DE102021126076A1 - Formwork element, column insulation formwork and sealing plugs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork element (1) with a border (3) delimiting an interior space (2), in which a first opening (5) is formed, to which a second opening (6) is assigned diametrically opposite, the border ( 3) a third opening (7) is formed with a straight line perpendicular to the connecting line between the first opening (5) and the second opening (6). The invention also relates to a column insulating formwork (26) and a sealing plug.

Description

The invention relates to a formwork element with a border delimiting an interior space, in which a first opening is formed, to which a second opening is assigned diametrically opposite, the border being at the intersection point with a straight line perpendicular to the connecting line between the first opening and the second opening a third opening is formed. The invention further relates to a column insulating formwork and a sealing plug.

In modern construction projects, especially in multi-storey buildings or residential buildings, it is often necessary to integrate so-called tension or compression supports into the masonry, which derive the ceiling or roof loads, with steel reinforcement being arranged in the core of a tension or compression support and the core is filled with concrete. The integration of such a tension or compression strut into the masonry in a conventional manner is very complex, since the masonry has to be recessed at the appropriate point, which can be in corners, walls or in the reveal area, and the resulting gap with formwork panels inside and must be boarded on the outside to enable the subsequent insertion of the steel reinforcement and the pouring of concrete. To improve the thermal insulation, a thermal insulation board can be added to the outer casing. In this way, the tension or compression strut is manufactured storey by storey, whereby the casing has to be removed and cleaned after a curing time.

This description reveals the very labor-intensive and time-consuming workflow, to simplify the applicant prefabricated columns according to the DE 10 2018 100 707 A1 have been suggested. The problem here is that these pillars have to be manufactured and provided in different embodiments, depending on where the respective pillar is to be used in the masonry, ie whether the position of the pillar is in a wall, a corner or a reveal. The different pillars necessitate an increased effort in production and an increased logistical effort both on the part of the manufacturer and the user on the construction site.

The object of the present invention is therefore to reduce or completely eliminate the disadvantages described above.

This object is achieved by a formwork element having the features of claim 1, by a column insulating formwork having the features of claim 16 and by a sealing plug having the features of claim 20. Advantageous configurations with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The formwork element described above offers the advantage that it can be flexibly combined on the construction site to form the required tension or compression supports, since the formwork element with the three openings is already intended for use in the wall, in a corner or in a reveal is, so only one embodiment has to be manufactured and kept available.

It has been shown to be expedient for integration into the usual designs of the masonry if the border has a rectangular shape in cross section with four side surfaces and the first opening, the second opening and the third opening are each arranged centrally in the associated side surface in the circumferential direction. A different positioning of the openings is nevertheless possible, i.e. shifted from the center or offset to the edge. The rectangular shape of the border offers clear advantages when it is filled with concrete, since the correspondingly formed rectangular concrete cores can, in contrast to round concrete cores, absorb significantly higher transverse loads, in particular wind loads, from a static point of view and are therefore much more suitable for use as pressure or tension supports. In addition, most compression prop reinforcement cages are rectangular in shape.

The first opening, the second opening and the third opening have the same shape, with a first sealing plug being detachably arranged on the inner surface of the skirt in the inner space, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of any one of the first opening, the second opening or the third Opening is adapted to the closing. This sealing plug can be used to prepare the formwork element for the specifically desired use by positioning the sealing plug in one of the openings. It should be noted that when using the formwork element in a wall or a corner, two openings are used and only the additional opening needs to be closed, so that for the most common applications the formwork element is delivered connected to the required sealing plug, i.e. the one for no separate delivery and provision is required for the sealing plugs and no separate provision has to be made on the construction site either.

It has been shown to be advantageous if the border is on the upper side and on the lower side Side of the border are formed to the three openings complementary partial openings, since the combination of several formwork elements and their connection is simplified.

In order to achieve improved suitability for the required backfilling with concrete, each of the three openings is designed to taper from the inside of the border to the outside and the sealing plug has a corresponding shape. As a result, the sealing plug is pressed outwards into the opening when it is filled with concrete, as a result of which the opening is automatically closed and sealed without the need for additional components in the interior

In order to prevent the plug from being pushed too far into the opening and to ensure that the plug takes its correct position, the plug has a collar for cooperation with a groove formed in the partial opening.

For easier combination of several formwork elements, one of the upper side of the border and the lower side of the border is designed with a groove and the other with a tongue to form a tongue and groove system. This maintains the mutual position of two adjacent formwork elements and also prevents concrete from escaping.

For the connection of two formwork elements, it is preferred if a structure is formed on the upper side of the border as an anti-twist device for interaction in the correct rotational position with a complementary structure formed according to the lock and key principle on the lower side, especially if the structure and the Complementary structure are formed as a tenon and a tenon groove. This facilitates and ensures the correct orientation of the formwork elements with their partial openings to form the full openings.

It is particularly preferred if a second sealing plug and a third sealing plug are provided, the shape of which corresponds to that of the first sealing plug. The sealing plug is therefore also available as a separate component and is not only provided in the version connected to the border. Therefore, variants can also be formed that require the closure of more than one opening, for example if a reveal or a free-standing pillar is to be formed.

If a shaped brick element is provided for attachment to one of the side faces, the soundproofing and fire protection can be improved in a simple manner. The application of a layer of plaster is also simplified. It is also advantageous that the weather-related signs of an insulating layer on an outer facade are reduced or even eliminated. For this purpose, the shaped brick element can be provided in multiples for attachment to a plurality of the side surfaces.

For use, it is advantageous if the shaped brick element has a strut intended for insertion into the opening, which can be simply concreted in and thus secured.

It is very particularly preferred within the scope of the invention if the border is designed as a foamed insulating formwork sleeve and the sealing plug is foamed onto the insulating formwork sleeve. In this embodiment, in addition to the simple production, there is also a good insulating effect due to the choice of material. Extruded polystyrene or expanded polystyrene is particularly suitable as a material. The insulation sleeve can be provided with a UV protective coating on the outside.

The advantages of the formwork elements are particularly evident in the case of a column insulation formwork with a plurality of formwork elements of the above-mentioned type arranged one above the other when the interior is filled with concrete and steel reinforcement is introduced into the concrete.

Reinforcement means, in particular wall anchors for connection to masonry, can then be guided at least through the openings in one of the side surfaces of the border, with a plug being arranged in each of the openings that are not provided with reinforcement means.

It is also advantageous if a slit is formed centrally in a sealing plug for a formwork element in order to provide a predetermined breaking point.

The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without going beyond the scope of the leave invention. Embodiments are therefore also to be regarded as included and disclosed by the invention which are not explicitly shown or explained in the figures, but which result from the explained embodiments and can be generated by means of separate combinations of features.

• 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Schalungselementes mit rechteckiger Querschnittsgestalt und einem an dessen inneren Oberfläche lösbar angeordneten Verschlussstopfen, aus einer Sicht von oben
• 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Schalungselementes mit rechteckiger Querschnittsgestalt aus einer Sicht von unten mit einem Bewehrungsring,
• Fig, 2a eine der 2 entsprechende Darstellung mit dem in die Nut der unteren Seite eingelegten Bewehrungsring,
• 3 eine der 1 entsprechende Darstellung nach der Trennung des Verschlussstopfens von dem Schalungselement,
• 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Verschlussstopfens,
• 5 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Verschlussstopfens aus einer anderen Sicht,
• 6 eine der 4 entsprechende Darstellung eines Verschlussstopfens mit einem als Sollbruchstelle gebildeten Schlitz,
• 7 eine der 5 entsprechende Darstellung des Verschlussstopfens aus 6,
• 8 eine der 7 entsprechende Darstellung eines Teils des Verschlussstopfens nach dessen Trennung entlang des Schlitzes,
• 9 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Teils des Verschlussstopfens aus 8 aus einer anderen Sicht,
• 10 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Schalungselementes mit rechteckiger Querschnittsgestalt und einer der dritten Öffnung gegenüberliegenden vierten Öffnung, aus einer Sicht von oben,
• 11 eine der 3 entsprechende Darstellung einer Ausführungsform mit einer aufgeklebten Ziegelplatte, ohne den Verschlussstopfen,
• 12 eine der 11 entsprechende Darstellung einer Ausführungsform mit einem Ziegelformelement,
• 13 eine der 10 entsprechende perspektivische Darstellung eines Schalungselementes mit einem eine Strebe aufweisenden Ziegelformelement,
• 14 eine der 10 entsprechende perspektivische Darstellung eines Schalungselementes mit zwei jeweils eine Strebe aufweisenden Ziegelformelementen,
• 15 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer aus drei Schalungselementen gemäß der 14 gebildeten Säulendämmschalung,
• 16 eine perspektivische Darstellung der Säulendämmschalung aus 15 aus einer anderen Sicht mit Blick auf die Oberfläche der Ziegelformelemente,
• 17 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer aus drei Schalungselementen gebildeten, für eine Wand genutzten Säulendämmschalung mit eingelegten Wandankern und durch Verschlussstopfen verschlossenen dritten Öffnungen,
• 18 eine perspektivische Darstellung, teilweise geschnitten dargestellt der Säulendämmschalung aus 17,
• 19 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer aus drei Schalungselementen gebildeten, für eine Ecke genutzten Säulendämmschalung mit eingelegten Wandankern und durch Verschlussstopfen verschlossenen ersten Öffnungen,
• 20 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer aus drei Schalungselementen gebildeten, für eine Laibung genutzten Säulendämmschalung mit eingelegten Wandankern und durch Verschlussstopfen verschlossenen zweiten Öffnungen und dritten Öffnungen,
• 21 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer aus drei Schalungselementen gebildeten, für eine Säule genutzten Säulendämmschalung durch Verschlussstopfen verschlossenen ersten Öffnungen und zweiten Öffnungen und dritten Öffnungen,
• 22 eine perspektivische Darstellung, teilweise geschnitten dargestellt der Säulendämmschalung aus 21, und
• 23 eine perspektivische Darstellung der in eine Wand integrierten Säulendämmschalung aus 17.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawings. show:

• 1 a perspective view of a formwork element with a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a sealing plug releasably arranged on its inner surface, viewed from above
• 2 a perspective view of a formwork element with a rectangular cross-sectional shape viewed from below with a reinforcement ring,
• Fig, 2a one of 2 corresponding representation with the reinforcement ring inserted in the groove on the lower side,
• 3 one of the 1 corresponding representation after the separation of the sealing plug from the formwork element,
• 4 a perspective view of a sealing plug,
• 5 a perspective view of a sealing plug from a different point of view,
• 6 one of the 4 Corresponding representation of a sealing plug with a slot formed as a predetermined breaking point,
• 7 one of the 5 corresponding representation of the sealing plug 6 ,
• 8th one of the 7 Corresponding representation of a part of the sealing plug after its separation along the slit,
• 9 a perspective view of the part of the sealing plug 8th from another point of view
• 10 a perspective view of a formwork element with a rectangular cross-sectional shape and a fourth opening opposite the third opening, viewed from above,
• 11 one of the 3 corresponding representation of an embodiment with a glued-on brick plate, without the sealing plug,
• 12 one of the 11 Corresponding representation of an embodiment with a shaped brick element,
• 13 one of the 10 Corresponding perspective representation of a formwork element with a shaped brick element having a strut,
• 14 one of the 10 Corresponding perspective representation of a formwork element with two shaped brick elements each having a strut,
• 15 a perspective view of three formwork elements according to the 14 formed column insulation formwork,
• 16 a perspective view of the column insulation formwork 15 from another point of view looking at the surface of the brick form elements,
• 17 a perspective view of a column insulation formwork formed from three formwork elements and used for a wall with inserted wall anchors and third openings closed by sealing plugs,
• 18 a perspective view, shown partially in section, of the column insulation formwork 17 ,
• 19 a perspective view of a column insulation formwork formed from three formwork elements and used for a corner with inserted wall anchors and first openings closed by sealing plugs,
• 20 a perspective view of a column insulation formwork formed from three formwork elements and used for a reveal with inserted wall anchors and closed by sealing plugs second openings and third openings,
• 21 a perspective view of a column insulation formwork formed from three formwork elements and used for a column, first openings and second openings and third openings closed by sealing plugs,
• 22 a perspective view, shown partially in section, of the column insulation formwork 21 , and
• 23 a perspective view of the column insulation formwork integrated into a wall 17 .

In the 1 a formwork element 1 is shown with an inner space 2 delimiting border 3, which in the embodiment shown has a rectangular shape with four side faces 4 in cross section. In the border 3, a first opening 5 is formed, which is associated with a second opening 6 diametrically opposite. A third opening 7 is formed at the point of intersection of the border 3 with a straight line which is perpendicular to the connecting line between the first opening 5 and the second opening 6 . Again in the embodiment shown, the first opening 5, the second opening 6 and the third opening 7 are each circumferentially centered in the passage arranged side surface 4, wherein the three openings 5, 6, 7 complementary partial openings 11 are formed on the upper side 9 of the border 3 and the lower side 10 of the border 3. In the exemplary embodiments shown, 4 foam grooves 32 are arranged in pairs on three side faces.

It should be pointed out that the cross section can also have a different shape, for example a circle, an ellipse, an oval or a polygon with a number of side faces 4 other than four, and that the openings 5, 6, 7 do not have to be at the edges , but can also be arranged in the middle of the side surfaces 4 .

The first opening 5, the second opening 6 and the third opening 7 have the same shape, a first sealing plug 13 being detachably arranged on the inner surface 12 of the border 3 in the interior 2 ( 1 ), the shape of which is adapted to the shape of any one of the first opening 5, the second opening 6 or the third opening 7 for its closure, so that the first closure plug 13 after its separation from the border 3 into one of the openings 5, 6, 7 can be used and closes it.

Since each of the three openings 5, 6, 7 tapers from the inside of the border 3 to the outside and the first sealing plug 13 has a corresponding shape with a cone 16, the first sealing plug 13 inserted into the openings 5, 6, 7 causes a seal, in particular against the concrete filled into the interior 2, which presses the first sealing plug 13 with its cone 16 into a correspondingly shaped opening 5, 6, 7.

To ensure that the first stopper 13 is not pressed too far into the opening 5, 6, 7, the first stopper 13 has a collar 14 to interact with a groove 15 formed in the partial opening 11, so that a positive locking of the first Closing plug 13 is given against the side surface 4 of the border 3.

It should be noted that a second plug 17 and a third plug 18 having the same shape as the first plug 13 may be provided. The 4 until 9 point out that the sealing plugs 13, 17, 18 can be formed centrally with a slot 19 to provide a predetermined breaking point, so that a division of the sealing plug into half-plugs 20 is possible.

11 shows an embodiment in which a brick plate 21 is glued to one of the side surfaces 4 . Brick plates 21 can also be arranged on more than one side face 4 and in particular on all side faces 4 .

In 12 shows that a shaped brick element 22 is provided for attachment to one of the side surfaces 4, whereby here too the shaped brick element 22 can be provided in multiples for attachment to a plurality of the side surfaces 4. 13 Figure 1 shows that the shaped brick element 22 can have a strut 23 intended for insertion into the opening 5,6,7. It is therefore also advantageous if an opening 5, 6, 7, 8 is formed in each of the side surfaces 4, i.e. there are also fourth openings 8 for interaction with a strut 23. This fourth opening 8 can also be closed by a sealing plug 13, 17, 18 be closed, since this is formed the same as the second openings 6 and third opening 7 .

A brick panel provided by the brick panels 21 or the brick shaped elements 22 forms a homogeneous surface that can be easily further processed, in particular the application of a plaster layer is simplified. This also improves soundproofing and fire protection.

The border 3 is designed as a foamed insulating formwork sleeve and the first sealing plug 13 is foamed onto the insulating formwork sleeve, with expanded polystyrene or extruded polystyrene having proven itself as a material, through which good thermal insulation values can also be achieved.

Instead of using a brick panel, the insulation sleeve can be provided with a UV protective coating on the outside if required.

The 1 and 2 show that one of the upper side 9 of the border 3 and the lower side 10 of the border 3 is designed with a groove 24 and the other with a tongue 25 to form a tongue and groove system; in the exemplary embodiments shown, the groove 24 is arranged on the lower side, since the formwork element 1 can thus be easily placed on a base with a large bearing surface. In the embodiment shown it is further provided that on the upper side 9 of the border 3 as an anti-twist structure is formed to interact in the correct rotational position with a formed according to the lock and key principle complementary structure on the lower side 10 of the border 3 the structure and the complementary structure are formed as a tenon 34 and a tenon groove 35, the tenon 34 being the upper side 9 is assigned, namely the tongue 25, while the pivot groove 35 is formed in the wall of the groove 24. The pin 34 and the pin groove 35 ensure that one formwork element 1 is not positioned in a twisted manner relative to the adjacent formwork element 1 and then openings 5,6,7,8 do not coincide.

The tongue and groove system facilitates the formation of a column insulation formwork 26 with a plurality of formwork elements 1 arranged one above the other, as is shown in FIGS 15 until 23 is shown. It can be seen in the 2 and 2a also a reinforcement ring 33, which can be inserted into the groove 24, which is particularly useful if the formwork element 1 is to be used at the bottom of the column insulating formwork 26 as a "starter stone", since this formwork element 1 can withstand the highest pressure load after it has been filled with concrete must and does not have the opportunity to be supported on the spring 25 of an underlying formwork element 1. The reinforcement ring 33 can also be used in any formwork element 1, in which case a receptacle is preferably formed in the groove 24 or the tongue 25. The reinforcement ring 33 is preferably made of mild steel, aluminum or plastic with the ends welded or connected to one another.

The 17 and 18 show the arrangement of the column insulation formwork 26 for the use of an in 23 Wall 27 shown, wherein the third openings 7 are closed by first sealing plugs 13. It should be noted that 1 half plugs 20 are used for the edge formwork elements. Alternatively, the half-plugs 20 can also be replaced by construction foam or similar means, as a result of which an approximately equivalent sealing of the partial openings 11 can be achieved. In the first openings 5 and the second openings 6 wall anchors 28 are inserted. A steel reinforcement (not shown) can be introduced into the interior 2 of each formwork element 1 and thus into the column insulating formwork 26 as a whole, both as a tension support and/or as a pressure support. The interior 2 is filled with concrete, whereby the first sealing plugs 13 are pressed into the third openings 7 and develop a sealing effect. The tongue and groove system also prevents concrete from escaping. Gluing the formwork elements 1, in particular with PU foam, is not required, but is nevertheless possible. The use of the column insulation formwork 26 in a wall 27 is required particularly frequently and the first sealing plug 13 required for this is delivered with each formwork element 1.

The 17 until 22 show that at least through the openings 5, 6, 7, 8 of one of the side surfaces 4 of the border 3 reinforcement means, namely in the embodiment shown wall anchors 28 for connection to a masonry, are guided, and that in the openings not provided with a wall anchor 28 respectively a plug 13, 17, 18 is arranged. The column insulating formwork 26 can therefore only be used for a wall 27 ( 17 ), for a corner 29 ( 19 ) or a reveal 30 ( 20 ). If all openings 5, 6, 7 or 5, 6, 7, 8 are closed with sealing plugs 13, 17, 18, the stand-alone use of the column insulating formwork 26 as a pillar 31 is also possible ( 21 ).

reference list

1

formwork element

2

inner space

3

border

4

side face

5

first opening

6

second opening

7

third opening

8th

fourth opening

9

upper side

10

lower side

11

partial opening

12

inner surface

13

first plug

14

Federation

15

groove of the opening

16

cone

17

second sealing plug

18

third plug

19

slot

20

half plug

21

brick panel

22

brick feature

23

strut

24

Groove the lower side

25

Feather

26

column insulation formwork

27

Wall

28

wall anchor

29

Corner

30

reveal

31

pier

32

foam grooves

33

reinforcement ring

34

cones

35

tenon groove

36

slab edge formwork

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102018100707 A1 [0003]

Claims (21)

Formwork element (1) with a border (3) delimiting an interior space (2), in which a first opening (5) is formed, to which a second opening (6) is assigned diametrically opposite, characterized in that at the intersection of the border (3rd ) a third opening (7) is formed with the border with a straight line perpendicular to the connecting line between the first opening (5) and the second opening (6). Formwork element (1) after claim 1 , characterized in that the border (3) has a rectangular shape in cross section with four side surfaces (4) and the first opening (5), the second opening (6) and the third opening (7) in the circumferential direction each centrally in the associated Side surface (4) are arranged. Formwork element (1) after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first opening (5), the second opening (6) and the third opening (7) have the same shape and that on the inner surface (12) of the skirt (3) in the inner space (2) detachable a first sealing plug (13) is arranged, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of any one of the first opening (5), the second opening (6) or the third opening (7) for closing it. Formwork element (1) after claim 3 , characterized in that on the upper side (9) of the border (3) and the lower side (10) of the border (3) partial openings (11) which complement the three openings (5,6,7) are formed. Formwork element (1) after claim 4 , characterized in that each of the three openings (5,6,7) tapers from the inside of the border (3) to the outside and the first sealing plug (13) has a shape corresponding thereto. Formwork element (1) after claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the first sealing plug (13) has a collar (14) for cooperation with a groove (15) formed in the partial opening (11). Formwork element (1) according to one of Claims 4 until 6 , characterized in that one of the upper side (9) of the border (3) and the lower side (10) of the border (3) with a groove (24) and the other with a tongue (25) to form a groove Spring system is designed. Formwork element (1) according to one of claims 3 until 6 , characterized in that a second sealing plug (17) and a third sealing plug (18), the shape of which corresponds to that of the first sealing plug (13), are provided. Formwork element (1) according to one of claims 2 until 8th , characterized in that a brick shaped element (22) is provided for attachment to one of the side faces (4). Formwork element (1) after claim 9 , characterized in that the brick mold element (22) is provided in multiples for attachment to a plurality of the side faces (4). Formwork element (1) after claim 9 or 10 , characterized in that the shaped brick element (22) has a strut (23) intended for insertion into the opening (5,6,7). Formwork element (1) according to one of claims 3 until 11 , characterized in that the border (3) is designed as a foamed insulating formwork sleeve and the first sealing plug (13) is foamed onto the insulating formwork sleeve. Formwork element (1) after claim 12 , characterized in that the insulating formwork sleeve is provided on the outside with a UV protective coating. Formwork element (1) according to one of Claims 4 until 13 , characterized in that on the upper side (9) of the border (3) a structure is formed as an anti-twist device for interaction in the correct rotational position with a complementary structure formed according to the lock and key principle on the lower side (10). Formwork element (1) after Claim 14 , characterized in that the structure and the complementary structure are formed as a tenon (34) and a mortise (34). Column insulation formwork (26) with a plurality of formwork elements (1) arranged one above the other according to one of Claims 1 until 15 . Column insulating formwork (26) according to Claim 16 , characterized in that the interior (2) is filled with concrete. Column insulating formwork (26) according to Claim 17 , characterized in that a steel reinforcement is introduced into the concrete. Pillar insulation formwork (26) according to one of Claims 16 until 18 , characterized in that at least through the openings (5,6,7) of one of the side surfaces (4) of the border (3) reinforcement means are passed for connection to a masonry, and that in the openings not provided with reinforcement means (5,6 ,7) a plug (13,17,18) is arranged in each case. Closing plugs (13,17,18) for a formwork element (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 15 , characterized in that a collar (14) is formed, from which a cone (16) extends. sealing plugs (13, 17, 18). claim 20 , characterized in that a slot (19) is formed centrally to provide a predetermined breaking point.

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