DE102021003522A1 - Feed pellets for animals, in particular livestock, a use and a method for producing a feed pellet - Google Patents
Feed pellets for animals, in particular livestock, a use and a method for producing a feed pellet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102021003522A1 DE102021003522A1 DE102021003522.4A DE102021003522A DE102021003522A1 DE 102021003522 A1 DE102021003522 A1 DE 102021003522A1 DE 102021003522 A DE102021003522 A DE 102021003522A DE 102021003522 A1 DE102021003522 A1 DE 102021003522A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- fat
- microorganisms
- fatty acids
- total weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XMHIUKTWLZUKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N petroselinic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-SEYXRHQNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCC(O)=O YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-HJWRWDBZSA-N (9Z)-heptadecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HVGRZDASOHMCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z,Z)-13,16-docosadienoic acid Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HVGRZDASOHMCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OXEDXHIBHVMDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12Z-octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O OXEDXHIBHVMDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AJBZENLMTKDAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-4,9-diol Chemical compound CC12CCC(O)C(C)(C)C1CCC(C1(C)CC3O)(C)C2CCC1C1C3(C)CCC1C(=C)C AJBZENLMTKDAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003880 Calendula Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001432 Calendula officinalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021294 Docosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Petroselaidic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCC(O)=O CNVZJPUDSLNTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-FPLPWBNLSA-M Vaccenic acid Natural products CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-FPLPWBNLSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021322 Vaccenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KHAVLLBUVKBTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproleic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=C KHAVLLBUVKBTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- CVCXSNONTRFSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosa-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC(O)=O CVCXSNONTRFSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KFEVDPWXEVUUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KFEVDPWXEVUUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCCETWTMQHEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Linolensaeure Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC(O)=O VZCCETWTMQHEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020664 gamma-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N gamma-linolenic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002733 gamolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);1,10-phenanthroline;dicyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AQWHMKSIVLSRNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Octadec-5-ensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCC(O)=O AQWHMKSIVLSRNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N trans-vaccenic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002703 undecylenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims 3
- BITHHVVYSMSWAG-KTKRTIGZSA-N (11Z)-icos-11-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BITHHVVYSMSWAG-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229940108623 eicosenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- BITHHVVYSMSWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BITHHVVYSMSWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007983 food acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021299 gondoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N batilol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCC(O)CO OGBUMNBNEWYMNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/20—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for horses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Futtermittelpellet für Tiere, insbesondere Nutztiere, insbesondere Wiederkäuer, wobei Mikroorganismen, insbesondere getrocknete und/oder trocken stabilisierte, umfasst sind, insbesondere Lebendhefen, die in eine Fettbasis eingebracht sind, wobei die Fettbasis in Form von Festfett und/oder Fettpulver mit den Mikroorganismen vorgemischt und unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Fettbasis zu Pellets zu formen ist, wobei die Fettbasis umfasst: einzeln oder als Mischungen: Mono- und/oder Diglyceride und/oder Fett-Emulgatormischungen und/oder Fettsäuren, welche eine zumindest teilweise auflösbare, insbesondere polare Struktur, aufweisen, die in flüssigen polaren Lösungsmitteln, insbesondere Wasser und/oder Wassermischungen, zumindest teilweise in kleinere Einheiten umfassend Fett, insbesondere Fettsäuren, und/oder verarbeitungsempfindliche Mikroorganismen zerfallend ausgebildet sind, insbesondere sich in dem polaren Lösungsmittel, insbesondere Wasser, auflösend und Mikroorganismen lebensfähig freisetzend.Feed pellets for animals, in particular farm animals, in particular ruminants, comprising microorganisms, in particular dried and/or dry-stabilized ones, in particular live yeasts, which are incorporated into a fat base, the fat base in the form of solid fat and/or fat powder being premixed with the microorganisms and is to be formed into pellets below the melting point of the fat base, the fat base comprising: individually or as mixtures: mono- and/or diglycerides and/or fat-emulsifier mixtures and/or fatty acids which have an at least partially soluble, in particular polar structure, which are formed in liquid polar solvents, in particular water and/or water mixtures, at least partially disintegrating into smaller units comprising fat, in particular fatty acids, and/or processing-sensitive microorganisms, in particular dissolving in the polar solvent, in particular water, and viable microorganisms fre iputting.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Futtermittelpellet für Tiere, insbesondere Nutztiere, insbesondere Wiederkäuer nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1, eine Verwendung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 9 und ein Herstellungsverfahren für ein Futtermittelpellet nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 11.The invention relates to a feed pellet for animals, in particular farm animals, in particular ruminants, according to the preamble of claim 1, a use according to the preamble of claim 9 and a manufacturing method for a feed pellet according to the preamble of claim 11.
Bekannt ist es, beim Monogaster Probiotika und beim Wiederkäuer insbesondere Lebendhefe zur Gesunderhaltung einzusetzen. Die sind speziell getrocknete Mikroorganismen, welche mit Feuchtigkeit rehydrieren und deren Stoffwechsel wieder anläuft. Lebendhefe ist getrocknete Hefe, bei der das Leben in eine Art Stase versetzt wird. Durch Zusatz von Wasser beginnt der Stoffwechsel der Zelle wieder zu arbeiten. In dem getrockneten Stase-Zustand ist Lebendhefe empfindlich und kann bereits durch einfache Verarbeitungsverfahren beeinträchtigt werden. Mechanische Prozesse, thermische Prozesse und Feuchtigkeit können die ruhende Hefe abtöten. Daher wird eine solche Hefe traditionell in Pulvermischungen eingesetzt. Diverse Versuche, bei Futtersystemen Hefe in Pellets als Darreichungsform mit einzuarbeiten, sind fehlgeschlagen, insbesondere da man mit hohen Verlusten an Lebendhefeorganismen rechnen musste, selbst wenn dazu spezielle, besonders widerstandsfähige Hefeformulierungen entwickelt wurden.It is known to use probiotics in monogastric animals and live yeast in particular to maintain health in ruminants. These are specially dried microorganisms, which rehydrate with moisture and their metabolism starts up again. Live yeast is dried yeast in which life is put into a kind of stasis. By adding water, the metabolism of the cell starts working again. In the dried stasis state, live yeast is delicate and can be affected by even simple processing methods. Mechanical processes, thermal processes and moisture can kill the dormant yeast. Therefore, such yeast is traditionally used in powder mixtures. Various attempts to incorporate yeast into pellets as a dosage form in feed systems have failed, especially since high losses of live yeast organisms had to be expected, even if special, particularly resistant yeast formulations were developed for this purpose.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein einfaches und sicheres Futtermittelpellets für Tiere, insbesondere Nutztiere, insbesondere Wiederkäuer bereitzustellen, bei dem Mikroorganismen, speziell Lebendhefe, geschützt ist.It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a simple and safe feedstuff pellet for animals, in particular farm animals, in particular ruminants, in which microorganisms, specifically live yeast, are protected.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Futtermittelpellet für Tiere, insbesondere Nutztiere, insbesondere Wiederkäuer, wobei Mikroorganismen, insbesondere getrocknete und/oder trocken stabilisierte, umfasst sind, insbesondere Lebendhefen, die in eine Fettbasis eingebracht sind, wobei die Fettbasis in Form von Festfett und/oder Fettpulver mit den Mikroorganismen vorgemischt und unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Fettbasis zu Pellets zu formen ist, wobei die Fettbasis umfasst: einzeln oder als Mischungen: Mono- und/oder Diglyceride und/oder Fett-Emulgatormischungen und/oder Fettsäuren, welche eine zumindest teilweise auflösbare, insbesondere polare Struktur, aufweisen, die in flüssigen polaren Lösungsmitteln, insbesondere Wasser und/oder Wassermischungen, zumindest teilweise in kleinere Einheiten umfassend Fett, insbesondere Fettsäuren, und/oder verarbeitungsempfindliche Mikroorganismen zerfallend ausgebildet sind, insbesondere sich in dem polaren Lösungsmittel, insbesondere Wasser, auflösend und Mikroorganismen lebensfähig freisetzend.The object is achieved by a feed pellet for animals, in particular farm animals, in particular ruminants, in which microorganisms, in particular dried and/or dry-stabilised ones, are included, in particular live yeasts which are introduced into a fat base, the fat base being in the form of solid fat and/or Fat powder premixed with the microorganisms and to be formed into pellets below the melting point of the fat base, the fat base comprising: individually or as mixtures: mono- and/or diglycerides and/or fat-emulsifier mixtures and/or fatty acids which have an at least partially soluble, in particular polar structure, which are formed in liquid polar solvents, in particular water and/or water mixtures, at least partially disintegrating into smaller units comprising fat, in particular fatty acids, and/or processing-sensitive microorganisms, in particular dissolving in the polar solvent, in particular water and nd releasing viable microorganisms.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Futtermittelpellet werden verarbeitungsempfindliche Mikroorganismen für die Auflösung im Pansen bereitgestellt. Beim Wiederkäuer erfolgt normalerweise keine Fettverdauung im Pansen, über den erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag kann eine Freisetzung über einen Zerfallsvorgang, spezielle Fette mit polarer Struktur erfolgen, insbesondere in einem Minutenvorgang. Weiterhin erfolgt eine Verbesserung der Lagerfähigkeit, insbesondere 6 Monate, da die eingesetzte Fettbasis zugleich gegen Feuchtigkeitsangriff wirkt. Durch den Verarbeitungsvorgang kann trotzdem das Volumen der Vormischung, insbesondere pulvrig oder fest, stark reduziert werden und die gleiche Futtermenge benötigt weniger Lager- und Transportvolumen benötigt. Zugleich wird der Pansen mit wertvollen Mikroorganismen, insbesondere Lebenshefe, versorgt. Viele landwirtschaftliche Betriebe sind speziell auf die Verfütterung von Futter in Pelletform eingerichtet, insbesondere in der leistungsorientierten Landwirtschaft, die primär technisch auf Pellets ausgelegt sind. Weiterhin wird durch den Pelletierprozess Futter im Stand der Technik mehr oder weniger stark hygienisiert, was durch die vorgeschlagene Erfindung zumindest in Bezug auf die eingesetzten Mikroorganismen in einfacher und gut zu steuernder Weise verhindert wird. Durch den Kontakt mit Wasser zerfällt die Fettstruktur und die Hefe, aber auch andere Wirkstoffe, werden frei gesetzt. In der getesteten Rezeptur hatten wir auch Zucker um den Zerfallsprozess zu beschleunigen. Unter normalen Umgebungsbedingungen nach dem Stand der Technik ergaben sich Verluste von 90-99,9% bei überlebender Hefe. Erst durch die erfindungsgemäße Umsetzung mit dem Zusatz der dargestellten Fettbasis in der Rezeptur, mit einer Fett- und Pelletformulierung, welche in Wasser zerfällt, konnte der Verlust von Mikroorganismen, insbesondere Lebendhefeverlust, bis auf 0 heruntergefahren werden. Mit steigendem Fettanteil steigt auch die Überlebensrate. Bei etwa 57% Fettbasis ergaben sich nahezu keine Verluste an Lebendhefe, reproduziert und auch nach Lagerung. Bei Versuchen von etwa 20-57% Fett im Pellet reduzierten sich die Verluste von 50% bis auf 0%. Dies führte zur Erfindung des folgenden Verfahrens, bei dem Mikroorganismen und hier speziell die Lebendhefe zu 100% den Pelletierprozess überleben. Der Zusatz von Fettkomponenten, insbesondere Mono-, Diglyceride, Fettsäuren etc. ermöglicht das vollständige Überleben der Mikroorganismen im Pelletierprozess. Es sind unterschiedliche Mikroorganismenkonzentration möglich, insbesondere sehr hoch dosiert, so dass das resultierende Futtermittelpellet nur zu einem bestimmten Prozentsatz in der Futtermischung zugesetzt werden muss. Vorteilhaft können somit konzentriert größere Mengen lebender Mikroorganismen intakt im Pansen freigesetzt werden, um dort positiv zu wirken. Dazu wird die Pelletbasis erfindungsgemäß so zusammengesetzt, das diese nach kurzer Zeit im Pansen zerfällt und die Mikroorganismen freisetzt. Vorteilhaft ist es somit möglich, auf einfache Weise lebende Mikroorganismen mit hoher / voller Überlebensrate zu pelletieren. Verwendet werden können vorteilhaft Fettsäuren, insbesondere aliphatische Kohlenstoffketten, insbesondere mit einer Kohlenstoffkettenlänge C14-C22, mit einer endständigen Carbonsäuregruppe als polarem Kopf, die zu Mizelleneinheiten zerfallen.Microorganisms which are sensitive to processing are provided by the feed pellet according to the invention for dissolution in the rumen. In ruminants, there is normally no fat digestion in the rumen; the proposal according to the invention allows release via a decomposition process, special fats with a polar structure, in particular in a minute process. Furthermore, there is an improvement in the shelf life, in particular 6 months, since the fat base used also acts against moisture attack. Nevertheless, the volume of the premix, in particular in the form of a powder or solid, can be greatly reduced by the processing operation, and the same amount of feed requires less storage and transport volume. At the same time, the rumen is supplied with valuable microorganisms, especially living yeast. Many farms are specially equipped to feed feed in pellet form, especially in performance-oriented agriculture, which is primarily technically designed for pellets. Furthermore, the pelleting process in the prior art sanitizes feed to a greater or lesser extent, which is prevented by the proposed invention in a simple and easily controllable manner, at least in relation to the microorganisms used. Through contact with water, the fat structure breaks down and the yeast, but also other active ingredients, are released. In the tested recipe we also had sugar to speed up the decomposition process. Under normal prior art environmental conditions, losses of 90-99.9% of surviving yeast resulted. The loss of microorganisms, in particular loss of living yeast, could only be reduced to 0 by the implementation according to the invention with the addition of the illustrated fat base in the recipe, with a fat and pellet formulation which decomposes in water. As the fat percentage increases, so does the survival rate. At around 57% fat basis, there were almost no losses of live yeast, reproduced and also after storage. In tests with about 20-57% fat in the pellet, the losses were reduced from 50% to 0%. This led to the invention of the following process, in which microorganisms and here specifically the live yeast survive the pelleting process 100%. The addition of fat components, especially monoglycerides, diglycerides, fatty acids etc. enables the microorganisms to survive completely in the pelleting process. Different concentrations of microorganisms are possible, in particular very high doses, so that the resulting feed pellet only has to be added to the feed mixture at a certain percentage. Advantageously, larger amounts of living microorganisms can be released intact in the rumen in order to have a positive effect there. For this purpose, the pellet base is composed according to the invention in such a way that it disintegrates in the rumen after a short time and the mic roorganisms released. It is thus advantageously possible to pellet living microorganisms with a high/full survival rate in a simple manner. Fatty acids can advantageously be used, in particular aliphatic carbon chains, in particular with a carbon chain length of C14-C22, with a terminal carboxylic acid group as a polar head, which break down into micelle units.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn als verarbeitungsempfindliche Mikroorganismen vorgesehen sind: getrocknete und/oder trockene, stabilisierte Mikroorganismen, umfassend insbesondere Lebendhefen und/oder Bakterien und/oder Phagen und/oder Viren, die insbesondere vor dem Mageneintritt, insbesondere Panseneintritt, vor Zersetzung und/oder Abbau zu schützen sind, insbesondere verarbeitungsempfindliche Mikroorganismen etwa 1 - 60 Gewichts%, insbesondere etwa 1 - 50 Gewichts%, insbesondere etwa 1-47 Gewichts%, insbesondere etwa 1 - 10 Gewichts% beträgt, insbesondere Hefen mit etwa 1-80%, insbesondere 10-70%, insbesondere 5-45%, insbesondere 32%-43% und/oder Phagen/Viren mit etwa 0,001 % - 10%.It is advantageous if the microorganisms sensitive to processing are: dried and/or dry, stabilized microorganisms, including, in particular, live yeasts and/or bacteria and/or phages and/or viruses, Degradation are to be protected, in particular processing-sensitive microorganisms about 1-60% by weight, in particular about 1-50% by weight, in particular about 1-47% by weight, in particular about 1-10% by weight, in particular yeasts with about 1-80%, in particular 10-70%, especially 5-45%, especially 32%-43% and/or phage/virus with about 0.001%-10%.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Fett-Emulgatormischug umfasst Polyoxyethylen-Fettglyceride, insbesondere Glycerin-Polyethylenglykol-ricinoleat, und/oder Sorbitanfettsäureester und/oder Polysorbat und/oder Polyglycerinester von Speisesäuren.It is advantageous if the fat-emulsifier mixture comprises polyoxyethylene fatty glycerides, in particular glycerol-polyethylene glycol ricinoleate, and/or sorbitan fatty acid esters and/or polysorbate and/or polyglycerol esters of edible acids.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Fettbasis aufweist: Fettsäuren aus dem Bereich der Kohlenstoffketten von C12 bis C22 aufweisen und/oder Wachse zur Steuerung des Zerfalls und/oder Lecithine zur Verstärkung des Zerfalls, insbesondere aufweisend einen Fettsäureanteil von etwa 5-99%, 5-90%, 10-80%, 20-60%, 30-50%, 30% bis 40%, insbesondere von mehr als etwa 15%, insbesondere mehr als etwa 20%, insbesondere mehr als etwa 40 %, insbesondere etwa 50 - 70% am Gesamtgewicht,
- • insbesondere die Fettbasis zu etwa 30-60%, insbesondere 40-60%, am Gesamtgewicht und Lebendhefe, insbesondere 5- 40% am Gesamtgewicht, und/oder Zerfallsbeschleuniger 4-20% am Gesamtgewicht und/oder Wirkstoffe oder
- • insbesondere die Fettbasis zu etwa 40-70% und/oder Zerfallsbeschleuniger Saccharose zu etwa 5-20% und/oder Lebendhefe zu etwa 10-40% am Gesamtgewicht oder
- • insbesondere die Fettbasis zu etwa 57% und/oder Lebendhefe zu etwa 5-32% am Gesamtgewicht und 11 % Reststoffe am Gesamtgewicht.
- • in particular the fat base for about 30-60%, in particular 40-60% of the total weight and live yeast, in particular 5- 40% of the total weight, and / or disintegration accelerator 4-20% of the total weight and / or active ingredients or
- • in particular the fat base for about 40-70% and/or sucrose disintegrant for about 5-20% and/or live yeast for about 10-40% of the total weight or
- • in particular the fat base for about 57% and/or live yeast for about 5-32% of the total weight and 11% residues of the total weight.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn ein Schmelzpunkt der Fettsäuren und/oder Fettmischung von etwa 38°C bis etwa 80°C beträgt, wobei der Einsatz unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes vorzunehmen ist, insbesondere unter 57°C, insbesondere unter 50°C.It is advantageous if the melting point of the fatty acids and/or fat mixture is from about 38°C to about 80°C, the use being below the melting point, in particular below 57°C, in particular below 50°C.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn für die Fettbasis eine Auswahl aus folgenden Fettsäuren, insbesondere als Fettsäurenkombination, vorgesehen ist: Linolsäure und/oder Alpha-Linolensäure und/oder Gamma-Linolensäure und/oder Calendulasäure und/oder Arachidonsäure und/oder Docosadiensäure und/oder Docosapentaensäure und/oder Docosahexansäure und/oder Dodecansäure, insbesondere Laurinsäure, und/oder Tridecansäure und/oder Tetradecansäure, insbesondere Myristinsäure, und/oder Pentadecansäure und/oder Hexadecansäure, insbesondere Palmitinsäure, und/oder Heptadecansäure, insbesondere Margarinsäure, und/oder Octadecansäure, insbesondere Stearinsäure, und/oder Nonadecansäure und/oder Eicosan-/Icosansäure, insbesondere Arachinsäure, und/oder Heneiconsäure und/oder Docosansäure, insbesondere Behensäure, und/oder Heracosansäure, insbesondere Cerotinsäure, Triacontansäure, insbesondere Melissinsäure, Undecylensäure, Palmitileinsäure, Margaroleinsäure und/oder Petroselinsäure und/oder Ölsäure und/oder Elaidinsäure und/oder Vaccensäure und/oder Gondosäure und/oder Erucasäure, insbesondere in Kombination Palmitinsäure 45% und Stearinsäure 45% und Ölsäure 5% mit Restfetten.It is advantageous if a selection from the following fatty acids is provided for the fat base, in particular as a fatty acid combination: linoleic acid and/or alpha-linolenic acid and/or gamma-linolenic acid and/or calendula acid and/or arachidonic acid and/or docosadienoic acid and/or docosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexanoic acid and/or dodecanoic acid, especially lauric acid, and/or tridecanoic acid and/or tetradecanoic acid, especially myristic acid, and/or pentadecanoic acid and/or hexadecanoic acid, especially palmitic acid, and/or heptadecanoic acid, especially margaric acid, and/or octadecanoic acid, especially Stearic acid and/or nonadecanoic acid and/or eicosanoic/icosanoic acid, especially arachidic acid, and/or heneiconic acid and/or docosanoic acid, especially behenic acid, and/or heracosanoic acid, especially cerotic acid, triacontanoic acid, especially melissic acid, undecylenic acid, palmitic acid, margaroleic acid and/or petroselinic and/or oleic acid and/or elaidi nic acid and/or vaccenic acid and/or gondocic acid and/or erucic acid, in particular in combination with 45% palmitic acid and 45% stearic acid and 5% oleic acid with residual fats.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn weiterhin Zerfallsbeschleuniger vorgesehen sind, die den Zerfall der Formpartikel fördern, insbesondere Quellstoffe und/oder Kleien und/oder Stärken und/oder Mono- und/oder Disaccharide und/oder Polysaccharide und/oder Säuren und/oder Bicarbonat.It is advantageous if disintegration accelerators are also provided, which promote the disintegration of the shaped particles, in particular swelling agents and/or bran and/or starches and/or mono- and/or disaccharides and/or polysaccharides and/or acids and/or bicarbonate.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn in einem Pellet weiterhin vorgesehen sind: Wirkstoffe, umfassend Vitamine und/oder Spurenelemente und/oder Aminosäuren und/oder Vitalstoffe und/oder Wirkstoffe mit einem unangenehmen Geschmack vorgesehen sind, insbesondere 1-50%, insbesondere 5-40%, insbesondere 10-30%, insbesondere 10-20% Anteil am Gesamtgewicht.It is advantageous if the following are also provided in a pellet: active ingredients, including vitamins and/or trace elements and/or amino acids and/or vital substances and/or active ingredients with an unpleasant taste are provided, in particular 1-50%, in particular 5-40% , in particular 10-30%, in particular 10-20% of the total weight.
Die Aufgabe wird ebenfalls gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Futtermittelpellets umfassend Mikroorganismen, insbesondere getrocknete und/oder trocken stabilisierte, nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, durch mechanisches Kneten und Verdichten von Festfett und/oder Fettpulver unter Einarbeitung der Mikroorganismen, insbesondere Pressen und/oder Kompaktieren, zu Pelletformen, insbesondere Stäbchen, insbesondere mit etwa 0,5-10 mm, insbesondere 0,5 - 2 mm, insbesondere 1 - 2 mm, Durchmesser und/oder einer Länge von etwa 0,5 - 30mm, insbesondere mit rundem und/oder viereckigem und/oder ovalem und/oder vieleckigem Querschnitt, wobei die Fettkomponente in polaren Lösungsmitteln, insbesondere Wasser, zerfallend ausgebildet ist und Mikroorganismen lebensfähig freisetzend.The object is also achieved by a method for producing a feed pellet comprising microorganisms, in particular dried and/or dry-stabilized ones, according to one of Claims 1 to 8, by mechanical kneading and compacting of solid fat and/or fat powder with incorporation of the microorganisms, in particular pressing and /or compacting, to form pellets, in particular rods, in particular with a diameter of about 0.5-10 mm, in particular 0.5-2 mm, in particular 1-2 mm, and/or a length of about 0.5-30 mm, in particular with round and/or square and/or oval and/or polygonal cross-section, the fat component is designed to decompose in polar solvents, in particular water, and releases viable microorganisms.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn als Parameter beim Pressen eines Pellets insbesondere eingestellt werden: eine Ausgangstemperatur der Fettbasis unterhalb eines Schmelzpunktes des Fettes, insbesondere Festfett und/oder Fettpulver und/oder von Zusatzstoffen und/oder Verweilzeit in der Verarbeitung, insbesondere Presse und/oder Kompaktifizierer und/oder Matrize, und/oder Zuschläge für eine Strukturbildung und/oder Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Fettes und der Wirkstoffe, und/oder Geometrie von gepressten Teilchen, wobei insbesondere eine Verarbeitungstemperatur während und/oder nach dem Pressen unterhalb des Schmelzpunkts liegt, insbesondere niedriger als etwa 38°C, insbesondere bei Raumtemperatur, wobei insbesondere mehrmals nacheinander gepresst wird, insbesondere zweimal.It is advantageous if the following parameters are set when pressing a pellet: an initial temperature of the fat base below a melting point of the fat, in particular solid fat and/or fat powder and/or additives and/or residence time in processing, in particular press and/or compactifier and/or die, and/or additives for structuring and/or thermal conductivity of the fat and the active ingredients, and/or geometry of pressed particles, in particular a processing temperature during and/or after pressing is below the melting point, in particular lower than about 38°C, in particular at room temperature, in particular pressing several times in succession, in particular twice.
Die Aufgabe wird ebenfalls gelöst durch eine Verwendung von Festfett und/oder Fettbasispulver, nämlich Mono- und/oder Diglyceride und/oder Fettsäuren, welche zumindest teilweise eine polare Struktur aufweisen, die in Wasser und/oder Wassermischungen zumindest teilweise in kleinere Einheiten umfassend Fett, insbesondere Fettsäuren, und/oder Wirkstoff zerfallen, insbesondere sich in Wasser auflösend und Wirkstoffe, insbesondere Mikroorganismen lebensfähig freisetzend, zum mechanischen Kompaktifizieren zu Pellets mit verarbeitungsempfindlichen Mikroorganismen für Tiere, insbesondere Nutztiere, insbesondere Pferde, Geflügel, Fische, und/oder die Wiederkäuernahrung zur Auflösung im Pansen, wobei es insbesondere nach einem mechanischen Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 bis 10 vorgenommen wird, als Futtermittelpellet, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, umfassend zumindest verarbeitungsempfindliche Mikroorganismen, insbesondere getrocknete und/oder trockene, stabilisierte Mikroorganismen, die im Pansen freizusetzen sind, umfassend insbesondere Lebendhefe, und/oder Bakterien und/oder Phagen und/oder Viren, sowie insbesondere weitere Wirkstoffe, insbesondere Vitamine und/oder Spurenelemente und/oder Aminosäuren und/oder Vitalstoffe.The object is also achieved by using solid fat and/or fat base powder, namely mono- and/or diglycerides and/or fatty acids, which at least partially have a polar structure, which in water and/or water mixtures at least partially breaks down into smaller units comprising fat, in particular fatty acids, and/or active ingredient break down, in particular dissolving in water and releasing active ingredients, in particular viable microorganisms, for mechanical compaction into pellets with processing-sensitive microorganisms for animals, in particular farm animals, in particular horses, poultry, fish, and/or ruminant feed for dissolution in the rumen, in particular using a mechanical method according to claims 9 to 10, as a feed pellet, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least processing-sensitive microorganisms, in particular dried and/or dry, stabilized microorganisms, which are to be released in the rumen, including in particular live yeast and/or bacteria and/or phages and/or viruses, and in particular other active ingredients, in particular vitamins and/or trace elements and/or amino acids and/or vital substances.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021003522.4A DE102021003522A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Feed pellets for animals, in particular livestock, a use and a method for producing a feed pellet |
| DE112022003445.9T DE112022003445A5 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-07 | FEED PELLET FOR ANIMALS, IN PARTICULAR LIVESTOCK, A USE AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FEED PELLET |
| PCT/DE2022/000078 WO2023280335A2 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-07 | Feed pellet for animals, more particularly livestock, use, and method for producing a feed pellet |
| EP22754290.9A EP4366541A2 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-07 | Feed pellet for animals, more particularly livestock, use, and method for producing a feed pellet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021003522.4A DE102021003522A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Feed pellets for animals, in particular livestock, a use and a method for producing a feed pellet |
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| DE102021003522A1 true DE102021003522A1 (en) | 2023-01-12 |
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| DE102021003522.4A Withdrawn DE102021003522A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Feed pellets for animals, in particular livestock, a use and a method for producing a feed pellet |
| DE112022003445.9T Pending DE112022003445A5 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-07 | FEED PELLET FOR ANIMALS, IN PARTICULAR LIVESTOCK, A USE AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FEED PELLET |
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| EP (1) | EP4366541A2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE102021003522A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023280335A2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS60221078A (en) * | 1984-04-18 | 1985-11-05 | Morinaga Milk Ind Co Ltd | Granular product of useful microorganism powder and its preparation |
| US9232813B2 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2016-01-12 | The Iams Company | Probiotic supplement, process for making, and packaging |
-
2021
- 2021-07-08 DE DE102021003522.4A patent/DE102021003522A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2022
- 2022-07-07 WO PCT/DE2022/000078 patent/WO2023280335A2/en active Application Filing
- 2022-07-07 DE DE112022003445.9T patent/DE112022003445A5/en active Pending
- 2022-07-07 EP EP22754290.9A patent/EP4366541A2/en active Pending
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| EP4366541A2 (en) | 2024-05-15 |
| DE112022003445A5 (en) | 2024-05-23 |
| WO2023280335A3 (en) | 2023-03-02 |
| WO2023280335A2 (en) | 2023-01-12 |
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