 11 . 12 . 13 ), in the arms ( 5 . 6 . 7 ) of the pivoting device ( 3 ) intervene and the arms ( 5 . 6 . 7 ) of the pivoting device ( 3 ) with the top of the processing table ( 1 ) lie in one plane. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the arms ( 5 . 6 . 7 ) of the pivoting device ( 3 ) with a vacuum device for holding the plate ( 14 ) are provided.