DE102023001744A1 - Device and method for conveying and crushing processed goods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention, which relates to a device (1) and a method for conveying and comminuting processed goods, is based on the object of providing a solution whereby targeted, gentle and high-quality comminution of a processed product, in particular a processed product of animal or plant origin, is also possible in a frozen state and the reliability of the device (1) is increased and the service life of the device (1) and its effectiveness are improved. This object is achieved in terms of the arrangement in that a device (1) has a housing (2), non-locking screw conveyors (11) rotating in pairs at a speed n1, blocking screw conveyors (13) rotating in pairs at a speed n2, at least one rotating at a speed n3, non-blocking pre-shredding screw (20), a pressure sensor (23) arranged in a pre-shredding area (7) for determining a working pressure of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area (7) and a cutting area (8) with a cutting unit (24) for comminuting the material to be processed.

Description

The invention relates to a device for conveying and shredding processed goods. The invention also relates to a method for conveying and shredding processed goods in a device for conveying and shredding processed goods.

The invention relates to a device for conveying and shredding processed goods of animal or plant origin in a device with several screw conveyors for transporting the processed goods towards a cutting unit by means of which the processed goods are shredded, as well as a method for shredding a processed material in such a device.

Foods of plant or animal origin such as meat, cheese, fat, fish, skin, bones and other components of food are referred to below as processed goods.

To shred the processed material, particularly in the meat industry, so-called grinding machines are generally used as a device for shredding the processed material. A so-called thrust force generation for transporting the material to be processed in such a device occurs through the interaction of a screw, the material to be processed (as a force transmitter) and a screw housing provided with support elements. The achievable thrust pressure is achieved through the material strength with the different states during power transmission.

Such devices for comminuting a material to be processed have at least one screw conveyor within a conveyor housing, with a raw material receiving opening for feeding the material to be processed to be supplied at a first end of the screw conveyor and a cutting unit with cutting tools, for example perforated disks and rotating knives, being arranged at the second end.

The at least one screw conveyor used generally works in such a way that a pressure is built up between the screw conveyor rotating within the conveyor housing and the conveyor housing through a mass feed, whereby the food to be chopped is conveyed in a conveying direction along a screw conveyor axis. Such screw conveyors have an efficiency of 30% to 50%, which means that 50% to 70% of the processed material being conveyed is disadvantageously destroyed in the edge areas of the screw conveyor and with a loss of strength due to the crushing resistance of the tools and the resulting dynamic pressure, especially in front of the cutting unit next to the screw conveyor flows back against the conveying direction. The structural change in the material strength of the material being conveyed during power transmission results in thrust and pressure losses.

The prior art assumes that a so-called thrust pressure is generated in an area in front of the cutting unit by the at least one screw conveyor used and thus represents the causal prerequisite for an achievable throughput of the device for shredding a material to be processed or of the grinding machine.

It is assumed that the penetration of the processed material into the openings of a perforated disk of the cutting unit as so-called meat pins is only dependent on pressure and is directly related to the arrangement of the openings on the perforated disk of the cutting unit.

Therefore, according to the prior art, pressure-increasing single-start screw conveyors with screw conveyor chamber volumes that decrease in the direction of the cutting unit are preferred.

In many grinding machines according to the prior art, the rotational movement of the screw conveyor is transmitted to the rotating knives or the cutting tools with a connected knife pin, whereby these are driven. This is, for example, in the in DE 10 2011 008 389 A1 The device described is realized in this way. The food to be chopped is pushed by the rotating screws along support and holding elements within the conveyor housing in the direction of the cutting tools. By means of the last screw flight of the open screw conveyor, the material to be processed is then pressed into the openings of a perforated disk by the effective open flight pitch relative to the tool system and fixed there. The necessary thrust results from the pressure that arises between the screw conveyor and the conveyor housing due to the material being processed, which here acts in the same way as a chain, a V-belt or a gear is being built. A layer of the processed material formed on the edge of the screw conveyor and on the support elements of the housing primarily acts as a force-transmitting element. A thrust force formed in this way is then responsible for the material to be processed being at least partially pressed into the openings of the perforated disk. The rotating knife, driven by the rotating screw conveyor, cuts the processed material pressed into the openings of the perforated disk, which results in a denomination. Several rotating knives and perforated disks are often arranged one after the other in order to achieve a gradual shredding of the processed material with decreasing material strength and increasing performance with smaller openings.

In addition to pure devices for comminuting a material to be processed, the prior art also discloses devices which are additionally used as filling devices. Using such filling devices, ready-to-use mixtures of processed goods with a grain size of, for example, 8 - 13 mm can be comminuted and filled into casings, for example as finished sausage meat. As a rule, filling devices are not used to process large pieces of meat.

For some applications, screw conveyors are also used, in which the screw conveyor is formed in sections from so-called locking screws and in sections from non-blocking screw conveyors. The different sections can be made from two different materials or from one material. The screw body is basically a rigidly connected unit in which the turns of the screw conveyor are designed differently in sections. Typically, the screw conveyors in the area that is designed to feed the material to be processed are designed as non-blocking screw conveyors and then change into a design as locking screws in the conveying direction of the material to be processed. The locking screws act in the manner of a displacement system with almost 100% efficiency, without losing processed material transported in the conveying direction in the edge areas between the screw conveyor and the conveyor housing due to a backflow against the conveying direction. In addition, such locking screws have the advantage that the energy required to operate such a device for comminuting a material to be processed can be reduced by 70% to 80%.

A disadvantage of such locking screws is that processing of deep-frozen processed goods is not possible due to the high conveying rate and the gentle transport. When using locking screws for deep-frozen processed goods, due to the existing cold, especially at very cold temperatures in a range of less than -10 ° C, the processed goods solidify in the area in front of the cutting unit, which causes it to be pressed into the openings and so on Shredding is disadvantageously prevented or even completely blocked. By means of such devices, in which locking screws are used for transport to the cutting unit, it is disadvantageous that neither deep-frozen, granulated, small-piece processed goods and certainly not larger, frozen blocks of food can be processed.

The reason for this is that the gentle conveying of the material to be processed does not place any mechanical stress on the material to be processed, which means that there is no loosening in the structure of the material to be processed and for this reason the material to be processed retains its temperature-related, multiply increased strength. This makes it almost impossible to generate cones by deforming the material to be processed in the openings of a perforated disk in the cutting unit. The stress-free conveying therefore means that the processed material retains its state of strength and cannot be processed accordingly even with upstream granulation, i.e. pre-shredding. The thrust energy, which in the case of soft processing material ensures that the processing material is pressed into the openings of the perforated disk, leads to frozen processing material causing the processing material to be compacted in the area immediately in front of the cutting unit and the formation of pegs in the openings of the perforated disk is not possible is.

Since temperatures of the processed goods in the range of -18 ° C are common, particularly when processing meat products, these can be used in such devices, especially in conjunction with perforated discs, which have openings in the fine disc range of 2.0 mm to 8.0 mm in diameter. not be processed.

Meat is understood to be a grown, high-strength, organic multi-substance system of living beings made up of muscle cells, fat and collagen tissue, organized according to their life functions, which is processed or processed for human consumption. It is a muscle protein structured in a watery matrix and contains a variety of collagen shells and intermediate layers for the muscle group pens, which radiate into force-transmitting tendons and have embedded and superimposed fatty tissue. The water content, around 75% of lean meat, is more or less firmly attached to protein molecules within the muscle fibers and is not freely movable. In the cut-up state, i.e. removed from the bone, as a processed product at temperatures of -1.5 °C to +7 °C, meat is a highly mechanically resilient material with elastic properties, but with little external shape retention. As a material under pressure, it has high deformation and strength properties due to its functional arrangement of properties in the flesh part to prevent internal structural damage. These special features must be taken into account when processing.

To improve the processing of food, DE 10 2017 003 406 B4 A device has been proposed which automatically adjusts the pressure on the food immediately before shredding. This is achieved by means of cutting openings which are arranged in a radial direction from the screw conveyor. However, this device has the major disadvantage that it is very maintenance-intensive. For example, a quick change to different hole sizes, such as in the DE 20 2006 001 840 U1 proposed will not be carried out.

Another disadvantage of the known prior art is that due to a one-sided supply of the material to be processed into the non-blocking screw conveyors in the receiving area, high deformation forces arise on the screws when raw materials are drawn in from the hopper into the non-blocking screw conveyors. As a result, the one-sided, non-locking screw conveyors bend or are pushed or bent away from the center of the running or away from their respective longitudinal axis.

This displacement or tilting of the non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area from their running center not only affects the non-locking screw conveyors themselves. It leads to frictional wear between the screws and the housing of the device and, as a result, to increased backflow of the material to be conveyed with a simultaneous loss of pressure. Another consequence of the tilting is the bending of the knife drive pin built into the worm shaft, which is firmly connected to a worm and thereby presses the knives on one side against the perforated disks. This results in up to 40% increased energy consumption in the device due to the knives tilting into the vertical disk.

The displacement of the non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area from their running center also leads to a displacement of the locking screw conveyors and the non-locking pre-shredding screws with a corresponding wear effect, since all screws are arranged along two axes in the device. Furthermore, such displacement from the center of the barrel away from the longitudinal axis leads to tilting and bending of a rotating knife arranged on one of the axes in the cutting unit, as a result of which increased wear occurs on the rotating knife and the associated perforated disk. In extreme cases, the rotating knife can be destroyed. As a result of increased wear, the operating time of known shredding devices is shortened, the quality of the shredded processed material deteriorates and the effort for repair and repair costs increase. Particularly if there is a large distance between the bearing points of the screws in the receiving area on the one hand and in the cutting area of the device on the other hand, tilting and bending as well as wear in the cutting unit increase.

Thus, there is a need for an improved solution for an apparatus and method for conveying and comminuting processed goods.

The invention is based on the object of overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, of providing a device and a method for conveying and comminuting processed goods, with targeted, gentle and high-quality comminution of a processed product, in particular an animal processed product or plant origin, is also possible in a frozen state and the reliability of the device is increased and the service life of the device and its effectiveness are improved. Furthermore, the energy requirement of the device should be reduced.

The task is solved by a device for conveying and shredding processed goods with the features according to claim 1 of the independent patent claims. Further developments are specified in the dependent patent claims.

It is envisaged that the device has a housing which includes a receiving area with a receiving opening, a transition area, a transport area, a pre-shredding area, a cutting area and an output area with an output opening.

It is also provided that a product to be processed, such as meat, is fed to the device via the receiving opening of the partially open receiving area.

The processed material to be shredded reaches the receiving area and is picked up by non-locking screw conveyors arranged in the receiving area and rotating in pairs at a speed n ₁ or is drawn into the winding passages of the non-locking screw conveyors and transported in a conveying direction within the device. The material to be processed is conveyed by the non-blocking screw conveyors from the receiving area to a transition area. Within this transition area, which represents a transition in the housing between the partially open receiving area and the closed transport area, the non-blocking screw conveyors can have a design of their winding passages or their likewise winding boundaries, which depend on the design of the winding passages or winding boundaries of the non-blocking screw conveyors partially open recording area.

This different design of the winding corridors or the winding boundaries of the non-blocking screw conveyors results from the different tasks in the areas. While the non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area have to pick up or pull in the processed material to be shredded, in the transition area the processed material to be shredded, which has already been picked up into the spaces between the gears of the non-locking screw conveyors, is conveyed or further conveyed in the conveying direction. Therefore, the outside diameter of the non-blocking screw conveyors, which is determined by the gears or limitations, can decrease in the transition area. Alternatively or additionally, the type or design of the corridors or the boundaries in the transition area can change. Another function of the gears and boundaries of the non-blocking screw conveyors is to partially shred the material to be processed when it is picked up or drawn into the receiving area.

From the transition area, the material to be processed continues in the conveying direction to the transport area. In this transport area, the material to be processed is picked up by locking screw conveyors rotating in pairs at a speed of n ₂ and conveyed or transported further in the conveying direction.

Both the non-blocking screw conveyors and the blocking screw conveyors are each designed as double screws made up of two separate, counter-rotating screws.

In general, a screw conveyor in the sense of the present invention is a shaft rotating within a housing, around which helically wound gears, which are formed between helically wound boundaries made of metal or plastic, for example, are wound. The boundaries and the shaft can either be made in one piece or the boundaries are arranged around the shaft and fixed to it.

For the purposes of the invention, a blocking screw conveyor is understood to mean a screw conveyor which is designed in such a way that conveyance, i.e. transport of the material to be processed in a conveying direction, takes place by displacing the interlocking, sealing and rotating screw flights, with a backflow of the material to be processed in the opposite direction Conveying direction, especially in the edge areas of the screw conveyor beyond the boundaries, is almost completely avoided. For the purposes of the invention, a blocking screw conveyor also includes screw conveyors with a backflow rate against the conveying direction of up to 2% of the material to be processed. Such blocking screw conveyors are described below with the property of no backflow or almost no backflow. A blocking screw conveyor transports the material to be processed in the conveying direction within the winding passages, whereby the material to be processed is not crushed. Such blocking screw conveyors have a geometric body that seals on all sides and is designed with sealingly interlocking elements.

By means of a locking screw conveyor, the processed goods to be transported, here these are usually foodstuffs, especially foodstuffs of animal or plant origin, without exerting any pressure on the foodstuffs, are moved within the winding aisles by the displacing effect into smooth, identically shaped conveyor screws with very small running tolerances Sealingly adapted housings of the interlocking screw flights are moved and thus transported.

With a blocking screw conveyor, the material to be processed is not transported further because pressure is exerted on the material to be processed between the blocking screw conveyor and the housing surrounding the blocking screw conveyor, but rather all outer surfaces of the boundaries of the blocking screw conveyor are sealed, including towards the housing. Such a blocking screw conveyor is designed to slide within a housing designed to correspond to the external shape of the blocking screw conveyor. There is no gap between the housing and the outer surfaces of the helically wound boundaries of the blocking screw conveyor. As a rule, the helically wound passages between the boundaries of a blocking screw conveyor are of the same width with flat sealing functions of the entire screw geometry, in contrast to non-blocking screw conveyors. With a blocking screw conveyor, a sealing effect occurs through all surfaces of the screw geometry and through the outer surfaces of the boundaries that slide along the housing. The ratio of the width of the boundaries to the width of the winding aisles is 1 to 1. In order to adapt the material to the lumpiness of the processed goods, the dimensions for the width of the boundaries and the width of the winding aisles can be chosen to be different sizes, whereby the ratio of the dimensions the width of the boundaries to the width of the winding corridors (1 to 1) remains constant. For example, in a comparison between a very small piece and a very large piece, the dimension can be larger by a factor of 5.

It is intended that the blocking screw conveyors in this invention are designed as double screws. The winding passages of a first screw conveyor and the winding boundaries of the second screw conveyor engage in a sealing manner, creating a shaft seal including the wall shapes for the conveying space in question. Due to the sealing effect between the winding passages and the winding boundaries in an overlapping area of the blocking screw conveyors, the processed material can be transported very gently and continuously in the non-overlapping areas of the blocking screw conveyors without the influence of pressure. The ratio of the width of the winding boundaries to the width of the winding passages is designed to be sealing at a ratio of 1:1 for pairs of locking screw conveyors.

A non-blocking screw conveyor is used to transport the processed goods, i.e. the raw materials. The material to be transported is subjected to a pressure which is built up between the housing surrounding the non-blocking screw conveyor and the screw conveyor or the outer surfaces of the boundaries of the screw conveyor itself with the material to be processed. The material to be processed or shredded acts analogously to a mechanical component in the form of a clutch, which transfers the power to generate the shredding energy through holding and shearing force with the rotation of the non-locking screw conveyor to a linear forward movement in a receiving area or a pre-shredding area of the conveying device and for shredding processed goods.

The thrust as processing energy in the cutting area is created by the mass of material to be processed supplied from the locking screw with the effect of the resistance of the cutting unit used for comminution. The structural supporting force of the raw material generates the thrust for crushing this extracted raw material for shredding in the cutting unit. This dual function of the raw material, that the processed goods take on its own processing through power transmission as the main function, is a special feature of such a device for conveying and crushing processed goods. The pressure level that can be achieved is limited by the strength properties of the material being processed during power transmission.

In single-shaft extruders and meat grinders from the prior art, the geometry of the helical line or the shaft geometry of the screws is usually designed in such a way that the cross section narrows towards the exit, i.e. towards the ejection. This creates high pressures in order to force plastic or tough materials through molds or into casting molds. Non-locking screw conveyors can exert high forces on the material being processed and, depending on the nature of the material, generate a lot of pressure. The mechanical power transmission leads to wall-supported ones Conveyor systems usually lead to significant heating and partial destruction of the processed material. Heatings of 10 K to 16 K are possible here, which results from the fact that there is a significant backflow in the edge area of the screw conveyor via the outer surfaces of the winding flights and the supporting geometry of the housing. A return flow channel is formed between the housing and the screw conveyor in the opposite direction to the actual conveying direction, in that the material to be processed avoids the thrust pressure of the screw conveyor, which acts against a cutting unit. The resulting friction generates heat and causes the material to be processed to become softer, sometimes even pasty. The increasing flowable properties of the processed material are a basic prerequisite for penetration into the openings of the perforated disks in the cutting unit. Frozen foods therefore require the heating induced by the non-blocking screw conveyors within the pressure chamber in order to be chopped and processed using a cutting unit.

According to the invention, it is provided that at least one non-blocking pre-shredding screw is arranged in a pre-shredding area following the transport area, viewed in the conveying direction. Alternatively, pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs can be arranged in this pre-shredding area. It is further provided that the one non-locking pre-shredding screw or the non-locking pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs rotate at a speed n ₃ .

The essence of this invention is therefore that the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area can be set independently of the speed n ₂ of the locking screw conveyors in the transport area and independently of the speed n ₃ of at least one non-locking pre-shredding screw arranged in the pre-shredding area. This means that a suitable, sufficient intake of the processed goods, for example food, can be ensured in the receiving area. It is therefore possible to convey a desired amount of the processed material in the transport direction. In particular, it is advantageous to set a higher speed n ₁ of the non-blocking screw conveyor in the receiving area compared to the speed n ₂ of the blocking screw conveyor in the transport area in order to maintain pressure through the mass supply. In general, a quantity of the processed material transported or conveyed in the conveying direction can be regulated by regulating the speed n ₁ .

Furthermore, by adjusting the speed n ₃ of the at least one pre-shredding screw arranged in the pre-shredding area independently of the speeds n ₁ and n ₂ , a working pressure can be built up within the pre-shredding area, which is also referred to as a pressure chamber, which, for example, in particular has a plurality of openings Perforated disk acts, which is arranged in a cutting area downstream of the pre-shredding area within a cutting unit. This working pressure generated or built up there is then used for further processing of the material to be processed or for its comminution in the cutting unit comprising at least one perforated disk and at least one rotating knife. The rotating knife of the cutting unit can, for example, rotate at speed n ₃ .

In the following, examples of non-blocking pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs in the pre-shredding area will be made in this description, without restricting the invention to this embodiment.

The possibility of setting the speeds n ₂ and n ₃ independently of one another makes it possible to discharge the processed material through the transport area as a backflow-blocked mass and only in the pre-shredding area the processed material is subjected to the working pressure required for the shredding of the processed material by the cutting unit as a material structural property The effect of the resistance of the shredding system and the shredding task to be solved.

The blocking screw conveyors in the transport area ensure a continuous supply of the material to be processed from the receiving area via the transition area and the transport area into the pre-shredding area, with the material to be processed being available in the pre-shredding area in sufficient quantity or in excess, so that the material to be processed is available for shredding the cutting unit reaches the necessary working pressure.

It is intended that a pressure sensor is arranged in the pre-shredding area, which measures the pressure or the resulting working pressure as a result of the excess mass of the pre-shredded processing material in the pre-shredding area. This makes it possible to do so in advance to measure the current working pressure prevailing in the shredding area immediately in front of the cutting unit arranged in the cutting area and to compare it with a pressure specification value. Such pressure specification values have been determined experimentally, for example, and are associated with an optimally and qualitatively comminuted respective processing material, which, after comminution, is discharged in the cutting area via the output opening of the output area.

It is also provided that a temperature sensor is arranged in the pre-shredding area, which detects the temperature of the pre-shredded processing material in the pre-shredding area.

The measured values of the working pressure and/or the temperature of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area are used to coordinate the speeds n ₁ and n ₂ of the pairs of non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area and the pairs of locking screw conveyors in the transport area in order to adjust the working pressure and/or to regulate the temperature of the processed material in the pre-shredding area.

According to the invention, the evaluated data from the pressure sensor and/or the temperature sensor arranged within the pre-shredding area are used to set the corresponding speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ . During this evaluation of the data from the sensors, a quantity of the processed material supplied through the receiving opening and a quantity of the shredded processed material discharged from the output opening can also flow in and be used to set the corresponding speeds n ₁ and n ₂ .

Known parameters include, for example, information about which hole sizes of the openings in a perforated disk can be used with which type of raw material and at which temperature and which shredding performance per minute can be achieved. Furthermore, the number of openings or bores per perforated disk is known. From these variables, the delivery rate of the material to be processed as well as the required speed of the screws and the rotating knife of the cutting unit can be calculated.

Example:

Screw conveying capacity: m= 1.2 kg/revolution
Raw material = R II

The designation R II of the raw material describes a quality criterion for the composition of muscle meat, fat components and collagen tissue according to the state of the art. This corresponds, for example, to the type of meat part of an animal carcass with 75% water content, which describes the proportion of liquid without solids. The total mass of the meat is divided into 5% fat, 20% meat protein and 5% connective tissue protein.
Bore/opening in the perforated disk: d = 3 mm
Number of holes in the perforated disk: n = 1030

1. Calculation example:

Fresh meat with a temperature range of t= -3 °C to +5 °C Drilling performance: m = 80 g/min

Number of holes on the perforated disk: n = 1030

Delivery capacity: m1 = number of holes on the perforated disk * drilling capacity $$\text{m}$$$$1=1030*80\text{G}/\text{min}=82400\text{G}/\text{min}$$

The speed n of the screw in revolutions/min results from the quotient of the delivery rate m1 in kg/min and the delivery rate of the screws m in kg/revolution. $$\text{m}=82.4\text{kg}/\text{min:1},\text{2kg}/\text{revolution}=68.6\text{revolutions}/\text{min}$$

The required screw speed is therefore n = 68 revolutions per minute for a disc output.

2. Calculation example:

frozen meat with a temperature t = -18°C
Drilling performance: m = 10 g/min
Number of holes on the perforated disk: n = 1030
Delivery capacity: m1= number of holes on the perforated disk * drilling capacity $$\text{m}$$$$1=1030*10\text{G}/\text{min}=10300\text{G}/\text{min}$$

The speed n of the screw in revolutions/min results from the quotient of the delivery rate m1 in kg/min and the delivery rate of the screws m in kg/revolution. $$\text{m}=10.3\text{kg}/\text{min}:1.2\text{kg}/\text{revolution}=8.5\text{revolutions}/\text{min}$$

The required screw speed is therefore n = 8.5 revolutions per minute for a disc output.

It is therefore advantageous to adjust the working pressure of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area depending on a temperature specification value and a pressure specification value. The working pressure of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area or the pressure chamber is regulated according to the invention, since too high a working pressure leads to compression and, in particular in the case of frozen material to be processed, to undesirable compaction. Such undesirable compaction of the material to be processed prevents the material to be processed from forming into cones, i.e. the material to be processed from penetrating into the openings of the perforated disk and thus the shredding of the material to be processed in the cutting unit of the device for conveying and comminuting goods to be processed.

By means of an existing pressure sensor, the state of strength of the material to be processed can be monitored, whereby the energetic state of the material can be controlled, particularly when processing pieces of meat, and thus relaxation of the material to be processed can be made possible through optimal conditions, whereby the cone formation in the openings of the perforated disk is advantageously improved.

Particularly preferably, the measured values of the pressure sensor and/or the temperature sensor are used to regulate the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors arranged in pairs in the receiving area and thus to control the quantity of material to be processed into the pre-shredding area.

Furthermore, it is provided that undesirable compaction due to elements of the processed material pressing against one another is reduced in that within the pre-shredding area, tool elements are arranged on the paired, non-locking pre-shredding screws, which ensure loosening of the processed material in the pre-shredding area. Open, non-blocking screw geometries are used, which react to excessive pressure with raw material at the storage point, the tool system, with raw material backflow and thereby overflow the conveyor paths of the screw pair and exchange themselves with the feed and backflow movement as in a mixing process with a temperature increase . This sequence of movements only ends when meat cones are formed again in the openings of the perforated disk and these are transported away. The condition can be recorded by recording measurement data using pressure sensors and/or temperature sensors.

It is envisaged that the pairs of non-locking screw conveyors, the pairs of locking screw conveyors and the pairs of non-locking pre-shredding screws are arranged on two axes aligned parallel to one another. Here, a first non-locking screw conveyor, a first locking screw conveyor and a first non-locking pre-shredding screw are arranged on a first axis, with a second non-locking screw conveyor, a second locking screw conveyor and a second non-locking pre-shredding screw being arranged on a second axis.

It is further provided that with such an arrangement of the screws on two axes, the non-locking screw conveyors arranged in pairs are arranged connected to a first controllable drive unit, that the locking screw conveyors arranged in pairs are arranged connected to a second controllable drive unit and that the pairs arranged , non-locking pre-shredding screws are arranged connected to a third controllable drive unit. Through this separate assignment to different drive units, all pairs of screws can be operated either at the same speed, at partially the same speeds or at different speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ , since the drive units are designed to be adjustable in their speed.

For the practical implementation of this drive concept, it is provided that the second drive shafts of the locking screw conveyors driven by the second controllable drive unit are arranged or run within the first drive shafts of the non-locking screw conveyors driven by the first controllable drive unit and thus in the interior of the non-locking screw conveyors. Furthermore, the third drive shafts of the non-locking pre-shredding screws, which are driven by the third controllable drive unit, are arranged within the second drive shafts of the locking screw conveyors and thus run through both the non-locking screw conveyors and the locking screw conveyors of the device. Since the drive shafts extend or are arranged one inside the other on both the first axis and the second axis, the various screws arranged in pairs can be operated at different speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ .

In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the non-blocking screw conveyors are arranged connected to a first drive unit and that the blocking screw conveyors and the non-blocking pre-shredding screws are arranged connected to a second drive unit.

A coupling of the locking screw conveyors with the non-locking screw conveyors via only one drive shaft is provided in the event that the acceptance process of the processed goods or raw materials is temperature-controlled or introduces technologically justified parameters in the initial state of the processed goods. This is the case when the production of the end products requires these parameters for ripening or other product-internal processes to achieve the quality characteristics of the product or the shredded processed material.

• - hochwertige Rohwurstprodukte mit niedrigen Temperarturen t = bis -10 °C,
• - Frischfleischprodukte im Temperaturbereich t = -3 bis + 5 °C,
• - gekochte Wurstsorten im Temperaturbereich bis t = + 80 °C,

The following can be mentioned as representatives of the finished products:

• - high-quality raw sausage products with low temperatures t = up to -10 °C,
• - Fresh meat products in the temperature range t = -3 to + 5 °C,
• - cooked types of sausage in the temperature range up to t = + 80 °C,

Disc openings d = 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 mm are provided for a targeted temperature setting in the material to be conveyed when raw material conditions are at a greatly reduced temperature in order to generate the parameters for the shredding processes to be achieved.

By separately setting the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area, the processed material, in particular the meat, can be loosened in a controlled manner in the receiving area. This means that the quality of the processed material to be shredded can also be taken into account.

It is envisaged that with a high throughput of processed material to be shredded, a high working pressure in the range of 30 bar can be generated in the pre-shredding area by the locking conveyor screws arranged in pairs in cooperation with the non-locking pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs in the pre-shredding area. This is particularly successful because of the minimal backflow of the processed material during transport with the blocking screw conveyors. By variable adjustment of the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area, both an increase and an adjusted reduction in the working pressure in the pre-shredding area, which is also referred to as the pressure chamber, can be achieved by a sufficiently large or decreasing amount of the material to be processed over the receiving area is transported to the pre-shredding area in the conveying direction. This leads to numerous advantages, especially when processing meat. Due to the adjustable high working pressure, strength connections between the different types of meat within the meat can be positively influenced in the pre-shredding area. Openings of a perforated disk of a cutting unit arranged in the cutting area can therefore have diameters in the range of 3 to 4 mm or even 1 to 2 mm.

Alternatively, several such perforated disks, each with an associated rotating knife, can be arranged one after the other in a cutting unit, for example by removing them one after the other the diameters of the openings of the perforated disks for a gradual degree of shredding of the processed material.

By means of the level of a predetermined working pressure in the pre-shredding area, the existing collagen can also advantageously be comminuted, since collagen also advantageously results in at least partial cone formation due to its high strength with necessary shaping pressures for meat cones of approximately p = 20 bar in the openings of the perforated disk.

This efficient transport also advantageously leads to lower energy consumption. The blocking screw conveyors arranged in pairs only require 0.6 Wh per kg of processed material, while non-blocking screw conveyors known from the prior art for comparable transport tasks of the processed goods require 6 Wh per kg of processed goods.

Since any additional energy supply, such as crushing and shearing stresses due to the transport of the material to be processed by means of a non-locking screw conveyor, reduces the quality of the material to be processed, in particular the meat, not only can energy be saved by means of the device according to the invention, but also the quality of the material to be chopped or the goods to be processed, such as meat, can be increased. The load on the meat during transport by the device for conveying and chopping processed goods in the conveying direction to the cutting unit in the cutting area is advantageously minimized here and the destruction of the meat structure is prevented up to the point of comminution in the cutting area. This maintains the strength of the meat structure, especially for high-quality products. There is no denaturation caused by mechanical forces or heat generated during transport. This means that the connection between collagen and muscle is not destroyed during the transport of the processed material in the device.

It is envisaged that in the pre-shredding area or in the pressure chamber, non-locking pre-shredding screws rotating at speed n ₃ are arranged in pairs. In addition to additional pre-shredding of the processed goods and a solution to the strength within the pre-shredding area, this also allows processing of both frozen processed goods and processed goods in the fresh state, for example at temperatures of a few degrees above freezing point.

The combination of different screws for transporting or conveying the processed goods in the device with independent adjustment of the corresponding speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ makes it possible to address the different requirements of the different processed goods or foods. The compaction of frozen foods, especially frozen meat products, which occurs in front of the cutting unit in the pre-shredding area can be counteracted in a targeted manner by specifically controlling the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ of the different screws. This means that the material penetration conditions into the intended sizes of the openings of the perforated disk of the cutting unit can be selected as desired, regardless of the generation of thrust force, without force transmission between the screw and the housing with the raw material, defined via the mass thrust of the sealing locking screws. By means of the locking screws used in the device according to the invention, a significantly higher thrust force or a significantly higher pressure is generated in the cutting area in front of the perforated disk. Compared to a grinding machine according to the prior art, according to the invention it is possible to generate up to ten times higher thrust force.

The device according to the invention for conveying and shredding processed goods makes it possible, in particular, to influence the various states of the processed goods or raw materials, i.e. the food, in particular meat products, by providing the corresponding predetermined and controlled working pressure in the pre-shredding area. Depending on the use, the parameters can be adapted to the necessary or to be achieved states, in particular solid, lumpy, soft, hard, pasty, liquid, warm and cold.

What is crucial for optimal processing here is that the material strength of the material to be processed is not disturbed within the pairs of locking screw conveyors. The material to be processed is not changed during transport through the transport area into the pre-shredding area and processing is only carried out within the pre-shredding area. Processing is therefore carried out specifically within the pre-shredding area or the pressure chamber as well as in the cutting unit arranged in the cutting area.

As already mentioned, the cutting unit has at least one perforated disk with several openings and at least one rotating knife. Alternatively, several such perforated disks, each with an associated rotating knife, can be arranged one after the other in a cutting unit, for example with successively decreasing diameters of the openings of the perforated disks in order to gradually achieve the degree of comminution of the material to be processed.

In both embodiments, at least one rotating knife, which is arranged within the cutting unit, is provided with a cutting and conveying function for relaxing the material to be processed. The cutting unit can also be referred to as a cutting set.

The relaxation of the processed material is particularly relevant when mincing meat. The shredding of meat using a perforated disk and an adjacent rotating knife does not occur continuously in the form of a flow process, as is often assumed, but it has been shown that there is a discontinuous, abrupt particle formation due to a previous increase in pressure in the cutting area during production During a compaction time as a pressure increase to form meat plugs must come into the holes in the section in order to be separated with a knife cut. The penetration process of the meat into the openings of the perforated disc to form meat cones is a mechanically extremely stressful process that is accompanied by the tearing of parts of the internal structure of the meat. The proven erratic cone formation is evidence that the fragmentation of meat is a process in which the external force causes material deformation up to the point where the fibers tear. Therefore, relaxation of the large pieces of meat from which the meat cones are separated is a prerequisite for a good, i.e. gentle and efficient, shredding process in the cutting unit.

It is further provided that the housing in the transport area has a conveyor housing which sealingly encloses the blocking screw conveyors and forms a sliding bearing and is smoothed on the inside, with outer surfaces of the winding boundaries of the blocking screw conveyors being slidably arranged on the conveyor housing in order to reduce the screw shaft deformations with their lengths and surface areas When raw materials are received in the hopper area, this can be prevented by absorbing force through the joint storage function of the entire conveyor housing area with the blocking conveyor screws.

By arranging the blocking screw conveyors in a conveyor housing in the transport area, a dynamic storage system is formed over the length of the housing, in which the outer surfaces of the winding boundaries of the blocking screw conveyors correspond to the conveyor housing surrounding the outer surfaces of the smooth boundaries of the blocking screw conveyors. This means that the outer surfaces of the winding boundaries with the conveyor housing form a plain bearing with smooth housing surfaces made of steel or other bearing-paired material combinations.

This is achieved in that at least the tortuous boundaries of the blocking conveyor screws and the conveyor housing are made from a material pairing that has sliding properties. For this purpose, the material pairings between the two parts are selected so that a plain bearing pairing is created that almost eliminates wear, with the dynamic bearing function being coordinated with the length of the locking screw conveyors and the number of winding gears within the conveyor housing.

A plastic, for example, is used as such a material for the winding boundaries of the blocking screw conveyors and for the conveyor housing. POM (polyoxymethylene), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or PE (polyethylene) are named as exemplary materials. Alternatively, metallic materials with sliding surface properties can also be used to form a plain bearing pairing.

Such an arrangement of the locking screw conveyors in a conveyor housing in the transport area and the formation of a dynamic bearing system or plain bearing counteracts displacement of the locking screw conveyors away from the longitudinal axis and thus significantly reduces deformation of the screws due to the forces acting during the raw material intake, as the additional Plain bearing with its longitudinal extent in the housing the distance between the bearing points of the screws on the one hand in the receiving area, on the other hand in the cutting area and additionally in the transport area of the device is significantly shortened.

This reduction in displacement away from the longitudinal axis virtually eliminates the tilting and bending of the rotating knife pin arranged on one of the axes with the knife in the position-secured disks of the cutting unit. In addition, tilting with great friction and great wear is eliminated. As a result, the operating time of the devices according to the invention is extended, the quality of the shredded processed material is increased and the effort and costs for repairs are reduced. In addition, a reduction in energy consumption of up to 40% is achieved.

With this form of taking over a bearing function by the plain bearing designed as a third bearing, the lever lengths with deforming forces of the screws are shortened by a factor of 3 to 5 when the raw materials are drawn in, the pull-in forces are distributed centrally between the pairs of non-locking screw conveyors and the force effect on the individual, non-blocking screw conveyors.

It is also envisaged that between the receiving area and the transport area the non-blocking conveyor screws in a section of a transition area are designed as non-blocking granulating screws for pre-shredding the material to be processed. These non-blocking granulating screws advantageously take over the chopping into smaller pieces of material to be processed before the material to be processed reaches the transport area. The non-blocking granulating screws can be designed as part of the paired, non-blocking conveyor screws. In this case, for example, the structure of the winding boundaries changes in such a way that hack-shaped knife elements are incorporated into the screw flights, which penetrate into the meat as they rotate and thereby introduce cuts and cracks into the raw material with crushing effects. By arranging the screw flights in pairs with the knife elements of the screws rotating away from the center, the tearing and cutting effect is doubled and ultimately leads to the desired fragmentation of the meat. In this version, the speed n of the non-locking granulating screws corresponds to the speed n ₁ of the non-locking conveyor screws. In this case, the speed n of the non-locking granulating screws is also set depending on the working pressure within the pre-shredding range.

In an alternative to the device, it is provided to mechanically decouple the non-blocking conveyor screws arranged in pairs, which extend over the receiving area, from the non-blocking granulating screws arranged in pairs, which extend over the transition area. In this case, the speed n of the non-locking granulating screws can be adjusted independently of the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors if appropriately controllable drive units are provided.

It is also generally provided that a separate and controllable drive unit can determine both the speed of the associated screws and the direction of rotation of the associated screws in a purpose-related manner.

It is also provided that the non-locking granulating screws have interchangeable tools, the task of which is to arrange the fragmentation of the processed material in such a way that uniform acceptance of the processed material by the downstream, locking conveyor screws is ensured without disruption. Such interchangeable tools offer the possibility of adapting the device for conveying and chopping processed goods to different processed goods or foodstuffs.

It is intended that the transport area and the pre-shredding area have a constant cross section and/or are arranged within a common housing. The cross section of the area in which the processed material is transported along the transport path of the processed material in the conveying direction therefore does not change in the transport area and in the pre-shredding area.

Alternatively, the cross section of the housing of the device and the outer diameter of the screws taper in the conveying direction, i.e. in the direction of the pre-shredding area.

It is also planned that external thermal energy is supplied in the transport area of the device. For example, between the housing of the device and the conveyor housing, elements are arranged which make it possible to transfer thermal energy into the interior of the transport area using water, oil, induction, microwaves or ultrasound excitation. By introducing heat, it is possible to transform the processed material into a deformable material state in which pre-shredding following transport through the transport area and shredding of the processed material in the cutting area, in particular when using cooled or deep-frozen processed material, are facilitated.

The task is also achieved by a method for shredding a processed product with the features according to claim 8 of the independent patent claims. Further developments are specified in the dependent patent claims.

1. a) Zufuhr eines zu zerkleinernden Verarbeitungsguts in einem Aufnahmebereich über eine Aufnahmeöffnung,
2. b) Einzug des zu zerkleinernden Verarbeitungsguts in paarweise mit einer Drehzahl n₁ rotierende, nichtsperrende Förderschnecken im Aufnahmebereich und Transport des Verarbeitungsguts in einer Förderrichtung,
3. c) Übergabe des Verarbeitungsguts in der Förderrichtung an einen Transportbereich,
4. d) Transport des zu zerkleinernden Verarbeitungsguts durch den Transportbereich mittels paarweise mit einer Drehzahl n₂ rotierender, sperrender Förderschnecken in der Förderrichtung in einen Vorzerkleinerungsbereich ohne Rückfluss des Verarbeitungsguts innerhalb des Transportbereichs,
5. e) Erzeugen eines auf das zu zerkleinernde Verarbeitungsgut wirkenden Arbeitsdrucks in der Förderrichtung in einem Vorzerkleinerungsbereich vor einem Schneidbereich mittels mindestens einer mit einer Drehzahl n₃ rotierender, nichtsperrender Vorzerkleinerungsschnecke bei gleichzeitiger Vorzerkleinerung des Verarbeitungsguts im Vorzerkleinerungsbereich,
6. f) Zerkleinerung des Verarbeitungsguts mittels wenigstens einer in einem Schneidbereich angeordneter Öffnungen aufweisender Lochscheibe und mittels wenigstens eines im Schneidbereich angeordneten zu der Lochscheibe zugehörigen rotierenden Messers,
7. g) Abfuhr des zerkleinerten Verarbeitungsguts über eine Ausgabeöffnung eines Ausgabebereichs,
8. h) Messen eines auf das zu zerkleinernde Verarbeitungsgut wirkenden aktuellen Arbeitsdrucks im Vorzerkleinerungsbereich,
9. i) Vergleich des gemessenen aktuellen Arbeitsdrucks mit einem Druckvorgabewert und Ermittlung einer Abweichung zwischen dem aktuellen Arbeitsdruck und dem Druckvorgabewert und
10. j) bei Ermittlung eines Betrags der Abweichung zwischen dem aktuellen Arbeitsdruck und dem Druckvorgabewert oberhalb einer vorgegebenen Toleranzschwelle wird mindestens eine der Drehzahlen n₁, n₂, n₃ zum Erreichen des Druckvorgabewerts im Vorzerkleinerungsbereich verändert.

The method according to the invention has the following steps:

1. a) supply of a processed product to be shredded in a receiving area via a receiving opening,
2. b) feeding the material to be processed into pairs of non-locking screw conveyors rotating at a speed n ₁ in the receiving area and transporting the material to be processed in one conveying direction,
3. c) transfer of the processed goods in the conveying direction to a transport area,
4. d) transport of the processed material to be shredded through the transport area by means of locking screw conveyors rotating in pairs at a speed of n ₂ in the conveying direction into a pre-shredding area without backflow of the processed material within the transport area,
5. e) generating a working pressure acting on the processed material to be shredded in the conveying direction in a pre-shredding area in front of a cutting area by means of at least one non-locking pre-shredding screw rotating at a speed of n ₃ while simultaneously pre-shredding the processed material in the pre-shredding area,
6. f) comminution of the material to be processed by means of at least one perforated disk having openings arranged in a cutting area and by means of at least one rotating knife arranged in the cutting area and belonging to the perforated disk,
7. g) removal of the shredded processed material via an output opening of an output area,
8. h) measuring a current working pressure acting on the material to be shredded in the pre-shredding area,
9. i) comparing the measured current working pressure with a pressure specification value and determining a deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value and
10. j) when determining an amount of deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value above a predetermined tolerance threshold, at least one of the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ is changed to reach the pressure specification value in the pre-shredding area.

• • Produktgruppe I: Herstellung von zerkleinertem Verarbeitungsgut mit sehr kleinen Scheibenöffnungen (d = 0,6 bis 1,5 mm) für frisches Fleisch in einen Feinbrätzustand als eine in Därme abfüllbare fertige Wurstmasse.
• • Produktgruppe II: Herstellung von zerkleinertem Verarbeitungsgut mit Rohstoffen im tiefgekühlten Zustand (t = -10 °C bis -18 °C) und Scheibenöffnungen der letzten zum Ausgabebereich hin angeordneten Lochscheibe mit Öffnungen, welche Durchmesser im Bereich von 3 mm bis 16 mm aufweisen.
• • Produktgruppe III: Fördervorgang nach dem Passieren des Werkzeugsystems zum Zweck der Füllung in Formen und Behältnisse.

By changing at least one of the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ to achieve the predetermined pressure setting value in the pre-shredding area, various product groups can be advantageously produced, three of which are listed below as examples.

• • Product group I: Production of shredded processed material with very small disc openings (d = 0.6 to 1.5 mm) for fresh meat in a finely roasted state as a finished sausage mass that can be filled into casings.
• • Product group II: Production of shredded processed goods with raw materials in the frozen state (t = -10 °C to -18 °C) and disc openings of the last perforated disc arranged towards the output area with openings that have diameters in the range from 3 mm to 16 mm.
• • Product group III: Conveying process after passing through the tool system for the purpose of filling into molds and containers.

It is also envisaged that the material to be processed is pre-shredded in a transition area, i.e. a space between the receiving area and the transport area. In this area either separate non-blocking granulating screws are arranged in pairs or some of the non-blocking conveyor screws arranged in pairs in the receiving area are designed as such non-blocking granulating screws. This means that the processed material can be pre-shredded and handed over to the transport area as smaller-sized processed goods. This means in particular This enables optimal chopping and processing of both frozen and chilled foods.

According to the concept of the invention, a device for conveying and comminuting processed goods, in particular for comminuting meat products, is provided, in which a combination of several paired screws with different properties and individually adjustable speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ are combined becomes. A pair of separately controllable, non-locking screw conveyors in the receiving area of the device means that a defined entry of processed material can be generated into the transport area and the pre-shredding area, which works as a pressure chamber. In particular, different speeds n ₁ and n ₂ of the pairs of non-locking screw conveyors and the pairs of locking screw conveyors can be used to create optimal conditions for transporting the material to be processed in the conveying direction. In addition, this makes it possible to achieve a predetermined working pressure in the pre-shredding area, at which the material to be processed is comminuted in the cutting area in such a way that the shredded material to be processed has optimal quality. In addition, the energy required to operate such a device for conveying and shredding processed goods can be reduced by up to 70%.

It is particularly advantageous to feed the material to be processed into the receiving area of the device at a speed n ₁ of the paired, non-locking screw conveyors, which is greater than the speeds n ₂ and n ₃ of the paired, locking screw conveyors and the paired, non-locking pre-shredding screws.

The blocking conveyor screws arranged in pairs according to the invention in the transport area with no backflow or almost no backflow of the processed material enable a defined entry of processed material into the pre-shredding area of the device in front of the cutting area. In addition, such a controllable entry of processed material into the pre-shredding area can predetermine the working pressure in the pre-shredding area, under which the processed material is immediately in front of the cutting area, in order to realize its processing according to disk sizes and material condition. The working pressure in the pre-shredding area will increase in the event that the entry of processed material, i.e. the amount of processed material, into the pre-shredding area has to be increased as a result of a decrease in the processing quantity. On the other hand, the working pressure in the pre-shredding area will decrease if the input of processed material into the pre-shredding area is reduced. Thus, for example, by changing the speed n ₂ of the blocking screw conveyors arranged in pairs in the transport area, the working pressure in the pre-shredding area can be influenced until a pressure specification value for the working pressure has been reached. Here, the current working pressure in the pre-shredding area is measured using a pressure sensor, compared with the pressure specification value and a deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value is determined. A change in the speed n ₂ of the blocking screw conveyors arranged in pairs in the transport area only occurs in the event that an amount of the deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value is above a predetermined tolerance threshold. Otherwise, the speed n ₂ is maintained. Thus, when an amount of deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value is determined above a predetermined tolerance threshold, the speed n ₂ is controlled in a decreasing manner in order to achieve the pressure specification value. Alternatively, the speed n ₃ can also be regulated in order to achieve the pressure specification value.

Thus, the working pressure in the pre-shredding area in front of the cutting area can be regulated so well by the defined input of processed material that when processing meat, the substance states of the meat and thus the meat cone formation can be influenced in a controlled manner and can be set in a defined manner for high-quality processing.

In an alternative embodiment, the quantity of material to be processed is metered into the pre-shredding area by adjusting or changing the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors arranged in pairs. In this case, the working pressure in the pre-shredding area will increase in the event that the speed n ₁ of the paired, non-blocking screw conveyors increases up to the maximum filling level of the blocking screw conveyors, since the input of processed material, i.e. the amount of processed material, increases is conveyed into the pre-shredding area. On the other hand, the working pressure in the pre-shredding area will decrease in the event that the speed n ₁ of the non-blocking screw conveyors arranged in pairs decreases, with the degree of filling of the blocking screw conveyors decreasing.

Processing a cooled or deep-frozen material to be processed in the device according to the invention also has the advantage that the material to be processed is not heated strongly during the comminution process and its qualitative material condition is ensured unchanged, but that the stored cold enables sufficient cooling of the material to be processed, which is particularly important during processing of meat products offers great advantages for hygienic reasons. The reason for the low heating of the material to be processed in the arrangement according to the invention is also that the material to be processed does not have to make its own contribution to the supply of raw materials, although it is transported very gently and continuously in the non-overlapping areas of the blocking screw conveyors without great pressure.

In the event that the material to be processed must have a higher temperature for better processing, for example in the cutting unit, a supply of external heat energy is provided in the transport area or preferably in the pre-shredding area of the device, this heat energy being generated using media such as water, oil, Induction, microwaves or ultrasound excitation into the interior of the transport area or preferably the pre-shredding area and thus transferred into the material to be processed.

This input of heat makes it possible to convert the material to be processed into a deformable material state, in which pre-shredding and comminution of the material to be processed in the cutting unit arranged in the cutting area is facilitated.

It is important that the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area before the cutting area is in a workable, granular strength state of the material to be processed. This state of strength occurs when the removal resistance of the tools of the cutting unit in the cutting area and the resistance of the material strength of the material to be processed are reached evenly through the penetration behavior of the material to be processed into the openings or bores of the perforated disk due to a reduced state of material strength.

For this purpose, non-blocking pre-shredding screws are arranged in pairs in the pre-shredding area. Alternatively, only one non-blocking pre-shredding screw is arranged in the pre-shredding area. Firmly bonded, grown, highly elastic material connections of the processed material can be broken up by processing using these pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs or the one pre-shredding screw in the pre-shredding area. Below, in this description, only the variant of the non-blocking pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs will be discussed, without restricting the present invention to this embodiment.

The resulting heating of the material to be processed is made possible by the mixing properties of the non-blocking screw conveyors with their low efficiency, thereby supporting deformation of the material to be processed and thus suitable processing in the appropriate state of the material. If the material to be processed is too strong, it would prevent processing using the perforated disks in the cutting unit, since the material to be processed must be sufficiently flowable in order to be pressed into the openings of the perforated disk and shredded by the associated rotating knife. For this reason, the combination of gentle transport through the blocking screw conveyors in the transport area as well as the targeted pre-shredding and the generation of a working pressure for the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area by means of the non-blocking pre-shredding screws, which pre-shred the material to be processed, loosen it, mix it easily and heat it up and below the required Being able to set working pressure is particularly advantageous.

The non-blocking pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs in the pre-shredding area are relevant to the dissolution of compacted, i.e. solidified, processed material as a result of the working pressure occurring in the pre-shredding area. In their conveying geometry, these pre-shredding screws act with the main conveying mass from the transport area due to their lower pressure maintenance ability against the accumulation resistance of the cutting unit in the cutting area with their limited removal quantity, caused by the higher degree of comminution to be achieved.

At least one rotating knife arranged in the cutting area separates the processed material that has penetrated into the openings of the associated perforated disk, such as a piece of meat, the so-called meat cones, from the more compact, large-sized mass of the processed material and transports the processed material comminuted in this way further in the conveying direction to the output area.

This shredding eliminates the internal solidification of the material being processed, such as a large piece of meat, and relaxes it. Meat plugs can then form again in the bores or openings of the perforated disk under a thrust pressure caused by the working pressure in the pre-shredding area by the non-blocking pre-shredding screws. According to the method, this repetitive process when shredding the material to be processed is controlled and monitored by measuring the current pressure or working pressure in the pre-shredding area using a pressure sensor in order to control the supply of the material to be processed.

The relaxation of the processed material is necessary for foods of animal origin, since meat in particular is a tissue made up of material components with different solid, spatially connected types of material with biologically fixed individual functions from an animal. Nothing flows easily from such a tissue. The formation of meat cones is only partially possible without fiber breakage because meat, with its elastic-plastic properties, allows such shape shifts and/or only allows this to occur with fiber breakage in the structure of the structure, limited by high mechanical work. At no point does the piece of meat get completely destroyed. It runs in layers, so to speak, parallel to the contact surface on the perforated disk with its openings.

Through the coordination according to the invention or targeted control of the speeds n ₁ and/or n ₂ and/or n ₃ of the various screws of the device for optimizing the transport of the processed material in the conveying direction in the device according to the invention and for achieving the pressure specification value in the pre-shredding area, it is possible to have a to achieve a reduced state of strength of the material to be processed, such as meat, in the pre-shredding area in front of the cutting area, which creates a cone formation of the material to be processed with greater performance in the perforated disks of the cutting unit.

Such cone formations are deformations in a section of the processed material, which has grown strength structures made of materials of different strengths. Overcoming this strength structure requires a load that tears, or at least loosens, the composite in the fabric parts that rest directly on the perforated disk. Only then can pegs in the crack area be freely formed into the holes.

With the known wolf screw geometry according to the prior art, a backflow always occurs against the conveying direction, since the conveying efficiency of this type of screw is low at 30 to 50%, depending on the raw material, due to the material strength properties for generating thrust force and is influenced by a higher counter pressure of the cutting unit. As a result, large parts of the conveyed quantities of the processed material are not removed by the cutting unit in the cutting area. This creates a backflow of already loaded and partially destroyed parts of the processed material under the screw in the support system against the conveying direction. The use of the paired, blocking conveyor screws according to the invention in the transport area almost completely prevents such a backflow of the processed material and, thanks to the sealing properties of the paired, blocked conveyor screws, ensures that the processed material only remains in the pre-shredding area and, with mixing processes of the screws, ensures the strength-related change in material state and distribution of properties as a prerequisite for penetration into the holes in the perforated disk.

The tightly bonded, grown and highly elastic material structures of a processed product such as meat are broken up by consciously quantity-controlled conveying of the processed product and the use of the non-blocking pre-shredding screws arranged in pairs. As a result, the solid material structure can be heated at a very low temperature, such as in the frosted state, by the input of conveying work through a reflux taking place in the pre-shredding area and the renewed supply to the cutting unit and dissolved by tearing.

It is envisaged that the at least one rotating knife of the cutting unit arranged in the cutting area is connected to one of the two third drive shafts. The rotating knife in the cutting unit is thus set in rotation or a rotary movement by the drive motor of the third controllable drive unit in order to prepare the material state to be processed.

Furthermore, it is provided that the shredding of the material to be processed in the cutting area takes place with a predetermined working pressure in the pre-shredding area, with which defined components of the material to be processed are caused or selected to form cones in the openings of the perforated disk. For this purpose, the speed n ₂ of the blocking screw conveyors is regulated accordingly. It is advantageous if the rotating knife in the cutting unit also rotates at speed n ₂ .

In this way, for example, a component of the material to be processed can be selectively selected, comminuted with a correspondingly high quality in the cutting unit and output via the output area.

For such a material division of the grown raw material into its strength-related components for the production of defined end products with a quality-determining material composition through a pressure-dependent cone formation of the respective types of material, a removal of the non-selected components of the processed material, for example from the pre-shredding area of the device, which is not described in detail here, is provided.

• - p = 6 bis 10 bar weiche Stoffarten, Muskelfleisch und Fette,
• - p = 15 bis 18 bar Kollagene,
• - p = 20 bar und mehr Hautbestandteile, Sehnen,
• - p = 25 bis 30 bar Knochenteile und andere Restbestandteile.

The following are component-related, specified working pressures for the pre-shredding area:

• - p = 6 to 10 bar soft materials, muscle meat and fats,
• - p = 15 to 18 bar collagen,
• - p = 20 bar and more skin components, tendons,
• - p = 25 to 30 bar bone parts and other residual components.

With these pressure settings it is possible to select components of the material to be processed based on the effect of the working pressure and the size of the openings in the perforated disk.

• 1: eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Fördern und zum Zerkleinern von Verarbeitungsgütern,
• 2: paarweise angeordnete, sperrende Förderschnecken im Gehäuse der Vorrichtung in einer Schnittdarstellung,
• 3: die erfindungsgemäßen paarweise angeordneten, sperrenden Förderschnecken ohne Gehäuse und
• 4: einen Ausschnitt des Transportbereichs sowie des Vorzerkleinerungsbereichs der Vorrichtung zum Fördern und zum Zerkleinern von Verarbeitungsgütern.

The previously explained features and advantages of this invention can be better understood and evaluated after careful study of the following detailed description of the preferred, non-limiting example embodiments of the invention herein with the accompanying drawings, which show:

• 1 : a device according to the invention for conveying and shredding processed goods,
• 2 : locking conveyor screws arranged in pairs in the housing of the device in a sectional view,
• 3 : the locking screw conveyors according to the invention arranged in pairs without a housing and
• 4 : a section of the transport area and the pre-shredding area of the device for conveying and shredding processed goods.

The 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention for conveying and shredding processed goods in an exemplary embodiment.

The device 1 has a housing 2, which includes a receiving area 3 with a receiving opening 4, a transition area 5, a transport area 6, a pre-shredding area 7, a cutting area 8 and an output area 9 with an output opening 10.

About the receiving opening 4 arranged in the receiving area 3, which in the example 1 For example, as a funnel-shaped receiving opening 4 is designed, a material to be processed, such as meat, is fed to the device 1. The processed material to be conveyed and shredded is in the 1 not shown.

The processed material to be shredded reaches the receiving area 3 and is picked up by pairs of non-locking screw conveyors 11 rotating at a speed n ₁ and arranged in the receiving area 3 or is drawn into the winding passages of the non-locking screw conveyors 11 and transported in a conveying direction 12 within the device 1. The screw conveyors 11 are designed as pairs of interlocking, counter-rotating, non-locking screw conveyors 11, which is due to the for the 1 selected side view cannot be recognized. The material to be processed is conveyed by the paired, non-blocking screw conveyors 11 from the receiving area 3 to a transition area 5. Within this transition area 5, which represents a transition in the housing 2 between the partially open receiving area 3 and the closed transport area 6, the non-blocking screw conveyors 11 can have a design of their winding gears, which of Design of the non-locking screw conveyors 11 in the partially open receiving area 3 differs. This different design of the non-blocking screw conveyors 11 results from the different tasks in areas 3 and 5. While the non-locking screw conveyors 11 in the receiving area 3 pick up the processed material to be shredded or have to act on the processed material with knife-like gear shapes and pull it in in this way, in the transition area 5 the processed material to be shredded, which has already been picked up in the winding passages of the non-locking screw conveyors 11, is conveyed in the Conveying direction 12. Therefore, the outer diameter of the non-blocking screw conveyors 11 determined by the winding gears can decrease in the transition area 5. Alternatively or additionally, the type of winding boundaries 17 in the transition area 5 can change.

From the transition area 5, the processed material to be shredded continues in the conveying direction 12 to the transport area 6. In this transport area 6, the processed material to be shredded is picked up by locking screw conveyors 13 rotating in pairs at a speed n ₂ and further conveyed or transported in the conveying direction 12.

The blocking screw conveyors 13 are also designed as pairs of interlocking, counter-rotating, blocking screw conveyors 13. The blocking screw conveyors 13 act in the manner of a displacement system with almost 100% efficiency when transporting the material to be processed in the conveying direction 12, without mechanically loading the material to be processed. With these blocking screw conveyors 13, there is almost no backflow of the material to be processed against the conveying direction 12 in the edge area between the blocking screw conveyors 13 and the conveyor housing 16 surrounding the blocking screw conveyors 13.

The blocking screw conveyors 13 are arranged in the transport area 6 surrounded by a conveyor housing 16, the blocking screw conveyors 13 forming a dynamic storage system with the conveyor housing 16 over part of the length of the housing 2. In this dynamic storage system, outer surfaces 18 of the helically wound boundaries 17 of the blocking screw conveyors 13 are designed to correspond to the conveyor housing 16 surrounding the outer surfaces 18 of the winding boundaries 17 of the blocking screw conveyors 13. This means that the outer surfaces 18 of the winding boundaries 17 form a plain bearing with the conveyor housing 16. This plain bearing is used to absorb force against deformation forces that arise on the screws during the acceptance of the processed material and can thus cause the knife drive pin in the tools to tilt.

The design of the plain bearing is achieved in that at least the winding boundaries 17 of the blocking screw conveyors 13 and the conveyor housing 16 are made from a material that has sliding properties. For this purpose, the material pairings between the two parts 13 and 16 are selected so that a plain bearing pairing is created that almost eliminates wear, the dynamic bearing function being coordinated with the length of the locking screw conveyors 13 and with the number of winding gears 17 within the conveyor housing 16 . The blocking screw conveyors 13 lie with their outer surfaces 18 of the winding boundaries 17 in proportion to the inner surfaces of the transport housing 16 and are supported in a sliding manner during a rotational movement of the blocking screw conveyors 13 in the transport housing 16, which results in a supporting bearing effect in the working process of the device 1.

The length of the support zones or the size of the surfaces of the components 17 and 16 sliding on one another influences the size or level of the possible force absorption within the dynamic bearing system designed. What this means is that, if necessary, there can be shorter or longer support zones for these parts 17 and 16, which can then be installed and thus affect the geometry of the assemblies involved in the machine process as length adjustments.

Between the winding boundaries 17 of the blocking screw conveyors 13, helically wound passages 19, in which the material to be processed will be received, are formed, into which the material to be processed, coming from the overhang area 5, is received and transported through the transport area 6 to the pre-shredding area 7.

Due to the sealing effect between the winding gears 19 and the winding boundaries 17 in an overlapping area of the pair-arranged, blocking screw conveyors 13, a so-called shaft seal 29 occurs, with the material to be processed without great pressure effect can be transported very gently and continuously in the non-overlapping areas of the blocking screw conveyors 13.

According to the invention, the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ can be set independently of one another, whereby, for example, by varying the speeds n ₁ and n ₂ at least the pressure acting on the material to be processed in the receiving area 3 and in the transport area 6 during conveying in the conveying direction 12 can be regulated. By changing the speed n _1, the pressure acting on the material to be processed in the transition region 5 is also influenced.

For independent adjustment of the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ , the non-locking screw conveyors 11 arranged in pairs are arranged connected to a first controllable drive unit 14, the locking screw conveyors 13 arranged in pairs are connected to a second controllable drive unit 15 and the pairs arranged, non-locking pre-shredding screws 20 connected to a third controllable drive unit 21.

In the example, the first controllable drive unit 14 and the second controllable drive unit 15 each consist of a drive motor whose speed can be regulated and which, by means of appropriate power transmission belts or other technical options, has first drive shafts 32 of the non-locking screw conveyors 11 and second drive shafts 33 of the locking screw conveyors 13 arranged parallel to one another is connected to generate a corresponding rotary movement. In the example of 1 The third controllable drive unit 21 has a drive motor whose speed can be regulated and which is connected via a clutch 26 to the third drive shafts 35 of the non-locking pre-shredding screws 20 in order to generate a corresponding rotary movement. In addition, it is provided that one of the third drive shafts 35 is connected to the cutting unit 24.

It is envisaged that the second drive shafts 33 of the locking screw conveyors 13, driven by the second controllable drive unit 15, are arranged or run within the first drive shafts 32 of the non-locking screw conveyors 11, which are driven by the first controllable drive unit 14, and thus in the interior of the non-locking screw conveyors 11. Furthermore, the third drive shafts 35 of the non-locking pre-shredding screws 20, which are driven by the third controllable drive unit 21, are arranged within the second drive shafts 33 of the locking screw conveyors 13 and thus run through both the non-locking screw conveyors 11 and the locking screw conveyors 13 of the device 1.

The processed material transported by the blocking screw conveyors 13 in the conveying direction 12 reaches the pre-shredding area 7. In this pre-shredding area 7, for example, non-locking pre-shredding screws 20 rotating at a speed n ₃ are arranged in pairs for pre-shredding the processed material. Alternatively, only one non-locking pre-shredding screw 20 rotating at a speed n ₃ can be arranged. The task of these non-blocking pre-shredding screws 20 is, on the one hand, to pre-shred the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area 7 and, on the other hand, to compress the pre-shredded material to be processed directly in the transition area between the pre-shredding area 7 and the cutting area 8, whereby the pre-shredded material to be processed is exposed to pressure and a so-called working pressure of the pre-shredded material to be processed immediately in front of a perforated disk 22 having openings arranged in the cutting area 8.

Another possibility is to design the conveying process in the conveying direction 12 only with a non-locking pre-shredding screw 20 coupled to the blocking conveyor screws 13 in an exchangeable screw housing equipped with support elements as a pre-shredding area 7 with possible backflow without its own drive. In this case, the quantity output is determined via the non-blocking screw conveyors 11 and the transition area 5, which influence the degree of filling of the blocking screw conveyors 13. This conveying process option is used for soft processed goods where no temperature-related material strength exists or is to be expected.

At least one pressure sensor 23 is arranged in the pre-shredding area 7, by means of which the current working pressure of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area 7 is measured. It can also be provided that a temperature sensor is arranged in the pre-shredding area 7, which detects the temperature of the pre-shredded processing material in the pre-shredding area 7.

The measured values of the working pressure and/or the temperature of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area 7 are used to determine the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ of the paired, non-locking screw conveyors 11 in the receiving area 3, the paired, locking screw conveyors 13 in the transport area 6 as well the paired, non-locking pre-shredding screws 20 in the pre-shredding area 7 must be coordinated with one another in order to regulate the working pressure and / or the temperature of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area 7. For this purpose, for example, the currently measured working pressure is compared with a pressure specification value and, if a deviation occurs whose amount exceeds a predetermined tolerance threshold, the speed n ₃ is changed, for example. In this way, for example, the working pressure can be increased by increasing the speed n ₃ and the working pressure can be reduced by reducing the speed n ₃ . Alternatively, the speed n ₁ can be changed, for example. In this way, for example, by increasing the speed n ₁ of the non-locking screw conveyors 11 in the receiving area 3, more processing material can be drawn in and transported in the conveying direction 12, with the increased amount of processing material conveyed into the pre-shredding area 7 increasing the working pressure in the pre-shredding area 7 and vice versa.

The cutting unit 24 arranged in the cutting area 8 comprises at least one perforated disk 22 having several openings and a rotating knife 25. Alternatively, several perforated disks 22, each with an associated rotating knife 25, can be arranged one after the other in the cutting unit 24, which is in the 1 is not shown. The rotating knife 25 of the cutting unit 24 can, for example, rotate at the speed n ₃ . For this purpose, the knife 25 is arranged on a third drive shaft 35 belonging to the first axis 27 or the second axis 28, which is connected to the third controllable drive unit 21.

After the cutting area 8, the output area 9 is arranged in the device 1 according to the invention. This output area 9 has an output opening 10 through which the processed material comminuted in the cutting area 8 is removed from the device 1.

In the example of 1 It is also provided that the pairs of non-locking screw conveyors 11, the pairs of locking screw conveyors 13 and the pairs of non-locking pre-shredding screws 20 are arranged on two axes 27 and 28 aligned parallel to one another in the device 1. Here, a first non-locking screw conveyor 11, a first locking screw conveyor 13 and a first non-locking pre-shredding screw 20 are arranged on a first common axis 27 or rotation axis, with a second non-locking screw conveyor 11, a second locking screw conveyor 13 and a second non-locking pre-shredding screw 20 on a second common axis 28 or rotation axis are arranged. In the 1 the axes 27 and 28 are not shown.

The first controllable drive unit 14 transmits a rotary movement of the drive motor via a toothed belt 30, chains or similar means to a worm gear 31, which is connected to two first drive shafts 32. These first drive shafts 32 are intended to transmit a rotary movement to the non-locking screw conveyors 11. The worm gear 31 typically has a ratio of 1:14.5. A suitable power for the first controllable drive unit 14 of the non-locking screw conveyors 11 in the receiving area 3 is 15 kW at a nominal speed of 1485 revolutions per minute.

The locking screw conveyors 13 arranged in pairs drive in the transport area 6 via second drive shafts 33. The second drive shafts 33 are connected to the drive motor of the second controllable drive unit 15 via a multi-stage toothed belt drive 34. A suitable power for the second controllable drive unit 15 is 22 kW at a nominal speed of 750 revolutions per minute.

The paired, non-locking pre-shredding screws 20 in the pre-shredding area 7 drive via third drive shafts 35. For this purpose, the third drive shafts 35 are connected to the drive motor of the third controllable drive unit 21.

Since the drive shafts 32, 33 and 35 run into one another or are arranged on both the first axis 27 and the second axis 28, the various screws 11, 13 and 20 arranged in pairs can be operated at different speeds n ₁ , n ₂ and n ₃ become.

It is envisaged that the at least one rotating knife 25 of the cutting unit 24 arranged in the cutting area 8 is arranged connected to one of the two third drive shafts 35. Thus, the rotating knife 25 in the cutting unit 24 is set in rotation or a rotary movement by the drive motor of the third controllable drive unit 21.

In the 2 the blocking screw conveyors 13 according to the invention, arranged in pairs, in the housing 2 of the device 1 are shown in a sectional view.

The sectional view shows the transport area 6 of the device 1. The conveyor housing 16 can be seen in the housing 2. By arranging the pairs of blocking screw conveyors 13 in the conveyor housing 16 in the transport area 6, the dynamic storage system is formed, in which the outer surfaces 18 of the winding boundaries 17 of the blocking screw conveyors 13 correspond to those surrounding the outer surfaces 18 of the winding boundaries 17 of the blocking screw conveyors 13 Conveyor housing 16 are executed. Here, the outer surfaces 18 of the winding boundaries 17 with the conveyor housing 16 form a plain bearing with the functions described here in a non-typical technical form.

The material to be processed is transported in the free spaces formed by the interlocking, twisted boundaries 17 of the locking screw conveyors 13, which are referred to as winding passages 19. A shaft seal 29 is formed between the pairs of locking screw conveyors 13.

In the 2 It can be seen that a first blocking screw conveyor 13 of the pairs of blocking screw conveyors 13 is arranged on a first axis 27 and a second blocking screw conveyor 13 of the pairs of blocking screw conveyors 13 is arranged on a second axis 28. Here, the axes 27 and 28 run parallel to one another in a longitudinal extension of the device 1.

In the 3 the non-blocking conveyor screws 11 according to the invention arranged in pairs in the receiving area 3 with the receiving opening 4, the blocking screw conveyors 13 arranged in pairs with the transport area 6 and the non-blocking pre-shredding screws 20 arranged in pairs in the pre-shredding area 7 are shown without the housing 2 and without the conveyor housing 16.

Also clearly visible are the winding boundaries 17 with the outer surfaces 18 and the winding passages 18 of the locking conveyor screws 13 arranged in pairs, as well as the respective arrangement of the screws on the first axis 27 and the second axis 28.

In the right area of the 3 Narrow screw elements are shown, which serve as intrusion protection for the adjacent gear or other power transmission elements of the device 1 not listed here against penetration of the material to be processed from the receiving area 3 with a destructive effect, for example into the gear.

The 4 shows a section of the transport area 6 and the pre-shredding area 7 of the device 1 for conveying and shredding processed goods. In the transport area 6, the locking screw conveyors 13 arranged in pairs, which are arranged on the first axis 27 and on the second axis 28 or rotate about these axes 27 and 28, are shown. In the example, in the pre-shredding area 7 of the device 1 4 only one non-blocking pre-shredding screw 20 is arranged. Variants in which the non-blocking pre-shredding screws 20 are arranged in pairs are also possible.

The cutting area 8 arranged in the conveying direction 12 after the pre-shredding area 7 is shown without the cutting unit 24 with at least one perforated disk 22 arranged and at least one rotating knife 25. The fact that the pairs of locking screw conveyors 13 surround the conveyor housing 16 in the housing 2 of the device 1 is to simplify the process 4 also not shown explicitly.

List of reference symbols

1

Device for conveying and crushing processed goods

2

Housing

3

Recording area

4

Recording opening

5

Transition area

6

Transportation area

7

Pre-shredding area

8th

cutting area

9

Output area

10

Dispensing opening

11

non-blocking screw conveyors

12

Direction of conveyance

13

blocking screw conveyors

14

first controllable drive unit

15

second adjustable drive unit

16

conveyor housing

17

winding boundaries

18

external surface

19

winding corridors

20

non-blocking pre-shredding screws

21

third adjustable drive unit

22

Perforated disc

23

Pressure sensor

24

cutting unit

25

rotating knife

26

coupling

27

first axis

28

second axis

29

Shaft sealing

30

timing belt

31

worm gear

32

first drive shafts

33

second drive shafts

34

Timing belt transmission

35

third drive shafts

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102011008389 A1 [0010]
• DE 102017003406 B4 [0017]
• DE 202006001840 U1 [0017]

Claims (12)

Device (1) for conveying and shredding processed goods, comprising - a housing (2) which has a receiving area (3) with a receiving opening (4) for feeding the processed goods into the device (1), a transition area (5). Transport area (6), a pre-shredding area (7), a cutting area (8) and an output area (9) with an output opening (10) for removing a processed material that has been comminuted in the cutting area (8), - rotating in pairs at a speed n ₁ , im Non-locking screw conveyors (11) arranged in the receiving area (3) for receiving and transporting the material to be processed from the receiving area (3) in a conveying direction (12), - blocking screw conveyors (13) rotating in pairs at a speed n ₂ and arranged in the transport area (6). ) for further transport of the material to be processed in the conveying direction (12), - at least one non-locking pre-shredding screw (20) rotating at a speed n ₃ and arranged in the pre-shredding area (7) for pre-shredding the material to be processed and to generate a working pressure, - one in the pre-shredding area (7 ) arranged pressure sensor (23) for measuring a working pressure of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area (7) and - a cutting unit (24) arranged in the cutting area (8) for comminuting the material to be processed. Device (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the housing (2) in the transport area (6) has a conveyor housing (16) which correspondingly encloses the pairs of blocking conveyor screws (13) and forms a sliding bearing, with outer surfaces (18) of winding boundaries (17) of the blocking Screw conveyors (13) are slidably arranged on the conveyor housing (16). Device (1) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that at least the winding boundaries (17) of the blocking screw conveyors (13) and the conveyor housing (16) are made of plastic, in particular polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyethylene. Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the non-locking screw conveyors (11) arranged in pairs are connected to a first controllable drive unit (14) via first drive shafts (32), and the locking screw conveyors (13) arranged in pairs are connected to a first drive shaft (33) via second drive shafts (33). second controllable drive unit (15) are arranged connected and that the at least one non-locking pre-shredding screw (20) is arranged connected to a third controllable drive unit (21) via a third drive shaft (35). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the pairs of non-locking screw conveyors (11) are arranged connected to a first controllable drive unit (14) via first drive shafts (32) and that the pairs of locking screw conveyors (13) and the at least one non-locking pre-shredding screw (20 ) are arranged connected to a second controllable drive unit (15) via second drive shafts (33). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that a temperature sensor for determining a temperature of the material to be processed in the pre-shredding area (7) is arranged in the pre-shredding area (7). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that a cutting unit (24) is arranged in the cutting area (8), which has at least one perforated disk (22) having several openings and at least one rotating knife (25) associated with the perforated disk (22), the rotating knife ( 25) is connected to one of the third shafts (35) for transmitting a rotary movement to the rotating knife (25). Method for conveying and shredding processed goods in a device (1) for conveying and shredding processed goods according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 , comprising the following steps, a) feeding a processed material to be conveyed and comminuted into a receiving area (3) via a receiving opening (4), b) feeding the processed material to be comminuted into non-locking screw conveyors (11) rotating in pairs at a speed n ₁ Receiving area (3) and transport of the processed goods in a foer the device (12), c) transfer of the processed material in the conveying direction (12) to a transport area (6), d) transport of the processed material to be shredded through the transport area (6) by means of blocking screw conveyors (13) rotating in pairs at a speed n ₂ in the conveying direction (12) into a pre-shredding area (7) without backflow of the processed material within the transport area (6), e) generating a working pressure acting on the processed material to be shredded in the conveying direction (12) in a pre-shredding area (7) in front of a cutting area ( _and by means of at least one rotating knife (25) arranged in the cutting area (8) and belonging to the perforated disk (22), g) removal of the shredded material to be processed via an output opening (10) of an output area (9), h) measuring an effect on the material to be processed current working pressure in the pre-shredding area (7), i) comparing the measured current working pressure with a pressure specification value and determining a deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value and j) when determining an amount of the deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value is above a predetermined tolerance threshold at least one of the speeds n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ is changed to reach the pressure specification value in the pre-shredding area (7). Procedure according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the amount of processed material transported in the conveying direction (12) is regulated by regulating the speed n ₁ , where n ₁ > n ₂ and/or n ₁ > n ₃ . Procedure according to Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that when determining an amount of a deviation between the current working pressure and the pressure specification value above a predetermined tolerance threshold of 10%, the speed n ₂ or the speed n ₃ is regulated in order to achieve the pressure specification value. Procedure according to one of the Claims 8 until 10 , characterized in that a dynamic storage system is provided in the transport area (6) of a device (1) in that a conveyor housing (16) correspondingly enclosing a pair of locking screw conveyors (13) arranged in pairs is provided in the transport area (6), with outer surfaces ( 18) of winding boundaries (17) of the blocking screw conveyors (13) are provided in a sliding manner against the conveyor housing (16) during a rotational movement of the blocking screw conveyors (13) and thus form a plain bearing. Procedure according to one of the Claims 8 until 11 , characterized in that non-locking screw conveyors (11) arranged in pairs are driven via first drive shafts (32) by a first controllable drive unit (14) at a speed n ₁ , that the locking screw conveyors (13) arranged in pairs are driven via second drive shafts (33 ) are driven by a second controllable drive unit (15) at a speed n ₂ and that the at least one non-locking pre-shredding screw (20) is driven via a third drive shaft (35) by a third controllable drive unit (21) at a speed n ₃ .

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