DE102021128083A1 - KIT FOR A ROOF LADDER OF A STRUCTURE SUCH AS BUILDING, ROOF LADDER AND ROOF COMPRISING SUCH ROOF LADDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a kit for a roof ladder of a structure, such as a building, comprising two bars and a plurality of rungs which can be connected to the bars, the bars having a plurality of markings for each rung, each marking indicating a different position of the rung relative to indicates the spars, so that the rung can be individually adjusted in its position relative to the spars depending on the marking.Furthermore, the invention also relates to a roof ladder of a building and a roof comprising such a roof ladder.

Description

The invention relates to a kit for a roof ladder of a structure, such as a building, a roof ladder and a roof comprising such a roof ladder.

Roof ladders are used to safely access roofs, e.g. by users such as maintenance personnel, craftsmen or chimney sweeps. In this case, such roof ladders are stationary, so run firmly to the roof. In contrast to leaning ladders, they are not intended for temporary but permanent use or attachment to the roof (on the roof skin or the roof structure) and must also withstand the corresponding weather conditions.

Such roof ladders must always be adapted to the pitch of the roof. These include two stiles to which rungs are attached. In order to increase safety when walking on them, the rungs must have a comparatively large tread surface. The stepping surface should be aligned as horizontally as possible in order to ensure that the user can climb the roof ladder safely. Uneven rungs, i.e. rungs that are inclined to the horizontal plane, can lead to a disturbed sense of balance in the user and, as a result, to a fall. In order to meet these requirements, a separate roof ladder must be kept in stock for each roof pitch (e.g. between 10° and 45°), with treads aligned parallel to the horizontal plane, i.e. appropriately rotated rungs. Each such roof ladder must also be checked for safety by a technical testing organization in the course of sampling. A separate roof ladder adapted to this is required for each roof pitch, which in turn entails a large number of samples.

Basically, when we talk about rungs, this term also means steps.

The present invention relates to the objects mentioned at the outset.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to specify a kit for a roof ladder of a structure, such as a building, a roof ladder and a roof comprising such a roof ladder, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned at the outset.

The object is achieved by a kit for a roof ladder, a roof ladder and a roof comprising such a roof ladder according to the independent claims. The dependent claims describe particularly expedient embodiments of the invention.

A kit according to the invention for a roof ladder of a structure, such as a building, comprises two stiles and a plurality of rungs which can be connected to the stiles, the stiles having a plurality of markings for each rung, each marking indicating a different position of the rung relative to the stiles displays, so that the position of the rung in relation to the bars can be individually adjusted depending on the marking.

The markings preferably indicate different angles of inclination of the rung parallel to the longitudinal axis of the respective rung in order to adapt the rungs of the roof ladder to the roof pitch of a roof on which the roof ladder can be mounted. In this case, the term position means the angular position of the rungs relative to the stiles. In this way, the rungs can be aligned with their treads parallel to each other on the corresponding roof pitch with respect to the spars. Thanks to the specified markings, it is no longer necessary to measure each rung individually during assembly to determine whether it is parallel to the other rungs or to the horizontal plane. Because of the markings, this is automatically achieved when selecting the marking corresponding to the respective roof pitch.

The markings can be in the form of several through-holes made in the bars and the through-holes can preferably be distributed over the circumference of a circular arc, such as a ring of holes, with the division angle, which describes the distance between two adjacent through-holes on the circular arc, preferably from through-hole to Through-hole is the same and is preferably 5°, 10° or 15°, and the markings preferably also include a centering hole that lies in the center of the circular arc. If the markings are through holes, the hole does not have to be drilled when assembling the roof ladder. This significantly reduces the amount of work involved in assembling the roof ladder from the kit.

Advantageously, each rung can be fastened to the stile on each of its sides facing the stile via at least two attachment points by means of a positive and/or non-positive connection. In this way, a secure anchoring of the rung on the rail can be guaranteed.

The markings on the bars and the at least two attachment points on the rungs can preferably be complementary in this way nother, that depending on the selected position of the rung to the stile, the at least two attachment points always overlap with at least two of the markings on the respective stile, with the number of markings on the stiles preferably being greater than the number of attachment points of the rungs or Stages. This makes it easier to assemble the roof ladder and prevents incorrect assembly, since the markings are already fixed. The different markings on the bars can also indicate the attachment points of the rungs on the bar.

Furthermore, each rung can be brought congruently with its one fastening point to the centering hole and with its at least one further fastening point congruently to a through-hole on the arc of the spar. In this way, the advantages according to the invention can be implemented particularly well and easily.

Advantageously, each rung can have exactly three attachment points on each of its sides facing the bars, with two of the attachment points being spaced apart from one another by the pitch angle or a multiple thereof on the circular arc, so that the two attachment points are congruent with two corresponding through-holes at the complementary pitch angle the arc of the spar can be brought. This achieves a particularly strong anchoring of the rungs in the stile.

According to one embodiment, a spar can be produced from a plurality of spar elements that can be connected to one another. The rail elements can preferably be connected to one another at their ends in a non-positive and/or positive manner, with the connection preferably being able to be designed to be detachable. This construction facilitates inventory and shipping of the kit, since longer sections of the ladder can be modularly constructed from several shorter pieces.

To secure the user of the roof ladder, at least two individual attachment points can be arranged on at least one stile, preferably along its entire length, and an attachment device to prevent a user of the roof ladder from falling can be attached to the individual attachment points, with the attachment device or attachment points preferably for anchoring or guiding a cable of a user's tether along the spar and the attachment device can preferably be embodied as a cable or rod that runs essentially parallel to the spar. In this way, fall protection can easily be integrated into the roof ladder. Substantially parallel means that the rod is parallel to e.g. the spar over most of its length, e.g. at least 70%. When the stop device is designed as a rod, the axial ends of the rod can be bent so that it is C-shaped, i.e. has a comparatively long part parallel to the spar and two legs that are bent perpendicularly, for example. This has the advantage that if the user falls from the roof ladder, the carabiner of the safety belt rope, which is hooked to the pole, runs down along the pole as the user falls. There he hits the leg of the rod, so that the carabiner is in the extension of the rope downwards, so that the force acts on the carabiner in the direction, namely in the longitudinal direction (and not in bending).

The bars of the roof ladder can be connected to one another via a crossbar, to which a holding device for anchoring the roof ladder in the roof skin or the roof structure can be attached, with the crossbar preferably being at least partially designed as a threaded rod, passed through corresponding recesses in the bars and by means of nuts screwed to the spars. In this way, a particularly stable attachment of the roof ladder to the roof is achieved. It enables the user to be caught by the safety belt if the user falls and remain securely connected to the roof via the roof ladder despite the energy released by the fall.

The positive and/or non-positive connection can preferably be in the form of screws, preferably thread-forming screws such as self-tapping screws and particularly preferably rustproof screws. Such a construction can be dismantled simply by loosening the screws.

Advantageously, the rungs can be arranged within the rails or rail elements, i.e. they do not look beyond their borders. In other words, the rungs can be designed in such a way that, regardless of their chosen position, they are always arranged within the boundary of the rails or rail elements and do not protrude beyond them. In this way it can be achieved that the user's foot is also supported laterally by the rail while he is standing on the rung.

The invention also relates to a roof ladder of a structure, such as a building, comprising two uprights and a plurality of rungs connectable to the uprights, the uprights having a rung marker for individually adjusting the position of the rungs relative to the uprights , the roof ladder in particular is available from a kit according to the invention.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a roof of a structure, such as a building, comprising a roof ladder according to the invention, the roof ladder being obtainable in particular from a kit according to the invention.

The present invention also relates to a structure, such as a building, comprising a roof and a roof ladder according to the invention, which can preferably be achieved using the kit.

A roof ladder can be specified by means of the invention, the rungs of which can be adapted to predetermined roof pitches. With this modular system, thanks to the markings, the rails and the rungs can always remain the same, so that a single kit enables a roof ladder that can be adapted to different, predetermined roof pitches on site, for example.

The advantages of the invention will now be explained in more detail using a preferred exemplary embodiment and the figures.

• 1 eine schematische Ansicht auf die Einzelteile eines Bausatzes für eine Dachleiter gemäß einer möglichen Ausführungsform;
• 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht auf ein Dach umfassend eine Dachleiter gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
• 3a-d jeweils eine teilweise Seitenansicht auf eine für eine entsprechende Dachneigung eingestellte Dachleiter;
• 4 eine Draufsicht von oben auf eine mögliche Ausführungsform der Dachleiter.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic view of the individual parts of a kit for a roof ladder according to a possible embodiment;
• 2 a schematic side view of a roof comprising a roof ladder according to a further embodiment;
• 3a-d each a partial side view of a roof ladder adjusted for a corresponding roof pitch;
• 4 a plan view from above of a possible embodiment of the roof ladder.

In 1 is shown in a schematic view, not to scale, the individual parts of a kit for a roof ladder 1 according to a possible embodiment. In the present case, the roof ladder 1 comprises two bars 2 arranged parallel to one another, which are connected to one another by rungs or steps 3 . In the illustration shown, the rungs 3 are already in the assembled state. In the present case, a spar 2 is produced from a plurality of spar elements 4, here two that can be connected to one another. The spar elements 4 can be connected to one another via a non-positive and/or positive connection at their ends facing one another in order to be joined to form a single, coherent spar 2 . As indicated here by nuts, washers and screws, the connection can be detachable. A separate part, such as a connector 5, which overlaps both ends of the spar elements 4, can be provided for the connection.

A stop device 6 for securing a user of the roof ladder 1 from falling can be arranged on at least one side of the roof ladder 1, ie on at least one spar 2. The attachment device 6 can comprise at least two individual attachment points per spar 2 or spar element 4 . The at least two individual attachment points can preferably be used to hold or guide a cable of a user's tether along the rail 2 or the rail element 4 . The stop device 6 can be designed as a rod, as shown here, and run parallel to the beam 2 or beam element 4 . The bar connects at least two individual attachment points with each other. As shown, it can be C-shaped, i.e. have a comparatively long part parallel to the beam 2 and two legs bent perpendicularly thereto, for example. The stop device 6 can in each case extend from one end of a spar element 2 to its other end. It can be fastened on the one hand to an end point 7, 8 and on the other hand to, for example, the connector 5, for example by means of screws. If the user climbs the roof ladder from the bottom up, for example, when he reaches the upper rail element 4 he must unhook the rope of his safety belt from the lower attachment device 6 of the lower rail element 4 and hook it into the upper attachment device 6 of the upper rail element 4.

In principle, it would be conceivable that the stop device 6 bridges several rail elements 4, that is to say runs from an upper to a lower end of the entire rail 2, that is to say over its entire length. In this way, the roof ladder 1 can be easily walked on by the user along the entire length of the spar 2 without the user having to unlatch the rope between two consecutive attachment devices 6 .

In 2 1 is a schematic side view of a roof comprising a roof ladder 1 according to a further embodiment. A crossbar 9, whose longitudinal axis runs parallel to the rungs 3, can be used to anchor the roof ladder 1 in the roof skin or the roof structure. In the present tiled roof with a shingled roof covering with battens, the crossbar 9 can be connected to the roof structure, ie the battens here, via a holding device 10 . In principle, the crossbar 9 can be at least partially (ie only over part of its entire length) designed as a threaded rod and passed through corresponding recesses in the spars 2 or spar elements 4 and screwed to them by means of nuts. In principle, the crossbar 9 can also cover the entire be designed as a threaded rod. The crossbar 9 can be attached to the holding device 10, for example via its thread or threaded section by nuts on the crossbar 9 can be releasably fixed, see the two nuts in the middle of the crossbar 9 and the representation of 4 . A top view of a possible embodiment of the roof ladder 1 is shown there. The partially cut detail shows the possible cross-sectional profile of the rung 3. The holding device 10 can have a corresponding through-opening for the crossbar 9 at one end (see 2 ) include and at the other end of the roof structure or the roof skin can be fastened, for example by screws. The holding device 10 can be made of flat material, such as sheet metal, preferably a non-rusting material.

Regardless of the embodiment shown, the crossbar 9 can be arranged directly below one rung 3 in such a way that it covers the crossbar 9, as is the case, for example, in 4 is indicated. One, two or up to three such crossbars 9 can be provided for each spar 2 or spar element 4, for example at one end, at both ends of the spar 2 or of the spar element 4 or additionally in the middle thereof. The crossbars 9 can be passed through the connectors 5 or the end points 7, 8 (see 2 , 4 ) passed through and screwed to them.

How to view the 2 the bars 2 include several markings 11 for the rungs 3. The markings 11 are used to indicate different angles of inclination of the rung 3 parallel to its longitudinal axis, in order to adapt the rungs 3 of the roof ladder 1 to the pitch of the roof on which the roof ladder 1 can be mounted is to adapt.

Here the markings 11 are in the form of through holes 12 and a centering hole 13 . The markings 11 are used when assembling the roof ladder 1 from individual parts as an orientation, on the one hand at which point and on the other hand in which position the rungs 3 are to be fastened to the spars 2 or the spar elements 4 . The markings 11 are designed in such a way that the rungs 3 can be in different positions, preferably angular positions in relation to the bars 2 . In other words, the rungs 3 can be adapted to a predetermined roof pitch in such a way that their treads always remain parallel to one another and parallel to the horizontal plane.

The setting of the position of the rungs 3 relative to the spar 2 for different roof pitches is in the 3a until 3d illustrated. The through holes 12 made in the bars 2 are distributed around the circumference of a circular arc, such as a circle of holes. Their division angle, which describes the distance between two directly adjacent through-holes 12 on the arc of a circle, is 10° from through-hole 11 to through-hole 11, for example. The centering hole 13 is arranged in the center of the circular arc or ring of holes.

In the present case, the rungs 3 have three attachment points 14, 15, 16 for attachment to the rail 2 or the rail element 4. The attachment points 14, 15, 16 are dimensioned in terms of their distance from one another such that they can be aligned with the markings 11, in particular the through holes 12 and the centering hole 13 can be brought into congruence, i.e. are designed to be complementary to one another. For this purpose, the attachment points 15, 16 are dimensioned in relation to the attachment point 14 so that they lie on the same arc (i.e. have the same radius) as the through holes 12 of the bars 2 in relation to the centering hole 13. The attachment points 15, 16 of the Rung 3 can be spaced from each other by the same or a multiple of the pitch angle on the circular arc. The division angle of said attachment points 15, 16 corresponds to that of the ring of holes of the spar 2, is therefore identical to this. You can see in the 3a-3d that in the present case the two attachment points 15, 16 of the rung 3 are arranged spaced apart from one another by twice the pitch angle.

In 3a you can see that for a roof pitch of 45°, i.e. a corresponding position of the rail 2 of the roof ladder 1 in relation to the rung 3, the attachment point 15 of the rung 3 is congruent with the uppermost and the attachment point 16 is congruent with the third uppermost through hole 11 of the rail 2 .

3b shows the setting of the rungs 3 with respect to the beam 2 on a roof pitch of 35°. Here are the attachment points 15, 16 of the rung 3 in contrast to the representation in the 3a further pivoted downwards about a through hole 11 on the circular arc or ring of holes of the spar 2, that is to say here by a pitch angle of 10°. In the representation of 3c (roof pitch of 25°) these are in turn pivoted further around a through hole 11 of the spar 2 than in 3b . The 3d finally shows the adjustment of the rungs 3 in their position relative to the bars 2 to a roof pitch of 15 °. In comparison to 3a if the rungs are pivoted further down by 30°, they engage in the two lowest through-holes 12 of the bars 2.

Regardless of the in the 3a until 3d In the embodiments shown, it would also be conceivable to realize the positive and/or non-positive connection of the rungs 3 to the bars 2 as follows: The at least two, here the three attachment points could be on both sides (axial ends) of the rung 3 in the manner of be designed as flat tongues, which could be inserted into markings 11 designed in a complementary manner, for example as slot-shaped through-holes. After inserting the tongues of the rungs 3 in the slot-shaped through holes of the bars 2, they would be bent over to create the said connection between the rung 3 on the bar 2. Instead of or in addition to this embodiment or the screws, the rungs 3 could also be riveted to the spars 2 or spar elements 4 .

In order to assemble the roof ladder 1 from the kit according to the invention, the two rails 2 or rail elements 4 are placed parallel to one another, e.g. on the ground. Then the rungs 3 are distributed between the bars 2 at a distance from one another. The rungs 3 are first brought, e.g. individually and one after the other, with their one attachment point 14 into alignment with the centering hole 13 of the rail 2 and connected to it via the positive and/or non-positive connection. This is preferably carried out for all rungs 3 of the rail 2 or rail element 4 . This gives the roof ladder 1 a certain stability during assembly, because the rungs 3 are already held on the bars 2, which means that they can also be assembled by just one fitter. One advantage of using screws to achieve the positive and/or non-positive connection is as follows: The screw that is at least partially screwed into the first fastening point 14 and the centering hole 13 serves as the axis of rotation for setting the position relative to the bars 2. The corresponding rung 3 can thus easily be rotated about this axis of rotation in order to bring the further attachment points 15, 16 with the corresponding markings 11, in this case the through-holes 12 on the spar 2, into alignment.

After at least one further, still loose attachment point 15, 16 of the corresponding rung 3 has been aligned with the complementary marking 11 resulting in the desired roof pitch or the through hole/holes 11 of the rail 2 or rail element 4, the rung 3 also connected to the beam 2 by means of the positive and/or non-positive connection. Again, this happens rung by rung. After this, several individual spar elements 4 can be connected to form a respective spar 2, e.g. by means of connectors 5. Then the end points 7, 8 are screwed onto the spar 2 and after this the stop devices 6 can now be attached.

After this, for example, a crossbar 9 can be inserted into the rails 2 or rail elements 4 at both ends of the roof ladder 1 or the rail 2 or the rail element 4. The holding device 10 is mounted on the crossbar 9 . The roof ladder 1 constructed in this way from the kit can now be mounted on the roof skin or the roof structure of the roof.

Preferably, all elements of the kit, but preferably at least the spars 2 or spar elements 4, the rungs 3, as well as the crossbar 9 and the holding device 10 can be made of a rustproof material such as a light metal or aluminum alloy. This also applies to the screw connections mentioned. The rungs 3 can be made from a hollow profile which is essentially C-shaped in cross section.

With the invention, a roof ladder can be specified whose treads (rungs) are always designed parallel to one another and inclined to the horizontal plane, depending on the existing, predetermined roof pitch of the building. Since a kit now covers several roof pitches, a separate roof ladder adapted to it no longer needs to be stocked for each roof pitch. It is also no longer necessary for every roof ladder specially adapted to the corresponding roof pitch to be individually tested for safety by a technical testing organization. This reduces the storage and testing costs for such a roof ladder according to the invention.

Reference List

1

roof ladder

2

spar

3

rung or step

4

spar element

5

Interconnects

6

stop device

7, 8

endpoint

9

crossbar

10

holding device

11

markings

12

through holes

13

center hole

14, 15, 16

attachment point

Claims (14)

Kit for a roof ladder (1) of a structure, such as a building, comprising two bars (2) and a plurality of rungs (3) which can be connected to the bars (2), the bars (2) for each rung (3) have a plurality of markings (11), each marking (11) indicating a different position of the rung (3) relative to the stiles (2), so that the rung (3) is individually positioned relative to the stiles depending on the marking (11). (2) is adjustable. kit after claim 1 , characterized in that the markings (11) indicate different angles of inclination of the rung (3) parallel to the longitudinal axis of the respective rung (3) in order to adapt the rungs (3) of the roof ladder (1) to the roof pitch of a roof on which the roof ladder ( 1) is mountable to customize. kit after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the markings (11) are designed in the form of a plurality of through holes (12) made in the bars (2) and the through holes (12) are preferably distributed over the circumference of a circular arc, such as a ring of holes, with the Pitch angle, which describes the distance between two adjacent through-holes (12) on the circular arc, is the same from through-hole (12) to through-hole (12) and is preferably 5°, 10° or 15°, and the markings (11) preferably also have a centering hole (13) include that lies in the center of the circular arc. Kit according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that each rung (3) can be fastened to the stile on each of its sides facing the stile via at least two fastening points (14, 15, 16) by means of a positive and/or non-positive connection. kit after claim 4 , characterized in that the markings (11) on the bars (2) and the at least two attachment points (14, 15, 16) on the rungs (3) are designed to complement one another in such a way that, depending on the selected position of the rung (3rd ) to the spar the at least two attachment points (14, 15, 16) always overlap with at least two of the markings (11) on the respective spar, with the number of markings (11) on the spars (2) preferably being greater than the number of Attachment points (14, 15, 16) of the rungs (3). kit after claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that each rung (3) with its one fastening point (14, 15, 16) congruent with the centering hole (13) and with its at least one further fastening point (14, 15, 16) congruent with a through hole (12) on the Arc of the spar (2) can be brought. Kit according to one of the Claims 4 until 6 , characterized in that each rung (3) has exactly three fastening points (14, 15, 16) on each of its sides facing the struts (2), two of the fastening points (14, 15, 16) being connected to one another by the pitch angle or a multiple of which are spaced apart from one another on the arc of a circle, so that the two attachment points (14, 15, 16) can be brought congruently to two corresponding through-holes (12) at the same pitch angle on the arc of a circle of the spar (2). Kit according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that a spar is made of several spar elements (4) that can be connected to one another and preferably the spar elements (4) can be connected to one another in a non-positive and/or positive manner at their ends, the connection preferably being designed to be detachable. Kit according to one of the Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that at least two individual attachment points are arranged on at least one spar, preferably along its entire length, with an attachment device (6) for securing a user of the roof ladder (1) from falling being fastened to the individual attachment points, the attachment device (6) being preferred is designed to guide a cable of a user's safety belt along the bar (2) and the attachment device (6) is preferably designed as a cable or rod which runs essentially parallel to the bar. kit after claim 9 , characterized in that when the stop device (6) is designed as a rod, it is C-shaped. Kit according to one of the Claims 1 until 10 , characterized in that the bars (2) can be connected to one another via a crossbar (9) to which a holding device for anchoring the roof ladder (1) in the roof skin or the roof construction can be attached, the crossbar (9) preferably being at least partially is designed as a threaded rod, passed through corresponding recesses in the bars (2) and is screwed to the bars (2) by means of nuts. Kit according to one of the Claims 1 until 11 , characterized in that the positive and / or non-positive connection in the form of screws, preferably thread-forming screws, such as sheet metal screw and is particularly preferably designed as a rustproof screw. Roof ladder (1) of a structure, such as a building, comprising two bars (2) and a plurality of rungs (3) which can be connected to the bars (2), the bars (2) having a marking (11) for the rungs ( 3) have to adjust the rungs (3) in their position relative to the bars (2) individually, wherein the roof ladder (1) is available in particular from a kit according to one of Claims 1 until 12 . Roof of a structure, such as a building, comprising a roof ladder (1). Claim 13 .

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