DE102021128792B3 - Piston for a reciprocating engine, corresponding engine and motor vehicle with such - Google Patents
Piston for a reciprocating engine, corresponding engine and motor vehicle with such Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102021128792B3 DE102021128792B3 DE102021128792.8A DE102021128792A DE102021128792B3 DE 102021128792 B3 DE102021128792 B3 DE 102021128792B3 DE 102021128792 A DE102021128792 A DE 102021128792A DE 102021128792 B3 DE102021128792 B3 DE 102021128792B3
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- piston
- spokes
- engine
- center
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/09—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers with means for guiding fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung stellt einen Kolben (10) für einen Hubkolbenmotor mit den folgenden Merkmalen bereit: Der Kolben (10) weist einen von einem radförmigen Kühlkanal (11) durchzogenen Kolbenboden auf; der Kühlkanal (11) weist in einem Mittelpunkt des Kolbenbodens fluidtechnisch verbundene Speichen (12) auf; und die Speichen (12) sind ungleichmäßig dicht über den Kolbenboden verteilt.Die Erfindung stellt ferner einen entsprechenden Hubkolben- und insbesondere Verbrennungsmotor sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen bereit.The invention provides a piston (10) for a reciprocating piston engine with the following features: the piston (10) has a piston head through which a wheel-shaped cooling channel (11) runs; the cooling passage (11) has spokes (12) fluidically connected at a center point of the piston crown; and the spokes (12) are unevenly densely distributed over the piston crown. The invention also provides a corresponding reciprocating and in particular internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle with such.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben für einen Hubkolbenmotor. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft darüber hinaus einen entsprechenden Hubkolben- und insbesondere Verbrennungsmotor sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen.The present invention relates to a piston for a reciprocating engine. The present invention also relates to a corresponding reciprocating engine and, in particular, an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle having such an engine.
Moderne Verbrennungsmotoren werden spezifisch sehr hoch belastet. Insbesondere die thermische Belastung des Kolbens hat im Zuge der Leistungssteigerung zugenommen. Der Stand der Technik umfasst daher Hochleistungsmotoren mit sogenannten Kühlkanalkolben.Modern internal combustion engines are specifically subjected to very high loads. In particular, the thermal load on the piston has increased as a result of the increase in performance. The prior art therefore includes high-performance engines with so-called cooling channel pistons.
Beim namensgebenden Kühlkanal eines derartigen Kolbens handelt es sich um einen üblicherweise umlaufenden, Motoröl führenden Kanal innerhalb des Kolbens. Das Motoröl gelangt über eine Zuführbohrung in diesen Ringkanal und tritt auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite durch eine Austrittsbohrung wieder aus ihm aus.The eponymous cooling channel of such a piston is a channel inside the piston that usually runs around and carries engine oil. The engine oil enters this ring channel via a feed hole and exits it again on the opposite side through an outlet hole.
Die Ölversorgung eines gattungsmäßigen Kühlkanalkolbens erfolgt durch eine im Kurbelgehäuse angeordnete Kolbenspritzdüse, deren Strahl auf die Zuführbohrung gerichtet ist. Der Ringkanal durchzieht herkömmlicherweise den äußeren Bereich des Kolbens und führt dort die in den Kolben eingebrachte Wärme mittels des Öles ab.A cooling channel piston of this type is supplied with oil by a piston spray nozzle which is arranged in the crankcase and whose jet is directed onto the feed bore. The ring channel conventionally runs through the outer area of the piston and dissipates the heat introduced into the piston there by means of the oil.
Nachteilig bei dieser Lösung ist ihre örtliche begrenzte Kühlwirkung, die einen unregelmäßigen Temperaturverlauf im Kolbenboden nach sich zieht: Während sich dessen Rand hinreichend kühlen lässt, wird die Mitte des Kolbens im Betrieb nach wie vor stark erhitzt. Diese hohen Temperaturen erhöhen die Klopfempfindlichkeit des Motors, was wiederum dessen Leistung mindert und Verbrauch erhöht.The disadvantage of this solution is its locally limited cooling effect, which results in an irregular temperature profile in the piston crown: while its edge can be sufficiently cooled, the center of the piston continues to be heated up considerably during operation. These high temperatures increase the engine's sensitivity to knocking, which in turn reduces its performance and increases consumption.
Die Erfindung stellt einen Kolben für einen Hubkolbenmotor, einen entsprechenden Hubkolben- und insbesondere Verbrennungsmotor sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Motor gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen bereit.The invention provides a piston for a reciprocating engine, a corresponding reciprocating engine and in particular an internal combustion engine, and a motor vehicle with such an engine, according to the independent claims.
Der Vorzug eines erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens liegt in seiner asymmetrischen Kühlstruktur, welche die Wärme bestmöglich aus dem Bauteil ableitet und eine gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung über den gesamten Kolbenboden gewährleistet, wobei die Kühlwirkung des Öls in der Kolbenbodenmitte am größten ist.The advantage of a piston according to the invention lies in its asymmetrical cooling structure, which dissipates the heat from the component in the best possible way and ensures an even temperature distribution over the entire piston crown, with the cooling effect of the oil being greatest in the middle of the piston crown.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben. So können diejenigen Speichen des erfindungswesentlichen Kühlkanales, welche thermisch hochbelastete Teilbereiche des Kolbenbodens kreuzen, in geringerem Winkelabstand zueinander angeordnet sein als jene, welche vollständig außerhalb der besagten Teilbereiche verlaufen. Auf diesem Wege werden die Speichen in ihrer Winkellage bestmöglich an den ungleichmäßig verteilten Wärmeeintrag angepasst.Further advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent patent claims. Thus, those spokes of the cooling channel that are essential to the invention and that cross thermally highly stressed sub-areas of the piston head can be arranged at a smaller angular distance from one another than those that run completely outside of said sub-areas. In this way, the spokes are optimally adjusted in their angular position to the unevenly distributed heat input.
Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Speichen jeweils hohlkegelstumpfförmig mit einer dem Mittelpunkt des Kolbenbodens zugewandten Grundfläche und einer ihm abgewandten Deckfläche gestaltet sind, sodass die Querschnittfläche von Deck- zu Grundfläche stetig zunimmt. Diese kegelförmige Gestaltung der Speichen birgt den Vorteil, dass das darin geführte Öl bei der Bewegung und insbesondere Beschleunigung des Kolbens in Richtung des oberen Totpunktes entlang der abfallenden Speichenwandung zur Mitte des Kolbens verdrängt und beim Ausströmen unterstützt wird.Furthermore, it can be provided that the spokes each have a hollow truncated cone shape with a dem Center of the piston crown facing base and a cover surface facing away from it are designed so that the cross-sectional area from cover to base area increases steadily. This conical design of the spokes has the advantage that the oil guided in them is displaced during the movement and in particular acceleration of the piston in the direction of top dead center along the sloping spoke wall towards the center of the piston and is supported when it flows out.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.
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1 zeigt die perspektivische Ansicht eines Kolbens in teiltransparenter Darstellung. -
2 zeigt eine Draufsicht des Kolbens gemäß1 in teiltransparenter Darstellung. -
3 zeigt eine beispielhafte Temperaturverteilung am Boden des Kolbens der1 und2 . -
4 zeigt - in einer mit dem Temperaturfeld gemäß3 überlagerten Darstellung - eine der2 entsprechende Draufsicht des Kühlkanales eines erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens mit bedarfsgerechter asymmetrischer Speichenstruktur.
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1 shows the perspective view of a piston in a partially transparent representation. -
2 shows a plan view of the piston according to FIG1 in a partially transparent display. -
3 shows an exemplary temperature distribution at the bottom of the piston of FIG1 and2 . -
4 shows - in accordance with the temperature field3 superimposed representation - one of2 corresponding top view of the cooling channel of a piston according to the invention with a needs-based asymmetrical spoke structure.
Die
Der in
Deutlich wird diese Ungleichverteilung anhand der waagerecht dargestellten, den Mittelpunkt des Kolbenbodens durchlaufenden Bezugsgeraden. Jede der Speichen schließt mit dieser Waagerechten einen charakteristischen Mittelpunktswinkel unterschiedlicher Winkelweite (α1, α2, α3 usw.) ein. Da die abbildungsgemäß linken Speichen die thermisch hochbelastete linke Hälfte (14) des Kolbenbodens durchqueren, bleibt ihr Winkelabstand α2 - α1 deutlich hinter dem Winkelabstand α3 - α2 zurück, da der Winkel α3 einer Speiche (12) zugeordnet ist, welche vollständig in der thermisch weniger belasteten rechten Hälfte (15) des Kolbenbodens verläuft.This unequal distribution becomes clear from the reference lines shown horizontally and running through the center point of the piston crown. Each of the spokes encloses a characteristic central angle of different angular width (α 1 , α 2 , α 3 , etc.) with this horizontal line. Since the spokes on the left, as shown in the figure, traverse the left half (14) of the piston crown, which is subjected to high thermal loads, their angular distance α 2 - α 1 is significantly lower than the angular distance α 3 - α 2 , since the angle α 3 is assigned to a spoke (12) which runs completely in the thermally less stressed right half (15) of the piston crown.
Claims (9)
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DE102021128792.8A DE102021128792B3 (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Piston for a reciprocating engine, corresponding engine and motor vehicle with such |
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DE102021128792.8A DE102021128792B3 (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Piston for a reciprocating engine, corresponding engine and motor vehicle with such |
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Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3444661A1 (en) | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-12 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Liquid-cooled piston |
DE10244510A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-08 | Mahle Gmbh | One-piece cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine |
DE102004027974A1 (en) | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-29 | Mahle Gmbh | A built piston and method of preventing damage in contact surfaces of the top and bottom of the piston |
DE102006002949A1 (en) | 2006-01-21 | 2007-08-02 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine |
DE102010015568A1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-20 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Piston upper part of a built or welded piston with extended cooling chambers |
JP5141461B2 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2013-02-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Piston structure |
DE102018201556A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Reciprocating piston for a reciprocating internal combustion engine and use of a reciprocating piston in a reciprocating internal combustion engine |
-
2021
- 2021-11-05 DE DE102021128792.8A patent/DE102021128792B3/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3444661A1 (en) | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-12 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Liquid-cooled piston |
DE10244510A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2004-04-08 | Mahle Gmbh | One-piece cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine |
DE102004027974A1 (en) | 2004-06-08 | 2005-12-29 | Mahle Gmbh | A built piston and method of preventing damage in contact surfaces of the top and bottom of the piston |
DE102006002949A1 (en) | 2006-01-21 | 2007-08-02 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Cooling channel piston for an internal combustion engine |
JP5141461B2 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2013-02-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Piston structure |
DE102010015568A1 (en) | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-20 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Piston upper part of a built or welded piston with extended cooling chambers |
DE102018201556A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Reciprocating piston for a reciprocating internal combustion engine and use of a reciprocating piston in a reciprocating internal combustion engine |
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