DE102021129658A1 - Water retention and water delivery device for plants, trees or the like. provided floors - Google Patents

Abstract

The water retention and water dispensing device (10) for plants, trees or the like. floors and in particular for green roofs and/or for areas that can be walked or driven on is provided with a plurality of drainage boxes (12), which each have walls provided with openings and which are arranged next to one another on a base (36), the arrangement of drainage boxes ( 12) has an upper side and an underside facing the substrate (36). Furthermore, the device (10) has at least one layer of upper nonwoven material on the upper side of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) and/or optionally at least one layer of lower nonwoven material on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12). Furthermore, the device (10) is provided with intermediate nonwoven material (18) between adjacent drainage boxes (12), the intermediate nonwoven material (18) extending from the upper nonwoven material to the lower nonwoven material for the transport of moisture from the lower nonwoven material to the upper nonwoven material .

Description

The invention relates to a water retention and water dispensing device for plants, trees or the like. provided floors, in particular in their application for roof greening and/or for areas that can be walked on or driven on.

Green areas on / on buildings or on other underground areas are sometimes covered by drainage boxes, on which the ground or soil is then located in which plants, trees, shrubs or the like. grow. Rainwater that penetrates these floors then enters the drainage boxes, which have walls provided with through holes. The water absorbed by the drainage boxes can be discharged in a controlled manner, but can also be used to moisturize the floors. For this purpose, it is known to introduce porous filling bodies into the drainage boxes, which are in contact with the soil and supply it with moisture due to the effect of capillary forces. However, the drainage boxes can also have tubes leading from their bottom to the top, which are perforated and filled with soil, which also supplies the soil located on the boxes with moisture from the boxes due to capillary forces. Examples of the two concepts mentioned above can be found in WO 2009/030896 A1 and WO 2014/006180 A1 .

Other water retention concepts for green roofs are in DE 19911409 A1 , DE 29610425 U1 , DE 9207171 U1 and FR 2 671 121 A1 described.

The object of the invention is to provide a water retention and water dispensing device for plants, trees or the like. to create provided soils and in particular for the green roof, the device being easy to install and given in a simple way for the supply of soils with water retained by the device.

• - mehreren Drainageboxen, die jeweils mit Öffnungen versehene Wände aufweisen und die auf einem Untergrund nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei die Anordnung von Drainageboxen eine Oberseite und eine dem Untergrund zugewandte Unterseite aufweist,
• - mindestens einer Lage aus oberem Faservliesmaterial auf der Oberseite der Anordnung von Drainageboxen,
• - ggfs. mindestens einer Lage aus unterem Faservliesmaterial an der Unterseite der Anordnung von Drainageboxen und
• - Zwischenfaservliesmaterial zwischen nebeneinander angeordneten Drainageboxen, wobei sich das Zwischenfaservliesmaterial von dem oberen Faservliesmaterial bis zum unteren Faservliesmaterial erstreckt für den Transport von Feuchtigkeit von dem unteren Faservliesmaterial bis zum oberen Faservliesmaterial, wobei die Feuchtigkeit innerhalb des oberen Faservliesmaterials weiter transportiert wird.

To solve this problem, the invention provides a water retention and water dispensing device for plants, trees or the like. provided soils and in particular intended for green roofs, with

• - a plurality of drainage boxes, each having walls provided with openings and which are arranged next to one another on a base, the arrangement of drainage boxes having a top side and a bottom side facing the base,
• - at least one layer of upper nonwoven material on top of the array of drainage boxes,
• - optionally at least one layer of lower non-woven material on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes and
• - Intermediate nonwoven material between adjacent drainage boxes, wherein the intermediate nonwoven material extends from the upper nonwoven material to the lower nonwoven material for the transport of moisture from the lower nonwoven material to the upper nonwoven material, whereby the moisture is further transported within the upper nonwoven material.

In the construction of water retention and water discharge devices typically used, it is already common practice to provide the array of drainage boxes with a geotextile both on top and on the bottom. In particular, the geotextile lying on top of the array of drainage boxes ensures that the drainage boxes are not clogged with soil.

According to the invention, it is now proposed to arrange fiber fleece material not only on top of the arrangement of drainage boxes, but also in the spaces between the drainage boxes, with this intermediate fiber fleece material reaching in particular to the subsoil (and advantageously also extending onto this subsoil), so that this intermediate fiber fleece material due to its Capillary action provides for the transport of moisture from the drainage boxes up to the ground and into the ground. As described above, the drainage boxes are equipped with walls provided with openings, so that the mutually facing side walls of adjacent drainage boxes also have such openings. If the intermediate fiber fleece material is now arranged between adjacent drainage boxes, it will be soaked in the water retained in the drainage boxes and this water will be transported upwards.

The advantage of the concept according to the invention is the extremely simple installation and erection of a device according to the invention. The material to be used as a fiber fleece material is already used today in devices for green roofs. According to the invention, it is now put to a new use as an intermediate fiber fleece material between adjacent drainage boxes, namely to enable vertical transport of moisture as a result of capillary action.

Typically, the drainage boxes, which are generally designed to be flat and even tuell also only designed as plates, connected to each other with connecting elements, so that they form a solid connection in the laid out state. According to the invention, it is not absolutely necessary for the intermediate fiber fleece material to be arranged between all the drainage boxes. This means that those adjacent drainage boxes without intermediate non-woven material in between can in turn be firmly connected to the connecting elements and only those drainage boxes which have intermediate non-woven material in between may not be connected with connecting elements. But here, too, the drainage boxes can be connected, specifically by means of connection elements modified insofar as the distance between the drainage boxes allows the interfiber fleece material to be arranged between them. The fiber fleece material is flexible and allows the use of connecting elements for connecting adjacent drainage boxes with intermediate fiber fleece material arranged in between, possibly with local damage to the fiber fleece material.

As described above, non-woven material can be provided both above and below the array of drainage boxes. Below the arrangement of drainage boxes is usually the subsoil on which the entire device rests. The entire arrangement of drainage boxes can be surrounded by a water-impermeable film on the underside, on the side edges and partly on the top, in order ultimately to ensure that the water from the drainage boxes is controlled via drain pipes or the like provided for this purpose. can drain away, if necessary, taking into account the fact that in any case a residue of water remains in the drainage boxes, which then serves to moisturize the soil.

It is expedient if fiber fleece webs are used, which are laid alternately on the underside of drainage boxes and on the upper side of drainage boxes adjacent thereto. Due to this S- or serpentine-shaped course or a meandering course of the fiber fleece webs, there is always fiber fleece material between drainage boxes and can take over the function of the intermediate fiber fleece material, as described above. In a configuration of the invention that is advantageous in this regard, the device is characterized by at least one first fiber fleece web, which extends along a plurality of drainage boxes arranged next to one another in at least one row and alternately on the upper side and on the lower side of the arrangement of drainage boxes and from the lower side of the drainage boxes to the top of the drainage boxes and vice versa between two adjacent drainage boxes, sections of the at least one first fiber fleece web running on the top of the arrangement of drainage boxes forming upper fiber fleece material, sections of the at least one first fiber fleece web running on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes forming lower fiber fleece material and between sections of the first nonwoven web which run adjacent to drainage boxes form intermediate nonwoven material.

Here it is provided with further advantage that the at least one first fiber fleece web runs on the upper side of one drainage box and on the underside of the other drainage box in relation to two adjacent drainage boxes of the arrangement of drainage boxes along which the at least one first fiber fleece web extends.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized by at least one second fiber fleece web, which extends transversely to the at least one first fiber fleece web and along several drainage boxes arranged next to one another in at least one row and alternately on the top and bottom of the arrangement of drainage boxes and from the runs from the underside of the drainage boxes to the top of the drainage boxes and vice versa between two adjacent drainage boxes, with sections of the at least one first fiber fleece web running on the top of the arrangement of drainage boxes forming upper fiber fleece material, and sections of the at least one first fiber fleece web running on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes forming lower Nonwoven material forms and sections of the first nonwoven web running between adjacent drainage boxes form intermediate nonwoven material, and wherein the at least one first nonwoven web di e crosses at least one second fiber fleece web at at least one drainage box, in that the at least one first fiber fleece web runs on the upper side of this drainage box or these drainage boxes and the at least one second fiber fleece web runs on the underside of this drainage box or these drainage boxes. In this embodiment of the invention, the two fiber fleece webs run like the warp and weft threads of a woven fabric, although at least one drainage box is arranged at the crossing points between one fiber fleece web and the other fiber fleece web, so that one fiber fleece web is on the upper side and the other fiber fleece web runs on the underside of the drainage box or drainage boxes and both non-woven fabric webs run in the spaces between the non-woven fabric webs adjacent, in different of these spaces.

An alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the intermediate fiber fleece material is formed by fiber fleece material strips, one lateral edge of which lies along an edge of a drainage box or along the edges of a row of drainage boxes on top of the arrangement of drainage boxes and the other lateral edge lies along an edge of that drainage box or along the edges of that row of drainage boxes or along the edge of an adjacent drainage box or along the edges of an adjacent row of drainage boxes abuts the underside of the array of drainage boxes.

The geotextile material that is already typically used today is particularly suitable as a fiber fleece material. In principle, however, other random fiber material (nonwoven) is also suitable.

• 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausschnitts einer Anordnung von Drainageboxen mit S-förmig bzw. schlangenlinienförmig verlegten, sich kreuzenden Faservliesbahnen,
• 2 und 3 Ansichten entlang der Linien II-II bzw. III-III der 1,
• 4 bis 6 schematische Darstellung von alternativen Verlegekonzepten von Faservliesbahnen,
• 7 eine Darstellung ähnlich der gemäß 1, wobei jedoch jeweils zwei Drainageboxen paarweise ober- und unterseitig von Faservliesmaterial umgeben sind, ohne dass zwischen ihnen Zwischenfaservliesmaterial angeordnet ist,
• 8 eine Darstellung einer Anordnung von Drainageboxen ähnlich der nach den 1 und 7, wobei hier nun vier benachbarte Drainageboxen jeweils frei von Zwischenfaservliesmaterial sind,
• 9 bis 11 schematische Darstellungen weiterer Verlegekonzepte für das Faservliesmaterial
• 12 eine Darstellung eines Randbereichs einer Anordnung von Drainageboxen mit dieser einschließenden wasserundurchlässigen Folie und mit auf der Anordnung befindlichem begrüntem Boden, der der Übersichtlichkeit wegen in den anderen Figuren nicht dargestellt ist, und
• 13 eine weitere Alternative für das Verlegekonzept des Faservliesmaterials.

The invention is explained in more detail below using several exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing. In detail show:

• 1 a perspective view of a section of an arrangement of drainage boxes with intersecting fiber fleece webs laid in an S-shape or in a serpentine manner,
• 2 and 3 Views along lines II-II and III-III of the 1 ,
• 4 until 6 schematic representation of alternative laying concepts of fiber fleece webs,
• 7 a representation similar to that according to 1 , but in each case two drainage boxes are surrounded in pairs on the top and bottom by fiber fleece material, without intermediate fiber fleece material being arranged between them,
• 8th a representation of an arrangement of drainage boxes similar to that of FIGS 1 and 7 , whereby here four adjacent drainage boxes are each free of interfiber fleece material,
• 9 until 11 schematic representations of further laying concepts for the fiber fleece material
• 12 a representation of an edge area of an arrangement of drainage boxes with this enclosing water-impermeable film and with planted soil located on the arrangement, which is not shown in the other figures for the sake of clarity, and
• 13 another alternative for the laying concept of the fiber fleece material.

In 1 a first exemplary embodiment of a water retention and water dispensing device 10 according to the invention is shown. the 1 shows a section of an arrangement of drainage boxes 12, which, what is shown in 1 (And also in the other figures) is not shown, have openings on all sides and are therefore perforated. Support structures in the drainage boxes 12 (likewise not shown) prevent in a certain way a deformation/deflection of the drainage boxes 12 when the area laid out by the drainage boxes 12 is walked on.

As in 1 shown, the water retention and water release device 10 is provided with a plurality of first fiber fleece webs 14 running parallel to one another and with second fiber fleece webs 16 also running parallel to one another, the second group of fiber fleece webs 16 running transversely to the extension of the first fiber fleece webs 14. All nonwoven webs 14, 16 extend in a serpentine or S-shape, i.e. run on the top of a drainage box 12 and on the underside of the adjacent drainage box 12. The nonwoven webs 14, 16 therefore also extend between the side walls of adjacent drainage boxes 12 and 12 form intermediate nonwoven material 18 in these areas, while their portions form upper or upper side nonwoven material 20 and lower or lower side nonwoven material 22 at the bottom of the drainage boxes 12.

In 1 It is not shown that the water retention and water release device 10 is arranged on a subsurface 36 and that soil for greening, for example, building roofs is arranged on the upper side of the arrangement.

It is also conceivable that on the upper side of the water retention and water dispensing device 10 according to FIG 1 a further layer of non-woven material is arranged. Also, such an additional layer of fiber fleece material below the device according to 1 be provided.

The sections of the two groups of fiber fleece webs 14, 16 which extend between adjacent drainage boxes 12 and form the intermediate fiber fleece material 18 are particularly important for the transport of moisture. Moisture/water is then transported upwards through this intermediate fiber fleece material 18, where it is also distributed horizontally, ie in the plane of the fiber fleece webs 14, 16, with the aid of capillary forces. But this provides the soil with moisture, collected and retained in the drainage boxes 12.

the 2 and 3 show views along lines II-II and III-III of Figs 1 .

4 shows a constellation in which, with a serpentine course of one of the fiber fleece webs 14, 16, a water retention and water release device 10a 1 omitted and instead on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes 12 has a lower non-woven web 24 which is as wide as several rows of consecutive drainage boxes 12. On the upper side of the arrangement of drainage boxes 12 there is also a (upper) fiber fleece web 26 with a width that covers several rows of drainage boxes 12 arranged next to one another. These two fiber fleece webs 24, 26 cover the arrangement of drainage boxes 12 everywhere where the S-shaped or serpentine fiber fleece web 14 or 16 does not cover the respective upper or lower side of drainage boxes 12, and they lead to those areas a double layer, in which the fiber fleece web 14 or 16 running in a serpentine manner runs along the upper side or the underside of the respective drainage boxes 12 .

In the 5 and 6 Fig. 12 shows schematically the batt laying arrangements in two further alternative water retention and delivery devices 10b and 10c. The arrangement of drainage boxes 12 has between at least some of the adjacent drainage boxes 12 individual fiber fleece material strips 28 which are laid either in an S-shape or a C-shape, as in FIG 5 shown. The lateral ends 30 of the nonwoven material strips 28 thus extend both along the edge of a drainage box 12 on the upper side and on the lower side (see in 5 right) or along the edge of one drainage box 12 on the top and along the edge of the adjacent drainage box 12 on the bottom. In addition, an upper and a lower nonwoven web 24, 26 are again provided.

In 6 is shown how individual nonwoven webs 32 extend along the underside of a row of drainage boxes 12 to pass upwards between the gap to the adjacent drainage box row 12 where their lateral edges 34 are either on top of the drainage boxes 12 of said row or on the top of the drainage boxes 12 of the adjacent row. Below these individual nonwoven webs 32, of which adjacent nonwoven webs 32 overlap on the underside, as in 6 shown, a nonwoven web 24 may further extend. A nonwoven web 26 is located on top of the array of drainage boxes 12.

In the 7 and 8th 12, other water retention and water dispensing devices 10d and 10e are shown having a similar fibrous nonwoven web lay-up pattern as in the case of water retention and water dispensing device 10 of FIG 1 , where in 7 in each case two adjacent drainage boxes 12 are connected to one another without intermediate fiber fleece material 18 being arranged between them. In the embodiment of the water retention and water dispensing device 10e according to FIG 8th four two-dimensionally adjacent drainage boxes 12 are each connected to one another.

9 shows again a section of the laying pattern of the fiber fleece webs 14, 16 of the water retention and water release devices 10d and 10e of FIG 7 and 8th .

In 10 10 shows the nonwoven material laying pattern of a water retention and discharge device 10f, which is similar to that of FIG 6 is. In the embodiment of 10 in turn, adjacent drainage boxes 12 are connected to one another. The non-woven material strips 28 can be in the in 10 viewed side view run either S-shaped or C-shaped.

A nonwoven material laying pattern similar or corresponding to that of 6 is designed, is for a further embodiment of a water retention and water dispensing device 10g in 11 shown. For the embodiment according to 11 applies in turn that several adjacent drainage boxes 12 are connected to one another without intermediate fiber fleece material 18 lying in between.

In 12 an edge area of the arrangement of drainage boxes 12 of a further water retention and water delivery device 10h is shown. The laying pattern for the nonwoven material is similar to that of 1 , 7 and 8th , wherein the entire arrangement of drainage boxes 12 is arranged on a plastic film 38, which is spread out on a substrate 36 and is impermeable to water, which in turn is laid around the outer edge of the arrangement of drainage boxes 12 and in the edge area on top of the laid fiber fleece webs 14, 16 ends. A fiber fleece web 26, for example, is then arranged over the entire arrangement of drainage boxes 12, including the edge area of the water-impermeable plastic film 38 arranged on the upper side. The soil 40 is then applied to this structure, on which grass grows in this exemplary embodiment.

In 13 Finally, there is a further water retention and water release device 10i, in which the successive rows of drainage boxes 12 are alternately provided with a fiber fleece web 42 on the top and bottom.

The fiber fleece web 42 thus runs between adjacent drainage box rows 12 from the top to the bottom and vice versa. Alternatively, the fiber fleece web 42 can also cover two or more consecutive rows of drainage boxes 12 on their upper sides, in order (only) then to run to the underside of the drainage boxes 12 of the next row or several next rows of drainage boxes 12 . The entire arrangement is encased in another fiber fleece web 44 .

Reference List

10

Water retention and water release device

10a

Water retention and water release device

10b

Water retention and water release device

10c

Water retention and water release device

10d

Water retention and water release device

10e

Water retention and water release device

10f

Water retention and water release device

10g

Water retention and water release device

10 a.m

Water retention and water release device

10i

Water retention and water release device

12

drainage box

14

first nonwoven web

16

second nonwoven web

18

interfiber nonwoven material

20

nonwoven topside material

22

underside non-woven material

24

lower nonwoven web

26

lower nonwoven web

28

nonwoven material strips

30

lateral ends

32

individual nonwoven webs

34

lateral margins

36

underground

38

plastic film

40

ground

42

nonwoven web

44

nonwoven web

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• WO 2009/030896 A1 [0002]
• WO 2014/006180 A1 [0002]
• DE 19911409 A1 [0003]
• DE 29610425 U1 [0003]
• DE 9207171 U1 [0003]
• FR 2671121 A1 [0003]

Claims (6)

Water retention and water delivery device for plants, trees or the like. provided soils and in particular for the roof greening and/or for areas that can be walked on or driven on - a plurality of drainage boxes (12), each of which has walls provided with openings and which are arranged next to one another on a base (36), the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) having an upper side and an underside facing the base (36), - at least one layer of upper non-woven material on top of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12), - optionally at least one layer of lower fiber fleece material on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) and - intermediate nonwoven material (18) between adjacent drainage boxes (12), the intermediate nonwoven material (18) extending from the upper nonwoven material to the lower nonwoven material for the transport of moisture from the lower nonwoven material to the upper nonwoven material. device after claim 1 , characterized by at least one first fiber fleece web (14) which extends along a plurality of drainage boxes (12) arranged next to one another in at least one row and alternately on the upper side and on the lower side of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) and from the lower side of the drainage boxes (12 ) runs to the upper side of the drainage boxes (12) and vice versa between two adjacent drainage boxes (12), wherein sections of the at least one first fiber fleece web running on the upper side of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) form upper fiber fleece material, on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes ( 12) running portions of the at least one first nonwoven web form bottom nonwoven material and portions of the first nonwoven web running between adjacent drainage boxes (12) form intermediate nonwoven material (18). device after claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one first non-woven fiber web (14) in relation to two adjacent drainage boxes (12) of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) along which the at least one first non-woven fiber web (14) extends, on the upper side of one drainage box (12 ) and runs along the underside of the other drainage box (12). device after claim 2 or 3 , characterized by at least one second non-woven fiber web (16) which extends transversely to the at least one first non-woven fiber web and along a plurality of drainage boxes (12) arranged next to one another in at least one row and alternately on the upper side and on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) and runs from the underside of the drainage boxes (12) to the top of the drainage boxes (12) and vice versa between two adjacent drainage boxes (12) in each case, with sections of the at least one first fiber fleece web running on the top side of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) forming upper fiber fleece material, sections of the at least one first nonwoven web forming lower nonwoven material material running on the underside of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12) and sections of the first nonwoven web forming intermediate nonwoven fiber material (18) between adjacent drainage boxes (12), and wherein the at least one first nonwoven web (14) forms the at least one second nonwoven fiber web (16) crosses on at least one drainage box (12), in that the at least one first nonwoven fiber web (14) on the upper side of this drainage box (12) or these drainage boxes (12) and the at least one second nonwoven fiber web (16) on the Underside of this drainage box (12) or these drainage boxes (12) runs. device after claim 1 , characterized in that the intermediate nonwoven material (18) is formed by nonwoven material strips (28), one lateral edge of which runs along an edge of a drainage box (12) or along the edges of a row of drainage boxes (12) on top of the arrangement of drainage boxes (12). rests and whose other lateral edge lies along an edge of this drainage box (12) or along the edges of this row of drainage boxes (12) or along the edge of an adjacent drainage box (12) or along the edges of an adjacent row of drainage boxes (12) on the underside of the Arrangement of drainage boxes (12). Device according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the nonwoven material and/or the nonwoven webs are a geotextile.

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