DE102021103565A1 - Parking lock in a normally locked configuration for a drive train - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a parking lock (1) in a normally locked configuration for a drive train (2), having at least the following components: the ratchet wheel (4) is blocked by the blocking mechanism (3) in a blocking state and the ratchet wheel (4) is released in a free state; and - a fluidic actuation actuator (6), by means of which the locking mechanism (3) can be brought out of the locking state, the actuation actuator (6) being set up to be normally locking. The parking lock (1) is primarily characterized in that the actuation actuator ( 6) comprises an inhibiting element (7), the free state of the ratchet wheel (4) being retained by means of the inhibiting element (7) in an inhibiting position, the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element (7) being permanently durable and fluidically reversible The proposed parking lock ensures free shifting for manual transport, and at the same time the function of the normally locked configuration is easily ensured in normal operation.

Description

The invention relates to a parking lock in a normally locked configuration for a drive train, a parking lock device with such a parking lock for a transmission of a drive train, a transmission with such a parking lock device for a drive train, a drive train with such a transmission, and a motor vehicle with such a transmission Powertrain.

Parking locks are, for example, from the DE 10 2018 115 548 A1 known. Motor vehicles with a parking lock, for example with a so-called by-wire parking lock, in a normally locked configuration, i.e. with a locked chassis in the event of a system failure, which remain in the production plant for a long time, can no longer be freely moved when the battery is empty. There is always a need to keep the battery charged or to recharge it if the parking lock is closed due to a voltage drop. Because this can occur at an unspecified time and also at an unspecified location in the plant, this (unpredictable) risk represents an unacceptable irregularity in the production process. It is essential to loosen this before the delivery of the motor vehicle by means of manual intervention to loosen the emergency opening screw.

Proceeding from this, the present invention is based on the object of at least partially overcoming the disadvantages known from the prior art. The features according to the invention emerge from the independent claims, for which advantageous configurations are shown in the dependent claims. The features of the claims can be combined in any technically meaningful manner, in which case the explanations from the following description and features from the figures, which include additional embodiments of the invention, can also be used.

• - einen Sperrmechanismus zum Sperren eines Sperrenrads in einem Drehmomentfluss, wobei im Einsatz von dem Sperrmechanismus in einem sperrenden Zustand das Sperrenrad blockiert und in einem freien Zustand das Sperrenrad freigegeben ist; und
• - einen fluidischen Betätigungsaktuator, mittels welchem der Sperrmechanismus aus dem sperrenden Zustand herausführbar ist, wobei der Betätigungsaktuator normal-sperrend eingerichtet ist.

The invention relates to a parking lock in a normally locked configuration for a drive train, having at least the following components:

• - A locking mechanism for locking a ratchet wheel in a torque flow, wherein in use of the locking mechanism in a locking state the ratchet wheel is blocked and the ratchet wheel is released in a free state; and
• - A fluidic actuation actuator, by means of which the locking mechanism can be moved out of the locking state, the actuation actuator being set up to be normally locking.

The parking lock is primarily characterized in that the actuating actuator comprises a blocking element, whereby the free state of the ratchet wheel can be maintained in an inhibiting position by means of the blocking element,
wherein the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element is permanently durable and can be canceled fluidically.

In the following, reference is made to the named axis of rotation if the axial direction, radial direction or the direction of rotation and corresponding terms are used without explicitly otherwise indicating. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, ordinal numbers used in the preceding and following description are only used for clear distinction and do not reflect any order or ranking of the components identified. An ordinal number greater than one does not necessarily mean that another such component must be present.

The parking lock proposed here is set up in a de-energized locked configuration so that in the event of a power failure the locking mechanism blocks the ratchet wheel and the ratchet wheel is only released by the locking mechanism in an energized state. In a released state, the ratchet wheel is freely rotatable and, for example used in a transmission of a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle can be rolled. In a locked state of the ratchet wheel, the motor vehicle cannot be rolled in such an application. The parking lock is, for example, electrically and fluidically or purely fluidically, i.e. pneumatically or hydraulically, actuated and in the event of a failure of the electrical supply or a drop in fluidic pressure or fluidic volume, the locking mechanism is transferred to the locking state and thus the ratchet wheel is blocked. In order to prevent this in an initial state of the parking lock, it is proposed here that an inhibiting element be provided which is set up in such a way that the free state of the locking wheel can thus be maintained contrary to the normally locked configuration of the parking lock. In this initial state it is thus ensured that when the parking lock is used in a transmission of a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle can still be rolled. In order to cancel this initial state, which is undesirable in normal operation of the parking lock, the inhibiting element can be canceled fluidically. The inhibiting position is for example by means of a form fit between the inhibiting element and an actuating component of the fluidic actuating actuator, for example an actuating shaft. For example, a locking groove is provided in such an actuating shaft and the locking element engages in this locking groove as a (linearly movable) pin or (pivotable) pawl. Alternatively, the inhibiting element inhibits frictionally. In another embodiment, the inhibiting element interacts with the locking mechanism, for example with a parking lock pawl, with a corresponding positive locking or frictional locking being formed here.

The fluidic lifting of the inhibition by means of the inhibiting element is to be brought about actively, that is, it is not carried out automatically or by itself as a result of external circumstances (according to the design). In any case, the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element cannot be canceled as a result of a fluidic volume reduction or power failure in the actuating actuator. For example, the inhibiting position can be canceled by supplying electrical energy or a fluidic volume. In one embodiment, the inhibiting element always remains deactivated after the initial stroke has been carried out by means of the actuating actuator. In a preferred embodiment, the inhibiting element can be reactivated (for example by hand and / or fluidically or (preferably indirectly) electrically).

In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that precisely one inhibiting position of the inhibiting element is provided and a blocking state of the blocking mechanism is currently uninhibited by the inhibiting element or by another inhibiting element. In this way, reliable actuation of the parking lock as an exclusively normally locking parking lock can be made possible in normal operation.

• - einer Versorgungsleitung des fluidischen Betätigungsaktuators;
• - einer Kühlleitung für eine Komponente eines Antriebsstrangs; und
• - einer Druckleitung für eine Komponente eines Antriebsstrangs.

It is also proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the parking lock that the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element can be canceled by means of at least one of the following volume sources:

• - A supply line of the fluidic actuation actuator;
• - A cooling line for a component of a drive train; and
• - A pressure line for a component of a drive train.

In this embodiment it is proposed that the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element can be canceled from a supply line (or branching from the supply line) for the fluidic actuation actuator. In this embodiment, the supply line is interconnected in such a way that when there is a volume supply for the fluidic actuation actuator, that is to say in the releasing actuation direction, the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element is canceled. In one embodiment, for example, a separate piston is provided in a separate pressure chamber, and the piston is connected to the inhibiting element in such a way that the inhibiting element is lifted out of the inhibiting position when there is an increase in volume in the separate pressure cylinder. In another embodiment, the inhibiting element is directly mechanically connected to a pressure chamber of the actuating actuator, so that a volume increase or pressure increase in the pressure chamber of the actuating actuator moves the inhibiting element directly and thus moves it out of the inhibiting position. The released actuation direction of the actuation actuator is also preferred here.

In a further embodiment, the volume source for releasing the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element is a cooling line for a component of a drive train, for example for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle Closing valve, a pressure is applied to the inhibiting element in such a way that it is lifted out of the inhibiting position. Here, for example, a separate pressure chamber is formed in the inhibiting element. In a further embodiment, the volume source is formed by a pressure line for a component of a drive train, this being preferably designed as above for the cooling line. In these mentioned embodiments with an external volume source, the lifting of the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element can be set independently of the movement of the fluidic actuation actuator.

It is also proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the parking lock that the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element can be set and / or maintained permanently by means of a pressure difference between two volume sources.

It is proposed here that the inhibiting position can be adjusted or maintained permanently by means of a pressure difference between two volume sources. In a preferred embodiment, the first volume source is the supply line of the fluidic actuation actuator or the pressure chamber of the fluidic actuation actuator, a branch line particularly preferably being led to a separate pressure chamber of the inhibiting element. On the other hand, which acts on the inhibiting element, for example on a pressure piston of an inhibiting element in a separate pressure chamber is connected to a separate pressure source, for example a pump, cooling line and / or pressure line for a component of the drive train. When a corresponding pressure difference is set, the inhibiting position is assumed, this pressure difference preferably not representing a fallback position in normal operation, in particular with a sufficiently charged supply battery in a motor vehicle, so that the normally-locked configuration of the parking lock is ensured in normal operation. In a preferred embodiment, the pressure difference, once set, is permanent and remains in place even in the event of a system failure (for example when the supply battery is discharged). Alternatively, the inhibiting position is still held mechanically supportive at a neutral pressure difference, for example a pressure difference of zero or even a slightly negative pressure difference (the direction of the pressure difference canceling the inhibiting position) and the (positive, i.e. canceling) pressure difference must be increased by the to cancel the inhibiting position.

It is also proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the parking lock that the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element is adjustable mechanically, preferably by hand.

In this embodiment it is proposed that the inhibiting element can be repeatedly transferred into the inhibiting position, this inhibiting position being mechanically adjustable, in addition or as an alternative to a fluidic setting of the inhibiting position. The inhibiting position is particularly preferably adjustable mechanically by hand, for example acting on a pressure piston of the inhibiting element.

Furthermore, an embodiment is alternatively or additionally proposed in which a preferably electrical holding mechanism is present for holding the locking mechanism in a free state. This holding mechanism can, for example, consist of a holding magnet and an anchor plate. The holding magnet can be actuated electrically. The holding magnet or the armature plate is firmly connected to an element of the actuation actuator, so that in a free state of the locking element, the element of the actuation actuator can be held in position electrically by the holding magnet and the armature plate that interacts with it, so that the actuation actuator can be operated without further Actuation keeps the locking element in the free state. By means of the additional inhibiting element, the blocking element can now be held in the free state via a second additional element, preferably in a fluidically inhibited manner. If the power supply is now interrupted, e.g. when assembling the motor vehicle, the locking element is kept in the free state by the locking element alone. In normal operation, on the other hand, it can be provided that the blocking element is held in the free state solely via the (electrical) holding mechanism and the (fluidic) blocking element is not or cannot be activated.

• - ein Sperrenrad zum Anordnen in einem sperrbaren Drehmomentfluss; und
• - eine Parksperre nach einer Ausführungsform gemäß der obigen Beschreibung, wobei das Sperrenrad mittels des Sperrmechanismus blockierbar ist.

According to a further aspect, a parking lock device is proposed for a transmission of a drive train, having at least the following components:

• - A ratchet wheel to be arranged in a lockable torque flow; and
• - A parking lock according to an embodiment according to the above description, wherein the ratchet wheel can be locked by means of the locking mechanism.

The parking lock device proposed here comprises a parking lock and a corresponding locking wheel. The ratchet wheel is integrated in the drive train of a motor vehicle, preferably in a transmission, and can be blocked as described above so that it is prevented from rotating about its wheel axis.

In one embodiment, the parking lock and the ratchet wheel form a structural unit. Such a structural unit can be delivered for installation as a coherent component and can be assembled at the intended assembly location, for example in a motor vehicle, without the need to dismantle this structural unit again. In one embodiment, the locking mechanism, and in one embodiment also the locking wheel, is a structural unit, while the actuating actuator is formed separately, wherein in one embodiment the actuating actuator forms a separate further structural unit.

When installed in a drive train, the ratchet wheel is arranged in such a way that at least one of the consumers is prevented from transmitting or absorbing torque when the locking mechanism is in the locking state, that is, the ratchet wheel is blocked.

The parking lock device proposed here ensures that, when used in a transmission, the torque flow cannot be blocked as long as the inhibiting element is in the inhibiting state.

• - eine Parksperrenvorrichtung nach einer Ausführungsform gemäß der obigen Beschreibung;
• - ein Drehmomentübertragungsgetriebe, welches das Sperrenrad umfasst; und
• - ein Getriebegehäuse, welches einen Getrieberaum umgibt,

wobei der Sperrmechanismus der Parksperre, bevorzugt vollständig, in dem Getrieberaum angeordnet ist.According to a further aspect, a transmission is proposed for a drive train, having at least the following components:

• - a parking lock device according to an embodiment as described above;
• - A torque transmission gear comprising the ratchet wheel; and
• - a gear housing which surrounds a gear space,

wherein the locking mechanism of the parking lock, preferably completely, is arranged in the gear space.

The transmission, for example an automatic transmission for a motor vehicle, comprises the ratchet wheel. For example, the ratchet wheel forms a spur gear of a torque transmission gear designed as a shiftable transmission gear. The transmission has a torque input, for example one or more transmission input shafts, and a torque output, for example one or more transmission output shafts. In the transmission, the torque is diverted, reduced, translated and / or distributed (as a differential) in accordance with the acceptance. In one embodiment, the transmission comprises a clutch, for example a friction clutch or a dog clutch, in the torque flow. The torque input is on the drive machine side and the torque output is on the consumer side. However, the direction of torque is also reversed from a consumer (in a main state) to a drive machine or a generator. It is also proposed in an advantageous embodiment of the transmission that the parking lock as a whole or only the locking mechanism is integrated into a transmission space of the transmission formed by a transmission housing.

In the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element of the parking lock device, it is ensured here that the torque flow through the transmission or in use in a drive train is not blocked and only the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element can be actively canceled, whereby it is ensured at the same time that after the inhibiting position has been canceled the inhibition is safely removed or can only be brought about again actively (for example by hand). In a preferred embodiment, the transmission is designed without additional space requirements and can therefore be used as a replacement for a conventional transmission.

• - zumindest eine Antriebsmaschine zum Abgeben eines Drehmoments;
• - zumindest einen Verbraucher zum Aufnehmen eines Drehmoments; und
• - ein Getriebe nach einer Ausführungsform gemäß der obigen Beschreibung,

wobei die zumindest eine Antriebsmaschine und der zumindest eine Verbraucher mittels des Getriebes drehmomentübertragend miteinander verbunden sind.According to a further aspect, a drive train is proposed having at least the following components:

• - At least one drive machine for delivering a torque;
• - At least one consumer for receiving a torque; and
• - a transmission according to an embodiment according to the description above,

wherein the at least one drive machine and the at least one consumer are connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner by means of the transmission.

The drive train proposed here comprises at least one drive machine, for example an internal combustion engine and / or an electric drive machine, which forms the torque source of a torque flow at least in one main state. Furthermore, at least one consumer is included, for example a utility unit and / or drive wheels of a motor vehicle, which at least in one main state forms the torque sink of the torque flow. Interposed is a transmission according to an embodiment according to the preceding description, via which the (preferably entire wheel-side) torque flow is passed. If the transmission is locked, the torque flow is locked and torque transmission in the drive train between the torque source and the torque sink is prevented.

With the drive train proposed here, in the inhibiting position of the blocking element of the parking lock, it is possible to output and absorb torque or, when torque transmission is released, for example by means of a friction clutch, it is ensured that the torque-absorbing shaft of the consumer can rotate freely. At the same time, after the blocking position of the blocking element has been lifted, the parking lock ensures that the parking lock is operated in a normally locked configuration.

According to a further aspect, a motor vehicle is proposed, having at least one drive wheel and a drive train according to an embodiment according to the above description, wherein a torque can be shiftably output from the at least one drive machine of the drive train to the at least one drive wheel to drive the motor vehicle.

The motor vehicle is, for example, a passenger car, a truck or a motorized two-wheeler. The motor vehicle has a drive train according to an embodiment according to the preceding description. The torque that can be output by the at least one drive machine is transmitted to the at least one via the transmission a propulsion wheel (consumer) delivered. The transmission referred to here is preferably a switchable transmission gear. Alternatively, the transmission is, for example, a fixed transmission, that is to say with an unchangeable transmission, or a differential or a slip clutch. The parking lock device proposed here is preferably designed as described above and particularly preferably integrated into the transmission.

A rotary movement of the at least one propulsion wheel is only possible in a parking switch position (after deactivating the inhibiting element) if the parking lock (and the legally prescribed parking brake) are released. For the rest, reference is made to the above description of the parking lock device.

The motor vehicle can, however, roll freely as long as the locking element of the parking lock of the drive train is in the locking position and as a result of an (active) cancellation of the locking position, this locking of the desired normally locked configuration of the parking lock is canceled, for example by applying the handbrake, pulling it off the ignition key or pressing a parking button in the driver's cab of the motor vehicle. Thus, on the electronic side, no change is necessary or only in a configuration in which the inhibiting element can be deactivated by means of an overstroke in the actuation direction, the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element can only be set manually or electronically.

• 1: ein Betätigungsaktuator einer Parksperre mit einem mittels Druckdifferenz gehaltenen Hemmelement;
• 2: ein Betätigungsaktuator einer Parksperre mit einem mittels Versorgungsdruck lösbaren Hemmelement;
• 3: ein Betätigungsaktuator einer Parksperre mit einem mittels mechanisch übertragenen Versorgungsdruck lösbaren Hemmelement;
• 4: ein Sperrmechanismus einer Parksperre außerhalb des sperrenden Zustands gehalten; und
• 5: ein Antriebsstrang mit einer Parksperrenvorrichtung in einem Kraftfahrzeug.

The invention described above is explained in detail below against the relevant technical background with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show preferred embodiments. The invention is in no way restricted by the purely schematic drawings, it being noted that the drawings are not dimensionally accurate and are not suitable for defining size relationships. It is shown in

• 1 : an actuating actuator of a parking lock with an inhibiting element held by means of a pressure difference;
• 2 : an actuating actuator of a parking lock with an inhibiting element which can be released by means of supply pressure;
• 3 : an actuating actuator of a parking lock with an inhibiting element releasable by means of mechanically transmitted supply pressure;
• 4th : a locking mechanism of a parking lock kept out of the locking state; and
• 5 : a drive train with a parking lock device in a motor vehicle.

In 1 is an operating actuator 6th (a parking lock 1 , compare 5 ) with a means of pressure difference 11 held inhibitor 7th shown in a schematic sectional view. The inhibiting element 7th secures the held (initial) state of the actuation actuator here 6th . The releasing and active actuation direction 20th of the actuation actuator 6th is aligned horizontally from left to right as shown and parallel to the shaft axis 21 of the actuation actuator 6th . In this normally-locked embodiment of the actuation actuator 6th the parking lock 1 is the operating shaft 22nd of the actuation actuator 6th passive in the opposite direction, i.e. blocking actuation direction 23 , (to the left as shown) can be pressed - as will be explained below.

In the embodiment shown, the actuation actuator operates 6th with both a fluid and an electrical supply. A first pressure piston is used for the fluid supply, hydraulic in a preferred embodiment 24 provided, which with a first piston seal 25th opposite the pressure room 26th of the actuation actuator 6th in a printing cylinder 27 is sealed. If from a first volume source 8th , for example an electric pump or a pressure accumulator source, via the supply line 10 and the supply connection 28 the pressure in the pressure space 26th or the volume of the pressure chamber 26th is varied, the first pressure piston leads 24 a stroke in the corresponding actuation direction 20, 23. One on the first plunger 24 attached operating shaft 22nd is moved accordingly and acts against a locking mechanism 3 (compare for example 4th ). The locking mechanism 3 is when actuated in the (active, i.e. with the supply of external, for example electrical, energy) releasing actuation direction 20th at the latest in the position of the actuating shaft shown 22nd operated so that the ratchet wheel 4th (compare for example 4th ) is in the released state (releasing state of the locking mechanism 3 ) is located.

The first plunger 24 is still by means of a return spring 29 against a fixed frame 30th (here, for example, a housing cover for the pressure chamber 26th ) tensioned, so that when the pressure in the pressure chamber drops 26th the first plunger 24 in blocking actuation direction 23 (passive, i.e. without supplying external energy) and the volume of the pressure chamber 26th is decreased. At the latest on the far left on a mechanical or regulated stop of the first pressure piston 24 is the locking mechanism 3 no longer (in such a way) from the operating shaft 22nd burdened that the ratchet wheel 4th is in the locked state (locking state of the locking mechanism 3 ) is located.

There is now an additional electrical supply for the actuation actuator 6th , as shown on the right in front of the first plunger 24 , provided, which has a holding magnet 31 with a coil 32 and a magnetic core 33 includes. The first plunger 24 is with an anchor plate 34 attached or formed in one piece. When the coil is energized 32 is the first plunger 24 preferably in the position shown against the restoring force of the restoring spring 29 held magnetically. The holding magnet 31 forms together with the anchor plate 34 a holding mechanism for electrically holding the locking mechanism 3 in the free state.

In order to control the actuation actuator in the event of a failure of the electrical supply 6th in the (shown) initial (released) state of the ratchet wheel 4th holding is a stumbling block 7th , here executed as a retarding pin 35 , provided, which is attached to a second pressure piston 36 with a second piston seal 37 in a retention cylinder 38 (here reversible) is fastened operable. The second plunger 36 moves vertically according to the illustration according to a pressure difference 11 between the supply pressure 39 in the second pressure space 40 and back pressure 41 in the third pressure space 42 . The second pressure room 40 is shown above the second pressure piston 36 arranged and is via the same first volume source 8th by means of a branch line 43 from the supply line 10 with a supply pressure 39 supplied, which (approximately) the pressure in the first pressure chamber 26th is equivalent to. The third pressure room 42 is shown under the second plunger 36 arranged and is via a second volume source 9 , for example a cooling line for a component of the drive train 2 (compare for example 5 ), with a counter pressure 41 provided. When a pressure difference 11 from supply pressure 39 and back pressure 41 is set such that in the second pressure chamber 40 a higher pressure than in the third pressure chamber 42 is present, the inhibiting position is assumed or held so that the inhibitor pin 35 in the (shown) initial (released) state vertically into an inhibiting groove 44 in the operating shaft 22nd engages and the operating shaft 22nd on a movement in the blocking actuation direction 23 is prevented. The presence of the position of the locking pin shown 35 can be safely prevented in normal operation by reducing the back pressure 41 or the counterforce on the second pressure piston resulting from, for example, pressure areas of different sizes 36 always greater than the supply pressure 39 or the resulting supply force is. The inhibiting position of the inhibitor pin 35 can be achieved by lowering the supply pressure 39 and / or increasing the back pressure 41 lift.

In 2 is an operating actuator 6th shown in a further embodiment. The actuation actuator 6th is largely identical to the actuation actuator, purely for the sake of clarity 6th according to 1 and in this respect reference is made to the previous description. In this embodiment it is proposed that the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element 7th , here (optional) again a retainer pin 35 , via a second pressure piston attached to it 36 in a retention cylinder 38 as in 1 shown is reversible. The inhibitor 35 as with the embodiment in 1 vertical in the locking groove as shown 44 of the operating shaft 22nd in the inhibiting position (shown here).

The pressure piston is different from there 36 in the retention cylinder 38 only from the same supply line 10 by means of a branch line 43 from a first volume source 8th supplied, by means of which the pressure chamber 26th of the first plunger 24 of the actuation actuator 6th is movable. Here includes the retention cylinder 38 only the (third) pressure room 42 as shown under the second pressure piston 36 . In this embodiment the supply line is 10 interconnected in such a way that when there is a volume supply, that is to say when the supply pressure is increased 39 , from the first volume source 8th via the supply line 10 for the fluidic actuation actuator 6th , i.e. in the releasing actuation direction 20th , directly the pressure in the second pressure chamber 42 rises and the second plunger 36 moves upwards as shown. This then is the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element 7th canceled. A manipulation opening is also (optional) here 45 back of the second pressure piston 36 intended. The jam pin is above this (for example by hand) 35 mechanically transferable into the inhibiting position. As long as the supply pressure 39 is sufficiently high, the retarding pin remains 35 outside of the inhibiting position. This is ensured in normal operation. The supply pressure falls 39 in normal operation, then the actuating shaft moves 22nd (here for example because of the return spring 29 ) faster in the blocking actuation direction 23 than that the inhibitor 35 into the locking groove 44 can intervene and thus assume the inhibiting position. This is alternatively or additionally by means of corresponding line cross-sections or a throttle valve in the branch line 43 and / or a corresponding ratio of the piston areas of the first pressure piston 24 and second plunger 36 ensured.

In 3 is an operating actuator 6th shown in a further embodiment. The actuation actuator 6th is largely identical to the actuation actuator, purely for the sake of clarity 6th according to 2 and in this respect reference is made to the previous description.

In this embodiment, the retarding element is 7th here (optional) again a jam pin 35 . The inhibitor 35 is different here than before directly mechanically by means of a connecting element 46 with a second plunger 36 tied together. In contrast to the previously shown embodiments, the second pressure piston is located here 36 in a common pressure room 26th , namely here that of the printing cylinder 27 , with the first plunger 24 of the operating shaft 22nd of the actuation actuator 6th . The second plunger 36 is perpendicular to the shaft axis 21 and parallel to the inhibiting element 7th arranged and by means of a stationary second piston seal 37 against the pressure room 26th of the actuation actuator 6th sealed. If now the pressure in the pressure chamber 26th of the actuation actuator 6th is increased, so an actuation of the first pressure piston 24 of the actuation actuator 6th in the releasing actuation direction 20th , the second pressure piston also moves 36 due to the increased pressure upwards as shown, so that over the connecting element 46 the escapement pin 35 out of the locking groove 44 in the operating shaft 22nd is lifted and then the inhibiting position is canceled. For example by means of the connecting element 46 is the inhibitor 35 as in the embodiment according to 2 (for example by hand) can be transferred into the inhibiting position. Without such external actuation, the locking pin remains 35 in normal operation always outside the inhibiting position.

In 4th is a locking mechanism 3 a parking lock 1 (compare 5 ) in a held (initial) state in a schematic side view with a ratchet wheel 4th shown. The locking mechanism 3 includes a parking lock pawl 47 which around their pawl axis 48 is rotatably mounted and is shown here in the released state, so that the ratchet wheel 4th around its wheel axle 49 is freely rotatable. When the locking mechanism 3 is transferred to the locking state, the parking lock pawl engages 47 form-fit in the ratchet wheel 4th one so that the ratchet wheel 4th is blocked. Then is the traverse 50 from the preload spring 51 positioned in such a way that by means of the support of the traverse 50 on a fixed frame 30th (For example, part of a gearbox housing 14th , compare 5 ) the parking lock pawl 47 in the locking state (tooth-in-space engagement on the ratchet wheel 4th ) is geometrically blocked. In the shown (releasing) state of the traverse 50 is the preload spring 51 tensioned and in this particular embodiment at the same time for lifting or holding out the parking lock pawl 47 from a tooth gap of the ratchet wheel 4th set up.

In normal operation, i.e. when the inhibiting position (cf. 1 until 3 is canceled, the parking lock pawl is 47 can only be transferred from the engaging (locking) state to the releasing state by using an actuating actuator 6th against the traverse 50 acts (as shown to the left) and the preload spring 51 tense. The associated actuation actuator 6th with retarding element 7th is carried out, for example, as shown in one of the preceding figures. The parking lock latch 47 remains so as long as the operating shaft 22nd against the traverse 50 pressing the preload spring 51 deflects as shown and the retarding element 7th of the actuation actuator 6th is in the inhibiting position, in the releasing state and the ratchet wheel 4th is free around the wheel axle 49 rotatable.

In 5 is purely schematically a motor vehicle 19th with a drive train 2 Shown in a plan view, with a drive machine in a longitudinal front arrangement 16 , shown here optionally as an internal combustion engine, parallel to the longitudinal axis 52 and in front of the driver's cab 53 of the motor vehicle 19th is arranged. The powertrain 2 is used to propel the motor vehicle 19th by driving a left propulsion wheel 17th and a right propulsion wheel 18th (here optionally the front axle of the motor vehicle 19th ) by means of a torque output from the prime mover 16 via a transmission 13th set up, and so the torque flow shown in dashed lines 5 (shown here with the direction corresponding to a tensile moment). For example, the torque transmission gear (not shown here) is the transmission 13th a transmission gear, which by means of the gear shift lever 54 in the driver's cab 53 can be switched by a vehicle driver.

In the torque flow 5 is now a parking lock device 12th arranged, bringing the left propulsion wheel 17th and the right propulsion wheel 18th are blockable. The parking lock device 12th includes a ratchet wheel 4th , for example a gear wheel of the torque transmission gear of the transmission 13th or an additional wheel of the torque transmission, and the parking lock 1 , taking the parking lock 1 a locking mechanism 3 and an operating actuator 6th includes.

The locking mechanism 3 is for example as in 4th shown executed and / or the actuation actuator 6th as in an embodiment according to 1 until 3 . Here is an embodiment of the parking lock device 12th shown at which (optional) the locking mechanism 3 inside the gear room 15th in the gearbox 14th of the transmission 13th and the actuation actuator 6th outside the gearbox 14th is arranged.

• - von einem Getriebeschalthebel 54, beispielsweise mittels einer Parkschaltstellung „P“,
• - einem Parkhebel 55; und
• - einem Zündknopf 56 (alternativ einem Zündschlüssel).

Weiterhin ist bevorzugt die Parksperrenvorrichtung 12 automatisiert betätigbar: beispielsweise wird beim Verlassen des Kraftfahrzeugs 19 (beispielsweise nach Abschließen) die Parksperre 1 selbsttätiges eingelegt.The ratchet wheel 4th is in the torque flow 5 arranged in such a way that this causes the motor vehicle to roll away 19th is preventable. The parking lock device 12th can be operated here with at least one of the following control elements:

• - from a gear shift lever 54 , for example by means of a parking switch position "P",
• - a parking lever 55 ; and
• - an ignition button 56 (alternatively an ignition key).

The parking lock device is also preferred 12th can be operated automatically: for example, when leaving the motor vehicle 19th (e.g. after locking) the parking lock 1 inserted automatically.

With the parking lock proposed here, free movement is ensured for manual transport, and at the same time the function of the normally locked configuration is easily ensured in normal operation.

List of reference symbols

1

Parking lock

2

Powertrain

3

Locking mechanism

4th

Ratchet wheel

5

Torque flow

6th

Operating actuator

7th

Inhibiting element

8th

first volume source

9

second volume source

10

supply line

11

Pressure difference

12th

Parking lock device

13th

transmission

14th

Gear housing

15th

Gear room

16

Internal combustion engine

17th

left propulsion wheel

18th

right propulsion wheel

19th

Motor vehicle

20th

releasing actuation direction

21

Shaft axis

22nd

Operating shaft

23

blocking actuation direction

24

first plunger

25th

first piston seal

26th

Pressure chamber of the actuating actuator

27

Printing cylinder

28

Supply connection

29

Return spring

30th

fixed frame

31

Holding magnet

32

Kitchen sink

33

Magnetic core

34

Anchor plate

35

Escapement pin

36

second plunger

37

second piston seal

38

Retention cylinder

39

Supply pressure

40

second pressure chamber

41

Back pressure

42

third printing room

43

Branch line

44

Locking groove

45

Manipulation opening

46

Connecting element

47

Parking lock latch

48

Ratchet axis

49

Wheel axle

50

traverse

51

Preload spring

52

Longitudinal axis

53

Driver's cab

54

Gear shift lever

55

Parking lever

56

Ignition button

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102018115548 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Parking lock (1) in a normally locked configuration for a drive train (2), having at least the following components: - a locking mechanism (3) for locking a locking wheel (4) in a torque flow (5), wherein in use of the locking mechanism ( 3) in a locking state the ratchet wheel (4) is blocked and in a free state the ratchet wheel (4) is released; and - a fluidic actuation actuator (6) by means of which the locking mechanism (3) can be moved out of the locking state, the actuation actuator (6) being set up to be normally locking, characterized in that the actuation actuator (6) comprises a blocking element (7) wherein the free state of the ratchet wheel (4) can be maintained in an inhibiting position by means of the inhibiting element (7), the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element (7) being permanently maintained and fluidically removable. Parking lock (1) after Claim 1 , wherein there is exactly one inhibiting position and a blocking state of the blocking mechanism (3) is uninhibited by a blocking element (7). Parking lock (1) after Claim 1 or 2 wherein the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element (7) can be canceled by means of at least one of the following volume sources (8, 9): - a supply line (10) of the fluidic actuation actuator (6); - A cooling line for a component of a drive train (2); and - a pressure line for a component of a drive train (2). Parking lock (1) after one of the Claims 1 until 3 , wherein the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element (7) can be set and / or permanently maintained by means of a pressure difference (11) between two volume sources (8, 9). Parking lock (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the inhibiting position of the inhibiting element (7) can be adjusted mechanically, preferably by hand. Parking lock (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein there is a preferably electrical holding mechanism (31, 34) for holding the locking mechanism (3) in a free state. Parking lock (1) in a normally locked configuration for a drive train (2), having at least the following components: - a locking mechanism (3) for locking a locking wheel (4) in a torque flow (5), with the locking mechanism (3 ) the ratchet wheel (4) is blocked in a locking state and the ratchet wheel (4) is released in a free state; - a fluidic actuation actuator (6), by means of which the locking mechanism (3) can be moved out of the locking state, the actuating actuator (6) being set up to be normally locking, and - a preferably electrical holding mechanism (31, 34) for holding the locking mechanism ( 3) in a free state, characterized in that the actuating actuator (6) comprises an inhibiting element (7), the free state of the ratchet wheel (4) being retained in an inhibiting position by means of the inhibiting element (7). Parking lock device (12) for a transmission (13) of a drive train (2), having at least the following components: - A ratchet wheel (4) to be arranged in a lockable torque flow (5); and - A parking lock (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratchet wheel (4) can be blocked by means of the locking mechanism (3). Transmission (13) for a drive train (2), having at least the following components: - a parking lock device (12) after Claim 8 ; - A torque transmission gear which comprises the ratchet wheel (4); and - a gear housing (14) which surrounds a gear space (15), the locking mechanism (3) of the parking lock (1) being arranged, preferably completely, in the gear space (15). Drive train (2) for a motor vehicle, having at least the following components: - at least one drive machine (16) for outputting a torque; - At least one consumer (17, 18) for receiving a torque; and - a gear (13) after Claim 9 wherein the at least one drive machine (16) and the at least one consumer (17, 18) are connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner by means of the transmission (13).

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