DE10205985A1 - Print material control element has integral distance sensor arranged on rear side of control element, via which sample energy can pass into at least partial area of control element - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (10) has a front side (12) and a rear side (14) associated with at least one sensor (110) for detecting the distance of a print material (16) close to the control element; an air flow field can be produced across its front side. The sensor is arranged on the rear side of the control element, via which sample energy can pass into at least a partial area of the control element. An Independent claim is also included for a sheet printing machine with an inventive device.

Description

The invention relates to a substrate guide element with a front and a Rear, which at least one sensor for distance detection of a nearby is assigned to the printing material guide element and via the printing material Front of an air flow field can be generated.

There are many in printing machines, in particular sheetfed offset printing machines Printing material guide devices, with the help of a suitable air duct by means of blown air or suction air, an unwanted contact with the printing material Components of the printing machine can be avoided or a smooth inlet into one Pressure gap should be ensured. This will smear fresh paint, as well damage to the substrate surface or the substrate itself, in Generally, the generation of waste is prevented. At a Printing material guide element can be a sheet guide plate, a pressure gap blowing system Act feeder guide plate, a boom guide plate or the like. typical Use cases for sheetfed printing machines include sheet guiding before a first one Printing unit, pressure gap blowing systems, the sheet guide between a first and a second printing unit through sheet guide plates, sheet guidance in or after the turn, the sheet guide in the feeder or in the delivery or the like.

A substrate is transported in a modern printing press Speeds of several 10 km / h without freshly printed ink may lubricate. In order to protect the colored area, it is desirable to protect the To hold the substrate at its edges at most, but otherwise essentially to be transported without contact. Typical substrate guide elements on which the Printing material transported along are designed so that their front an air flow field can be generated. This air flow field is supposed to serve as an air cushion, so that contacts between the substrate and the substrate guide itself should be avoided. Due to changing operating parameters, material parameters  or the like does not always succeed with complete certainty. If the substrate for example, has a low stiffness, it tends to flutter when transported quickly and can come into contact with the substrate guide in this way. If the Printing material, on the other hand, has great rigidity, this can cause contact with the Printing material guide element at curved points of the transport path through the Print machine.

Because the behavior of the transported substrate is not only characteristic Properties, such as its stiffness, and the printed subject, but in particular also on the transport speed and in the case of an arcuate one Printing material also depends on its format, it is extremely expensive to set values for to determine the strength of the air flow field, for all conceivable Operating conditions ensure satisfactory protection against lubrication. In view of the large number of different substrates and the most varied Environmental influences, such as air humidity, temperature and the like, the path appears, the air flow field for the substrate guide using characteristic curves to control than not sufficiently accurate.

For this reason, proposals are made in the literature, sensor arrangements for Detect the distance between the substrate and the substrate guide and assign suitable control means which are able to determine the strength of the To control the air flow field at least locally based on the detected distance or to regulate that the distance between the substrate and the front detected by the sensor of the substrate guide element comes to lie in a target range.

DE 100 03 352 includes a printing material transport system for a printing press at least one printing surface and means for producing an air cushion between the guide surface and the printing material, which has a sensor arrangement for detecting the distance between the substrate and the guide surface and control means has, which are able to determine the strength of the air cushion based on the detected distance to be controlled in such a way that the distance detected in the sensor arrangement is in a desired range  comes to rest. A capacitive sensor is used as the sensor. A disadvantage with one Such arrangement on the guide surface is that due to the installation Air flow field is changed. A capacitive sensor usually also points a low signal to noise ratio and a small working area susceptible to disturbances such as moisture, therefore not very robust.

DE 43 28 445 A1 describes a device for conveying sheets onto a stack with funding, a drive device, guides and a control or Control device, which with control elements of the funding, with the drive device and is connected to a blown air or suction device, known in the Transport path of the sheet at least one sensor detecting the movement of the sheet has, which is connected to the sensor or control device. Through the Motion detection of the respective bow can flutter and touch with Sheet guiding means are detected. The sensor can coordinate and time dependent Location, speed and acceleration perpendicular to the direction of sheet travel for capture every sheet. The control device can also function as a fuzzy controller Be pronounced. A disadvantage of the arrangement disclosed in this document One of the grabs or in the conveying path of the arch is that the air flow field is on the front is disturbed by sheet guiding means.

Generally, one serves as a means of creating an air flow field Pressure source and connected to it, for example on the front of the Air outlet openings arranged in the substrate. The Substrate guide element can be in the form of sheets, plates and the like be carried out, the substrate guide element for pneumatic distance control of a printing material can have blowing and / or suction air openings. It is also conceivable that the air flow field is generated by separate air outlet nozzles. The Air cushions or supporting air cushions of the air flow field can also be between Ironing, pipes or the like exist, which in relation to the area of the Substrate narrow surfaces may be components of said substrate guide elements can.  

In addition to ultrasonic sensors, there is a whole class of optical sensors from the literature known for determining lengths. For example, in EP 103 016 0 A1 optical sensor for detecting the distance of an object to a reference point discloses which works according to the triangulation principle. It is a compact triangulation sensor, which according to a microstructuring process, the the so-called LIGA process - a German acronym for lithography electroforming Impression -, is produced. The sensor is characterized in that it is inside a light switch two decoupling fibers as a branch point for determining the Distance of an object from the intensity distribution of the reflected light in the Has coupling fibers. Such a sensor has and has an operating point typically a satisfactory detection characteristic for long or distant Measuring points.

The object of the present invention is to provide a sensor arrangement and a suitable one Sensor for the most trouble-free distance measurement of a printing substrate Provide substrate guide.

This task is performed by a substrate guide element with the features according to Claim 1 solved.

The substrate guide element according to the invention has a front side and a back side on, he has at least one sensor for distance detection of a near the Assigned printing material guide element located, and above it An air flow field can be generated on the front side. The invention Printing material guide element is characterized in that the sensor on the back of the Printing material guide element is arranged and that at least through a portion of the Substrate guide sample energy can pass through. An opening is preferred provided in the substrate guide through which sample energy passes. With The sample energy can be of particular advantage essentially without interaction Pass the substrate guide.  

In this context, sample energy is to be understood as the form of energy with which one the sensor works, specifically in the case of an ultrasonic sensor ultrasonic and in the case of an optical sensor, light of visible or invisible wavelength. It is clear that an arrangement of a sensor on the back of the substrate guide both a receptacle of the sensor on or in the printing material guide element and also a Arrangement behind the back of the substrate guide comprises.

It should be noted that an opening in a Substrate guide element implies that it consists of a certain material Substrate guide element has an at least two-connected topology having. It is irrelevant for the opening whether it is through another material is covered or closed in such a way that a spatial body with simple coherent topology arises. An important point to emphasize is that the opening for the sample energy is essentially transparent.

It is clear to the person skilled in the art that at least a partial area of the Substrate guide element or the entire substrate guide element from one material can exist, which for the corresponding sample energy essentially is transparent. This ensures in an equivalent manner that the sample energy reached the sensor located on the back of the substrate.

The printing material guide element according to the invention is particularly advantageous if possible the substrate position is determined without retroactive and side effects. It is about a miniaturized distance measuring system, which is particularly simple and with little Adjustment effort is integrated in or on a substrate guide. The compact Construction is space-saving.

In one embodiment of the invention, a sensor is used which has a Has ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. A privilege of use of ultrasonic waves for the detection of the substrate distance is that in the  used wavelengths only little scatter of the ultrasonic waves on dust particles, for example powder dust that occurs in the printing press. An ultrasonic sensor with electrical transmitter and receiver can be the distance of the substrate to Substrate guide in a wide range, typically from 0.5 to 5 mm, above the substrate guide element, with a typical accuracy of 0.1 mm, above determine an interference measurement between a first echo and a second echo. With lower accuracy requirements, a pure runtime measurement is also conceivable. The direction of propagation of the ultrasound can be changed by means of sound mirrors, so that the sample energy of ultrasound is advantageous even for otherwise difficult to access Places can be directed or guided.

In another advantageous embodiment of the invention Substrate guide element, the sensor is an optical triangulation sensor. It can Deflection elements can be provided for the sample energy of the light, so that it is more compact Construction of the sensor added to the back of the substrate guide can be. In the case of an optical sensor, it is advantageous to open the Substrate guide, through which sample energy, i.e. light in this case, can pass through, with a window that is at least partially transparent to the emitted light is to be provided. Among other things, it is achieved that none Influencing the flow field over the front of the substrate guide through an opening, for example by swirling. The window area forms at the same time a termination of the often sensitive optics of the sensor Pollution. In general, it is advantageous to encapsulate the optical sensor make so that it also protects against dirt from the back of the Substrate guide element is protected.

Compact optical sensors in one can be particularly advantageous Microstructuring process, preferably in the so-called LIGA process (lithography Electroforming impression). A microstructuring process like for example the LIGA process, allows a particularly cheap and miniaturized Manufacture of a sensor working according to the triangulation principle. By contribution  of light deflection elements, for example mirrors or total reflection prisms, in the The beam path of the sample energy can be modified in such a way that the basic distance or operating point of the triangulation method covers a measuring range of the Sensor, which is essentially already on the surface of the front of the Substrate guide element begins and at a maximum end of the measuring range ends above the front of the substrate guide, with part of the Light path essentially parallel to the back of the substrate guide can run. The sensor will be installed in a flat and therefore particularly favorable position reached.

In other words, the sensor arranged on the back of the printing material guide element causes little or no influence on the flow conditions in the Air flow field or over the front of the substrate guide. The interpretation the sensor also allows easy integration or assembly into or on the substrate guide. In addition, there is only a slight adjustment or Calibration effort required. Use of the invention Substrate guide element is in all substrate-guiding and aligning components possible in a printing press, particularly in the case of a sheetfed offset printing press in the sheet guide plates of the boom, the sheet guiding elements between the Printing units and the turning device and in the sheet-guiding and aligning Elements of the investor.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the sensor is designed such that it has at least two operating points. By setting a working point in the In the immediate vicinity of the front of the substrate guide element, a signal can be used as a measure for soiling, which is caused, for example, by exposure to paper dust, paint, Lacquer, powder or the like occurs. In other words: the sensor determines whether there is any contamination, so that it can be assessed whether the Signals that it passes on are reliable. This is particularly simple and important Function with miniaturized sensors, which are used in large numbers.  

In an advantageous development of the invention is the invention Printing material guide element assigned a processing unit in which the signal of Sensor can be treated such that a change in at least part of the Air flow field is made. The processing unit can use the signal of the sensor according to rules of the fuzzy logic, for which corresponding fuzzy quantities and Fuzzy rules are given in the manner known to the person skilled in the art, treat and Control signals for at least one control unit for an outlet nozzle Generate modification of at least a part of the air flow field. That `s how it is possible that at least one signal from the sensor according to the rules of a self-learning neural network, the structure of which is known to the person skilled in the art, and Control signals for at least one control unit for an outlet nozzle Modification of at least a part of the air flow field generated. Sheet parameters, machine parameters or the like advantageously flow into it Calculation by the neural network of the necessary modification of the Air flow field.

A sheet-fed printing machine according to the invention, which has at least one feeder Includes printing unit and a delivery arm, characterized in that the Sheet printing machine has at least one substrate guide element according to the invention.

Further advantages and advantageous further developments are based on the following Figures and their descriptions are shown. The individual shows:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the substrate guide element according to the invention with a distance sensor and a substrate located near the front.

Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention Bedruckstoffleitelements with an ultrasonic sensor and a proximity is in said front substrate.;

Figure 3a is a schematic side view of a Ausfihihrungsform Bedruckstoffleitelements the invention with encapsulated optical sensor, a window and a is in said vicinity of the front substrate.;

Figure 3b is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of the invention with an encapsulated Bedruckstoffleitelements optical sensor, so the front of the Bedruckstoffleitelementes with window.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an optical triangulation sensor with two operating points;

Fig achieve. 5 is a schematic representation of an advantageous development of the optical triangulation sensor with two operating points, at which the window is illuminated by a planar auxiliary light to an improved light scattering detection of the final window surface and

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the topology of a control or regulation of the strength of the air flow field with a processed signal of the distance sensor, which is arranged on the back of the substrate guide element according to the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the Bedruckstoffleitelements invention with a distance sensor and a printing material in the vicinity of the front side. A printing material guide element 10 has a front side 12 and a rear side 14 . A printing material 16 is moved past in the vicinity of the printing material guide element 10 , as is shown here in a snapshot as a schematic illustration. An air flow field 18 prevails over the front side 12 of the printing material guide element 10 , for example parallel to the direction of movement of the printing material 16 . A sensor 110 is attached to the rear side 14 of the printing material guide element 10 . For the invention, however, only the arrangement of the sensor 110 behind the back of the printing material guide element 10 is decisive, but not an actual contact of both or an integration of the sensor 110 into the printing material guide element 10 . An opening 112 is provided in the printing material guide element 10 , so that the sample energy 118 emitted or detected by a transmitter 114 and by a receiver 116 of the sensor 110 can pass through the printing material guide element 10 essentially without interaction. In the case of an ultrasonic sensor, the sample energy 118 is ultrasonic waves, while in the case of an optical sensor, the sample energy 118 is light from the visible or invisible spectral range. In this schematic illustration shown as an example, a deflection element 120 is provided for changing the direction of propagation of the sample energy 118 . Ultrasonic waves are reflected, for example, on metal surfaces; for light, for example, it can be a reflecting surface, for example a metal, an interference mirror or a boundary layer from an optically denser to an optically thinner medium. The emitted sample energy 118 strikes the printing substrate 16 at a distance d at a reflection point 122 . At least a portion of the reflected sample energy 124 reaches the rear side 14 of the substrate guide element 10 through the opening 112 and is projected by the deflection element 120 onto the receiver 116 .

For the skilled person it is clear that the sensor vertically even without the use of a deflecting element 120 in a layer to the surface of the back 14 of the Bedruckstoffleitelements may be incorporated 10th Of course, it must be taken into account that there is a suitable basic distance or working point along with the measuring range for the sensor 110 . By means of a deflecting element 120 of the sensor can be particularly simply zurückzulegende through the sample energy 118 path length to the reflection point 122 through the recording are set at a suitable distance from the aperture 112 110, if the sensor has a certain fundamental spacing or operating with a measuring range, which is further away than there is a typical distance d between a printing material 16 .

FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the substrate guide element according to the invention with an ultrasonic sensor and a substrate located near the front. The printing material guide element 10 has an opening 112 through which the sample energy 118 , here ultrasonic waves, can pass. In this exemplary embodiment, the sensor 110 has an integrated transmitter and receiver 20 . The latter emits a sample energy carpet 22 , which is reflected on a deflection element 120 and at least partially passes through the opening 112 . In some cases, sample energy is reflected back into the sensor 110 by a part of the substrate guide element 10 , which functions as a beam splitter 24 . The amount of the distance d can be determined from the comparison and processing of the printing material 16 located at a distance d from the beam splitter 24 and from the reflection area 26 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, the Bedruckstoffleitelements 10 of the invention in FIG. 2, the Bedruckstoffleitelement 10 is designed such that the deflecting element 120 is integrated together with a receiving part 23 for the sensor 110 at Bedruckstoffleitelement 10 so that an encapsulation of the sensor 110 at least from the back of the substrate guide element 10 is reached. The size of the opening 112 is advantageously kept small in order to keep influences on the air flow field above the front side of the printing material guide element 10 as small as possible.

FIG. 3a shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of the invention with an encapsulated Bedruckstoffleitelementes optical sensor, a window and a printing material in the vicinity of the front side. FIG. 3a shows a Bedruckstoffleitelement 10, at its back side 14 a sensor 110 is disposed. In this embodiment, it is an optical sensor which emits light parallel to the rear side 14 of the printing material guide element 10 and detects incident light in a substantially opposite direction of propagation. The emitted light 30 is deflected at a mirror 32 in a substantially perpendicular direction to the substrate guide element 10 . This can be both a mirror with a curved surface and a flat surface, preferably a flat 45-degree mirror is provided. The light after reflection 34 passes through a window 36 through the substrate guide element 10 and strikes the substrate 16 at the reflection point 38 , the distance d from the front side 12 of the substrate guide element 10 being determined. In the case of an optical detector with two working points, it is typically provided that the second working point 35 comes to lie directly on the exit surface, that is to say the closing window surface on the front side 12 of the printing material guide element 10 . An encapsulation 310 or an encapsulated carrier is advantageously provided. A fixation 311 can be made with a suitable material, for example a material that comprises an elastomer. A corresponding receiving element 312 is provided on the printing material guide element 10 for the window 36 .

FIG. 3b shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the substrate guide element according to the invention with an encapsulated optical sensor, that is to say the front of the substrate guide element with a window. A sensor 110 is mounted inside an encapsulation 310 below the printing material guide element 10 . The sensor 110 emits light 312 which is deflected at the first mirror point 314 of the mirror 32 , that is to say here in a direction perpendicular to the image plane. The light reflected on the substrate, not shown here, is directed to the sensor 110 at the second mirror point 316 parallel to the substrate guide element 10 . The front side 12 of the printing material guide element 10 has a window surface 36 .

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of an optical triangulation sensor with two operating points. The sensor 110 shown is a sensor such as can be produced, for example, by means of the LIGA method. A coupling fiber 42 is received on a substrate 40 , through which light for a test beam is transmitted along the light path 43 through the imaging optics. The imaging optics include a 45-degree mirror 44 , a first concave mirror 46 and a cylindrical lens 48 on a monolith 45 . The sensor 110 is closed with an end window 410 , which is connected to the substrate by receiving elements 412 . The detection light reaches the sensor 110 along the light path 49 , which does not necessarily run parallel to the light path 43 . It passes through the cylindrical lenses 48 , a second concave mirror 414 on the monolith 45 and a 45 degree mirror 416 , in order to finally reach a light switch 418 . A first coupling fiber 420 , a second coupling fiber 422 and a third coupling fiber 424 are arranged in the light switch 418 . A measure of the distance of a reflection surface from the sensor 110 is, for example, the difference in the measured light intensities in the individual coupling fibers. A light switch 418 , which has at least three coupling fibers 420 , 422 and 424 , makes it possible to recognize double images. In other words, two operating points can be defined for the sensor 110 , one of which can be on the closing side of the end window 410 , for example. In the exemplary embodiment of the sensor 110 shown , the first coupling fiber 420 is slightly spaced from the second coupling fiber 422 , while this lies close to the third coupling fiber 424 . A measure of the reflection from a first distant working point can then be the difference between the intensity of the first coupling fiber 420 and the sum of the intensities of the second coupling fiber 422 and the third coupling fiber 424 .

In other words: If the main signal of the first operating point is far away from the interface, that is to say the final surface of the end window 410 , then in the third coupling-out fiber 424 the light switch can essentially no light arrive, unless the end surface of the end window 410 is dirty.

In FIG. 5 is shown a schematic representation of an advantageous development of the optical triangulation sensor with two operating points at which the inner side of the boundary surface of the end window is illuminated by a planar illuminator, to achieve an improved light scattering detection of the final window area. The first operating point is used to detect the printing material, while the second operating point essentially falls on the window surface 50 . Soiling 52 is shown schematically on the window surface 50 . The detection beam 54 of the triangulation sensor 56 propagates essentially parallel along the optical axis 58 and passes through the window surface 50 . A planar light source 510 is provided, which illuminates a light area 512 . The illumination of the window surface 50 occurs essentially in grazing incidence, so that the flat auxiliary light 512 on the inside of the boundary layer is at least partially totally reflected from the optically denser to the optically thinner medium of the window surface 50 . The auxiliary light of the planar light source 510 can be activated, for example, in a time window if no printing material is in the vicinity of the printing material guide element during the machine run, so that only detection of reflected light takes place in the vicinity of the first operating point. The scattered light lobe 53 of the diffuse reflection at the contaminants 52 indicates that, in particular, scattering takes place in the direction parallel to the optical axis 58 , ie towards the detector 56 . At the same time, it is possible to detect part of the light emitted by the planar light source 510 by means of a light-sensitive element 514 , which is located behind a diaphragm 516 for shielding direct illumination.

By using a flat auxiliary light, the contamination detection on the window surface 50 can be achieved satisfactorily. The entire interface can be scanned or measured. The planar auxiliary light of the planar light source 510 is advantageously coordinated in such a way that it has only a minor influence on the signal of the first operating point, that is to say the detection of the distance d of a printing substrate 16 . The additional elements of FIG. 5 are preferably accommodated on the same substrate of the miniaturized sensor as is described in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the topology of a control or regulation of the strength of the air flow field with a processed signal from the distance sensor, which is arranged on the back of the substrate guide element according to the invention. Fig. 6 shows an inventive Bedruckstoffleitelement having a front 12 and a back side 14 on which a sensor 110 is disposed. An air flow field 18 is generated above the front side 12 of the printing material guide element 10 . A printing material 16 is located in the vicinity above the front side 12 of the printing material guide element 10 , the distance d of which can be determined by the sensor 110 . The topology of a control or regulation based on the signal from the detector 110 as a measure of the distance d of the printing material 16 from the printing material guide element 10 is to be described with reference to FIG. 6. The sensor 110 has a connection for data exchange 126 to a processing unit 128 . In a special development, fuzzy sets and fuzzy rules for fuzzy logic are stored. It is optionally shown here that this processing unit 128 can also be linked to a human-machine interface 130 via a connection to the data transfer 132 . For example, machine parameters, printing material parameters or the like can be made available to the processing unit 128 via this human-machine interface 130 . In addition, information about the measured values of the sensor 110 and thus the air flow field 18 over the front side 12 of the printing material guide element 10 can be communicated to a machine operator by means of a corresponding display or visualization. For example, the machine operator can then react accordingly and at least partially vary or modify the air flow field 18 . To communicate or display the information for the machine operator, a direct display for a specific sensor 110 can take place or a coarsening can be carried out by a summary, for example by averaging the measured values of adjacent sensors, of the information as an indirect display for a plurality of sensors. It is irrelevant whether the display of the human-machine interface 130 is recorded on the printing material guide element 10 or whether the human-machine interface has a screen on which the air flow field 18 or the distance d of the printing material 16 depends on the position the substrate guide element 10 is shown suitably. Areas in which the printing material 16 comes too close to the printing material guide element can thus be visualized in a convenient and simple manner.

It is also expedient if, in an advantageous development, data and / or control signals are generated as a function of the signal from sensor 110 in processing unit 128 and can be forwarded to a flow generation unit 136 via a connection for exchanging data and / or control signals. The flow generation unit 136 has at least one outlet nozzle 138 through which a change or modification of the at least part of the air flow field 18 can be carried out.

In this context, it should be pointed out that, although not shown in the drawing in FIG. 6, a printing material guide element according to the invention can also have outlet nozzles on or in its front side, which can at least partially be provided with a control or regulation as explained above.

In an advantageous development of the substrate guide element according to the invention, the processing unit 128 can comprise a neural network, in particular a self-learning neural network, also additional in connection with a fuzzy logic, characterized by fuzzy rules and fuzzy sets. An essential feature of such a regulation is that it is based on experience with successful air settings, which are stored in a neural network. For a new situation, which depends on printing material parameters, machine parameters or the like, such as grammage, rigidity, format, speed and so on, the neural network becomes a suitable new setting value for a specific area of the air flow field, i.e. air pressure, nozzle direction, nozzle distance and the like can be calculated.

For the expert in the context of the invention Substrate guide clear that a plurality of sensors, be it in one line-shaped as well as in a flat distribution on the back of a Printing material guide element can be arranged so that a measurement of the distance of the substrate to the substrate guide at different points, i.e. in one Area of the air flow field. It is irrelevant whether Deflection elements are used in the beam path of the sample energy or not.  

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Bedruckstoffleitelement

12

front

14

back

16

substrate

18

flow field

110

sensor

112

opening

114

Channel

116

receiver

118

samples energy

120

deflecting

122

reflection point

124

Reflected sample energy

126

Connection for data exchange

128

processing unit

130

Human-machine interface

132

Connection to data transfer

134

Connection for the exchange of data and / or control signal

136

Flow generating unit

138

exhaust nozzle

20

Integrated transmitter and receiver

22

Samples energy carpet

23

receiving part

24

beamsplitter

26

reflection area

30

emitted light

32

mirror

34

Light after reflection

35

Second working point

36

window

38

reflection point

310

encapsulation

311

fixation

312

receiving element

313

Emitted light

314

First mirror point

316

Second mirror point

318

Light after reflection

40

substratum

42

input coupling fiber

43

Lichtwegprobenenergie

44

45 degree mirror

45

monolith

46

First concave mirror

48

cylindrical lens

49

detection light

410

end window

412

receiving element

414

Second concave mirror

416

45 degree mirror

418

light Soft

420

First decoupling fiber

422

Second decoupling fiber

424

Third decoupling fiber

50

window area

52

contamination

54

detection beam

56

triangulation

58

Optical axis

510

Flat light source

512

light range

513

Flare leg

514

Photosensitive element

516

cover

Claims (15)

1. printing material guide element ( 10 ) with a front side ( 12 ) and a back side ( 14 ), to which at least one sensor ( 110 ) for distance detection of a printing material ( 16 ) located in the vicinity of the printing material guide element ( 10 ) is assigned and via the front side ( 12 ) an air flow field ( 18 ) can be generated, characterized in that the sensor ( 110 ) is arranged on the rear side ( 14 ) of the substrate guide element ( 10 ), through which sample energy ( 118 ) can pass at least in a partial area of the substrate guide element ( 10 ) , 2. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample energy ( 118 ) passes through the substrate guide element ( 10 ) substantially without interaction. 3. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one opening ( 112 ) is provided in the substrate guide element ( 10 ) through which sample energy ( 118 ) can pass. 4. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor ( 110 ) has an ultrasonic transmitter ( 114 ) and an ultrasonic receiver ( 116 ). 5. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor ( 110 ) comprises an optical triangulation sensor. 6. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one deflection element ( 120 ) for the sample energy ( 118 ) is provided. 7. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that at least one opening ( 112 ) of the substrate guide element ( 10 ) on the front ( 12 ) is provided with a window ( 36 ). 8. printing material guide element ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3 or 5 to 7, characterized in that the sensor ( 110 ) is a compact sensor which has been produced in a microstructuring process. 9. printing material guide element ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor has at least two operating points ( 35 , 38 ). 10. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a change of at least part of the air flow field ( 18 ) is carried out in function of the signal of the sensor ( 110 ) treated by a processing unit ( 128 ). 11. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the processing unit ( 128 ) treats at least one signal of the sensor ( 110 ) according to rules of fuzzy logic and generates control signals for at least one control unit ( 136 ). 12. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the processing unit ( 128 ) treats at least one signal of the sensor ( 110 ) according to rules of a self-learning neural network and generates control signals for at least one control unit ( 136 ). 13. Printing material guide element ( 10 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that sheet parameters or machine parameters are included in the calculation by the neural network. 14. substrate guide element ( 10 ) according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the processing unit ( 128 ) is assigned at least one human-machine interface ( 130 ). 15. Sheet-fed printing machine with at least one feeder, a printing unit and a delivery, characterized in that the sheet-fed printing machine has at least one printing material guide element ( 10 ) according to one of Claims 1 to 13.