EP0046824B1 - Gas blast switch - Google Patents

Gas blast switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046824B1
EP0046824B1 EP80108160A EP80108160A EP0046824B1 EP 0046824 B1 EP0046824 B1 EP 0046824B1 EP 80108160 A EP80108160 A EP 80108160A EP 80108160 A EP80108160 A EP 80108160A EP 0046824 B1 EP0046824 B1 EP 0046824B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
contact piece
quenching
switch
movable contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80108160A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0046824A2 (en
EP0046824A3 (en
Inventor
Adrian W. Dr. E.H. Dipl. Ing. Eth Roth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell Automation Switzerland GmbH
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Sprecher und Schuh AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Sprecher und Schuh AG filed Critical Sprecher und Schuh AG
Priority to AT80108160T priority Critical patent/ATE8440T1/en
Publication of EP0046824A2 publication Critical patent/EP0046824A2/en
Publication of EP0046824A3 publication Critical patent/EP0046824A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0046824B1 publication Critical patent/EP0046824B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas pressure switch with a fixed contact piece, with a rod-shaped movable contact piece which can be axially engaged with the fixed contact piece, and with a housing, the interior of which is inserted into the housing between an erosion electrode located in front of the fixed contact piece and a distance therefrom in the switching-off direction for the movable contact piece having a pressure opening opening extending arc pressure chamber, in an extinguishing space between the dividing wall and a partition also spaced therefrom in the switch-off direction and inserted into the housing and in an existing on the side of the intermediate wall facing away from the extinguishing space with the extinguishing space in the course of Switch-off stroke is subdivided into an expansion space which comes into gas connection through the channel which is released by the movable contact piece, the arc pressure space and the quenching space being interconnected via a gr Communicate greater volume than the storage space having the arc pressure space and provided with at least one flow deflecting body.
  • This direct connection between the arc pressure chamber and the extinguishing room causes on the one hand that a decrease in pressure occurs in the arc pressure room, which results in a reduction in the fresh gas flow from the storage space into the extinguishing room and, on the other hand, that hot gas ionized into the extinguishing room through the direct channel which has become free flows, which makes it difficult to extinguish the main arc.
  • the quenching properties of this known switch depend on the ratio of the flow resistances from the arc pressure chamber to the quenching chamber on the one hand via the storage space and on the other hand via the passage opening provided in the partition for the movable contact piece.
  • the part of the movable contact piece attached to the insulating piece is pulled out of the fixed contact piece, after which the arc quenching begins when the relatively hot and ionized gas flows out of the extinguishing space via the pressure relief valve into the expansion space.
  • the disadvantage of this gas pressure switch is that it is difficult to find a material for the insulating piece in the movable contact piece that can withstand the electrical, thermal and mechanical stresses.
  • the pressure relief valve that closes the extinguishing chamber is a very sensitive element, which is particularly at risk when relatively high short-circuit currents are switched off, or at least its response values do not remain constant.
  • This gas pressure switch is also unsuitable for carrying relatively high operating currents and for interrupting relatively high short-circuit currents.
  • a spring-loaded trailing pin is provided between the movable and the fixed contact piece.
  • the trailing pin separates from the fixed contact piece, creating a pressure-generating auxiliary arc.
  • the movable contact piece separates from the trailing pin in the extinguishing area.
  • the pressure generated by the auxiliary arc and also by the main arc in the quenching space drives quenching gas through one of the movable switching elements in the course of Switch-off stroke released nozzle.
  • This switch is also unsuitable for interrupting relatively high short-circuit currents.
  • This pressure gas switch is also not suitable for guiding relatively high operating currents because the contact points between the fixed contact piece and the trailing pin and between the trailing pin and the fixed contact piece are also arcing torches, which means that the contact resistance of these contact points can become too high unnoticed during operation. The heating of these contact points can exceed the permissible limits unnoticed at high operating currents.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a gas pressure switch of the type mentioned at the outset for guiding relatively high operating currents and for interrupting relatively high short-circuit currents.
  • the fixed contact piece which is enclosed by the latter in the course of the switch-on stroke against the action of a spring in its initial position by the movable contact piece, is axially displaceable and in the course of the switch-off stroke the movable contact piece is left until it leaves the partition and then the is connected to the trailing insulating piston sealing the passage opening between the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber and that the edge regions of the through opening in the partition wall facing the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber are electrically conductively connected to one another.
  • the trailing insulating piston can advantageously be hollow.
  • the insulating piston is pressure-compensated and does not have to have a spring that would have to counteract the pressure in the extinguishing chamber.
  • the extinguishing space can communicate with an additional expansion space arranged on the side of the trailing insulating piston facing away from the extinguishing space in the course of the switch-off stroke after the movable switching element has been separated from the trailing insulating piston via the hollow trailing insulating piston. This measure allows the expansion space to be subdivided or enlarged by an additional space.
  • the edge region of the passage opening in the partition can consist of an electrically conductive ring inserted into the partition. This makes economically advantageous manufacturing processes for the partition possible.
  • the ring can advantageously consist of graphite.
  • the pressure gas switch shown has an extinguishing gas, e.g. Sulfur hexafluoride, filled, externally sealed housing 1 made of an insulating material.
  • a fixed contact piece 2 is arranged in the housing 1, which is led out through the upper end wall 3 of the housing and is anchored in this end wall.
  • the fixed contact piece 2 has a ring of resilient contact fingers 4, which are preceded by an erosion electrode 5.
  • the interior of the housing 1 is divided into an arc pressure space 6, a storage space 7, an extinguishing space 8 and an expansion space 9.
  • the arcing pressure chamber 6 is located between the erosion electrode 5 and a partition 10 fastened in the switch-off direction at a distance from it.
  • the storage chamber 7 is delimited by the fixed contact piece 2, by the housing 1 and the partition wall 10 and has a fixed contact piece 2 coaxially at a distance surrounding, attached to the partition 10, open at the top, cylindrical flow deflector 11.
  • the storage space 7 is on the one hand directly connected to the arcing pressure space 6 and on the other hand to the extinguishing space 8 via a plurality of openings 12 provided radially behind the flow deflecting body 11 in the partition 10.
  • the extinguishing space 8 is separated from the expansion space 9 by an electrically insulating intermediate wall 13 fastened in the housing 1 and divided by an insulating disk 15 provided with openings 14.
  • a movable, tubular contact piece 16 extends - in the switch-on position shown in the right half of the figure - through the passages formed in the intermediate wall 13 and in the insulating disk 15, through the passage opening 17 provided in the partition 10 and engages with its free end 18 In the ring of contact fingers 4.
  • the movable tubular contact piece 16 is closed on the inside by an intermediate floor 19. Openings 20 are made in the tube wall between the intermediate floor 19 and the free end 18 of the movable contact piece 16, which allow the gas connection between the extinguishing space 8 and the expansion space 9 in the course of the switch-off stroke.
  • the lower end of the movable contact piece 16 is guided by a set of sliding contacts 21, which in turn are fastened to a ring 22 which forms the inner end of a connecting conductor 23. This is fastened tightly at the point 24 in the housing 1 and led out laterally from this.
  • the lower end of the movable contact piece 16 is connected to an only schematically illustrated switching rod 25 Coupled drive 26 with which the movable contact piece 16 is axially displaceable.
  • An axially displaceable trailing insulating piston 27 is guided in the fixed contact piece 2. It can be made from polytetrafluoroethylene, from a polymer of trifluorochloroethylene or from another suitable electrical insulating material. This trailing insulating piston 27 is moved in the course of the switch-on stroke against the action of a spring 28 into its starting position by the movable contact piece 16 and follow the movable contact piece 16 in the course of the switch-off stroke until the partition 10 is released under the action of the spring 28. When the switch-off stroke is continued, the trailing insulating piston 27 remains stationary and closes the passage opening 17 between the arc pressure chamber 6 and the extinguishing chamber 8 in the partition 10.
  • an electrically conductive ring 29 is inserted into the partition 10. This ring 29 delimits the passage opening 17 in the partition 10 and is made of graphite.
  • an additional expansion space 30 is accommodated, which comes into gas connection with the extinguishing space 8 via the hollow trailing insulating piston 27 in the course of the switch-off stroke.
  • the trailing insulating piston 27 follows the movement of the movable contact piece 16 under the action of the spring 28.
  • An auxiliary arc 31 only ignites in the arc pressure chamber 6 when the upper end 18 of the movable contact piece 16 contacts the contact fingers 4 and the erosion electrode 5 has left.
  • This arc is the " pressure build-up arc" which causes an increase in pressure in the arc pressure space.
  • the trailing insulating piston 27 dips into this passage opening 17 with its tip, stops and closes it.
  • the auxiliary arc 31 meanwhile continues to burn in the arc pressure space 6 between the erosion electrode 5 and the ring 29.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The gas blast switch of the invention has an insulating housing which is divided into an arcing enclosure for an auxiliary arc intended to build up the pressure, a storage enclosure for storing fresh quenching gas, a quenching enclosure meant for the quenching of the main arc, and an expansion enclosure. An axially movable insulating follower piston is provided within the fixed contact piece. During switching-on, it is pushed into its resting position through the action of the movable contact piece and against the force of a spring. During switching-off, it will follow the movable contact piece until the latter leaves the dividing wall, whereupon the piston stops, thus closing the aperture in the dividing wall which connects arcing and quenching enclosures. An electrically conductive ring forms the mouth of the aperture and acts as an arcing electrode between the auxiliary arc and the main arc. During a switch-off with quenching action, the pressure built up by the auxiliary arc drives fresh gas from the storage enclosure into the quenching enclosure.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Druckgasschalter mit einem festen Kontaktstück, mit einem mit dem festen Kontaktstück axial in Eingriff bringbaren stangenförmigen beweglichen Kontaktstück und mit einem Gehäuse, dessen Innenraum in einen zwischen einer dem festen Kontaktstück vorgelagerten Abbrandelektrode und einer davon in Ausschaltrichtung beabstandeten in das Gehäuse eingesetzten für das bewegliche Kontaktstück eine Drucktrittsöffnung aufweisenden Trennwand sich erstreckenden Lichtbogendruckraum, in einen zwischen der Trennwand und einer davon ebenfalls in Ausschaltrichtung beabstandeten und in das Gehäuse eingesetzten Zwischenwand liegenden Löschraum und in einen an der dem Löschraum abgekehrten Seite der Zwischenwand vorhandenen mit dem Löschraum im Zuge des Ausschalthubes über einen durch das bewegliche Kontaktstück freigegebenen Kanal in Gasverbindung tretenden Expansionsraum unterteilt ist, wobei der Lichtbogendruckraum und der Löschraum miteinander über einen einen grösseren Rauminhalt als der Lichtbogendruckraum aufweisenden und mit mindestens einem Strömungsumlenkkörper versehenen Speicherraum kommunizieren.The present invention relates to a gas pressure switch with a fixed contact piece, with a rod-shaped movable contact piece which can be axially engaged with the fixed contact piece, and with a housing, the interior of which is inserted into the housing between an erosion electrode located in front of the fixed contact piece and a distance therefrom in the switching-off direction for the movable contact piece having a pressure opening opening extending arc pressure chamber, in an extinguishing space between the dividing wall and a partition also spaced therefrom in the switch-off direction and inserted into the housing and in an existing on the side of the intermediate wall facing away from the extinguishing space with the extinguishing space in the course of Switch-off stroke is subdivided into an expansion space which comes into gas connection through the channel which is released by the movable contact piece, the arc pressure space and the quenching space being interconnected via a gr Communicate greater volume than the storage space having the arc pressure space and provided with at least one flow deflecting body.

Aus der CH-A Nr. 173516 ist ein Druckgasschalter der eingangs beschriebenen Art bekannt. Der bei diesem bekannten Druckgasschalter zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum über dem Speicherraum vorgesehene offene Kanal bezweckt, dass der im Lichtbogendruckraum durch den Hilfslichtbogen erzeugte Druck aus dem Speicherraum frisches Gas in den Löschraum treibt, wodurch die Löschung des Hauptlichtbogens im Löschraum erleichtert wird. Zu diesem offenen Kanal wird aber im Zuge des Ausschalthubes ein zweiter Kanal parallel geschaltet und zwar, nachdem das bewegliche Schaltstück die in der Trennwand angebrachte Durchtrittsöffnung zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum verlassen hat. Diese direkte Verbindung zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum bewirkt einerseits, dass im Lichtbogendruckraum eine Druckverminderung eintritt, was die Verminderung der Frischgasförderung aus dem Speicherraum in den Löschraum zur Folge hat und anderseits, dass durch den frei gewordenen direkten Kanal ionisiertes, heisses Gas in den Löschraum fliesst, was eine Erschwerung der Löschung des Hauptlichtbogens verursacht. Die Löscheigenschaften dieses bekannten Schalters sind vom Verhältnis der Strömungswiderstände vom Lichtbogendruckraum zum Löschraum einerseits über den Speicherraum und anderseits über die für das bewegliche Kontaktstück vorgesehene Durchtrittsöffnung in der Trennwand abhängig. Insbesondere bei einem für die Führung relativ hoher Betriebsströme und für die Abschaltung relativ hoher Kurzschlussströme vorgesehenen Druckgasschalter ist ein relativ dickes bewegliches Kontaktstück erforderlich, so dass bei einem solchen Schalter der vorerwähnte Strömungswiderstand über den Speicherraum nicht mehr sehr viel kleiner ist als über die Durchtrittsöffnung in der Trennwand. Der aus der CH-A Nr. 173516 bekannte Druckgasschalter lässt sich daher nicht für die Führung relativ hoher Betriebsströme und für die Abschaltung relativ hoher Kurzschlussströme und für die Abschaltung relativ hoher Kurzschlusströme ausbilden.From CH-A No. 173516 a gas pressure switch of the type described in the opening paragraph is known. The purpose of the open channel provided in this known compressed gas switch between the arc pressure chamber and the quenching space above the storage space is that the pressure generated in the arc pressure space by the auxiliary arc drives fresh gas into the quenching space from the storage space, thereby facilitating the quenching of the main arc in the quenching space. In the course of the switch-off stroke, however, a second channel is connected in parallel to this open channel, namely after the movable contact piece has left the passage opening between the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber which is provided in the partition. This direct connection between the arc pressure chamber and the extinguishing room causes on the one hand that a decrease in pressure occurs in the arc pressure room, which results in a reduction in the fresh gas flow from the storage space into the extinguishing room and, on the other hand, that hot gas ionized into the extinguishing room through the direct channel which has become free flows, which makes it difficult to extinguish the main arc. The quenching properties of this known switch depend on the ratio of the flow resistances from the arc pressure chamber to the quenching chamber on the one hand via the storage space and on the other hand via the passage opening provided in the partition for the movable contact piece. In particular in the case of a pressure gas switch provided for guiding relatively high operating currents and for switching off relatively high short-circuit currents, a relatively thick movable contact piece is required, so that with such a switch the aforementioned flow resistance across the storage space is no longer very much smaller than via the passage opening in the Partition wall. The pressure gas switch known from CH-A No. 173516 can therefore not be designed for guiding relatively high operating currents and for switching off relatively high short-circuit currents and for switching off relatively high short-circuit currents.

Aus der CH-A Nr. 250184 ist ein weiterer Druckgasschalter mit einem Lichtbogendruckraum und einem Löschraum bekannt, bei welchem aber ein mit mindestens einem Strömungsumlenkkörper versehener Speicherraum fehlt. Der Lichtbogendruckraum steht mit dem gegenüber einem Expansionsraum mit einem am festen Kontaktstück angebrachten Überdruckventil abgeschlossenen Löschraum in direkter Verbindung. Das bewegliche Kontaktstück ist auf einen Teil seiner Länge durch ein Isolierstück gebildet. Dieses Isolierstück wird in der Einschaltstellung durch eine elektrisch leitende zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum angeordnete Hülse überbrückt. In der Einschaltstellung des Schalters sind demnach drei im Schalter Wärmeverluste verursachende Kontaktstellen vorhanden, nämlich zwischen dem beweglichen Kontaktstück und der Hülse, zwischen der Hülse und dem am Isolierstück befestigten Teil des beweglichen Kontaktstückes und schliesslich zwischen diesem Teil des beweglichen Kontaktstückes und dem festen Kontaktstück. Im Zuge des Ausschalthubes wird zuerst das Isolierstück des beweglichen Kontaktstückes in den Lichtbogendruckraum gezogen, wobei dort ein druckerzeugender Hilfslichtbogen entsteht. Dann wird der am Isolierstück befestigte Teil des beweglichen Schaltstückes aus dem festen Kontaktstück gezogen, wonach die Lichtbogenlöschung bei Abströmung des relativ heissen und ionisierten Gases aus dem Löschraum über das Überdruckventil in den Expansionsraum beginnt. Nachteil dieses Druckgasschalters ist, dass es schwierig ist, ein Material für das Isolierstück im beweglichen Schaltstück zu finden, das den elektrischen, thermischen und mechanischen Beanspruchungen gewachsen ist. Im weiteren ist das den Löschraum abschliessende Überdruckventil ein sehr empfindliches Element, das insbesondere bei Abschaltung relativ hoher Kurzschlussströme gefährdet ist oder zumindest seine Ansprechwerte nicht konstant bleiben. Dieser Druckgasschalter ist auch ungeeignet zur Führung relativ hoher Betriebsströme und für die Unterbrechung relativ hoher Kurzschlussströme.From CH-A No. 250184 a further pressure gas switch with an arc pressure space and an extinguishing space is known, but in which a storage space provided with at least one flow deflecting body is missing. The arc pressure chamber is directly connected to the extinguishing chamber, which is closed off from an expansion chamber with a pressure relief valve attached to the fixed contact piece. The movable contact piece is formed over part of its length by an insulating piece. In the switch-on position, this insulating piece is bridged by an electrically conductive sleeve arranged between the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber. Accordingly, in the switch-on position of the switch, there are three contact points which cause heat loss in the switch, namely between the movable contact piece and the sleeve, between the sleeve and the part of the movable contact piece fastened to the insulating piece, and finally between this part of the movable contact piece and the fixed contact piece. In the course of the switch-off stroke, the insulating piece of the movable contact piece is first drawn into the arc pressure chamber, a pressure-generating auxiliary arc being created there. Then the part of the movable contact piece attached to the insulating piece is pulled out of the fixed contact piece, after which the arc quenching begins when the relatively hot and ionized gas flows out of the extinguishing space via the pressure relief valve into the expansion space. The disadvantage of this gas pressure switch is that it is difficult to find a material for the insulating piece in the movable contact piece that can withstand the electrical, thermal and mechanical stresses. Furthermore, the pressure relief valve that closes the extinguishing chamber is a very sensitive element, which is particularly at risk when relatively high short-circuit currents are switched off, or at least its response values do not remain constant. This gas pressure switch is also unsuitable for carrying relatively high operating currents and for interrupting relatively high short-circuit currents.

Bei dem aus der CH-A Nr. 385319 bekannten Druckgasschalter ist zwischen dem beweglichen und dem festen Kontaktstück ein federbelasteter Nachlaufstift vorgesehen. Im Zuge des Ausschalthubes trennt sich zuerst der Nachlaufstift vom festen Kontaktstück, wobei ein druckerzeugender Hilfslichtbogen entsteht. Anschliessend trennt sich auch das bewegliche Kontaktstück vom Nachlaufstift im Löschraum. Der durch den Hilfslichtbogen und auch vom Hauptlichtbogen im Löschraum erzeugte Druck treibt Löschgas durch eine vom beweglichen Schaltstück im Zuge des Ausschalthubes freigegebene Düse. Für die Zufuhr von frischem Gas in den Löschraum gibt es hier keine Hinweise. Dieser Schalter ist auch ungeeignet für die Unterbrechung relativ hoher Kurzschlussströme. Für die Führung relativ hoher Betriebsströme ist dieser Druckgasschalter auch nicht geeignet, weil die Kontaktstellen zwischen dem festen Kontaktstück und dem Nachlaufstift und zwischen dem Nachlaufstift und dem festen Kontaktstück zugleich auch Lichtbogenbrennstelten sind, wodurch der Übergangswiderstand dieser Kontaktstellen im Betrieb unbemerkt zu hoch werden kann. Die Erwärmung dieser Kontaktstellen kann bei hohen Betriebsströmen die zulässigen Grenzen unbemerkt überschreiten.In the pressure gas switch known from CH-A No. 385319, a spring-loaded trailing pin is provided between the movable and the fixed contact piece. In the course of the switch-off stroke, the trailing pin separates from the fixed contact piece, creating a pressure-generating auxiliary arc. Then the movable contact piece separates from the trailing pin in the extinguishing area. The pressure generated by the auxiliary arc and also by the main arc in the quenching space drives quenching gas through one of the movable switching elements in the course of Switch-off stroke released nozzle. There is no information here regarding the supply of fresh gas to the extinguishing room. This switch is also unsuitable for interrupting relatively high short-circuit currents. This pressure gas switch is also not suitable for guiding relatively high operating currents because the contact points between the fixed contact piece and the trailing pin and between the trailing pin and the fixed contact piece are also arcing torches, which means that the contact resistance of these contact points can become too high unnoticed during operation. The heating of these contact points can exceed the permissible limits unnoticed at high operating currents.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Druckgasschalter der eingangs erwähnten Art für die Führung relativ hoher Betriebsströme und für die Unterbrechung relativ hoher Kurzschlussströme auszubilden.The object of the present invention is to design a gas pressure switch of the type mentioned at the outset for guiding relatively high operating currents and for interrupting relatively high short-circuit currents.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass dem festen Kontaktstück ein von diesem umschlossener im Zuge des Einschalthubes gegen die Wirkung einer Feder in seine Ausgangsstellung durch das bewegliche Schaltstück axial verschiebbarer und im Zuge des Ausschalthubes das bewegliche Schaltstück bis zum Verlassen der Trennwand folgender und danach die zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum liegende Durchtrittsöffnung in der Trennwand verschliessender Nachlauf-Isolierkolben zugeordnet ist und dass die dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum zugekehrten Randbereiche der Durchtrittsöffnung in der Trennwand miteinander elektrisch leitend verbunden sind.The stated object is achieved in that the fixed contact piece, which is enclosed by the latter in the course of the switch-on stroke against the action of a spring in its initial position by the movable contact piece, is axially displaceable and in the course of the switch-off stroke the movable contact piece is left until it leaves the partition and then the is connected to the trailing insulating piston sealing the passage opening between the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber and that the edge regions of the through opening in the partition wall facing the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber are electrically conductively connected to one another.

Durch diese Massnahmen wird erreicht, dass das Gas in den Löschraum im Zuge des ganzen Ausschalthubes nur über den Frischgas enthaltenden Speicherraum fliessen kann. Die direkte Verbindung zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum ist durch den Nachlauf-Isolierkolben unterbunden. Die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen den dem Lichtbogendruckraum und dem Löschraum zugekehrten Randbereichen der Durchtrittsöffnung ist für die Führung des im Lichtbogen fliessenden Stromes vorgesehen.These measures ensure that the gas can only flow into the extinguishing space in the course of the entire switch-off stroke via the storage space containing fresh gas. The direct connection between the arc pressure chamber and the extinguishing room is prevented by the trailing insulating piston. The electrically conductive connection between the edge regions of the passage opening facing the arc pressure chamber and the quenching chamber is provided for guiding the current flowing in the arc.

Der Nachlauf-Isolierkolben kann vorteilhafterweise hohl ausgebildet sein. So ist der Isolierkolben druckkompensiert und muss keine Feder aufweisen, die dem Druck im Löschraum entgegenwirken müsste.The trailing insulating piston can advantageously be hollow. The insulating piston is pressure-compensated and does not have to have a spring that would have to counteract the pressure in the extinguishing chamber.

Der Löschraum kann im Zuge des Ausschalthubes nach der Trennung des beweglichen Schaltstückes vom Nachlauf-Isolierkolben über den hohl ausgebildeten Nachlauf-Isolierkolben mit einem an der dem Löschraum abgekehrten Seite des Nachlauf-Isolierkolbens angeordneten zusätzlichen Expansionsraum kommunizieren. Diese Massnahme erlaubt die Unterteilung oder die Vergrösserung des Expansionsraumes durch einen zusätzlichen Raum.The extinguishing space can communicate with an additional expansion space arranged on the side of the trailing insulating piston facing away from the extinguishing space in the course of the switch-off stroke after the movable switching element has been separated from the trailing insulating piston via the hollow trailing insulating piston. This measure allows the expansion space to be subdivided or enlarged by an additional space.

Der Randbereich der Durchtrittsöffnung in der Trennwand kann aus einem in die Trennwand eingesetzten elektrisch leitenden Ring bestehen. Dadurch sind wirtschaftlich vorteilhafte Herstellverfahren für die Trennwand möglich. Der Ring kann vorteilhafterweise aus Graphit bestehen.The edge region of the passage opening in the partition can consist of an electrically conductive ring inserted into the partition. This makes economically advantageous manufacturing processes for the partition possible. The ring can advantageously consist of graphite.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben, wobei deren einzige Figur einen schematischen Achsialschnitt durch einen Druckgasschalter zeigt.An embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing, the single figure of which shows a schematic axial section through a pressure gas switch.

Der dargestellte Druckgasschalter besitzt ein mit einem Löschgas, z.B. Schwefelhexafluorid, gefülltes, nach aussen dicht abgekapseltes Gehäuse 1 aus einem Isolierstoff. Im Gehäuse 1 ist ein festes Kontaktstück 2 angeordnet, das durch die obere Stirnwand 3 des Gehäuses herausgeführt ist, und in dieser Stirnwand verankert ist. Das feste Kontaktstück 2 weist einen Kranz federnder Kontaktfinger 4 auf, denen eine Abbrandelektrode 5 vorgelagert ist.The pressure gas switch shown has an extinguishing gas, e.g. Sulfur hexafluoride, filled, externally sealed housing 1 made of an insulating material. A fixed contact piece 2 is arranged in the housing 1, which is led out through the upper end wall 3 of the housing and is anchored in this end wall. The fixed contact piece 2 has a ring of resilient contact fingers 4, which are preceded by an erosion electrode 5.

Der Innenraum des Gehäuses 1 ist in einen Lichtbogendruckraum 6, in einen Speicherraum 7, in einen Löschraum 8 und in einen Expansionsraum 9 unterteilt. Der Lichtbogendruckraum 6 liegt zwischen der Abbrandelektrode 5 und einer davon in Ausschaltrichtung beabstandeten im Gehäuse 1 befestigten Trennwand 10. Der Speicherraum 7 ist durch das feste Kontaktstück 2, durch das Gehäuse 1 und die Trennwand 10 begrenzt und weist einen das feste Kontaktstück 2 mit Abstand koaxial umgebenden, an der Trennwand 10 befestigten, oben offenen, zylindrischen Strömungsumlenkkörper 11 auf. Der Speicherraum 7 steht einerseits mit dem Lichtbogendruckraum 6 direkt und anderseits mit dem Löschraum 8 über mehrere radial hinter dem Strömungsumlenkkörper 11 in der Trennwand 10 angebrachte Öffnungen 12 in offener Verbindung. Der Löschraum 8 ist vom Expansionsraum 9 durch eine im Gehäuse 1 befestigte elektrisch isolierende Zwischenwand 13 getrennt und durch eine mit Öffnungen 14 versehene Isolierscheibe 15 unterteilt.The interior of the housing 1 is divided into an arc pressure space 6, a storage space 7, an extinguishing space 8 and an expansion space 9. The arcing pressure chamber 6 is located between the erosion electrode 5 and a partition 10 fastened in the switch-off direction at a distance from it. The storage chamber 7 is delimited by the fixed contact piece 2, by the housing 1 and the partition wall 10 and has a fixed contact piece 2 coaxially at a distance surrounding, attached to the partition 10, open at the top, cylindrical flow deflector 11. The storage space 7 is on the one hand directly connected to the arcing pressure space 6 and on the other hand to the extinguishing space 8 via a plurality of openings 12 provided radially behind the flow deflecting body 11 in the partition 10. The extinguishing space 8 is separated from the expansion space 9 by an electrically insulating intermediate wall 13 fastened in the housing 1 and divided by an insulating disk 15 provided with openings 14.

Ein bewegliches, rohrförmiges Kontaktstück 16 erstreckt sich - in der in der rechten Hälfte der Figur dargestellten Einschaltstellung - durch die in der Zwischenwand 13 und in der Isolierscheibe 15 ausgebildeten Durchlässe, durch die in der Trennwand 10 angebrachte Durchtrittsöffnung 17 und greift mit seinem freien Ende 18 in den Kranz der Kontaktfinger 4. Das bewegliche rohrförmige Kontaktstück 16 ist innen durch einen Zwischenboden 19 verschlossen. Zwischen dem Zwischenboden 19 und dem freien Ende 18 des beweglichen Schaltstückes 16 sind in der Rohrwandung Öffnungen 20 angebracht, die im Zuge des Ausschalthubes die Gasverbindung zwischen dem Löschraum 8 und dem Expansionsraum 9 ermöglichen. Das untere Ende des beweglichen Schaltstückes 16 ist durch einen Satz Gleitkontakte 21 geführt, die ihrerseits an einem Ring 22 befestigt sind, welcher das innere Ende eines Anschlussleiters 23 bildet. Dieser ist an der Stelle 24 dicht im Gehäuse 1 befestigt und seitlich aus diesem herausgeführt. Das untere Ende des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 16 ist über eine isolierende Schaltstange 25 an einen nur schematisch dargestellten Antrieb 26 gekoppelt, mit dem das bewegliche Kontaktstück 16 axial verschiebbar ist.A movable, tubular contact piece 16 extends - in the switch-on position shown in the right half of the figure - through the passages formed in the intermediate wall 13 and in the insulating disk 15, through the passage opening 17 provided in the partition 10 and engages with its free end 18 In the ring of contact fingers 4. The movable tubular contact piece 16 is closed on the inside by an intermediate floor 19. Openings 20 are made in the tube wall between the intermediate floor 19 and the free end 18 of the movable contact piece 16, which allow the gas connection between the extinguishing space 8 and the expansion space 9 in the course of the switch-off stroke. The lower end of the movable contact piece 16 is guided by a set of sliding contacts 21, which in turn are fastened to a ring 22 which forms the inner end of a connecting conductor 23. This is fastened tightly at the point 24 in the housing 1 and led out laterally from this. The lower end of the movable contact piece 16 is connected to an only schematically illustrated switching rod 25 Coupled drive 26 with which the movable contact piece 16 is axially displaceable.

Im festen Kontaktstück 2 ist ein axial verschiebbarer Nachlauf-Isolierkolben 27 geführt. Er kann aus Polytetrafluoräthylen, aus einem Polymer des Trifluorchloräthylens oder aus einem anderen geeigneten elektrischen Isoliermaterial hergestellt sein. Dieser Nachlauf-Isolierkolben 27 wird im Zuge des Einschalthubes gegen die Wirkung einer Feder 28 in seine Ausgangsstellung durch das bewegliche Kontaktstück 16 verschoben und im Zuge des Ausschalthubes dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 16 bis zum Yerlassen der Trennwand 10 unter Wirkung der Feder 28 folgen. Bei Fortsetzung des Ausschalthubes bleibt der Nachlauf-Isolierkolben 27 stehen und verschliesst die zwischen dem Lichtbogendruckraum 6 und dem Löschraum 8 liegende Durchtrittsöffnung 17 in der Trennwand 10. Um die elektrische Verbindung zwischen den dem Lichtbogendruckraum 6 und dem Löschraum 8 zugekehrten Randbereichen der Durchtrittsöffnung 17 in der Trennwand 10 zu sichern, ist in die Trennwand 10 ein elektrisch leitender Ring 29 eingesetzt. Dieser Ring 29 begrenzt die Durchtrittsöffnung 17 in der Trennwand 10 und besteht aus Graphit.An axially displaceable trailing insulating piston 27 is guided in the fixed contact piece 2. It can be made from polytetrafluoroethylene, from a polymer of trifluorochloroethylene or from another suitable electrical insulating material. This trailing insulating piston 27 is moved in the course of the switch-on stroke against the action of a spring 28 into its starting position by the movable contact piece 16 and follow the movable contact piece 16 in the course of the switch-off stroke until the partition 10 is released under the action of the spring 28. When the switch-off stroke is continued, the trailing insulating piston 27 remains stationary and closes the passage opening 17 between the arc pressure chamber 6 and the extinguishing chamber 8 in the partition 10. In order to make the electrical connection between the edge areas of the passage opening 17 facing the arc pressure chamber 6 and the extinguishing chamber 8 To secure the partition 10, an electrically conductive ring 29 is inserted into the partition 10. This ring 29 delimits the passage opening 17 in the partition 10 and is made of graphite.

Im festen Kontaktstück 2 ist ein zusätzlicher Expansionsraum 30 untergebracht, der im Zuge des Ausschalthubes mit dem Löschraum 8 über den hohl ausgebildeten Nachlauf-Isolierkolben 27 in Gasverbindung tritt.In the fixed contact piece 2, an additional expansion space 30 is accommodated, which comes into gas connection with the extinguishing space 8 via the hollow trailing insulating piston 27 in the course of the switch-off stroke.

Setzt nun die Ausschaltbewegung ein, so folgt der Nachlauf-Isolierkolben 27 unter der Wirkung der Feder 28 der Bewegung des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 16. Ein Hilfslichtbogen 31 zündet im Lichtbogendruckraum 6 erst, wenn das obere Ende 18 des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 16 die Kontaktfinger 4 und die Abbrandelektrode 5 verlassen hat. Dieser Lichtbogen ist der "Druckauf- baubogen", der einen Druckanstieg im Lichtbogendruckraum bewirkt. Beim weiteren Fortschreiten der Ausschaltbewegung verlässt das obere Ende 18 des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 16 die Durchtrittsöffnung 17 in der Trennwand 10. Der Nachlauf-Isolierkolben 27 taucht mit seiner Spitze in diese Durchtrittsöffnung 17, bleibt stehen und verschliesstsie. Der Hilfslichtbogen 31 brennt unterdessen weiter im Lichtbogendruckraum 6 zwischen der Abbrandelektrode 5 und dem Ring 29. Die durch diesen Hilfslichtbogen 31 verursachte Druckerhöhung treibt das Löschgas in Richtung der Pfeile 32. Aus dem Speicherraum 7 wird frisches, kaltes Gas über die Öffnungen 12 in den Löschraum 8 getrieben, wodurch dort der Druck in bezug auf den Expansionsraum auch erhöht wird. Sobald dann das obere Ende 18 des beweglichen Schaltstückes 16 die nun stillstehende Spitze des Nachlauf-Isolierkolbens 27 verlässt, kann frisches Gas aus dem Löschraum 8 zuerst in den zusätzlichen Expansionsraum 30 und, sobald die Öffnungen 20 die Zwischenwand 13 bei Fortsetzung der Ausschaltbewegung verlassen haben und frei sind, auch in den Expansionsraum 9 strömen und den zwischen dem Ring 29 und dem oberen Ende 18 des beweglichen Kontaktstückes 16 brennenden Hauptlichtbogen 33 beblasen und löschen.If the switch-off movement now begins, the trailing insulating piston 27 follows the movement of the movable contact piece 16 under the action of the spring 28. An auxiliary arc 31 only ignites in the arc pressure chamber 6 when the upper end 18 of the movable contact piece 16 contacts the contact fingers 4 and the erosion electrode 5 has left. This arc is the " pressure build-up arc" which causes an increase in pressure in the arc pressure space. As the switch-off movement progresses, the upper end 18 of the movable contact piece 16 leaves the passage opening 17 in the partition 10. The trailing insulating piston 27 dips into this passage opening 17 with its tip, stops and closes it. The auxiliary arc 31 meanwhile continues to burn in the arc pressure space 6 between the erosion electrode 5 and the ring 29. The pressure increase caused by this auxiliary arc 31 drives the extinguishing gas in the direction of the arrows 32. Fresh, cold gas is discharged from the storage space 7 through the openings 12 into the extinguishing space 8 driven, whereby the pressure in relation to the expansion space is also increased there. As soon as the upper end 18 of the movable contact piece 16 leaves the now stationary tip of the trailing insulating piston 27, fresh gas can first come out of the extinguishing space 8 into the additional expansion space 30 and as soon as the openings 20 have left the intermediate wall 13 while continuing to switch off and are free, also flow into the expansion space 9 and blow and extinguish the main arc 33 burning between the ring 29 and the upper end 18 of the movable contact piece 16.

Claims (5)

1. Gas blast switch with a resting contact piece (2), with a rod-like movable contact piece (16) that can be brought axially into engagement with the resting contact piece (2), and with a housing (1), the interior of which is partitioned into an arcing enclosure (6), a quenching enclosure (8) and an expansion enclosure (9), where the arcing enclosure lies between a consumable electrode (5) situated in front of the resting contact piece (2) and a separation wall (10) situated at a certain distance in the switch-off direction from said resting consumable electrode (5), which wall is fitted into the housing (1) and comprises a passage (17) for the movable contact piece (16), where the quenching enclosure (8) lies between said separation wall (10) and an intermediate wall (13) which is also set in the housing (1) and situated at a certain distance in the switch-off direction from said partitioning wall (10), and where the expansion enclosure (9) lies on the side of the intermediate wall (13) facing away from the quenching enclosure (8) to which it becomes connected by a gas path in the course of the switch-off movement through a duct from which the movable contact piece exits during said movement, and where the arcing enclosure (6) and the quenching enclosure (8) communicate through a storage enclosure (7) which has a greater volume than the arcing enclosure (6) and comprises at least one gas deflecting organ (11), characterized in that an insulating follower piston (27) is associated with the resting contact piece (2) and surrounded by the same, said piston being axially urged back into its resting position by the movable contact piece (16) and against the pressure of a spring (28) during the switch-on movement, said follower piston being further arranged so as to follow the movable contact piece (16) during the switch-off movement until it leaves the separation wall (10) and then to close the passage (17) provided in this wall (10) and situated between the arcing enclosure (6) and the quenching enclosure (8), and in that the border zones of the passage in the separation wall (10) which face the arcing enclosure (6) and the quenching enclosure (8) are electrically connected.
2. Gas blast switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating follower piston (27) is hollow.
3. Gas blast switch according to claim 2, characterized in that during the switching-off movement and after the separation of the movable contact piece (16) from the insulating follower piston (27) the quenching enclosure is brought into communication, through the hollow insulating follower piston (27), with an additional expansion enclosure (30) situated on the far side of the insulating follower piston (27) relative to the quenching enclosure (8).
4. Gas blast switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the border region of the passage (17) in the separation wall (10) consists in a conductive ring (29) fitted into said wall (10).
5. Gas blast switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the ring (29) is made of graphite.
EP80108160A 1980-09-01 1980-12-23 Gas blast switch Expired EP0046824B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80108160T ATE8440T1 (en) 1980-09-01 1980-12-23 GAS SWITCH.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH656480 1980-09-01
CH6564/80 1980-09-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0046824A2 EP0046824A2 (en) 1982-03-10
EP0046824A3 EP0046824A3 (en) 1982-03-17
EP0046824B1 true EP0046824B1 (en) 1984-07-11

Family

ID=4311582

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80108160A Expired EP0046824B1 (en) 1980-09-01 1980-12-23 Gas blast switch

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Country Link
US (1) US4395607A (en)
EP (1) EP0046824B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE8440T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3068564D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59144726U (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-27 日新電機株式会社 Gas cutter
DE3440212A1 (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-17 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie., Baden, Aargau EXHAUST GAS SWITCH
EP3504726B1 (en) * 2016-08-26 2020-12-02 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG Switch and method for disconnecting a switch
CN111128595B (en) * 2019-12-31 2022-06-07 宁波军鸽防务科技有限公司 Control switch

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH250184A (en) * 1943-03-06 1947-08-15 Lange Emil Switch with arc extinguishing by a flow of pressure extinguishing agent generated by the arc itself.
US2671144A (en) * 1950-05-18 1954-03-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2671147A (en) * 1950-05-18 1954-03-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
DE2316008B2 (en) * 1973-03-30 1978-03-30 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Arrangement for extinguishing a rotating electrical alternating current arc
DE7728194U1 (en) * 1976-10-20 1978-09-28 Bbc Ag Brown, Boveri & Cie, Baden, Aargau (Schweiz) Gas switch with self-extinguishing
FR2369673A1 (en) * 1976-10-28 1978-05-26 Cem Comp Electro Mec Gas blast circuit breaker - has two annular electrodes, one acting as intermediate on one for light arc extinguishing between first one and chamber partition
FR2373141A1 (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-06-30 Cem Comp Electro Mec HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL CUT-OFF DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR A SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER BY GAS
CH650359A5 (en) * 1980-01-25 1985-07-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas-blast circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0046824A2 (en) 1982-03-10
US4395607A (en) 1983-07-26
DE3068564D1 (en) 1984-08-16
EP0046824A3 (en) 1982-03-17
ATE8440T1 (en) 1984-07-15

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