DE102022124773A1 - Device for temperature control of a vehicle battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (1) for controlling the temperature of a vehicle battery (100), preferably a primary energy battery (100) of an electric vehicle comprising several battery modules (2), comprising an upper unit (4) which is designed for thermally connecting the device (1). to at least one battery module (2), and a lower unit (6), the upper unit and the lower unit forming a flow space (8) through which a temperature control fluid can flow and delimited by an outer wall (30), the flow space (8) having an inlet (10 ) for admitting a main flow (13) of the temperature control fluid and an outlet (12) for letting out the main flow (13), and a separating area (14) which has a separating web (16) arranged between the inlet (10) and the outlet (12). comprises, wherein the separating web (16) terminates at a first end (16a) with the outer wall (30) and at a second end (16b) connects to a deflection area (18), the deflection area (18) for the direction-reversing deflection of the Main flow (13) is formed and has a turbulator arrangement (20).

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery and a method for producing a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery.

State of the art

When using vehicle batteries designed as high-voltage batteries to provide energy for a vehicle's primary drive, as is the case with land-powered electric vehicles, it is known to control the temperature of the battery cells of the vehicle battery. For the safe use and efficient operation of high-voltage batteries, it is particularly important to dissipate the waste heat that occurs in the battery cells during operation, i.e. when charging or discharging the battery. In addition, heating up the battery cells is often necessary in cold ambient conditions.

The dissipation of power loss or the supply of heating power is usually achieved constructively by connecting the battery cells to a temperature control surface. Structurally, for example, a battery module comprising several battery cells can be equipped with a temperature control device, which provides the temperature control surface for the battery cells.

In particular, plate-shaped temperature control devices come into consideration for this, which are designed, for example, as plate-shaped heat exchangers and are formed from two profiled sheets joined together. The sheets are usually connected to one another in a pressure-tight manner, for example by brazing, laser welding and/or gluing. Such plate-shaped heat exchangers often have a very narrow and long flow channel, which extends in a serpentine or meandering manner over the plate-shaped heat exchanger or along the temperature control surface. The disadvantage of such an arrangement is that the flow is subject to high pressure losses, the temperature control medium changes its temperature along the flow channel and long joint seams are required.

Presentation of the invention

Based on the known prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved device for temperature control of a vehicle battery and an improved method for producing a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery.

The task is solved by a device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims, the description and the figures.

Accordingly, a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery, preferably a primary energy battery of an electric vehicle comprising a plurality of battery modules, is proposed, comprising an upper unit which is designed for thermally connecting the device to at least one battery module, and a lower unit, wherein the upper unit and the lower unit have one Form a flow space through which temperature control fluid can flow and which is delimited by an outer wall. The flow space includes an inlet for admitting a main flow of the temperature control fluid and an outlet for letting out the main flow. The flow space further comprises a separating region which has a separating web arranged between the inlet and the outlet, wherein the separating web terminates with the outer wall at a first end and adjoins a deflection region at a second end, wherein the deflection region is designed for reversing the direction of the main flow . The deflection area also has a turbulator arrangement.

In the present context, with regard to the spatial arrangement of the upper unit to the lower unit in a vehicle-mounted state of the device, the term "lower" or "bottom" can mean "towards the road" or "in the direction of gravity" and "upper" or "top" can mean " “towards the vehicle roof” or “against the direction of gravity”. The spatial arrangement can also only be understood relative to one another, so that “lower” and “upper” simply mean arranged opposite one another.

Because the separating web is arranged between the inlet and the outlet and terminates at a first end with the outer wall and at a second end connects to the deflection region, the separating region can be provided in the flow space in which the main flow on the inlet side of the Main flow is separated on the outlet side.

In the present case, the term “separation area” is to be understood to mean that in the separation area in an active operating state of the device - hereinafter referred to as “in operation” - the inlet-side main flow flowing in via the inlet is separated from the outlet-side main flow flowing out of the Flow space. The operation is usually stationary, so that the incoming main flow and the outgoing main flow have the same throughput, i.e. are equal in magnitude.

In other words, the “being separated” of the inlet-side and outlet-side main flow in the separation region is characterized by the fact that in the separation region the direction of the inlet-side main flow does not influence the direction of the outlet-side main flow. In other words, in the separation region, the main flow on the inlet side can flow independently of the main flow on the outlet side with regard to its direction.

Essentially, the separating area can extend between the inlet, the outlet and the first and second ends of the separating web. The first end of the divider can end with the outer wall. This means that the first end of the divider can rest on the outer wall. In other words, the divider can merge into the outer wall at its first end or be formed integrally with it. In this way, a fluid-tight connection can be provided between the separating web and the outer wall.

The second end of the divider connects to the deflection area. The divider thus extends from the outer wall to the deflection area. In this way, the separating area is delimited by the outer wall surrounding the inlet and outlet and essentially ends on an imaginary line running through the second end of the separating web, which can in particular be a straight line perpendicular to the outer wall.

Because the deflection area has a turbulator arrangement, a particularly effective and/or efficient deflection of a fluid flow of the temperature control fluid - hereinafter referred to as “fluid” or “fluid flow” - can be provided during operation.

“Effective” means that during operation in the deflection area, a desired heat transfer can be achieved with the help of the turbulator arrangement, while at the same time the direction of the fluid flow is reversed. Furthermore, “efficient” means that the pressure loss occurring in the deflection area or during the deflection is relatively low, that is, in relation to the existing heat transfer performance or in relation to known devices.

In particular, the fluid flow can be deflected, redirected or swirled in the deflection area by means of the turbulator arrangement, so that local, turbulent fluid flows result, which improve the heat transfer and enable a more homogeneous heat transfer in the deflection area. Because the inlet-side main flow can flow out of the separation area in a directed manner into the deflection area by means of the separation web, it can be achieved that the local, turbulent fluid flows in the deflection area move in the direction of the outlet.

Furthermore, so-called dead areas in which the fluid flow is reduced can be avoided by means of the turbulator arrangement in the deflection area, so that the heat transfer becomes uneven or its absolute value deteriorates. In other words, the desired flow occurs in the entire deflection area by means of the turbulator arrangement, so that the heat transfer in the deflection area is particularly uniform.

In the course of the present invention, it was recognized that a particularly homogeneous or evenly distributed heat transfer in the flow space can be achieved using the proposed turbulator arrangement, while at the same time a global flow velocity of the main flow can be kept comparatively low. This allows operation with a comparatively low flow pressure, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the device. In the present context, the term “global flow velocity of the main flow” means a quantity that corresponds to the fluid throughput of the device in stationary operation. In contrast, local flows are referred to here when the focus is on local flow phenomena such as deflections, deflections and turbulences, which achieve direct local effects and only indirectly influence the fluid throughput.

Furthermore, it was recognized that with the help of the proposed turbulator arrangement, additional webs can be dispensed with, so that the main flow can only be restrictively specified by the outer contour of the flow space and the proposed separating web, while the local turbulence, which can in particular ensure a homogeneous heat transfer, can be determined by means of the turbulator arrangement can be provided. In order to provide a fluid-tight flow space, the subunit can therefore only be joined to a single web, that is to say the separating web, and to the outer wall of the flow space. In this way, a joining seam length can be significantly reduced compared to the prior art.

In addition, the turbulator arrangement can be used to increase the heat-transferring surface of the flow space, thereby further improving the heat transfer.

Furthermore, the separator can rest on an underside of the upper unit and on an upper side of the lower unit. In other words, the separating web can rest on opposite flow space inner surfaces of the upper and lower units, in particular be joined in a fluid-tight manner. In this way, robust fluid-tightness of the separating web between the inlet side and the outlet side can be provided in the separation area.

According to a further development, the flow space can comprise a deflection web which extends from the separation area on the inlet side via the deflection area into the separation area on the outlet side. The deflection web can thus divide the main flow on the inlet side into two partial flows, then lead it through the deflection area and then bring it together again in the separation area on the outlet side. In this way, a simple, robust and efficient deflection can be provided.

The deflection web can be designed in particular to deflect the main flow by 180° during operation. For this purpose, the deflection web can, for example, be essentially U-shaped.

Furthermore, the deflection web can have a passage opening in the deflection area. Thus, in the deflection area, a targeted mixing of the first partial flow, that is to say a flow on the inside of the curve, with the second partial flow, that is to say a flow on the outside of the curve, can be generated. In this way, turbulences can be generated in the deflection area, for example in order to specifically reduce dead areas and/or to homogenize the heat transfer.

The flow space can comprise an inlet-side flow guide web, which is essentially provided on the inlet side of the separating web and essentially extends from the separating region to the deflection region. In other words, a first end of the inlet-side flow guide web can connect to the separation region or be arranged on the inlet side in the separation region, while a second end of the inlet-side flow guide web can be arranged in the deflection region, in particular on the inlet side. Because the inlet-side flow guide web can be arranged in such a way that its first end adjoins the separation area on the inlet side, the inlet-side main flow can be divided in the deflection area, in particular into an inner and an outer partial flow. At the same time, an external flow cross-section of the external partial flow can be specifically set by means of the geometry and/or arrangement of the inlet-side flow guide web in relation to the outer wall.

It can be provided that a first outer flow cross-section between the inlet-side flow guide web and the outer wall tapers in the direction of flow. The outer partial flow can thus be accelerated towards a second end of the deflection region, wherein the second end of the deflection region can be arranged opposite to a first end of the deflection region, which adjoins the separation region. In this way, the region of the second end of the deflection region can be easily flowed through. In particular, dead areas in the deflection region can thus be avoided.

The flow space can comprise an outlet-side flow guide web, which is provided essentially on the outlet side of the separating web and essentially extends from the deflection region into the separating region. In other words, a first end of the outlet-side flow guide web can be arranged in the separation region, in particular on the outlet side, while a second end of the outlet-side flow guide web can connect to the separation region on the outlet side or can be arranged on the outlet side in the separation region.

Because the outlet-side flow guide web can be arranged in such a way that its second end connects to the separation region on the outlet side or that its second end can be arranged on the outlet side in the separation region, deflected partial flows from the deflection region can be merged on the outlet side to form a main flow on the outlet side. In particular, an inner and an outer deflected partial flow can be brought together. Furthermore, an external flow cross section of the outer deflected partial flow can be specifically adjusted by means of the geometry and/or arrangement of the outlet-side flow guide web in relation to the outer wall.

It can be provided that a second outer flow cross section tapers in the flow direction between the outlet-side flow guide web and the outer wall. The external, diverted partial flow can thus be accelerated towards the outlet.

The fact that the second end of the outlet-side flow guide web is within the flow space, more precisely from the outside Wall can be spaced apart, the accelerated outer deflected partial flow in the area of the second end of the outlet-side flow guide web can cause a suction effect on the corresponding inner deflected partial flow, for example according to the action of a Venturi nozzle. The outer deflected partial flow can thus influence the inner deflected partial flow in an advantageous manner. In particular, dead areas of the inner, diverted partial flow in the area of the outlet can be reduced.

In this way, an adjacent area around the second end of the outlet-side flow guide web can be easily flowed through. This means that dead areas in particular in the separation area on the outlet side can be reduced.

The deflection area can have a mixing area adjacent to the separation area, wherein the device can be set up so that during operation in the mixing area a flow mixes with a return flow, wherein during operation the flow is present on the inlet side of the separating web, directed in the first main flow direction is and extends from the separation area into the deflection area, and wherein the return flow is present on the outlet side of the separation web, is directed in the second main flow direction opposite to the first main flow direction and extends from the deflection area into the separation area.

The mixing area can be provided in that, on the one hand, the separating web connects to the deflection area and thus to the mixing area and, on the other hand, through flow guide elements provided in the deflection area, in particular in the form of the turbulator arrangement or through the inlet-side and/or outlet-side flow guide web and/or through the geometry or curvature of the outer wall.

Mixing in the mixing area can be achieved by superimposing the opposing flows in the form of the forward flow and the return flow with the local flow deflections, which can be provided by the turbulator arrangement.

In the present case, mixing is understood to mean that - for example in the case that the device is operated as a cooling device - parts of a cold flow are absorbed by a heated backflow.

By mixing the heated backflow with the cooler flow, the backflow can be cooled, so that the heat transfer can be improved in the further flow of the now cooled backflow. In particular, the uniformity of the heat transfer in the flow space can be improved in this way.

The above consideration applies analogously in the case of a heating device.

The divider can have a divider arch shape, wherein the divider can have a divider curvature radius parameter of greater than 2, preferably greater than 3, particularly preferably greater than 5, the divider curvature radius characteristic resulting from the quotient formed by the curve radius of the divider. Arch shape divided by the width of the flow space. In the present case, “curve radius” is understood to mean the radius of the circle that has the longest line in common with the divider arch shape or curvature of the divider.

To put it simply, the separating web can at least partially describe an arc which has a very large curve radius in relation to the width of the flow channel. In other words, the separator can have a relatively small curvature. By means of its low curvature, the separating web can, on the one hand, redirect the main flow flowing into the flow space, with dead areas and/or high pressure losses in the area of the inlet being able to be reduced by means of the low curvature. On the other hand, the separating web can in this way guide the incoming main flow in a targeted manner into the first main flow direction, so that the main flow on the inlet side can flow in a directed manner into the deflection area.

The inlet-side flow guide web can have a flow guide web curvature radius characteristic value of greater than 0.3, preferably greater than 0.45, particularly preferably greater than 0.65, the flow guide web curvature radius characteristic value resulting from the quotient formed by the curve radius of the inlet-side flow guide web divided by Width of the flow space.

Additionally or alternatively, the outlet-side flow guide web can have a further flow guide web curvature radius characteristic value of greater than 0.3, preferably greater than 0.45, particularly preferably greater than 0.65, the further flow guide web curvature radius characteristic value resulting from the quotient formed by the curve radius of the outlet-side flow guide divided by the width of the flow space.

For the sake of simplicity, the curve radius of the inlet-side flow guide web will be discussed below. A consideration for the second flow guide web results in an analogous manner.

Because the inlet-side flow guide web can extend into the deflection area and has a small curvature compared to the width of the flow space, an outlet-side end area in the deflection area can be targeted by flow. In this way, dead areas can be reduced and/or the heat transfer can be made more uniform. Because the turbulator arrangement is also provided in the deflection region, an effective deflection in the direction of the second main flow direction can be provided by means of this in the outlet-side end region of the deflection region.

A minimum tangent angle from the inlet-side flow guide web can be greater than 95°, preferably greater than 105°, particularly preferably greater than 115°, the minimum tangent angle being defined as an angle between an input tangent and an output tangent, the input tangent being parallel to an input flow is on the inlet-side flow guide web and the output tangent is parallel to an output flow on the inlet-side flow guide web. This means that flow can be directed towards an outlet-side end region in the deflection region. In this way, dead areas can be reduced and/or the heat transfer can be made more uniform.

Additionally or alternatively, a further minimum tangent angle from the outlet-side flow guide web can be greater than 95°, preferably greater than 105°, particularly preferably greater than 115°, the further minimum tangent angle being defined as an angle between a further input tangent and a further output tangent, wherein the further input tangent is parallel to a further input flow on the outlet-side flow guide web and the further output tangent is parallel to a further output flow on the outlet-side flow guide web.

The turbulator arrangement can have a plurality of first turbulator elements and a plurality of second turbulator elements, which are arranged alternately and/or offset from one another, wherein in particular the first and/or second turbulator elements can be provided in the form of dimples. The dimples can be provided in the form of dimples projecting into the flow space and/or dimples projecting out of the flow space.

By means of an alternating and/or offset arrangement, a total number of turbulator elements can be increased. On the other hand, the deflection effect of the turbulator elements can be increased.

In this context, dimples are understood to mean elevations or depressions in a plane, in particular elevations or depressions in a plate or sheet produced by means of pressing or embossing.

As a result, a large number of turbulator elements can be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner by means of the dimples, which further increase the heat-transferring surface.

The first turbulator elements may have a first size and the second turbulator elements may have a second size that is different from the first size. In this way, the arrangement density of the turbulator elements can be further increased.

The upper unit can have a receiving space that is set up to accommodate the at least one battery module. The upper unit can be formed essentially from an aluminum material, for example essentially from a die-cast aluminum material. In other words, the upper unit can consist of a significant proportion of the aluminum material, but can also contain small proportions of other materials. Because the upper unit can be formed essentially from an aluminum material, the upper unit can provide a temperature control surface for battery cells of the battery module. Furthermore, the upper unit or the receiving space can be manufactured particularly inexpensively and easily in this way.

Furthermore, the fact that the at least one battery module can be accommodated in the receiving space of the upper unit and the flow space is arranged between the upper unit and the lower unit can reduce the risk that in the event of a collision of a vehicle comprising the device, the fluid in flows through the receiving space and acts on at least one battery module.

The lower unit can have a closure plate and the upper unit can have a base plate providing the underside, with a base plate wall thickness being greater, in particular by at least a factor of 1.5, than a closure plate wall thickness of the lower unit. Therefore, the above-mentioned risk can be the beauf Hitting a battery module with fluid in the event of a collision can be further reduced.

In the present case, floor slab wall thickness or closure plate wall thickness is understood to mean a wall thickness in accordance with the design, i.e. an average wall thickness without taking into account outliers or special design features. In particular, this refers to the minimum design wall thickness.

The lower unit can have a predetermined breaking point which is designed to deform and/or break in a critical load state, wherein the upper unit, in particular the base plate, is designed to be dimensionally stable and/or fluid-tight in the critical load state. In this way, the above-mentioned risk of fluid being applied to a battery module in the event of a collision can be further reduced.

The floor plate can have a robust and fluid-tight membrane that remains fluid-tight in the event of a collision, even if the floor plate breaks and / or deforms.

The predetermined breaking point of the subunit can be provided, for example, by means of a corresponding design of the joint on the outer wall or by means of a corresponding design of the closure plate, in particular by means of a material taper and/or a corresponding design of the cross section.

The turbulator arrangement can extend over the entire flow space. In this way, the turbulator elements can be used specifically to generate local turbulence.

The device cannot comprise more than two webs, in particular not more than three webs. In this way the length of the joint seam can be reduced.

The inlet and/or the outlet can be arranged essentially within a main plane of extension of the flow space, wherein in particular the inlet can be designed such that an inlet flow flows within the main plane of extension of the flow space, and/or in particular the outlet is designed such that a Outlet flow flows within the main plane of extent of the flow space. In this way, a particularly effective inflow or outflow can be achieved. Furthermore, the geometry of the webs can be tailored specifically to the inlet or outlet.

It can be provided that no more than one deflection means arranged within the flow space is provided for a 180° deflection, in particular for a continuous 180° deflection, of the main flow. In this way, the pressure loss can be reduced over an entire flow path length.

Additionally or alternatively, the device can be designed such that an average flow path length of the main flow within the flow space is less than the flow space circumference, in particular less than 1.1 times to 1.5 times the flow space circumference. In this way, the pressure loss can be reduced over the entire flow path length.

The above task is further solved by a vehicle battery with the features of claim 16, which comprises the device described above.

The above object is further achieved by a method for producing a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery with the features of claim 17. Advantageous developments of the method result from the present description and the figures.

Accordingly, a method for producing a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery is proposed, comprising the steps of providing an upper unit comprising an outer wall and providing a lower unit, wherein the upper unit and / or which has at least one web around which flow can flow within the flow space and joining the upper unit the lower unit by means of friction welding, in particular orbital friction welding or friction stir welding, the outer wall being joined to the lower unit, the at least one web being joined to the lower unit and/or to the upper unit.

The web can be in the form of the previously described separating web, deflection web, inlet-side/outlet-side flow guide web or in the form of a further web component. The web can be the same height as the outer wall.

By means of friction welding, a reduction in the process time can be achieved compared to the laser welding used in the prior art, in particular by means of orbital friction welding.

Furthermore, friction welding makes it possible to dispense with specific process steps, for example the application of the solder, compared to the soldering used in the prior art. Furthermore, the energy expenditure can be significantly reduced compared to soldering, since only the joints are heated and the energy used in the form of frictional heat is used directly and essentially exclusively as productive joining energy.

Short description of the characters

• 1 a eine schematische Querschnittansicht einer Fahrzeugbatterie;
• 1 b eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines Ausschnitts einer Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Temperieren einer Fahrzeugbatterie;
• 2a,b eine schematische Schnittansicht weiterer Ausführungsformen einer Vorrichtung zum Temperieren einer Fahrzeugbatterie;
• 3a-f eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Temperieren einer Fahrzeugbatterie
• 4a-d verschiedene Formen von Turbulatorelementen in einer schematischen Draufsicht im Längsschnitt; und
• 5a-d verschiedene Formen von Turbulatorelementen in einer schematischen Seitenansicht im Querschnitt.

Preferred further embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by the following description of the figures. Show:

• 1 a a schematic cross-sectional view of a vehicle battery;
• 1 b a schematic cross-sectional view of a detail of an embodiment of a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery;
• 2a ,b is a schematic sectional view of further embodiments of a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery;
• 3a -f a schematic view of a further embodiment of a device for temperature control of a vehicle battery
• 4a -d different shapes of turbulator elements in a schematic top view in longitudinal section; and
• 5a -d different shapes of turbulator elements in a schematic side view in cross section.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments

Preferred exemplary embodiments are described below with reference to the figures. The same, similar or identical elements in the different figures are given identical reference numbers, and a repeated description of these elements is partly omitted in order to avoid redundancies.

1a shows schematically a cross-sectional view of a vehicle battery 100 having a device 1 for temperature control of the vehicle battery 100. The device 1 comprises an upper unit 4 having a receiving space 28 in which battery modules 2 are accommodated, which include a plurality of battery cells (not shown). The battery modules 2 are connected to a base plate 5 of the upper unit 4 by means of a temperature control surface (not shown). Below the upper unit 4, a lower unit 6 in the form of a closure plate 7 is attached to an outer wall 30 of the upper unit 4, with a flow space 8 being formed between an underside 4a of the upper unit 4 and the correspondingly opposite upper side 6a of the lower unit 6 and the outer wall 30.

Here, the direction attributes “down” in the direction of gravity and “up” opposite to the direction of gravity in a state in which the device 1 or the vehicle battery 100 is mounted in a vehicle.

In 1b It is shown schematically that a base plate wall thickness 5a is larger, in particular by at least a factor of 1.5 larger, than a closure plate wall thickness 7a of the subunit 6.

In 2a is a further embodiment of a device 1 for temperature control of a vehicle battery 100 shown schematically from below, the subunit not being shown for reasons of illustration. An upper unit 4 has a circumferential outer wall 30 to which a lower unit (not shown) is attached in a fluid-tight manner, so that a flow space 8 is formed between the upper unit 4 and the lower unit. The upper unit 4 also has an inlet 10 for the inflow of a temperature control fluid (hereinafter referred to as “fluid”) into the flow space 8 and an outlet 12 opposite the inlet 10 for the fluid to flow out of the flow space 8. The fluid then leaves the device 1 via an outlet opening 12a. A separating web 16 is arranged between the inlet 10 and the outlet 12, the first end 16a of which is connected to the outer wall 30 between the inlet 10 and outlet 12 on the outer wall 30. Furthermore, the separating web 16 and the outer wall 30 have the same height, so that the separating web 16 extends from the bottom 4a of the upper unit 4 to the top (6a, see 1a) the subunit 6 extends. A separating area 14 extends along the outer wall 30, which ends on an imaginary straight line that is perpendicular to the outer wall 30 and runs through a second end 16b of the separating web 16, which is arranged within the flow space 8.

In the flow space 8, a deflection area 18 is provided adjacent to the separation area 14, wherein the separation area 14 and the deflection area 18 do not overlap and together essentially cover the entire flow space 8. During operation of the device 1, on the inlet side 14a, that is to say on the inlet side of the separating web 16, there is essentially a flow 15a of the fluid in a first main flow direction 13a and on the outlet side 14b, that is to say on the outlet side of the separating web 16, there is essentially a return flow 15b of the fluid in a second main flow direction 13b. The flow 15a extends from the separation area 14 into the deflection area 18 and the return flow 15b extends from the deflection area 18 into the separation area 14. In the deflection area 18, the outer wall 30 is shaped such that the fluid flows from the first main flow direction 13a into the second main flow direction 13b is redirected.

Furthermore, the flow space 8, in particular the deflection area 18, has a turbulator arrangement 20. By means of the turbulator arrangement 20, the deflection and heat transfer can be improved. In the present case, the turbulator arrangement 20 is provided on the underside 4a of the upper unit 4. Additionally or alternatively, the turbulator arrangement 20 can also be provided on the top side 6a of the subunit 6.

In the 2 B The embodiment shown essentially corresponds to that in 2a embodiment shown, wherein in the flow space 8 a deflection web 22 is additionally arranged, which extends from the separation region 14 on the inlet side 14a via the deflection region 18 to the separation region 14 on an outlet side 14b, the deflection web 22 being U-shaped , so that it deflects the main flow by 180° during operation. In the present case, the deflection web 22 is designed as a continuous web. Alternatively, the deflection web 22 can have a passage opening, in particular in the deflection area 18.

The 3a -f show schematic views of a further embodiment of a device 1 for temperature control of a vehicle battery 100. The basic structure essentially corresponds to that in 2a ,b shown embodiment. In the following, repetitions are avoided and the differences are shown.

As in 3a As can be seen, during operation of the device 1, a skin flow 13 flows via an inlet 10 into a flow space 8. A separating web 16 has a slight curvature, so that the inflowing main flow 13 is deflected into the first main flow direction 13a by means of the curvature. By means of the curvature and a turbulator arrangement 20, dead areas in the area of the inlet 10 can be avoided.

A measure of the curvature of the separating web 16 is in 3c shown. The divider 16 has a divider arch shape. A circle with a radius 16c is the circle that has the longest common line with the divider arc shape. A ratio, which is referred to here as the separator curvature radius characteristic value, and results from radius 16c divided by width 8a of the flow space is greater than 5. For example, the radius 16c in the in 3c Example shown is greater than 50 units of length, while the width 8a of the flow space 8 is less than 10 units of length. By means of this slight arc shape or slight curvature of the separator, the main flow 13 can be effectively diverted into the first main flow direction, while dead areas and/or high pressure losses in the area of the inlet 10 can be reduced.

As in 3a As can be seen, the flow space 8 has an inlet-side flow guide web 24, which is arranged essentially on the inlet side 14a of the separating web 16 and extends from the separating region 14 into the deflection region 18. A first end 24a of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 is arranged on the inlet side in the separation region 14, while a second end 24b of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 is arranged on the inlet side in the deflection region 18.

By means of the inlet-side flow guide web 24, the inlet-side main flow 13 is divided into an inner and an outer partial flow in the deflection region 18. At the same time, by means of the geometry and arrangement of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 in relation to the outer wall 30, an external flow cross-section of the outer partial flow is specifically set in such a way that it tapers in the direction of flow. In this way, the external partial flow can be accelerated. In particular, the inlet-side flow guide web 24 has a slight S-shape with two opposing arc shapes in order to provide, on the one hand, the cross-sectional taper and, on the other hand, a curvature that deflects the inner partial flow. By accelerating the external partial flow, dead areas in the inlet end region of the deflection region 18 can be avoided.

As in 3b As can be seen, the deflection area 18 has a mixing area 15 adjacent to the separation area 14. By means of the disclosed arrangement, the flow 15a mixes with the return flow 15b in the mixing area 15.

The mixing area 15 is provided by the separating web 16 adjoining the deflection area 18 and thus the mixing area 15. In particular, in the area of the second end 16b of the separating web 16, a direct mixing 15c of cold flow 15a with warm return flow 15b takes place, so that the return flow directly takes parts of the cold flow 15a with it, so that in particular the inner partial flow on the outlet side 14b benefits from the mixing. Furthermore, the flow 15a and the counterflow 15b overlap with local flow deflections in the mixing area 15 and can form vortices 15d.

A measure of the curvature of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 is in 3d shown. The inlet-side flow guide web 24 has a clear curvature in the form of a flow guide web arch shape in the area of its second end 24b. A circle 24d with a radius 24c is the circle that has the longest common line with the flow guide web arc shape or curvature of the inlet side flow guide web 24. A ratio, which is referred to here as the flow guide web curvature radius characteristic value, and results from radius 24c divided by width 8a of the flow space 8 is greater than 0.65. For example, the radius is 24c in the in 3c Example shown has 5 units of length, while the corresponding arc of the outer wall 30 has a radius of less than 3 units of length. In other words, the curvature of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 is clear, but comparatively small.

Because the inlet-side flow guide web 24 has a comparatively small curvature, an outlet-side end region in the deflection region 18 can be targeted by flow. In this way, dead areas can be reduced and/or the heat transfer can be made more uniform.

Another measure for the contour of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 is in 3e shown. A minimum tangent angle 25 of the inlet-side flow guide web 24 is greater than 115°. In the present case, the minimum tangent angle 25 is defined as an angle 25 between an input tangent 25a and an output tangent 25b, the input tangent 25a being substantially parallel to an input flow at the inlet-side flow guide web 24 and the output tangent 25b being substantially parallel to an output flow at the inlet-side Flow guide web 24 is. The flow can thus flow specifically to an outlet-side end region in the deflection region 18. In this way, dead areas can be reduced and/or the heat transfer can be made more uniform.

3f shows exemplary flow paths 13c, d of a main flow 13. How 3f can be seen, an average flow path length 13c, d of the main flow within the flow space 8 is less than the flow space circumference defined by the outer wall 30, in particular less than 1.1 times to 1.5 times the flow space circumference. In other words, according to the present disclosure, a required heat transfer can be achieved while the average flow path length 13c,d required for this is comparatively small. In contrast, the meandering or serpentine plate heat exchangers known in the prior art have a very large flow path length based on the flow space circumference or the flow space base area. In this case, the pressure loss over the entire flow path length can therefore be significantly reduced compared to the prior art.

In the 4a -d, schematic longitudinal section views of various embodiments of the turbulator elements 20a, b are shown in a top view, the main flow direction of the fluid being indicated by reference number 13.

The turbulator elements 20a, b differ in terms of the shape of their cross sections, their length, their width and their fluid dynamic resistance, and therefore their drag coefficient. Furthermore, they differ in terms of their shape in terms of the type and extent of influencing the flow conditions. This is how the turbulator element 20a, b generates 4c For example, due to its abruptly ending rear side perpendicular to the main flow direction 13, comparatively strong turbulence and / or a comparatively strong flow separation downstream of the turbulator element, whereas the turbulator element 20a, b in 4d introduces comparatively low turbulence into the fluid due to its streamlined outlet on the downstream section of the turbulator element. Depending on the flow conditions, a streamlined turbulator element 20a, b can even prevent a laminar flow from breaking off and, for example, merely redirect the fluid flowing along the turbulator element 20a, b. This means that in particular those in 4a and 4d Turbulator elements shown can be used as deflection elements in the appropriate orientation.

In the 5a -d shows schematic detailed sectional views of the turbulator elements 20a, b perpendicular to the main extension plane of the flow space 8, where 5c a dimple 21a projecting into the flow space 8 and 5d shows a dimple 21b protruding from the flow space 8.

In general, the turbulator elements can have any imaginable shape as long as they fulfill the intended purpose. For example, they can have shapes that are a combination of the longitudinal sections from the 4a -d and the cross sections according to 5a -d, but are not limited to it.

Accordingly, the introduction of turbulator elements makes it possible to generate increased turbulence or turbulence in the flow in areas with poor flow. Furthermore, turbulator elements can be introduced, which ensure less turbulence or turbulence in the flow in areas with good flow and/or slow down the flow.

To the extent applicable, all individual features shown in the exemplary embodiments can be combined and/or exchanged with one another without departing from the scope of the invention.

Reference symbol list

1

contraption

2

Battery module

4

Upper unit

4a

Bottom of the upper unit

5

base plate

5a

Floor slab wall thickness

6

subunit

6a

Top of the subunit

7

Closing plate

7a

Closure plate wall thickness

8th

flow space

8a

Width of the flow space

10

inlet

12

outlet

12a

outlet line

13a,b

first/second main flow direction

14

separation area

14a,b

Inlet/outlet side

15

Mixing area

15a,b

Forward/return flow

16

Divider

16a,b

first/second end of the divider

16c

Curve radius of the divider

18

Deflection area

20

Turbulator arrangement

20a,b

Large number of first/second turbulator elements

21

Dimple

22

deflection bridge

24

first flow guide

25

minimum tangent angle

25a,b

Input/output tangent

26

second flow guide

28

Recording room

30

external wall

100

Vehicle battery

Claims (17)

Device (1) for temperature control of a vehicle battery (100), preferably a primary energy battery (100) of an electric vehicle comprising several battery modules (2), comprising an upper unit (4) which is designed for thermally connecting the device (1) to at least one battery module ( 2), and a subunit (6), wherein the upper unit (4) and the lower unit (6) form a flow space (8) through which a temperature control fluid can flow and which is delimited by an outer wall (30), the flow space (8) comprising: - an inlet (10) for admitting a main flow (13) of the temperature control fluid and an outlet (12) for letting out the main flow (13), - a separating area (14) which has a separating web (16) arranged between the inlet (10) and the outlet (12), the separating web (16) terminating at a first end (16a) with the outer wall (30). a second end (16b) adjoins a deflection area (18), the deflection area (18) being designed for reversing the direction of the main flow (13) and having a turbulator arrangement (20). Device (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the separating web (16) rests on an underside (4a) of the upper unit (4) and on an upper side (6a) of the lower unit (6). Device (1) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the flow space (8) comprises a deflection web (22) which extends from the separation area (14) on an inlet side (14a) via the deflection area (18) to the separation area (14) on an outlet side (14b ), wherein the deflection web (22) is designed in particular to deflect the main flow by 180 ° during operation, the deflection web (22) optionally having a passage opening in the deflection area (18). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow space (8) comprises an inlet-side flow guide web (24), which is provided essentially on the inlet side (14a) of the separating web (16) and is essentially separated from the separating area (14) extends into the deflection area (18). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow space (8) comprises an outlet-side flow guide web (26), which is provided essentially on the outlet side (14b) of the separating web (16) and essentially from the deflection area (18) extends into the separation area (14). Device (1) according to one of Claims 4 or 5 , characterized in that a first outer flow cross section between the inlet-side flow guide web (24) and the outer wall (30) tapers in the flow direction, and / or that a second outer flow cross section between the outlet-side flow guide web (26) and the outer wall (30) in Flow direction tapered. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deflection area (18) has a mixing area (15) adjacent to the separation area (14), the device (1) being set up to be in the mixing area during operation (15) mixes a flow (15a) with a return flow (15b), wherein during operation the flow (15a) is present on the inlet side (14a) of the separating web (16), is directed in a first main flow direction (13a) and is away from the Separating area extends into the deflection area, and the return flow (15b) is present on the outlet side (14b) of the separating web (16), is directed in a second main flow direction (13b) opposite to the first main flow direction (13a) and extends from the deflection area into the separation area extends. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating web (16) has an arcuate separating web shape, the separating web (16) having a separating web curvature radius characteristic value of greater than 2, preferably greater than 3, particularly preferably greater than 5 , wherein the separator curvature radius characteristic value results from the quotient formed by the curve radius (16c) of the separator arch shape divided by the width (8a) of the flow space (8). Device (1) according to one of Claims 4 until 8th , characterized in that the inlet-side flow guide web (24) has an arcuate flow guide web shape, wherein the inlet-side flow guide web (24) has a flow guide web radius characteristic value of greater than 0.3, preferably greater than 0.45, particularly preferably greater than 0.65, has, the flow guide web curvature radius characteristic value resulting from the quotient formed by the curve radius (24a, 26a) of the inlet-side flow guide web (24) divided by the width (8a) of the flow space (8). Device (1) according to one of Claims 4 until 9 , characterized in that a minimum tangent angle (25) of the inlet-side flow guide web (24) is greater than 95°, preferably greater than 105°, particularly preferably greater than 115°, the minimum tangent angle (25) being defined as an angle between a Input tangent (25a) and an output tangent (25b), the input tangent (25a) being parallel to an input flow on the inlet-side flow guide web (24) and the output tangent (25b) being parallel to an output flow on the inlet-side flow guide web (24). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turbulator arrangement (20) has a plurality of first turbulator elements (20a) and a plurality of second turbulator elements (20b) which are arranged alternately and/or offset from one another, wherein in particular the first and/or second turbulator elements (20a, b) are provided in the form of dimples (21). Device (1) according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the first turbulator elements (20a) have a first size and the second turbulator elements (20b) have a second size, which is different from the first size. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper unit (4) has a receiving space (28) which is set up to accommodate the at least one battery module (2), the upper unit (4) comprising an aluminum material or made from it is formed, preferably comprises or is formed from an aluminum die-cast material. Device (1) according to one of Claims 2 until 13 , characterized in that the lower unit (6) has a closure plate (7) and the upper unit (4) has a base plate (5) providing the underside (4a), wherein a base plate wall thickness (5a) is greater, in particular by at least Factor 1.5 larger than a closure plate wall thickness (7a) of the subunit (6). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower unit (6) has a predetermined breaking point which is designed to deform and/or break in a critical loading state, the upper unit (4) being designed to to be dimensionally stable and/or fluid-tight in the critical load state. Vehicle battery (100) comprising a plurality of battery modules (2) or battery cells, comprising a device (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Method for producing a device (1) for temperature control of a vehicle battery (100) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps - Providing an upper unit (4) comprising an outer wall (30) and providing a lower unit (6), the upper unit (4) and/or the lower unit (6) having at least one web (16, 22) around which flow can flow within a flow space (8). 24, 26); - Joining the upper unit (4) to the lower unit (6) by means of friction welding, in particular orbital friction welding or friction stir welding, the outer wall (30) being joined to the lower unit (6) and the at least one web (16, 22, 24, 26) is joined with the lower unit (6) and/or with the upper unit (4).

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