DE10332001B3 - Gas pressure spring element for damping shock has gas in rod-side chamber in outer cylinder compressed under the traction load - Google Patents

Abstract

The gas pressure spring element has two fixing devices (7a, 7b), an outer cylinder housing (1) in which and in a cylinder housing (4) can move axially. Under the traction load, the gas in the piston side chamber in the outer cylinder is, pressed, and under pressure load, the gas in the chamber facing away from the piston rod in the inner cylinder housing is compressed. In both cases, some of the gas passes through the channel (10) into the uncompressed chamber to damp oscillations.

Description

The Invention relates to a shock-absorbing element, in particular a spring element, which is a 1- or 2-chamber gas spring accomplished is and rigid or articulated between two bodies, and above adjustable force limits movements allows this body to each other - below these limits of force, however, the body rigidly interconnecting. The spring action takes place through the Compression of a gas volume.

spring elements with similar Function are known in various designs. Special application find such spring principles in the shock-elastic storage of devices and actuating rods in particular in military device. Instead of Compressed gas typically contains predominantly metal springs or rubber elements used.

In the prior art, although the shock-elastic bearing with prestressed spring elements and gas pressure springs is proposed, such as in the DE 37 11 059 C1 , Their concrete execution is not discussed. In the DE 199 40 105 C1 For shock-proof storage of a storage and transport device on submarines also different preloaded spring elements are proposed, but only a prestressed rubber spring element is described in detail. The latter are also designed for tensile and compressive forces.

In the DE 195 45 601 C1 there is proposed a suspension unit for road and rail vehicles which has a constant pressure cylinder with pistons housed therein with an annular, movable seal therebetween. From the middle position, the piston can move together with the movable seal in one direction, in the opposite direction, the piston moves only alone.

In the DE 197 40 142 A1 is a gas spring assembly with non-linear characteristic having a first gas spring having a first characteristic and can perform a movement stroke and with at least one second gas spring having a second characteristic and can also perform a movement stroke, wherein the two gas springs so mechanically coupled together are that their movement strokes are parallel to each other and complementary to each other.

Some The known spring elements have the following disadvantages.

Height prestressing forces at the same time with large spring travel are only about size Construction volumes and construction lengths realizable.

The Preload force is adjustable only in a narrow range and the adjustment is usually associated with great effort. To must they Spring elements removed and adjusted in a workshop.

The Setting accuracy of the preload force is low and only with greater effort measurable.

Known is also that especially rubber under high deformation speeds its modulus of elasticity elevated, whereby the spring stiffness increases. In addition, rubber tends to creep, whereby at certain intervals the preload must be checked or reset.

The The object of the invention is to provide a shock-absorbing element, in particular To develop a prestressed spring element, which mentioned Disadvantages and high preload forces in small volumes and particularly short axial lengths.

According to the invention this Problem solved by the features of claims 1 to 3. advantageous Embodiments of the invention are contained in the appended claims 4 to 8.

Accordingly, in a first embodiment, the invention includes a shock-absorbing element which is designed as a 2-chamber gas spring and is arranged rigidly or articulated between two bodies, wherein the 2-chamber gas spring comprises an outer cylinder housing provided with a first fastening means, in which an inner cylinder housing axially movable, one, both cylinder housing penetrating piston rod connects a arranged in the inner cylinder housing piston with another fastener and the forming in the outer cylinder housing piston rod-side chamber and in the inner cylinder housing forming piston rod remote chamber via check valves and channels filled with compressed gas are and the piston rod facing away, formed between the outer cylinder housing and inner cylinder housing chamber, and the piston rod side chamber in the inner cylinder housing and this chamber n connecting column through the valves and ducts are vented, wherein under tensile load, the gas in the piston rod-side chamber in the outer cylinder, under pressure loading the Gas is compressed in the piston rod remote from the chamber in the inner cylinder housing, wherein in both load cases, a portion of the gas escapes through the channel into the respective non-compressed chamber and thereby oscillating movements are damped.

In another embodiment is the shock-absorbing element designed as a 1-chamber gas spring and rigid or articulated between two bodies arranged, wherein the 1-chamber gas spring with a first Fastener provided cylinder housing includes a piston rod with one in the cylinder housing arranged piston, with another piston flying on the Piston rod is mounted and attached to the piston rod Drive plate of one with another fastener provided sleeve is enclosed in the cylinder housing between the piston and the chamber formed on the floating piston via check valves with compressed Gas fillable are and the piston rod remote chamber and the interior the sleeve over the Valves and channels are vented, wherein under tensile load the piston on the sleeve and on the piston rod attached drive plate is taken and the gas in the Chamber compresses while at pressure load the sleeve moved the overhung piston in the cylinder housing and the gas in the chamber is compressed.

In a third embodiment becomes another shock-absorbing element proposed, which is also designed as a 1-chamber gas spring and rigid or articulated between two bodies, wherein the 1-chamber gas spring comprises a cylinder housing, a piston rod with one in the cylinder housing arranged piston, one with a first fastening means connected another piston back on the back is provided for the first piston and a mounted on the piston rod Drive plate of one with another fastener provided sliding sleeve is enclosed, wherein the first piston with the piston rod and the seals a piston rod-side chamber forms into the over the check valve compressed gas is passed and the piston rod remote area about the piston over the check valve vented is, wherein under tensile load, the sliding sleeve on the drive plate on pulls the piston rod and that by reducing the chamber volume the gas is compressed and under pressure the other piston on pushes the first piston and about the sliding sleeve with the further fastening means of the cylinder in the direction of the piston depressed and the gas in the chamber is compressed and the cross sections of the Both piston rods are equal in the area of the seals and themselves the forces acting on the piston rods due to the external pressure straight cancel.

Advantageous is the inner cylinder housing the 2-chamber gas spring opposite through the outer cylinder housing a seal sealed gas-tight, with the on the piston rod attached piston and the piston rod bushings also with corresponding Seals are provided.

In a preferred embodiment are the two pistons of the 1-chamber gas spring against the cylinder housing executed gas-tight by appropriate seals, with a further Seal between the floating piston and the piston rod a gas-tight chamber is created.

Advantageous are the inside of the sleeve and the non-pressure-carrying Column outward through appropriate seals completed and holes, channels and / or check valves vented. In a special embodiment of the The invention proposes that the gas volume of the cylinder housing formed Chamber over an additional volume can be increased.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is the Sleeve through guided the piston and the cylinder over the entire length, with lateral forces and Moments that attack a fastener over the cylinder housing transferable to the foundation are. If a lateral force is introduced at the fastener, then the foundation absorbs the lateral force, the moment and additional tensile and compressive forces. A ball as a bearing would do not transmit a moment, a bolt only in one plane. The sleeve is supported over a greater axial length in the piston and the cylinder housing, which makes higher Transverse forces transferable are. This corresponds to a longer 'lever', which causes the on the sleeve acting forces to reduce.

following the invention is based on embodiments and accompanying drawings be explained in more detail. In the drawings show

1 : a 2-chamber gas spring in section;

2 : a 2-chamber gas spring in section with separately adjustable chamber pressures;

3 : a 1-chamber gas spring in section with additional chamber volume men;

4 a 1-chamber gas spring in sectional view with lateral force transmission;

5 a 1-chamber gas spring in sectional view with independent of the external pressure function;

The basic structure of a prestressed gas spring is in 1 shown. The solution as a gas spring has either one or two chambers. Below, the versions are described as a 2-chamber gas spring and then as a 1-chamber gas spring.

The in the 1 and 2 shown 2-chamber gas springs consist of a cylinder housing 1 in which an inner cylinder housing 4 is arranged. The inner cylinder housing 4 is opposite the outer cylinder housing 1 through a high quality seal 6b sealed gas-tight.

A piston rod 3 connects the piston 2 with the fastener 7b , which is preferably a joint eye. The piston rod bushings are also with high quality seals 6c . 6d Mistake. This creates two chambers (piston rod side and kolbenstangenfern), which via the check valve 8th and the channel 10 be filled with compressed gas.

The piston 2 and the cylinder 4 are pressed by the compressed gas in the drawn position. When installing existing gas and gas from leaks can through the holes 11 and over the check valve 9 escape.

If in the load case 'train' the outside attacking force on the inner cylinder 4 exceeds acting compressive forces, moves the inner cylinder housing 4 to the right. With increasing stroke, we continue to compress the gas in the right chamber and the restoring force increases. Part of the gas escapes through the channel 10 in the left chamber. This corresponds to a reduction in spring stiffness and has a dampening effect on oscillating movements.

Accordingly, the gas is compressed in the load case 'pressure' in the left chamber and partially over the channel ( 10 ) pressed into the right chamber.

The relationship The prestressing forces 'tension' and 'pressure' are constructive through the relationship the effective piston surfaces given. The height the preload forces let yourself simply vary by the gas pressure.

Are different release forces for train and pressure required and this no longer constructive to realize by changing the effective areas or the tripping forces must be adjusted during operation according to 2 each chamber be filled with a different gas pressure. The seal 12 prevents the penetration of fluid from the environment while protecting the high-quality seals 6a . 6b and 6c from dirt and moisture.

In the 3 and 4 possible variants of the 1-chamber gas spring are shown.

These designs are characterized by a shorter overall length and fewer components. The number of gas seals is advantageous to three 6a . 6b and 6c reducible.

In the cylinder housing 1 gets on the piston rod 3 from pistons 2 another piston 5 stored on the fly. piston 5 is through the cylinder housing 1 held axially. Both pistons are opposite housing 1 through the seals 6a . 6b gas-tight. With the further seal 6c between pistons 5 and piston rod 3 creates a gas-tight chamber.

The sleeve 13 encloses the on the piston rod 3 attached drive disc 23 in the way that the piston 2 in 'train' is taken and at 'pressure' only the cantilevered piston 5 is moved. In both load cases, the gas in the chamber is further compressed and produces a spring return proportional force.

In the sliding sleeve 3 is provided according to the travel sufficient space.

The interior of the sliding sleeve 13 and the non-pressurized column are outward through seal 14 completed and can but about the hole 15 , Channel 11 and check valve 9 Vent.

The seal 14 also protects the high-quality seals 6a . 6b and 6c from dirt and moisture.

The spring stiffness is structurally determined by the size of the gas volume. By an additional volume 16 ( 3 ), the spring characteristic is flattened. With a fixed travel thereby the axial length is kept short. The additional volume is to be connected via a connection with a small flow resistance to the chamber.

Another variant of the invention for receiving additional transverse forces is in 4 is posed. The on the sliding sleeve 13 Acting moment is thereby over a longer lever over the overhung piston 5 or directly into the housing 1 derived, with lateral forces and moments acting on the fastener 7b attack, over the cylinder 1 on the foundation 24 be transmitted. Additional slip rings can reduce friction here.

The arrangement in 5 is useful in the case where equally large tension and compression biasing forces are required and the influence of ambient pressure must be eliminated. These are the two outer seals 18a and 18b arranged on the same radius and the sleeve interior is over a sufficient opening 20 subjected to external pressure. An advantage of this arrangement is that only two high quality gas seals 6a and 6b required are.

In the cylinder 1 are two pistons 2 . 21 Back to back, with the piston 2 with the piston rod 3 and the seals 6a . 6b a chamber forms into the via the check valve 8th compressed gas is passed. The area around the piston 21 is over the check valve 9 vented. When pulling, the sliding sleeve pulls 13 over the drive plate 23 on the piston rod 3 and the chamber volume decreases. When pressure is applied, the piston pushes 21 on the piston 2 and is over the sliding sleeve 13 with fasteners 7b the cylinder 1 in the direction of the piston 2 pressed while the gas is compressed in the chamber. The cross sections of the piston rods 3 . 22 are in the field of seals 18a . 18b the same, which cancel due to the external pressure acting on the piston rods forces straight.

Claims (8)

Shock damping element, which is designed as a 2-chamber gas spring and is arranged rigidly or articulated between two bodies, wherein the 2-chamber gas spring with a fastening means ( 7a ) provided outer cylinder housing ( 1 ), in which an inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) is axially movable, one, both cylinder housing ( 1 . 4 ) penetrating piston rod ( 3 ) in the inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) arranged piston ( 2 ) with a fastening means ( 7b ) and in the outer cylinder housing ( 1 ) forming piston rod-side chamber and in the inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) forming piston rod remote chamber via check valves ( 8th ) and channels ( 10 ) are filled with compressed gas and the piston rod ( 3 ) facing away, between outer cylinder housing ( 1 ) and inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) formed chamber, and the piston rod side chamber in the inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) and the column connecting these chambers via the valves ( 9 ) and channels ( 11 ) are ventable; wherein under tensile load the gas in the piston rod side chamber in the outer cylinder ( 1 ), under pressure the gas in the piston rod ( 3 ) facing away chamber in the inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) is compressed, in both load cases, a portion of the gas through the channel ( 10 ) escapes into the respective non-compressed chamber while oscillating movements are damped. Shock damping element, which is designed as a 1-chamber gas spring and is arranged rigidly or articulated between two bodies, wherein the 1-chamber gas spring with a fastening means ( 7a ) provided cylinder housing ( 1 ), a piston rod ( 3 ) with a in the cylinder housing ( 1 ) arranged piston ( 2 ), with another piston ( 5 ) flying on the piston rod ( 3 ) and one on the piston rod ( 3 ) attached drive disc ( 23 ) of one with a fastener ( 7b ) provided sleeve ( 13 ) is enclosed, wherein in the cylinder housing ( 1 ) between the piston ( 2 ) and the overhung piston ( 5 ) formed chamber via check valves ( 8th ) are filled with compressed gas and the piston rod ( 3 ) facing away from the chamber and the interior of the sleeve ( 13 ) over the valves ( 9 ) and channels ( 11 . 15 ) are vented, wherein in tensile load of the piston ( 2 ) over the sleeve ( 13 ) and on the piston rod ( 3 ) attached drive disc ( 23 ) and the gas is compressed in the chamber, while under pressure the sleeve ( 13 ) the overhung piston ( 5 ) in the cylinder housing ( 1 ) and the gas in the chamber is compressed. Shock damping element, which is designed as a 1-chamber gas spring and is arranged rigidly or articulated between two bodies, wherein the 1-chamber gas spring a cylinder housing ( 1 ), a piston rod ( 3 ) with a in the cylinder housing ( 1 ) arranged piston ( 2 ), one with a fastener ( 7a ) connected another piston ( 21 ) Back to back to the first piston ( 2 ) and one on the piston rod ( 3 ) attached drive disc ( 23 ) of one with a fastener ( 7b ) sliding sleeve ( 13 ) is enclosed, wherein the first piston ( 2 ) with the piston rod ( 3 ) and the seals ( 6a . 6b ) a piston rod side chamber forms into the via the check valve ( 8th ) is passed compressed gas and the piston rod remote area around the piston ( 21 ) via the check valve ( 9 ) is vented, wherein when pulling the sliding sleeve ( 13 ) via the drive plate ( 23 ) on the piston rod ( 3 ) and that the gas is compressed by reducing the chamber volume and when pressure is applied the further piston ( 21 ) on the first piston ( 2 ) and over the Sliding sleeve ( 13 ) with the fastening means ( 7b ) the cylinder ( 1 ) in the direction of the piston ( 2 ) is pressed and the gas is compressed in the chamber and the cross sections of the piston rods ( 3 . 22 ) in the area of seals ( 18a . 18b ) are the same and cancel the forces acting on the piston rods due to the external pressure straight. Shock absorbing element according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cylinder housing ( 4 ) of the 2-chamber gas spring against the outer cylinder housing ( 1 ) by a seal ( 6b ) is sealed gas-tight, the piston ( 2 ) with the seal ( 6a ) and the piston rod bushings with the seals ( 6c . 6d ) are provided. Shock absorbing element according to claim 2, characterized in that the pistons ( 2 . 5 ) the 1-chamber gas spring against the cylinder housing ( 1 ) through the seals ( 6a . 6c ) are gas-tight and through the seal ( 6b ) between the piston ( 5 ) and the piston rod ( 3 ) creates a gas-tight chamber. Shock absorbing element according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that the interior of the sleeve ( 13 ) and the non-pressure-carrying column to the outside through seals ( 14 . 18a . 18b ) and via bore ( 15 ), Channel ( 11 ) and check valve ( 9 ) are vented. Shock damping element according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the gas volume in the cylinder housing ( 1 ) formed chamber via an additional volume ( 16 ) is enlargeable. Shock absorbing element according to one of claims 2, 5 and 6, characterized in that the sleeve ( 13 ) through the piston ( 5 ) and the cylinder ( 1 ) is guided along its entire length, whereby transverse forces and moments acting on the fastening means ( 7b ), over the cylinder ( 1 ) on the foundation ( 24 ) are transferable.