DE10231777A1 - Production of a tungsten base material for hollow charges, fragments and/or penetrators comprises removing interstitial impurities from the base material - Google Patents

Production of a tungsten base material for hollow charges, fragments and/or penetrators comprises removing interstitial impurities from the base material Download PDF

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Publication number
DE10231777A1
DE10231777A1 DE2002131777 DE10231777A DE10231777A1 DE 10231777 A1 DE10231777 A1 DE 10231777A1 DE 2002131777 DE2002131777 DE 2002131777 DE 10231777 A DE10231777 A DE 10231777A DE 10231777 A1 DE10231777 A1 DE 10231777A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
base material
tungsten base
tungsten
penetrators
interstitial
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Withdrawn
Application number
DE2002131777
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German (de)
Inventor
Bernd Dr. Eigenmann
Karl Rudolf
Manfred Dr. Schildknecht
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Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
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Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE2002131777 priority Critical patent/DE10231777A1/en
Publication of DE10231777A1 publication Critical patent/DE10231777A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C22B34/36—Obtaining tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C22B9/228—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by particle radiation, e.g. electron beams

Abstract

Production of a tungsten base material comprises removing interstitial impurities from the base material.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wolfram-Basismaterials gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und Verwendungen desselben.The invention relates to a method for the production of a tungsten base material according to the preamble of the claim 1 and uses thereof.

Bei KE-Wirkteilen, d.h. bei Hohlladungen und P-Ladungen sowie bei Penetratoren und bei Splitterbelegungen wird eine möglichst hohe Dichte des verwendeten Werkstoffes angestrebt, um eine gewünschte hohe Leistung zu erreichen. Außerdem werden für die unterschiedlichen Anwendungen ausreichend hohe mechanische Festigkeiten und Verformbarkeiten benötigt.With KE active parts, i.e. for shaped charges and P-charges as well as penetrators and splinter coverings one if possible high density of the material used aimed for a desired high To achieve performance. Also be for the sufficiently high mechanical strengths in different applications and deformability required.

Wegen seiner hohen Dichte bei noch wirtschaftlich vertretbarem Anschaffungspreis ist Wolfram ein bevorzugt eingesetztes Material für KE-Wirkteile. Die Verarbeitung von Wolfram ist jedoch problematisch, außerdem sind die erzielbaren Eigenschaften oftmals unzureichend. Für Splitterbelegungen und für Penetratoren wird Wolfram in Form von Wolfram-Schwermetall WSM eingesetzt. Dabei handelt es sich um einen Sinterwerkstoff, der nur durch relativ problematische Umformprozesse die erforderliche hohe mechanische Festigkeit erreicht. Ein weiterer Mangel von WSM besteht darin, daß es sowohl bei nicht optimaler Herstellung als auch unter einem nachfolgenden Temperatureinfluß zur Versprödung und zum Verlust von Festigkeit neigt.Because of its high density at still economically reasonable purchase price is a preferred tungsten used material for KE-active parts. The processing of tungsten is problematic, Moreover the achievable properties are often inadequate. For chip assignments and for penetrators tungsten is used in the form of tungsten heavy metal WSM. there it is a sintered material that can only be relatively problematic forming processes the required high mechanical Strength reached. Another shortcoming of WSM is that it both with less than optimal production as well as under a subsequent one Influence of temperature for Embrittlement and tends to lose strength.

Für P-Ladungen wird Wolfram bislang nur als Legierungselement, nicht jedoch als Matrix- oder Basiswerkstoff eingesetzt. Das liegt an der hohen Versprödungsneigung der bekannten Wolfram-Basiswerkstoffe.For Tungsten has so far only been used as an alloying element, not however used as a matrix or base material. That's because the high tendency towards embrittlement the well-known tungsten base materials.

Der Einsatz von Wolfram bzw. von Wolfram-Basiswerkstoffen für die oben genannten Anwendungen, d.h. für KE-Wirkteile, scheitert bislang an der schwierigen Herstellung bzw. an den dabei erzielten, unzureichenden Werkstoffeigenschaften.The use of tungsten or Tungsten base materials for the above applications, i.e. for KE active parts, so far fails the difficult manufacture or the inadequate results achieved Material properties.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zur Herstellung eines Wolfram-Basismaterials zu schaffen, das eine hohe Festigkeit und eine gute Verformbarkeit aufweist.The invention is based on the object Process of the type mentioned at the outset for producing a tungsten base material to create that high strength and good ductility having.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Aus- bzw. Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 7 gekennzeichnet.This object is achieved by the Features of claim 1 solved. Preferred training or further developments of the method according to the invention are in the subclaims 2 to 7 marked.

Das erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Wolfram-Basismaterial findet in vorteilhafter Weise bei KE-Wirkteilen wie Hohlladungen, P-Ladungen, Splitterbewegungen und/oder Penetratoren Verwendung.The tungsten base material produced according to the invention takes advantage of KE active parts such as shaped charges, P-charges, splinter movements and / or penetrators use.

Es hat sich nämlich gezeigt, daß die Versprödungsneigung von Wolfram, insbesondere nach Rekristallisation, durch Entfernen von interstitiellen Verunreinigungen wie z.B. Sauerstoff, Kohlenstoff, Wasserstoff o.dgl, die sich versprödend auswirken, verringert werden kann, wenn deren Anteil < 50 ppm beträgt. Das gilt in besonderem Maße nach Rekristallisation, wenn sich die Verunreinigungen an den Korngrenzen anreichern. Wird beispielsweise durch mehrfaches Elektronenstrahlumschmelzen Wolfram erzeugt, das arm an interstitiellen Verunreinigungen ist, so wird die Versprödungsneigung verringert. Ein solchermaßen hergestellter Werkstoff kann durch Verformung und Rekristallisation feinkörnig duktil gestaltet werden oder durch Zulegieren von metallischen Legierungselementen in seiner Festigkeit und Duktilität an die jeweiligen Anforderungen angepaßt werden. Durch geeignete Legierungselemente kann ein derartiger Werkstoff beispielsweise auch ausscheidungshärtbar gemacht werden, so daß bei noch guter Duktilität die gewünschten, hinreichend hohen Festigkeiten erzielt werden.It has been shown that the tendency towards embrittlement of tungsten, especially after recrystallization, by removal of interstitial contaminants such as Oxygen, carbon, Hydrogen or the like, which has an embrittlement effect, is reduced can become if their share <50 ppm is. This is particularly true after recrystallization, if the contaminants at the grain boundaries accumulate. For example, by multiple electron beam remelting Produces tungsten that is low in interstitial contaminants, so becomes the tendency towards embrittlement reduced. Such a way The material produced can be deformed and recrystallized fine-grain be made ductile or by alloying metallic alloy elements in its strength and ductility to the respective requirements be adjusted. Such a material can be made using suitable alloying elements for example, can also be made precipitation-hardenable, so that with good ductility the desired, sufficiently high strengths can be achieved.

Auf diese Weise kann das Eigenschaftsprofil des erfindungsgemäßen Wolfram-Basismaterials, das erfindungsgemäß arm an interstitiellen Verunreinigungen ist und das keine separate Matrix wie WSM oder Wolfram-Kupfer-Legierungen aufweisen, individuell an die Anforderungen für Belegungen von Hohl-, P- und Splitterladungen sowie an die Anforderungen bei Penetratoren angepaßt werden. Das erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Wolfram-Basismaterial findet in vorteilhafter Weise also bei KE-Wirkteilen, d.h. bei Hohlladungen, P-Ladungen, Splitterbelegungen und/oder bei Penetratoren Anwendung.In this way, the property profile of the tungsten base material according to the invention, the poor in accordance with the invention interstitial impurities and that is not a separate matrix such as WSM or tungsten-copper alloys the requirements for Assignment of hollow, P and splinter loads as well as the requirements adapted for penetrators become. The manufactured according to the invention Tungsten base material is therefore advantageously used in KE active parts, i.e. for hollow charges, P-charges, splinters and / or penetrators Application.

Claims (8)

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wolfram-Basismaterials hoher Festigkeit und guter Verformbarkeit, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß aus dem Wolfram-Basismaterial die interstitiellen Verunreinigungen zumindest großteils entfernt werden.Process for producing a tungsten base material of high strength and good ductility, characterized in that the interstitial impurities are at least largely removed from the tungsten base material. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die interstitiellen Verunreinigungen, die sich nach Rekristallisation an den Korngrenzen des Wolfram-Basismaterials anreichern, zumindest großteils entfernt werden.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the interstitial Contamination that occurs after recrystallization at the grain boundaries of the Enrich the tungsten base material, at least largely remove it. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die interstitiellen Verunreinigungen durch mehrfaches Umschmelzen aus dem Wolfram-Basismaterial zumindest großteils entfernt werden.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interstitial Contamination from multiple remelting from the tungsten base material at least for the most part be removed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die interstitiellen Verunreinigungen durch mehrfaches Elektronenstrahl-Umschmelzen aus dem Wolfram-Basismaterial zumindest großteils entfernt werden.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the interstitial Contamination from multiple electron beam remelting from the Tungsten base material are at least largely removed. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zur Ausbildung eines feinkörnigen duktilen Wolfram-Basismaterials nach dem Entfernen der interstitiellen Verunreinigungen eine Verformung und Rekristallisation erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized that for Training a fine-grained ductile tungsten base material after removing the interstitial Contamination is deformed and recrystallized. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zur Anpassung an die jeweiligen Anforderungen bezüglich Festigkeit und Duktilität dem Wolfram-Basismaterial metallische Legierungselemente zulegiert werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized that for Adaptation to the respective requirements regarding strength and ductility of the tungsten base material metallic alloy elements are alloyed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das Wolfram-Basismaterial durch geeignete Legierungselemente ausscheidungshärtbar gemacht wird.A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the tungsten base material made precipitation-hardenable by suitable alloying elements becomes. Verwendung des nach dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 hergestellten Wolfram-Basismaterials für KE-Wirkteile wie Hohlladungen, P-Ladungen, Splitterbelegungen und/oder Penetratoren.Use of the according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 manufactured tungsten base material for KE active parts such as shaped charges, P-charges, splintering and / or penetrators.
DE2002131777 2002-07-13 2002-07-13 Production of a tungsten base material for hollow charges, fragments and/or penetrators comprises removing interstitial impurities from the base material Withdrawn DE10231777A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013008396B4 (en) * 2013-05-17 2015-04-02 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for remelting and / or remelting of metallic materials, in particular nitinol

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US2829962A (en) * 1955-03-22 1958-04-08 Lester D Supiro Method of producing tungsten sponge or powder of high purity
EP0103312A2 (en) * 1982-06-22 1984-03-21 SAMIM Società Azionaria Minero-Metallurgica S.p.A. Process for producing high-purity metals
EP0143775A2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1985-06-05 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Sub-calibre penetrator and method of making the same
JPS6270529A (en) * 1985-09-25 1987-04-01 Toshiba Corp Purifying method for tungsten or molybdenum
DE3528169C2 (en) * 1985-08-06 1987-09-24 Peter Dipl.-Ing. 4000 Duesseldorf De Zeitz
US4762695A (en) * 1985-03-04 1988-08-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Methods for preparing high-purity molybdenum or tungsten powder and high-purity oxides powder of the same
DE3705382C2 (en) * 1987-02-20 1989-06-01 Diehl Gmbh & Co, 8500 Nuernberg, De
JPH03180441A (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-08-06 Daido Steel Co Ltd Material opposed to plasma
JPH0428830A (en) * 1990-05-24 1992-01-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Method for refining tungsten
DE3884887T2 (en) * 1987-07-30 1994-02-10 Teledyne Ind Heavy metal alloys made of tungsten-nickel-iron-cobalt with high hardness and process for producing these alloys.
EP0667200B1 (en) * 1994-02-15 1998-08-26 H.C. Starck GmbH & Co. KG Preparation of high-purity metal powder from metal alkoxides
JP2001226735A (en) * 2000-02-10 2001-08-21 Allied Material Corp Tungsten material and its producing method

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2829962A (en) * 1955-03-22 1958-04-08 Lester D Supiro Method of producing tungsten sponge or powder of high purity
EP0103312A2 (en) * 1982-06-22 1984-03-21 SAMIM Società Azionaria Minero-Metallurgica S.p.A. Process for producing high-purity metals
EP0143775A2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1985-06-05 VOEST-ALPINE Aktiengesellschaft Sub-calibre penetrator and method of making the same
US4762695A (en) * 1985-03-04 1988-08-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Methods for preparing high-purity molybdenum or tungsten powder and high-purity oxides powder of the same
DE3528169C2 (en) * 1985-08-06 1987-09-24 Peter Dipl.-Ing. 4000 Duesseldorf De Zeitz
JPS6270529A (en) * 1985-09-25 1987-04-01 Toshiba Corp Purifying method for tungsten or molybdenum
DE3705382C2 (en) * 1987-02-20 1989-06-01 Diehl Gmbh & Co, 8500 Nuernberg, De
DE3884887T2 (en) * 1987-07-30 1994-02-10 Teledyne Ind Heavy metal alloys made of tungsten-nickel-iron-cobalt with high hardness and process for producing these alloys.
JPH03180441A (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-08-06 Daido Steel Co Ltd Material opposed to plasma
JPH0428830A (en) * 1990-05-24 1992-01-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Method for refining tungsten
EP0667200B1 (en) * 1994-02-15 1998-08-26 H.C. Starck GmbH & Co. KG Preparation of high-purity metal powder from metal alkoxides
JP2001226735A (en) * 2000-02-10 2001-08-21 Allied Material Corp Tungsten material and its producing method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013008396B4 (en) * 2013-05-17 2015-04-02 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for remelting and / or remelting of metallic materials, in particular nitinol
DE202014011248U1 (en) 2013-05-17 2018-10-25 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for remelting and / or remelting of metallic materials, in particular nitinol, and corresponding semi-finished products
US10422018B2 (en) 2013-05-17 2019-09-24 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for remelting and/or remelt-alloying metallic materials, in particular Nitinol

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Owner name: DIEHL BGT DEFENCE GMBH & CO. KG, 88662 UBERLINGEN,

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