DE1021918B - Extinguishing device for electrical fluids, especially low-oil circuit breakers or the like. - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an extinguishing device for electrical liquids, especially low in oil Circuit breaker or the like with a stationary one having one or more outflow openings Extinguishing room. It represents a further development of the circuit breaker specified in German patent specification 823 616 in that with her, as with this known switch, a Relief chamber connects. The relief chamber is preferably only partially filled with extinguishing liquid filled, with only transversely to the Licbtbogenbahn directed solvent flow through the discharge opening or outflow openings is provided.

By the invention, the above circuit breaker is both in terms of The arc extinguishing process and the design of the extinguishing device or the chamber are improved.

Circuit breakers are known in which the arc is blown transversely, but bsi those a movable pump cylinder is provided, which is carried along by the movable contact pin in this way is that the switch-off arc is drawn into the pump cylinder before the pumping device comes into effect. There are two breakers in this known power failure. from each other Completely independent flows are required, of which those for purging the base of the arc at the contact pin tip by means of the necessary liquid flow independent of the arc energy working moving pump cylinder and the other, for purging the rest of the Near the fixed switching contact lying arcing path serving Lösohströmung through the is caused by the arc energy generated pressure. The deletion process continues without a previous pressure storage, especially between the clear width of the outflow channels and the cylindrical Contact pin surface a gap remains and the quenching chamber of the second, as a pump cylinder trained arcing chamber is upstream with a small distance. This small distance must therefore must be preserved so that the arc enters the pump cylinder provided above the quenching chamber drawn in and the pure liquid flow in the pump cylinder can be used. The arc is thus drawn out unnecessarily, and there is a violent effect on himself the arc resisting extinction takes place. In addition, an extinguishing chamber liquid switch has become known, in which a movable hollow contact is provided, in which one on the stationary contact piece attached insulating bolt protrudes in such a way that between it and the cylindrical inner surface of the movable hollow contact an annular extinguishing device for electrical

Low in liquid, especially low in oil

Circuit breaker or the like

Applicant:
E. Neumann

High-voltage apparatus K.G.,

Berlin-Charlottenburg,

Spandauer Damm 40

Kurt Stummeyer, Berlin-Steglitz,

and Gerhard Preuß, Berlin-Neukölln,

have been named as inventors

Space for the axial flow of liquid is created. The movable hollow contact is of one the switch container in the actual extinguishing chamber space and a chamber for collecting the ejected extinguishing agent dividing (insert) Enclosed body having labyrinthine or curved channels. Besides that Such a (insert) body made of a full piece of material, such as porcelain, and the insulating bolt Increase the height of the switch not insignificantly, there is only a small amount of liquid biscuit available, since an axial flow must first set in around the insulating bolt, whereupon only a cross flow through the hollow movable switching pin can take place in such a way that the arc is struck by the same switching fluid one after the other, d. that is, the outflow channels Hegen streamlined in series. The quenching effect of such, can only be used for moderate switching capacities The switch is therefore essentially tailored to a high speed of the extinguishing agent, and it is inevitable that it will be contaminated with arcuate residue and ionized gases

709 847/247

pouring extinguishing agent into the arc path again which makes deletion difficult. In addition, there are few liquid biscuit circuit breakers the last-mentioned type of switch known, in which to increase the switching capacity one of a upper and lower plate delimited arcing chamber insert body is provided and the plates are connected by a tubular guide piece, which has lateral openings that communicate with the extinguishing agent space delimited by the plates stand, which is upstream of another extinguishing agent room. The mode of action of such Switch is based on the same principle as that of the switch last considered, in that it is first An axial flow also sets in, which is then converted into an Ouerströtnung via the movable hollow pin being further removed from the stationary contact piece for the flow through the same side openings, so it also needs to be drawn, but rather one that is foreseen Assumes course, the Ausnußkanal disappears and at least the relief chamber centric in l> ezug is arranged on the movable Sohaltstift and the mating contact piece.

Further precautions according to the invention, details, Possible uses and combinations as well as advantages of the invention are illustrated in the drawing explained; in this shows

ίο Fig. I the extinguishing device according to the invention in a schematic representation,

Fig. II shows an embodiment of the extinguishing device according to the invention, reproduced in longitudinal section and

III shows a further embodiment of the invention with two interruption sections, in schematic form Depiction.

As can be seen from Fig. I and II of the drawing, the switching chamber or the extinguishing device is in

partially contaminated extinguishing fluid uses a pressure chamber 1 and a relief chamber 2 will. Otherwise, it should be divided by such a wall. The two about as far as in Fig. II through

dashed lines indicated mirror with an extinguishing liquid, such as oil, and filled Chambers 1, 2 made of insulating material or provided with insulating material linings or coatings are arranged next to one another, namely the relief chamber 2 in the exemplary embodiment Fig. II encloses the pressure chamber 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. II, the Pressure chamber arranged eccentrically to the central relief chamber 2, so that a lateral and an upper relief space can be formed in which a lateral outflow opening 7 is provided is that can be divided.

In the vertical lateral partition 3 of the pressure chamber 1 there are outflow openings 4, which by the movable switching pin 5 cooperating with the stationary switching piece 6 in the manner of a slide can be controlled by closing and opened, also one after the other, when switching off. The outflow openings 4 can consist of several Made of insulating material or coated with insulating material, it is particularly favorable in terms of flow

Extinguishing liquid in a favorable moment, without 45 nozzles exist, which are below the that the arc is embarrassed, the level of the extinguishing liquid lies and radial or almost Oppose the action of the liquid flow. can be arranged radially.

There is thus an extremely intensive and reliable exit from the switching pin 5 during the shutdown process

Cooling of the arc takes place, so that it is located especially under the pressure chamber 1 is stationary which is quickly deleted. In this case, the connection 50 or the relatively fixed contact piece 6 generates the

ment compared to the switch with the insert body made of a full piece of material only one by the increased Pressure-induced increase in the discharge of the extinguishing agent should be avoided as far as possible.

In contrast, the invention consists in that the space in which the arc extinguishing process plays alone, as a pressure chamber that can be closed by means of the switch pin acting like a slide formed and the arrangement of the outflow openings above the fixed or relatively fixed, z. B. trailing contact is matched to the extinguishing distance, so that the extinguishing agent flow, after the pressure has been stored in the pressure chamber, only or almost at zero current takes place and the arc extinguishing process ends at the latest with the second current zero crossing is.

The amount of gas produced during the shutdown process creates an overpressure in the pressure chamber, even before the switching pin reaches the first (lower) discharge opening; in that the arrangement ■ the outflow openings are matched to the extinguishing distance, there is an intensive cross-flow of the

The use of simple precautions ensures a high level of reignition resistance reached with a short extinguishing distance and critical frequency of the recurring voltage, without unnecessarily increasing the arc work and without forcing the arc before reaching the N'Ullganges to act.

In the case of the circuit breaker mentioned at the outset, the oil flow is directed transversely to the arc path the two rooms d. H. the actual extinguishing chamber and the oil-free space - arranged one above the other and an additional drainage channel is provided on the side of the movable switch pin, the two are Chambers - d. H. the pressure and the relief chamber - in the sense of a further suggestion after of the invention at least partially arranged one next to the other, the pressure chamber being separated from the relief chamber can be enclosed. This results in essential technical and structural effects Advantages or simplifications, in that the light arising Arc in the pressure chamber 1 an overpressure, even before the switching pin 5 the first (lower) outflow opening 4 reached. Since the arrangement of the outflow openings 4 above the fixed Switching piece 6 according to the invention is matched to the extinguishing distance, the releases take place the first outflow opening and the intense cross-flow of the extinguishing liquid against the arc path in the current zero passage or immediately before reaching the current zero passage, so that the The arc is extinguished reliably and particularly quickly through intensive cooling. In the further course of the shutdown process, the switching pin 5, if necessary, releases further outflow openings, as a result of which a rapid pressure relief of the pressure chamber 1 takes place. That by the arc from the extinguishing liquid formed liquid-vapor-gas mixture hits against the switching chamber wall, relaxes in the chamber 2 or in its upper part and is

no longer curved in the form of loops in length - stimulated to condensation by the deflectors,

so that from the outflow opening 7 only a gas mist escapes into the atmosphere and the condensed extinguishing liquid, for. B. oil, flows back down again in the chambers 1, 2.

As can be seen from the embodiment according to FIG. II, the two switching pieces 5, 6 are provided centrally one above the other in the cylindrical switching chamber. In this switching chamber, the pressure chamber 1 is inserted eccentrically with its upper end plate 9, z. B. hung. The lower end plate 8 of the pressure chamber 1 is against the wall of the switching chamber sealed.

In a departure from the illustrated embodiment, the pressure chamber 1 can be concentric be arranged to the relief chamber enclosing them while maintaining a gap.

The cross section of the pressure chamber 1 can be round or oval (elliptical) and the relief chamber 2 can be polygonal, or vice versa, the pressure chamber 1 can be polygonal and the relief chamber 2 round or oval. Another modification can be, for. B. consist in that the pressure chamber 1, with the central arrangement of both chambers I ₁ 2 oval (or elliptical) is formed and touches the inner wall of the cylindrical relief chamber 2 at the ends of its main axis (or at the main vertices). As a result, the part of the relief chamber which is exposed to the liquid-vapor-gas mixture emerging from the pressure chamber, as in the case of the eccentric arrangement of the pressure chamber 1 according to FIG.

The side or sides of the pressure chamber provided on the side or sides of the pressure chamber facing the relief chamber 2 Outflow openings can be on the circumference of a circle or cylinder or on part of a helical line, staggered in the room, be arranged, whereby a local thermal load of the Chamber 2 is lowered.

In the case of high voltages, e.g. with regard to the reignition resistance during the shutdown process, several pressure or / and relief chambers are provided, each one behind the other are arranged; instead, the pressure or / and relief chamber can be divided into several individual chambers, i.e. while maintaining approximately the height of the one-piece chamber, be divided.

Likewise, to increase the breaking capacity, several interruption points can be arranged one behind the other, with each interruption point being equipped with its own pressure chamber with one or more nozzles, with a common relief space or with separate relief spaces. As Fig. III shows, z. B. two interruption points made by a resilient intermediate contact piece 10 and two pressure chambers 1, V arranged one behind the other are provided.

Another possibility is that the discharge nozzles and, if necessary, that of the action the arc or the gas line or the liquid-vapor-gas mixture directly or indirectly exposed Katnnierteile made of tracking current resistant or / and non-sintering insulating materials or from inserts of suitable thermal capacity a coating that promotes arc quenching in particular.

Not only oil, but any other completely or partially insulating liquid can be used as extinguishing liquid Be used., Another advantage of the invention is that only a very small Amount of extinguishing liquid is required.

The invention, in which the cross flow, in the sense of the above, the respective Adjusting current intensity is both on circuit breakers and, with a corresponding design, on so-called Load or power disconnectors can be used to switch off moderate power in the case of currents serve with certain performance factors.

Claims (8)

Patent claims: 1. Extinguishing device for electrical liquid circuit breakers, especially low-oil circuit breakers or the like, with a fixed extinguishing space having one or more outflow openings and one adjoining this, preferably only partially filled with extinguishing liquid Relief chamber, with only one extinguishing liquid flow directed transversely to the arc path is provided through the outflow opening or outflow openings, characterized in that that the space in which the arc extinguishing process takes place alone as one by means of the Shifter-like acting switching pin (5) is formed and closable pressure chamber (1). the Arrangement of the outflow openings (4) above the fixed or relatively fixed, z. B. trailing contact piece (6) is matched to the extinguishing distance, so that the extinguishing agent flow, after the pressure storage in the pressure chamber (1), takes place only or almost in the current zero passage and the arc extinguishing process is ended at the latest at the second current zero crossing. 2. Extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure chamber (1) is eccentric to the central relief chamber (2) is arranged, one side and one upper Forms relief space. 3. Extinguishing device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outflow openings are formed by several nozzles made of insulating material or coated with insulating material, which are below the level of the extinguishing liquid and are arranged radially or almost radially. 4. Extinguishing device according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (4) have metallic parts or inlays which form the li €! Htb0gen or its course magnetically or / and electrically, in the sense of favoring the arc extinguishing process. 5. Extinguishing device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (4) and, if applicable, that of the effect of the electric arc or the gas line or the Liquid-vapor-gas mixture directly or indirectly exposed chamber parts made of leakage current-resistant or / and non-sintering insulating materials or from deposits of suitable heat capacity with one that promotes arc extinction Coating exist. 6. Extinguishing device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pressure chamber (1) and / or relief chamber (2) divided or subdivided into several individual chambers or spaces is. 7. Extinguishing device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a plurality of pressure chambers (1, V) are arranged one above the other for the purpose of multiple interruptions, of which each is equipped with one or more discharge nozzles (4). 8. Extinguishing device according to claims 1 to 7, ■ characterized in that with multiple interruptions the individual interruption points by the arrangement of one or more under Spring action standing
(10) are formed. Intermediate contact pieces Considered publications: German Patent Specifications Nos. 723 209, 679 423, 027. 1 sheet of drawings © 709 847 / 24-7 12.57