DE102021112099A1 - Basket segment and basket for a combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a basket segment for a combine harvester, which extends in a circumferential direction in an arc around a basket axis and has a plurality of fingers which are inclined at an acute finger angle to a vertical extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the transverse bar. The fingers of adjacent transverse ridges are inclined at oppositely arranged finger angles.

Description

The invention relates to a basket segment for a combine harvester for separating or threshing crops, the basket segment extending in a circumferential direction in an arc around a basket axis and having a plurality of finger strips which have transverse strips extending parallel to the rotor axis, on each of which a large number of fingers are parallel to one another are arranged, which are inclined at an acute finger angle to a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the transverse bar extending vertical. Such basket segments are, for example, from DE 10 2016 117 598 A1 known.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a basket with at least one basket segment.

Due to the inclined position of the fingers, they act as guiding elements for the harvested crop. The fingers support the transport of the harvested crop from a front to a rear end of a separating device. The friction occurring during transport is reduced, in particular in relation to fingers extending transversely to the rotor axis. The drive power for the separating rotor of the separating device can be significantly reduced by the fingers arranged parallel--in the inclined position. Furthermore, the harvested crop is less stressed and its structure is better preserved. Due to the reduced friction during operation, the crop can be transported evenly.

Proceeding from this state of the art, it is the object of the present invention to further optimize the basket segment, which and in particular can correspond to a basket consisting of a plurality of basket segments seamlessly lined up next to one another.

To solve this problem, a basket segment according to claim 1 is proposed, which is characterized in that the fingers of adjacent crossbars are inclined at oppositely arranged finger angles. "Opposite" means that in a row with parallel fingers, a positive finger angle is selected when viewed clockwise, and a negative finger angle when viewed clockwise is set in the next row. This results in a zigzag finger pattern from finger row to finger row. This measure results in an optimized breaking up of the ears as well as immediate detachment and separation of the grains. For the crop, small-scale flow channels and depressions are created one behind the other from one row of fingers to the next.

Further developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The finger angle is preferably adjusted consecutively up to +/- 20°, preferably up to +/- 15°, in particular between 4° and 10°. Such a series of fingers allows for optimum ear break-up and low-friction conveyance of the harvested crop in the form of a serpentine line. Preferably, the finger angles are identical on the next-but-one crossbars. The absolute value of the finger angles is the same on all crossbars or varies from crossbar to the next neighboring crossbar. For example, acute finger angles of +/- 5° can be selected or finger angles in which angular dimensions of + 6°, - 10°, + 6°, - 10°, etc. alternate. In both embodiments, a constantly recurring, optimal fanning out can be achieved by moving the harvest strand back and forth.

The crossbars can be pivotable about their longitudinal axis, so that the alignment of the fingers can be adjusted in the radial direction.

The gap between adjacent fingers on the same crossbar is between 10mm and 40mm, preferably between 15mm and 18mm. The gap between the tips of the fingers in one row and the adjacent row of fingers should be at least 10 mm, preferably at least 15 mm.

The fingers themselves are straight and preferably tapered towards their free ends. A further optimization is achieved when the fingertips of the fingers attached to one crossbar are directed towards the base of the fingers on the adjacent crossbar. This creates a zigzag-shaped gap of approximately the same width in the harvested crop flow direction between the respective rows of fingers.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the fingers are arcuately curved and/or angled in their longitudinal axial extent. The curvature or angling of the fingers can run in the radial or tangential, i.e. axial, direction of the basket segment. Such a design reinforces a to-and-fro movement and thus a fanning out of the harvested crop as it passes through the basket segment or the basket.

According to a further embodiment, fingers of adjacent rows can enclose an angle γ of between 150° and 170° in the radial direction, with a trough (sink) being formed as a result. As a result, the crop is not only moved back and forth, but also moved up and down. As a result, several functions (effects) can be combined: threshing out, combing out and shaking out, so that as a result more grains are loosened from the ears and separated. In addition, the structure according to the invention causes a “self-cleaning effect”.

The length of fingers clamped at one end is determined by the size of the cross section of the fingers. The cross-section of the finger can be rectangular, oval, circular or curved on the top and bottom. According to an alternative embodiment, the fingers can be fastened on both sides to a crossbar, which means that the fingers are clamped on both sides, which means they are more stable and flexible, which can then also be made longer compared to fingers with free ends.

The concave segment described can be part of a concave that is used as a pre-concave in a feederhouse area of a combine harvester and/or as a pre-concave of a threshing unit and/or as a threshing concave in a tangential threshing unit and/or as a separating concave for a tangential or axial separating device of a tangential or hybrid combine or of an axial combine harvester.

The uniform inventive concept is to create an arrangement of guide or separating channels or separating sinks that move back and forth in the longitudinal and pulling direction, i.e. deflecting, in opposite directions, running one after the other or offset, which ensure an interrupted and determined passage of the harvested crop. The channels, which have a vertical inlet as an entrance, then serve as push-through grates, along which grains are immediately removed or stripped from the seed heads. In any case, the crop flow is improved by the crop being fanned out more fluidly, so that seeds are more easily detached from the crop.

In the case of axial threshing systems, the zigzag arrangement of the meandering can preferably be rotated backwards by 4° to 8°, with which the movement of the harvested strand is adapted to the axial flow.

• 1a bis c ein Korbsegment in unterschiedlichen Ansichten,
• 2a bis c eine alternative Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der die Finger beidseitig an jeweils einer Querleiste befestigt sind,
• 3a, b jeweils Ansichten einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der die Finger gekrümmt und/oder abgewinkelt sind und
• 4a, b eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung

Further details and configurations of the subject of the invention are explained with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• 1a until c a basket segment in different views,
• 2a until c an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the fingers are attached on both sides to a crossbar,
• 3a, b each showing views of a further embodiment of the invention, in which the fingers are curved and/or angled and
• 4a, b another embodiment of the invention

The basket segment according to the invention can be used seamlessly as a multiple both as a feeder basket, pre-cage and in a threshing basket or for assembly as a separating basket. The seamless basket segment, which is defined as a feeder basket, front basket, threshing basket or as a separator basket by their dimensions, is in each case part of a combine harvester that has a cutterbar with a mower knife, with which grain is cut by means of a cutter bar or mower, which has a grain crop, a seed crop, a harvest of seed bearers or the like and which is transported by means of lateral and central conveyor belts or augers transversely to the direction of travel to a feederhouse. The feederhouse has circulating conveyor slats, namely feeder slats, which transport the cut grain or other types of fruit on an inclined transport area to a feederhouse separating area, precage separating area to the threshing unit and to the separating drum area. The threshing drum rotates above a threshing concave, which has recesses between the threshing bars, through which the detached grains can fall.

The basket segment 10 according to the invention or the basket according to the invention has a frame 11 to which transverse strips 12 are fastened at a parallel distance from one another, to which rows of fingers individual fingers 13, 14 are fastened. The respective longitudinal axis of the fingers forms an acute angle α with the vertical to the transverse bars 12, which can be chosen to be up to 15°.

According to the invention, the finger strips are 13 in 1 are inclined clockwise at an acute angle α, whereas the finger rails 14 are inclined counterclockwise at the same absolute angle. Each of the fingers 13, 14 is rectilinear and arranged to form a gap 15 with the adjacent finger; this gap is between 15 mm and 18 mm. The distance between the tip 131 of a finger 13 and the base 141 of the finger 14 of the adjacent row is at least 10 mm, preferably at least 15 mm. The successive gaps 15 in the indicated flow direction Z thus form a zigzag-shaped meandering course through which the stalks are thrown back and forth and at the same time fanned out, the ears of corn being opened and the grain material passing through the gap 15 or the transverse gaps between successive rows of fingers can fall. The transverse bars 12 can be pivoted about their longitudinal axis, so that the angle of attack of the individual rows of fingers can be pivoted in a corresponding manner.

In the 2a until c The illustrated embodiment of the basket segment differs essentially in that the fingers 16, 17 are longer and are connected to respective crossbars 12 at both ends. The fingers each extend over a longitudinal axial length of more than 50 mm. The angular dimension β is approximately up to 20°, the fingers 16 and 17 also being inclined in opposite directions here. If several segments are placed next to one another, the fingers 16, 17 form a zigzag-shaped path running in the radial direction, which the stalks must pass through during rotation.

Another third embodiment is in 3a, b and c shown. In contrast to the previous embodiments, in which the fingers 13, 14 are each formed in a straight line along their longitudinal axis, in this embodiment fingers 18, 19 are used which are formed in a curved or angled manner. The radius of curvature can be chosen to be approximately 60 mm, for example. The angling of the fingers 18 is chosen such that the two abutting parts of the fingers 18 enclose an obtuse angle δ.

Out of 4a It can be seen that the two fingers 20, 21 are not only inclined at a finger angle α, preferably from 10° to 20°, but also in the radial direction such that they enclose an angle γ, which can be 163°, for example. The fingers 20, 21 of each row are arranged parallel to one another and are rectilinear along their longitudinal axis. At their ends, the fingers are curved in an arc, with a U-shaped gap being formed between each of the two fingers as they progress to the end. The frame 11 has, as shown on the left-hand side of the drawing in 4b recognizable, an upper rectilinear termination and, due to the greater inclination of the fingers 21, transitions into an arcuate part. The angle of inclination φ of the fingers 20 is preferably 5°, the opening angle ε is preferably 102°, which preferably results in an angle γ of 163°.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102016117598 A1 [0001]

Claims (15)

Basket segment for a combine harvester for separating crops, the basket segment (10) extending in a circumferential direction in an arc around a basket axis and having a plurality of finger strips which have transverse strips (12) extending parallel to the rotor axis and on each of which a large number of fingers (13 , 14) are arranged parallel to one another, which are inclined at an acute finger angle (α) to a vertical extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the transverse strip, characterized in that the fingers (13, 14; 16, 17; 18, 19; 20, 21) of adjacent crossbars (12) are inclined under finger angles (α, β) arranged in opposite directions. basket segment after claim 1 , Characterized by finger angles (α, β) up to +/- 20°, preferably +/- 15°, more preferably between 4° and 10°. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the finger angles on the next but one crossbar (12) are identical. basket segment after claim 1 , 2 or 3 , characterized in that the absolute value of the finger angles (α, β) is the same on all transverse strips (12). Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the finger angles (α, β) of adjacent transverse strips (12) are of different sizes. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the transverse strips (12) are pivotable about their longitudinal axis. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the gap (15) between two adjacent fingers on the same crossbar (12) is between 10 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 18 mm. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the gap between the tips (131) of the fingers of one row and the adjacent row of fingers is at least 10 mm, preferably at least 15 mm. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the fingers (13, 14) are straight. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 9 characterized in that the fingertips (131) of the row of fingers attached to one cross bar (11) are directed towards the base (141) of the fingers on the adjacent cross bar. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 8th or 10 , characterized in that the fingers (18, 19) are arcuately curved and/or angled in their longitudinal axial extension. basket segment after claim 11 , characterized in that the curvature or angling of the fingers (18, 19) runs in the radial or tangential (axial) direction of the basket segment. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 5 or 7 until 12 , characterized in that the fingers (16, 17) are fastened on both sides to a respective transverse bar. Basket segment after one of Claims 1 until 13 , characterized in that adjacent fingers (20, 21) in the radial direction enclose an angle (γ) between 150 ° and 170 ° and thereby form a trough. Basket with one or more basket segments claim 1 until 14 , characterized in that the concave is a pre-cage in the elevator area of a combine harvester and/or a pre-cage in front of the threshing unit and/or a threshing concave for a tangential or axial threshing unit and/or a separating basket for a tangential or axial separating device of a tangential, hybrid or axial combine harvester.

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